RMAN OFFLINE BACKUP

Taking full database backup using RMAN when

database is in NOARCHIVELOG Mode
When the database is running in NOARCHIVELOG mode then you can take only offline
full database backups. i.e. you cannot take online backups.

To take full backup using RMAN when the database is in NOARCHIVELOG mode, the
database should not be opened but it should be in the mounted state

To take offline full database backup using RMAN do the following

Step 1
Assuming the database is not started. Set the ORACLE_SID environment variable  to
your database SID and start RMAN by typing the following command

$export ORACLE_SID=test
$rman target system/manager nocatalog

When you type the above command, RMAN will start with the following messages and
you will get the RMAN prompt

Step 2
Start the instance and mount the database by typing the following command at RMAN
prompt

RMAN> startup mount;

Step 3
To take full database backup type the following command

RMAN> backup full database tag 'myfullbackup';

The above the command will backup the full database and it will create the backupsets
in the directory which is set in the DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST parameter. In our case
the parameter is set to the following path "/u02/oracle/testdb/flash"

If you want to create the backupsets in other directory path then, you have to include the
FORMAT option in the above command. For example the following command will create
backupsets in the "/u02/oracle/mybackup" directory

 RMAN> backup full database format '/u02/oracle/mybackup/%U' tag

'myfullbackup'

The %U means RMAN should generate unique filenames for backupsets

Step 4
That's it the backup is over. We can start the database by typing the following

RMAN> alter database open;

If you want you can view the backupsets by going into the following directory using O/s
commands