MARMARA UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING

PHYS 1103.1

PHYSICS LABORATORY

EXPERIMENT 2

STRAIGHT LINE MOTION WITH CONSTANT VELOCITY

Section Number: 1
Group Number: 45
Submitted to: Arş. Göv. Hüseyin YALTIRIK
Due Date: 20.11.2021

Dept Student Id Name Surname Contribution

1 ME 150120065 Mustafa Naci ŞAFAK Purpose, Experimental Setup,
Calculations
2 ME 150121058 Musa ÖZKAN Theory, Conclusion, Calculations,
Upload Report
3 ME 150120145 Nejdet Enes ABACI Cover Page, Calculations, Discussion

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Table of Contents

1. PURPOSE.................................................................................................................................................- 4 -

2. THEORY..................................................................................................................................................- 4 -

A List of Materials........................................................................................................................................- 4 -

3. CALCULATIONS.................................................................................................................................- 12 -

Experiment-1..............................................................................................................................................- 12 -

Trial-1.....................................................................................................................................................- 13 -

Experiment-2..............................................................................................................................................- 16 -

Trial-1.....................................................................................................................................................- 16 -

4.CONCLUSION............................................................................................................................................- 19 -

5.REFERANCES.............................................................................................................................................- 20 -

Table of Figure

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Figure 1 Two identical solid rods put into rotation around two different axes by the same force. It is easier to rotate
the rod in (a) than it is in (b).......................................................................................................................................- 5 -
Figure 2 A net force acting on a disk that can rotate freely about an axis passing through its center (a). The same
force acting as in (b) can not cause rotation..............................................................................................................- 6 -
Figure 3 Change in the angle dθ in a time interval dt for a rigid disk rotating about an axis passing through its
center.........................................................................................................................................................................- 7 -
Figure 4 Puck m performs linear motion downwards causing the disk M to rotate..................................................- 8 -
Figure 5 Experimental set-up.....................................................................................................................................- 8 -
Figure 6 Puck m performs linear motion downwards causing the disk M to rotate (c).............................................- 9 -
Figure 7 Total vertical distance fall for an object falling down the inclined plane..................................................- 10 -
Figure 8 Table created to find the acceleration of the averaged values..................................................................- 12 -
Figure 9 Percentage Error Bar Graph.......................................................................................................................- 18 -

Table of Tables

Table 1 General Data Table......................................................................................................................................- 13 -

Table 2 Position and time measurements of the suspended puck...........................................................................- 13 -
Table 3 Translational kinetic energy gained by the suspending puck......................................................................- 13 -
Table 4 Angular acceleration and velocity of the rotating disk...............................................................................- 14 -
Table 5 : Rotational kinetic energy gained by the rotating disk..............................................................................- 14 -
Table 6 Total kinetic energy of the system gained by the suspending puck (m) and rotating disk (M)..................- 14 -
Table 7 Potential energy lost by the suspending puck.............................................................................................- 15 -
Table 8 Tension in the cord......................................................................................................................................- 15 -
Table 9 : Torque caused by the tension....................................................................................................................- 15 -
Table 10 Moment of Inertia of the disk....................................................................................................................- 15 -
Table 11 : Position and time measurements of the suspended puck.......................................................................- 16 -
Table 12 Translational kinetic energy gained by the suspending puck....................................................................- 16 -
Table 13 Angular acceleration and velocity of the rotating disk.............................................................................- 17 -
Table 14 Rotational kinetic energy gained by the rotating disk..............................................................................- 17 -
Table 15 Total kinetic energy of the system gained by the suspending puck (m) and rotating disk (M)................- 17 -
Table 16 : Potential energy lost by the suspending puck.........................................................................................- 17 -
Table 17 Tension in the cord....................................................................................................................................- 17 -
Table 18 : Torque caused by the tension..................................................................................................................- 18 -
Table 19 Moment of Inertia of the disk....................................................................................................................- 18 -

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 1. PURPOSE

This experiment aims to study and determine the velocity of an object moving in a straight
line with constant velocity. In this type of motion, the object travels equal distances in equal
times on the surface of the leveled off table. The object will move with constant velocity after set
in with a small push.

2. THEORY

A List of Materials

 An object (a ball to be precise)

 A video recorder

 Air table

When an object moves along a straight line, we can say its position by referencing origin, by
means of a coordinate such as x. If there is no net force applying on a moving object, it moves on
a straight line with a constant velocity. The displacement of the object is the change in its
position. So, the object’s average velocity ( v av) during a time interval ¿) is equal to its
displacement (x=x 2−x 1) divided by t:

x 2−x 1 Δ x
v av= = (Experimental) (1)
t 2−t 1 Δ t

From the Equation-(1), the average velocity is the displacement (x) divided by the time
interval (t) during which the displacement occurs. The direction of the average velocity is always
the same as the direction of the displacement. Average velocity does not depend on the actual
distance that a particle moves (that is, the total distance traveled) but instead depends on its
original and final position (displacement).

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 Position So, the average velocity is defined in
35

30
terms of displacement, rather than total
25
distance traveled. The velocity of an object
20

15
can also be found from the graph of its
10
position as a function of the time. On a
5

0
t=0 t=1 t=2 t=3
graph of the position (x) versus time (t), the
Position
average velocity for a time interval (t) is the
slope of the straight line connecting the
Figure 1.1 Example of a motion with
points on the curve that represent the two
constant velocity
ends of the time interval. So, in this
x (t)=x 0 + vt (2) experiment, if we plot a graph x versus t (x-t
graph), we will have a straight line with a
x (t)=vt (3)
slope and the slope of that line will give the
Position experimental value of the average velocity
35

30 for the motion. The displacement x(t) of a

particle moving in a straight line with
25

20

15 constant velocity is given as a function of

10

5
time in the form. If at t=0, the particle was at
0
t=0 t=1 t=2 t=3 the origin, then x0=0. So, when the object is
at the origin with the initial position x0=0,
Position

Figure 1.2 Our measurement of motion the equation of the motion becomes at any

with constant velocity time.

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 3. CALCULATIONS

Dot Number Position x ± Δ x (m) Time t (sec .) By Slope v(m/ s)

0 0.054 0

1 0.144 0.1
2 0.208 0.2
3 0.267 0.3
4 0.324 0.4
0.6 (m/s)
5 0.382 0.5
6 0.441 0.6
7 0.497 0.7
8 0.552 0.8
9 0.607 0.9
10 0.660 1.0
Table 1. Musa Özkan’s

Interval
x n (m) x n+1 (m) x n+1−x n (m) t n (sec .) t n+1 ( s) t n+1−t n (s) v av (m/ s)
Number (n)

0−1 0.054 0.144 0.09 0 0.1 0.1 0.9

1−2 0.144 0.208 0.064 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.64

2−3 0.208 0.267 0.059 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.59

3−4 0.267 0.324 0.057 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.57

4−5 0.324 0.382 0.058 0.4 0.5 0.1 0.58

5−6 0.382 0.441 0.059 0.5 0.6 0.1 0.59

6−7 0.441 0.497 0.056 0.6 0.7 0.1 0.56

7−8 0.497 0.552 0.055 0.7 0.8 0.1 0.55

8−9 0.552 0.607 0.055 0.8 0.9 0.1 0.55

9−10 0.607 0.66 0.053 0.9 1 0.1 0.53

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 Chart Title
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0
Kategori 1 Kategori 2 Kategori 3 Kategori 4

Seri 1 Seri 2 Seri 3

Dot Number Position x ± Δ x (m) Time t (sec .) By Slope v(m/ s)

0 0.009 0
1 0.111 0.1
2 0.198 0.2

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 3 0.284 0.3
4 0.363 0.4
5 0.440 0.5
6 0.514 0.6
0.9(m/s)
7 0.587 0.7
8 0.660 0.8
9 0.733 0.9
10 0.803 1.0
Table 2. Mustafa Naci Şafak’s

Interval
x n (m) x n+1 (m) x n+1−x n (m) t n (sec .) t n+1 ( s) t n+1−t n (s) v av (m/ s)
Number (n)

0−1 0.009 0.111 0.102 0 0.1 0.1 1.02

1−2 0.111 0.198 0.087 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.87

2−3 0.198 0.284 0.086 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.86

3−4 0.284 0.363 0.079 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.79

4−5 0.363 0.44 0.077 0.4 0.5 0.1 0.77

5−6 0.44 0.514 0.074 0.5 0.6 0.1 0.74

6−7 0.514 0.587 0.073 0.6 0.7 0.1 0.73

7−8 0.587 0.66 0.073 0.7 0.8 0.1 0.73

8−9 0.66 0.733 0.073 0.8 0.9 0.1 0.73

9−10 0.733 0.803 0.07 0.9 1 0.1 0.7

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 Chart Title
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0
Kategori 1 Kategori 2 Kategori 3 Kategori 4

Seri 1 Seri 2 Seri 3

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 Dot Number Position x ± Δ x (m) Time t (sec .) By Slope v(m/ s)
0 0.051 0
1 0.115 0.1
2 0.206 0.2
3 0.291 0.3
4 0.374 0.4
5 0.454 0.5
0.8(m/s)
6 0.529 0.6
7 0.601 0.7
8 0.673 0.8
9 0.740 0.9
10 0.806 1.0
Table 3. Nejdet Enes Abacı’s

Interval
x n (m) x n+1 (m) x n+1−x n (m) t n (sec .) t n+1 ( s) t n+1−t n (s) v av (m/ s)
Number (n)

0−1 0.051 0.115 0.064 0 0.1 0.1 0.64

1−2 0.115 0.206 0.091 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.91

2−3 0.206 0.291 0.085 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.85

3−4 0.291 0.374 0.083 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.83

4−5 0.374 0.454 0.08 0.4 0.5 0.1 0.8

5−6 0.454 0.529 0.075 0.5 0.6 0.1 0.75

6−7 0.529 0.601 0.072 0.6 0.7 0.1 0.72

7−8 0.601 0.673 0.072 0.7 0.8 0.1 0.72

8−9 0.673 0.74 0.067 0.8 0.9 0.1 0.67

9−10 0.74 0.806 0.066 0.9 1 0.1 0.66

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 Chart Title
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0
Kategori 1 Kategori 2 Kategori 3 Kategori 4

Seri 1 Seri 2 Seri 3

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4.CONCLUSION

5.REFERANCES

1. Physics 1103. 2th Lab Manual

2. University Physics with Modern Physics, Hugh D. Young, Roger A. Freedman, 15 th

Edition, Pearson, 2019.

6.APPENDİX

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