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18 On this gesture, see PGM IV. 1054, and Bonner, "Note," p. 181, and Michigan
Papyri, III/1, p. 126.
19 I am indebted for this suggestion to Professor Jan Bergman of Uppsala,
mentioning especially PGM VII. 883. Cf. the symbols in the procession of Isis in
Apuleius Met. 11.10. See the collection of material in W. Wittmann, Das Isisbuch
des Apuleius (Stuttgart: Kohlhammer, 1938), pp. 47 ff.
20 For rTap've see PGM IV. 1403, 2255, 2265, 2340, 2613; VII. 784; for Kicov,
IV. 2122, 2251; VII. 781; for SpacKatva, IV. 2301; VII. 781 (SpaiKWV); for aer4ueua,
IV. 2335; VII. 785 (aTr!Aa); for KAelC, IV. 2293, 2335; VII. 785; for K1qpVKELOV,
IV. 2335; VII. 785; for TrS raprapovxov Xpv'aeov TO aavSaAov, IV. 2123, 2292,
2335; D. Wortmann, "Neue magische Texte," Bonner Jahrbicher 168 (1968):
56-111, esp. p. 62, lines 57-59; p. 78, and "Die Sandale der Hekate-Persephone-
Selene," Zeitschrift fur Papyrologie und Epigraphik 2 (1968): 155-60. See also
Heckenbach (n. 8 above), col. 2782.
21 For the meaning of aeU7leov in PGM, see esp. IV. 2334 and, furthermore, I.
65, 74; III. 499, 536, 624; IV. 209, 1103, 1263-64, 2940; VII. 786; X. 22; XXXVI.
273; LVII. 16, 29.
LKETEVEL22. . . KVV /LEv 77 WTapatTelaaL trEpL Tov TraTpos OVK eToA/La St' 9KrA7TAtV
vrToaJTpeatft Kal qpvyeLv f3ovAoXlZevos . ..
23 See C. C. McCown, "The Ephesia Grammata in Popular Belief," TAPA 54
(1923): 128-140; K. Preisendanz, "Ephesia Grammata," RAC, vol. 5 (1965),
cols. 515-20.
291
TeTE[A]eCT0Lct
292
293
36 See Plato Rep. 10.614E; Gorg. 624A; Phaedr. 249A; and Dieterich Nekyia,
pp. 120, 131, 151. In Lucian Philops. 22 the whole underworld appears together
with Hecate. See also R. Ganschinietz, Hippolytos' Capitel gegen die Magier, Refut.
haer. IV. 28-42 (Leipzig: Hinrichs, 1913), pp. 64-65.
37 Quoted in n. 22 above. See also Wortmann, "Neue magische Texte," p. 62,
lines 59-60f.: l8&cv Se eyco fpvyov .... See Wortmann's commentary, p. 78, and his
essay on Hecate's sandal, noted above in n. 20.
38 Differently Bonner, Michigan Papyri, III, p. 129: "If you are led to exe-
cution."
39 Cf. Plutarch Fragment 178, ed. F. H. Sandbach, Loeb Classical Lib
Plutarch's Moralia, 15: 316: OSav 'v rC TreAevTrv rj3 yev7Tat.... See als
Lukian, p. 85, n. 2.
40 For apotropeic rituals, see S. Eitrem, Opferritus und Voropfer der Griechen
und Romer (Kristiania: Dybwad, 1915), pp. 261-72. Cf. PGM III. 454, 613; IV.
919. See also Bonner, Michigan Papyri, III, p. 128.
41 On the identification of Thessalian underworld goddess B3rimo and Hecate,
see 0. Kern, "Brimo," PW, 5. Halbbd. (1897), cols. 853-54; Mylonas, Eleusis,
pp. 306 ff. See also Bonner, Studies, pp. 168 ff. (no. 63).
42 Again 7rpos po'fov, line 25.
294
43 Dieterich, Mithrasliturgie, pp. 213, and 256, had already suggested that the
synthema of Eleusis (see n. 26 above) is in corrupted form contained in PGM IV.
2964-65. See also the citations of the symbola of Hecate-Brimo in IV. 2292-95 and
2326-27; Hymn 17, lines 48-51, 83-84.
295