1. In 2016, December 25 fell on a Sunday.

On what day of the week does

Christmas fall in 2025?
Solution:
December 25, 2016 – Sunday
2020 and 2024 are leap years
What day of the week does Christmas fall in 2025?
Number of Days:
After December 25, 2016 to December 25, 2017 – 365 days
After December 25, 2017 to December 25, 2018 – 365 days
After December 25, 2018 to December 25, 2019 – 365 days
After December 25, 2019 to December 25, 2020 – 365 days
After December 25, 2020 to December 25, 2021 – 365 days
After December 25, 2021 to December 25, 2022 – 365 days
After December 25, 2022 to December 25, 2023 – 365 days
After December 25, 2023 to December 25, 2024 – 365 days
After December 25, 2024 to December 25, 2025 – 365 days
Total: 3,287 days
Divide total by 7 (no of days in a week), 3,287 /7 = 469 r. 4.
In modulo form: 3287 ≡ 4 mod 7. Since a week is a cycle, then any multiple of 7 days
past a given day will be the same day of the week. Four days after Sunday is Thursday,
the day of the week that Christmas in 2025 will fall in is Thursday.

2. Out of 40 students, 14 are taking English, and 29 are taking Chemistry.  If 5 are
in both class, how many are only taking English and Chemistry? How many are
not taking any of the two subjects?
The problem:
40 – Total number of Students
14 – Number of Students taking English
29 – Number of Students taking Chemistry
5 – Number of Students taking Both Classes
How many are only taking English and Chemistry?
How many are not taking any of the two subjects?
Plan:
Let A be the Number of Students taking only English
B the Number of Students taking only Chemistry
C not taking any of the two subjects
Eq1: A = 14 – 5
Eq2: B = 29 – 5
Eq3: C = 40 – (A + B + 5)
Solution:
Eq1: A = 14 – 5 = 9 are only taking English
Eq2: B = 29 – 5 = 24 are only taking Chemistry
Eq3: C = 40 – (9 + 24 + 5) = 2 are not taking any of the two subjects
Review solutions:
A + B + C + 5 = 40
9 + 24 + 2 + 5 = 40
40 = 40