1.

Discuss how human resources is an integral part of a company’s strategic

planning process.

 Assessing the company's resources is an important element of

strategic planning. It's simple for a firm to think big and have lofty goals,
but what it can really accomplish is restricted by the amount and type
of resources it has at its disposal. The goal of human resource
planning is to look ahead and determine what skills, knowledge, and
competencies the company will require in one, three, or five years to
achieve its strategic objectives. If a business is currently outsourcing its
marketing function but wants to bring it in-house, one apparent early
approach is to hire a whole marketing staff, from a senior manager to a
young marketing associate or intern. Strategic planning and human
resource planning are essentially symbiotic in nature, with one function
relying on the other.

2. What is the difference between tasks, elements, and motions in a basic job
structure?

 The general method through which individuals of an organization are

classified according to position or power is known as a job structure.

 Tasks: A group of work elements make a work task. An efficient

structure manages and coordinates the company's resources while
also motivating personnel to fulfill the company's objectives. The five
duties of an organizational structure while creating your structure:
distribute authority, determine the span of control, organizational
height, line or staff structure, and create departments.

 Elements: It is a complete entity, such as picking up, transporting and

positioning an item. It includes work specialization,
departmentalization, chain of command, span of control, centralization
and decentralization, and formalization.

 Motions: Micro motion involves a very elementary movement such as

reaching, grasping, positioning or releasing an object.

3. How did the development of the assembly-line production process at Ford

Motor Company popularize the scientific management approach to job
design?

 On December 1, 1913, Henry Ford installs the first moving assembly

line for the mass production of an entire automobile. His innovation
reduced the time it took to build a car from more than 12 hours to one
hour and 33 minutes. The most significant piece of Ford’s efficiency
crusade was the assembly line. Inspired by the continuous-flow
production methods used by flour mills, breweries, canneries and
industrial bakeries, along with the disassembly of animal carcasses in
Chicago’s meat-packing plants, Ford installed moving lines for bits and
pieces of the manufacturing process: For instance, workers built
 motors and transmissions on rope-and-pulley–powered conveyor belts.
In December 1913, he unveiled the pièce de résistance: the moving-
chassis assembly line.

 Fordism describes the method of mass production using assembly line

technology that was invented in the early twentieth century by
mechanical engineer and Ford Motor Company founder Henry Ford.
Frederick Taylor actually coined the term “Fordism” when he accused
Ford of removing the pride that human beings took in their jobs and
creating a labor force of unskilled workers who were merely cogs in the
machine. It’s often assumed that Taylorism was a starting point for the
manufacturing processes developed by Ford, but it’s more likely that
any influence on Ford from Taylorism was mostly coincidental.

4. What are some of the ways companies achieve sustainability in the

workplace?

 The word "sustainability" has gained in favor as a catch-all term for

green business practices that have been implemented into various
corporate plans. Consumers are looking for firms that reflect their
beliefs as they grow more informed. There are things we can all do to
help save resources, regardless of the size of the organization. There
are some ways for a sustainable business practice: be intentional
about sustainability, partner with employees, water and electric
conservation, supply chains, develop a recycling program, chemical
management, purchase only energy efficient products, and develop
sustainability work policies.

References:

https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/fords-assembly-line-starts-rolling
https://www.masterclass.com/articles/understanding-taylorism-the-history-of-
scientific-management-theory#a-brief-history-of-scientific-management-theory
https://thethrivingsmallbusiness.com/sustainable-business-practices/