8

Self-Learning Kit
Mathematics
Quarter 2 - Week 1

LALAINE B. SAMPAN
Writer
Mathematics – Grade 8
Self-Learning Kit
Quarter 2 – Week 1
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Self-Learning Kit

Writer: Lalaine B. Sampan

Editors: Mary Ann E. Ramos
Reviewers: Mary Ann E. Ramos
Illustrator: John Orven V. Saldaña
Layout Artist: Joel R. Capuyan
Management Team: Leah P. Noveras, Ed.D., CESO VI
Bernadette A. Susvilla, Ed.D., CESO VI
Lilia R. Ybañez
Mary Ann E. Ramos
Reynilda G. Ramoneda
Joel R. Capuyan
Raymond L. Ceniza

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education – Region VII Schools Division of Danao City

Office Address: Sitio Upland, National Road, Danao City, Cebu

Telephone No. (032) 262-6211
Telefax: danao.city@deped.gov.ph
E-mail Address: depeddanaocity.com

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Note to the Learner

This Self-Learning Kit is prepared for you to learn the specified competencies
based on the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) for Math 8, Quarter 2,
Week 1. It is designed in a simplified structure to help you easily understand the lesson
for the week. It contains the following parts:

I Have Includes an activity that aims to check what you

Known already know about this lesson

I Can Consists of activities that will help you view the

Connect previous lesson and prepare you to the new one

Details the presentation and discussion of the

I Can Learn
concepts that you need to learn in this new lesson

Comprises of activities for independent practice to

I Can Try
check understanding of the new concepts learned

I Can Contains exercises to validate your knowledge and

Assess understanding of the concepts learned

I Can Do Covers activities and exercises that you can do

More further to enrich your learning

Answer Key Contains the key to correction of all the exercises

Indicates the sources in the development of this

References
Self- Learning Kit (SLK)

ii
Lesson Title Linear Inequalities in Two Variables
Learning • Differentiates linear inequalities in two
Competencies variables from linear equations in two
variables
• Illustrates and graphs linear inequalities in two
variables.
• Solves problems involving linear inequalities in
two variables

MELC Code • M8AL-IIa-2

• M8AL-IIa-4

I Have Known

A. Directions: Read and understand each item carefully. Write the letter that
corresponds to the correct answer on your answer sheet.

1. Which of these illustrates linear inequality in two variables?

A. 3𝑥 2 + 𝑦 < 4 C. 3𝑥 − 3𝑥 + 𝑦 ≥ 4
B. 3𝑥 + 𝑦 − 2𝑦 ≥ 4 D. 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 2𝑦 < 4
2. Which of the following is/ are CORRECTLY PAIRED?
A. 3𝑥 + 𝑦 ≥ 4 → linear inequality in two variables
B. 3𝑥 + 𝑦 = 4 → linear equation in two variables
C. Both A and B
D. Neither A nor B
3. Which of the following is NOT CORRECTLY translated?

A. Peter’s money in ₱ 5-coins (a) and

5a + 10b = 300
₱ 10- bills (b) is ₱ 300
B. The sum of thrice the number of kilos of
Alberto’s imported meat (x) and
3x + 2y = 144
twice another number of kilos (y) of
local meat is 144.
C. A vendor can sell at most 50 kilos of
b + m < 50
bananas (b) and mangoes (m).
D. Luis (x) and Mario (y) have a combined
x + y ≤ 300
allowance of at least ₱300

4. The graph of a linear inequality in two variables is a _________.

A. broken line C. solid line
B. half- plane D. rectangular region
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5. How many solutions has 2𝑥 + 5𝑦 ≤ 10 ?
A. one C. three
B. two D. infinite
6. Which of these suggests the order on how to graph linear inequalities in
two variables?
I. Shade the half-plane satisfying the inequality
II. If the inequality is in the form Ax + By = C use the x & y intercepts in
graphing or else if it is in y = mx + b form, use slope & y intercept
III. Determine the plane divider if it is solid or broken line based on
the given inequality.
IV. Test using point (0,0) to determine the half-plane containing the
solution set.
A. I, II, III and IV C. IV, III, II and I
B. II, III, IV and I D. II, IV, III and I
7. The graph at the right represents 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 ≤ 6. Which of these describes the
solution set of the inequality?
A. on the line 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 6 & the half-plane with (0,0)
B. on the line 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 6 & the half-plane without (0,0)
C. on the half-plane to the left of the dashed line
3𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 6
D. on the half-plane to the right of the dashed line
3𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 6
3
8. The graph at the right represents 𝑦 ≥ 2 𝑥 + 4 .Which of these
describes the solution set of the inequality?
3
A. the region above 𝑦 = 2 𝑥 + 4
3
B. the line 𝑦 = 2 𝑥 + 4 and the region to its left
3
C. the region below 𝑦 = 2 𝑥 + 4
3
D. the line 𝑦 = 2 𝑥 + 4 and the region to its right
9. Lizzy has at most 290 beads to make a jewelry. A necklace (x) requires 60
beads and a bracelet (y) requires 20 beads. If Lizzy makes 5 bracelets,
what is the maximum number of necklace she can make?
A. 1 C. 3
B. 2 D. 4
10. The graph at the right represents 𝑥 + 𝑦 > 4.
Which of these is NOT a solution of the inequality?
A. (5,2) C. (2,5)
B. (0,0) D. (6,-1)
11. Which of these is/are TRUE about the plane divider?
I. < or > , broken/ dashed line
II. ≤or ≥ , solid line
III. Both A and B
IV. Neither A nor B

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12. To be able to sketch the graph of 2𝑥+3𝑦≥6.All of these are the steps in
graphing EXCEPT---
A. Determine the x & y intercepts, (3,0) and (0,2)
B. Plot the intercepts then connect the points using a broken line
C. Test using point (0,0)
D. Shade the half-plane that does not include point (0,0)
13. Which of the following shows the graph of y ≥ x + 4?
A. B.

B. D.

14. Cristina is using two mobile networks to make phone calls. One network
charges her ₱ 5 for every minute of call to other networks. The other
network charges her ₱ 6 for every minute of call to other networks. In a
month, she spends at least ₱ 300 for these calls. Which of these is/are
CORRECT about the situation?
I. The inequality that represents the situation is 5𝑥 + 6𝑦 ≥ 300.
II. The inequality that represents the situation is 5𝑥 + 6𝑦 ≤ 300
III. This is a possible combination of calls (60,10) .
IV. This is a possible combination of calls (40,30)

A. I, II & III C. II & IV

B. I, II,III & IV D. I, III & IV

15. You are selling bibingkas to raise at least ₱450 for a Christmas gift.
Cheese flavor costs ₱15 and the original flavor costs ₱10. Which of these
is/are the possible combinations of bibingka flavors to be sold to be able
to meet the needed amount?
I. (20,10) III. (50,6)
II. (40,12) IV. (60, 4)

A. I, II and III C. III, IV and I

B. I, II, III and IV D. II, III and IV

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 I Can Connect

Activity 1

One of the delicacies in Danao City is the bibingka in Guinsay Danao City.

1. If I have ₱100 and it is enough for 10 pcs, how much does each piece
cost?
2. If I have ₱105 and each piece costs ₱10, is my money enough to buy 11
pcs?
3. If I will buy 20 pieces and sells each piece at ₱ 12.00, will I gain
₱ 50?

Did you get these answers?

Each piece costs ₱10. If only I have ₱110 or more, I can buy 11 pieces. My

gain is only ₱ 40 which is less than ₱ 50.

Activity 2

Thumbs up or thumbs down if the situation implies an equality or inequality?

1. You and your siblings will have the same amount of birthday gift.
2. Mary is 5 years older than me.
3. Cebu City has more COVID-19 positive cases than Danao City.
4. Clark and I get an average of 95 in Math.
5. Matthew outranked Edison in the marathon.

I guess these are your answers:

Situations 1 and 4 exemplify equality while 2,3 and 5 are inequalities.

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 What is an equality?
Equality is about ensuring that every individual has an equal opportunity
to make the most of their lives and talents.

In mathematics, equality is a relationship between two quantities or,

more generally two mathematical expressions, asserting that the quantities have
the same value, or that the expressions represent the same mathematical object.
The equal sign or equality sign, =, is a mathematical symbol used to
indicate equality in some well-defined sense. It was invented in 1557 by Robert
Recorde.

An equation is a mathematical expression that contains an equal symbol.

What is an inequality?
An inequality is a mathematical relationship between two expressions
and is represented using one of the following:

Symbol Meaning Word Phares

≠ Not equal • Not the same

• Fewer than
• Below
< less than
• Smaller than
• under
• more than
• larger
> greater than
• exceeds
• above
• no more than
• at most
≤ less than or equal
• maximum
• up to
• no less than
greater than or
≥ • at least
equal
• minimum

An algebraic inequality is an inequality that contain variable/s.

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Activity 3

From the options shown in the picture, select the mathematical model that
corresponds the given real-life situation. Then tell if the real-life situation suggests an
equation or an inequality.

A. 20𝑎 + 50𝑏 = 400 D. 𝑐 > 𝑑

B. 𝑥 + 𝑦 ≥ 300 E. 𝑦 > 𝑥
C. 𝑏 + 𝑚 ≤ 60 F. 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 144

Real-life situation Mathematical model Equation or Inequality

1. Cebu City (c) has more
COVID-19 positive cases than
Danao City (d).
2. Nadine’s money in ₱ 20 bills
(a) and ₱ 50 bills (b) is ₱ 400.
3. The sum of thrice the
number of kilos of Alberto’s
imported meat (x) and twice
another number of kilos (y) of
local meat is 144.
4. A vendor can sell at most 60
kilos of bananas (b) and
mangoes (m).
5. Marte (y) gets higher scores in
Math than John (x).
6. Luis (x) and Mario (y) have a
combined allowance of at
least ₱300.

These are my answers! Do you get perfect?

Items 2 (A) and 3 (F) are equations while 1(D),4(C),5 (E) & 6 (B) are
inequalities.
The activity shows linear equation in two variables and linear inequalities in
two variables.

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Linear Equation in Two Variables

A linear equation in two variables is an equation that can be written in the

form 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 = 𝐶 or 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 + 𝐶 = 0, where A, B and C are real numbers. A and
B are not both equal to zero.

• These are examples

3 5
1. 3𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 7 3. 4 𝑥 + 3 𝑦 = 7 5. 3𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 5 = 0
3 5
2. 2𝑥 − 5𝑦 = 12 4. 7𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 35 6. 𝑥 + 3𝑦 − 7 = 0
4

• More examples
1. 2𝑥 + 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + 2 , simplifying 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 2
2. (2𝑥 + 1) − 2𝑥 (2𝑥 + 1) + 𝑦 = 4 , simplifying 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 3
2

The linear equation in two variables can also be written in the form
𝒚 = 𝒎𝒙 + 𝒃, where m is the slope and b the y-intercept.

• These are examples

3 5 2
1. 𝑦 = 4 𝑥 3. 𝑦 = − 6 𝑥 + 2 5. 𝑦 = −2𝑥 + 3
5 1
2. 𝑦 = −5𝑥 + 2 4. 𝑦 = − 6 𝑥 − 2 6. 𝑦 = − 6 𝑥 + 2

• More examples
1. 𝑦 = 3(𝑥 + 3) , simplifying gives 𝑦 = 3𝑥 + 9
2. 𝑦 = 3𝑥 − 2(𝑥 + 2) , simplifying gives 𝑦 = 𝑥 − 4
3. 𝑦 = 2𝑥 2 − 2(𝑥 − 1)2 , simplifying gives 𝑦 = 4𝑥 − 2

The graph of a linear equation in two variables is a line with infinitely many
solutions.
The graph can be drawn using two ordered pair-solutions, using the x and y-
intercepts, slope and one point.

For example, the graph of 3𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 12 is shown using GeoGebra.

The indicated points are few of its infinite solutions.

7
 I Can Learn

Lesson 1: Linear Inequality in Two Variables

A linear inequality in two variables is an inequality that can be written in
one of the following forms:
𝑨𝒙 + 𝑩𝒚 < 𝑪 𝑨𝒙 + 𝑩𝒚 ≤ 𝑪
𝑨𝒙 + 𝑩𝒚 > 𝑪 𝑨𝒙 + 𝑩𝒚 ≥ 𝑪
where A, B and C are real numbers. A and B are both not equal to zero.

• These are examples

1. 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 ≥ 6 3. 5𝑥 − 2𝑦 > 12 5. 3𝑥 − 4𝑦 > 12
3 1
2. 3𝑥 − 5𝑦 < −15 4. 𝑥 + 2𝑦 ≥ −8 6. 4 𝑥 + 3 𝑦 ≥ −6

The linear inequality in two variables can also be written in the form:
𝒚 > 𝒎𝒙 + 𝒃 𝒚 ≥ 𝒎𝒙 + 𝒃
𝒚 < 𝒎𝒙 + 𝒃 𝒚 ≤ 𝒎𝒙 + 𝒃
• These are examples
3 3
1. 𝑦 > 4 𝑥 − 3 3. 𝑦 ≤ 4 𝑥 − 3 5. 𝑦 < −2𝑥 + 3
3 3
2. 𝑦 < −4𝑥 + 3 4. 𝑦 ≥ − 4 𝑥 + 3 6. 𝑦 > −2𝑥 − 5

The graph of a linear inequality in two variables is the set of all points in the
rectangular coordinate system whose ordered pairs satisfy the inequality. When a
line is graphed in the coordinate plane, it separates the plane into two regions
called half- planes. The line that separates the plane is called the plane divider.
Solution set is the set of all points satisfying to the inequality.
.

plane divider

The plane divider is dependent from the inequality symbol used.

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 Plane divider Inequality symbol Solution
Dashed line or broken does not include points
< 𝑜𝑟 >
line on the dashed line
includes points on the
Solid line ≤ 𝑜𝑟 ≥
solid line

The solution of the linear inequality in two variables is infinitely many.

Since you can already differentiate linear equation in two variables from
linear inequalities in two variables, let us proceed to developing and enhancing
your skills in graphing.

Lesson 2: Graphing Linear Inequality in Two Variables

These are the steps on how to graph:

Equation format 𝑨𝒙 + 𝑩𝒚 = 𝑪 Equation format 𝒚 = 𝒎𝒙 + 𝒃

1. Rewrite the linear inequality in two 1. Rewrite the linear inequality in two
variables into the form 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 = 𝐶. variables into the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏.

2. Determine the x and y intercepts of 2. Determine the slope and y- intercept.

the equation.
3. Plot the y-intercept on the Cartesian
Plane the move y units upward then x
units to the right (if slope is positive) or
3. Plot the x and y intercepts on the to left (if the slope is negative) to
Cartesian Plane. locate the coordinates of the other
point.
𝑟𝑖𝑠𝑒
Note: slope (m)=
𝑟𝑢𝑛

4. Decide for the plane divider if it is a
solid or a dashed line.
5. Use (0,0) as a test point. If it is TRUE
then shade the half-plane containing
that point. If FALSE, shade the half-
plane which does not contain (0,0).
4. Decide for the plane divider if it is a
solid or a dashed line.
5. Use (0,0) as a test point. If it is TRUE
then shade the half-plane containing
that point. If FALSE, shade the half-
plane which does not contain (0,0).

6. Graph the inequality 6. Graph the inequality

9
 The procedure differs only in the first 3 steps.

Example 1.

Here are the steps on how to graph:

Steps Student’s Activity

1. Rewrite the linear inequality in two
variables into the form 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 = 𝐶.
2. Determine the x and y intercepts of
the equation
3𝑥 + 2𝑦 ≥ 6 → 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 6
3𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 6
Let 𝑦 = 0, the x-intercept is 2.
Let 𝑥 = 0, the y-intercept is 3.
Meaning the line will intersect the x-axis
at (2,0) and will also intersect the y-axis
at (0,3).

(0,3)
3. Plot the x and y intercepts on the
(2,0)
Cartesian Plane.

4. Decide for the plane divider if it is a Since the inequality symbol is ≥,

solid or a dashed line. use solid line.
5. Use (0,0) as a test point. If it is TRUE Substitute (0,0) to 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 ≥ 6
then shade the half-plane containing 3(0) + 2(0) ≥ 6
that point. If FALSE, shade the half- 0+0≥6
plane which does not contain (0,0). 0 ≥ 6 , False
Meaning the half-plane does not
contain (0,0)

3𝑥 + 2𝑦 ≥ 6
(0,3)

6. Graph the inequality (2,0)

Is (1,1) a solution of 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 ≥ 6? No, because it does not fall on the plane

divider and the shaded half-plane or region. These can also be verified by
substituting it to the inequality.
10
 Example 2

Here are the steps on how to graph:

Steps Student’s Activity

1. Rewrite the linear inequality in two
variables into the form 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 = 𝐶.
2. Determine the x and y intercepts of
the equation
3𝑥 − 5𝑦 < −15 → 3𝑥 − 5𝑦 = −15
3𝑥 − 5𝑦 = −15
Let 𝑦 = 0, the x-intercept is -5.
Let 𝑥 = 0, the y-intercept is 3.
Meaning the line will intersect the x-axis
at (-5,0) and will also intersect the y-axis
at (0,3).

(0,3)
3. Plot the x and y intercepts on the (-5,0)
Cartesian Plane.

4. Decide for the plane divider if it is a Since the inequality symbol is <,
solid or a dashed line. use dashed line.
5. Use (0,0) as a test point. If it is TRUE Substitute (0,0) to 3𝑥 − 5𝑦 < −15
then shade the half-plane containing 3(0) − 5(0) < −15
that point. If FALSE, shade the half- 0 − 0 < −15
plane which does not contain (0,0). 0 < −15 , False
Meaning the half-plane does not
contain (0,0)

3𝑥 − 5𝑦 < −15
(0,3)

6. Graph the inequality (-5,0)

Is (0,3) a solution of 3𝑥 − 5𝑦 < −15? No, because it falls on the dashed line.
Is (-3,2) a solution of 3𝑥 − 5𝑦 < −15? Yes, because it falls on the shaded half-
plane or region. These can also be verified by substituting it to the
inequality.
11
 Example 3

Here are the steps on how to graph:

Steps Student’s Activity

1. Rewrite the linear inequality in two
variables into the form 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 = 𝐶.
2. Determine the x and y intercepts of
the equation
5𝑥 − 2𝑦 < 12 → 5𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 12
5𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 12
Let 𝑦 = 0, the x-intercept is 2.4.
Let 𝑥 = 0, the y-intercept is -6.
Meaning the line will intersect the x-axis
at (-2.4,0) and will also intersect the y-
axis at (0, -6).

(2.4,0)

3. Plot the x and y intercepts on the

Cartesian Plane.

(0, -6)

4. Decide for the plane divider if it is a Since the inequality symbol is <,
solid or a dashed line. use dashed line.
5. Use (0,0) as a test point. If it is TRUE Substitute (0,0) to 5𝑥 − 2𝑦 < 12
then shade the half-plane containing 5(0) − 2(0) < 12
that point. If FALSE, shade the half- 0 − 0 < 12
plane which does not contain (0,0). 0 < 12 , True
Meaning the half-plane contains (0,0)

(2.4,0)

6. Graph the inequality

(0, -6)

Do (1,1) and ( -2, -3) belong to the solution set of 5𝑥 − 2𝑦 < 12? Yes,
because they fall on the shaded half-plane or region. These can also be
verified by substituting it to the inequality.

12
 Example 4

Here are the steps on how to graph:

Steps Student’s Activity

1. Rewrite the linear inequality in two 3 3
𝑦 > 𝑥−3→𝑦 = 𝑥−3
variables into the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏. 4 4
3
𝑦 = 𝑥−3
4
3
The slope is 4 and the y-intercept is -3.
2. Determine the slope and y- intercept
Meaning the line is inclined to the right
since the slope is positive, and the
graph will intersect the y-axis at (0,-3)

3. Plot the y-intercept on the Cartesian

Plane the move y units upward then x (4,0)
units to the right (if slope is positive) or
to left (if the slope is negative) to
(0, -3)
locate the coordinates of the other
point.
Note: slope (m)= 𝑟𝑢𝑛
𝑟𝑖𝑠𝑒
From (0, -3), move 3 units upward then 4
3
units to the right since the slope is 4.
4. Decide for the plane divider if it is a Since the inequality symbol is >,
solid or a dashed line. use dashed line.
5. Use (0,0) as a test point. If it is TRUE 3
Substitute (0,0) to 𝑦 > 4 𝑥 − 3
then shade the half-plane containing 3
that point. If FALSE, shade the half- 0 > (0) − 3
4
plane which does not contain (0,0). 0>0−3
0 > −3, True
Meaning the half-plane contains (0,0)
3
𝑦 > 𝑥−3
4
(4,0)
6. Graph the inequality
(0, -3)

Do (-3,5) and (2,6) belong to the solution set of the inequality? Yes,
because if the graph is extended, they still fall on the shaded half-plane or
region. These can also be verified by substituting it to the inequality.

13
 Example 5

Here are the steps on how to graph:

Steps Student’s Activity

1. Rewrite the linear inequality in two
variables into the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏
2. Determine the slope and y- intercept
𝑦 < −2𝑥 + 3 → 𝑦 = −2𝑥 + 3
𝑦 = −2𝑥 + 3
The slope is 2 and the y-intercept is 3.
Meaning the line is inclined to the left
since the slope is negative, and the
graph will intersect the y-axis at (0,3)

3. Plot the y-intercept on the Cartesian (-1,5)

Plane the move y units upward then x
units to the right (if slope is positive) or
to left (if the slope is negative) to
locate the coordinates of the other
point.
𝑟𝑖𝑠𝑒
Note: slope (m)= 𝑟𝑢𝑛
4. Decide for the plane divider if it is a
solid or a dashed line.
5. Use (0,0) as a test point. If it is TRUE
then shade the half-plane containing
that point. If FALSE, shade the half-
plane which does not contain (0,0).
(0,3)
From (0, 3), move 2 units upward then 1
unit to the left since the slope is -2.
Since the inequality symbol is <,
use dashed line.
Substitute (0,0) to 𝑦 < −2𝑥 + 3
0 > −2(0) + 3
0 > 3, False
Meaning the half-plane does not
contain (0,0).

(-1,5)
(0,3)
6. Graph the inequality

Why are ( -1,2), (-2, -3) and (1, -1) not solutions of 𝑦 < −2𝑥 + 3 ? They do not
fall on the shaded half-plane or region. These can also be verified by substituting it
to the inequality.

You are now equipped with the skills in graphing linear inequalities in two
variables. Let’s now proceed to solving problems involving linear inequalities.

14
Lesson 3: Solving Problem Involving Linear Inequality in
Two Variables

Example 1
Janel paid at most ₱ 120 for apples (𝑥) and
oranges (𝑦) . If each apple costs ₱ 20 and an orange
costs ₱ 15. Give 3 possible combinations of the
number of apples and oranges.

Steps in solving the problem:

Steps Student’s Activity

1. Translate the problem 20𝑥 + 15𝑦 ≤ 120

• Guess & Check or

2. Plan on how to solve the problem • Graphical Method

• Try: (2,5)
20𝑥 + 15𝑦 ≤ 120
20(2) + 15(5) ≤ 120
40 + 75 ≤ 120
115 < 120, True,
so (2,5) is a possible combination.
3. If you choose Guess and Check
Method • Repeat the process with other
• Substitute an ordered pair (x, y) ordered pairs.
to the inequality if it is true then • These are the 3 possible
it’s a solution combinations satisfying to
20𝑥 + 15𝑦 ≤ 120,
(2,5), (1,4) and (3,4)

Note: You can also have other

combinations of ordered pairs,
satisfying the inequality.

15
Alternative Solution:
If you choose Graphical Method
then follow the procedure in
graphing for the equation format of
the inequality
• Determine the x and y intercepts
• Plot the x and y intercepts on the
Cartesian Plane
• Decide for the plane divider
• Test using point (0,0)
• Decide which half-plane to
shade
• Identify possible combinations
from the shaded half-plane.
If the method of solving the problem is not indicated, then you can use a
convenient method.
16
Since the equation format
corresponding to 20𝑥 + 15𝑦 ≤ 120 is
𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 = 𝐶, consider the steps in
graphing examples 1 to 3.
• The 𝑥 and 𝑦 intercepts are 6 and 8
respectively.
• The line will intersect the x and y axes
at (6,0) and (0,8) respectively.
• The plane divider is a solid line since
the inequality symbol is ≤.
• Test (0,0) to 20𝑥 + 15𝑦 ≤ 120
20(0) + 15(0) ≤ 120
0 + 0 ≤ 120
0 < 120, True
• The half-plane includes (0,0)
Graph the inequality:
Verifying the previous answer:
(2,5), (1,4) and (3,4). The graph shows
that the ordered pairs belong to the
solution set. You can have other
combinations for your answer.
The graph considers only the 1st
quadrant of the Cartesian Plane since
we deal with number of apples and
oranges.
 You are selling plants to raise at least ₱ 800 for a
Valentine gift. If plant (𝑥) costs ₱ 40 and plant (𝑦) at
₱ 50. Give 4 the possible combination of plants sold by
Graphical Method.

Steps Student’s Activity

Translate the problem 40𝑥 + 50𝑦 ≥ 800

Follow these steps in Graphing since
The equation format of the inequality is
𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 = 𝐶
• Determine the x and y intercepts
• Plot the x and y intercepts on the
Cartesian Plane
• Decide for the plane divider
• Test using point (0,0)
• Decide which half-plane to
shade
• Identify possible combinations
from the shaded half-plane.
• The x and y intercepts are 20 and 16
respectively.
• The line will intersect the x and y axes
at (20,0) and (0,16) respectively.
• The plane divider is a solid line since
the inequality symbol is ≥.
• Test (0,0) to 40𝑥 + 50𝑦 ≥ 800
40(0) + 50(0) ≥ 800
0 + 0 ≥ 800
0 > 800, False
• The half-plane does not include (0,0)
Graph the inequality:

The 4 possible combinations of plant(x)

and plant (y) are:
(20,5), (15,5), (10,10) and (5,15)
You can also verify these by substituting
each ordered pair to 40𝑥 + 50𝑦 ≥ 800.
Note: You can have other
combinations.

17
 Lizzy has at most 290 beads to make a jewelry. A necklace
(𝑥) requires 60 beads and a bracelet (𝑦) requires 20 beads. If
Lizzy makes 5 bracelets, what is the maximum number of
necklaces she can make?

• Translation: 60𝑥 + 20𝑦 ≤ 290

• Solving for the maximum number of necklaces: (x,5)
60𝑥 + 20𝑦 ≤ 290
60𝑥 + 20(5) ≤ 290
60𝑥 + 100 ≤ 290
60𝑥 + 100 + (−100) ≤ 290 + (−100)
60𝑥 ≤ 190
60𝑥 190
≤
60 60
𝑥≤3
• The maximum number of necklaces is 3.

A car rental charge is ₱ 300 per day plus an additional of

₱ 20 per mile travelled. If his budget is at most ₱ 540, what is the
maximum number of miles be travelled?

• Representation:
Let 𝑥 = number of miles travelled
𝑦 = amount paid for rental
• Translation: 𝑦 = 20𝑥 + 300 ; 20𝑥 + 300 ≤ 540
• Solving for the maximum number of miles travelled
20𝑥 + 300 ≤ 540
20𝑥 + 300 + (−300) ≤ 540 + (−300)
20𝑥 ≤ 240
20𝑥 240
≤
20 20
𝑥 ≤ 12
• The maximum number of miles travelled is 12 miles.

18
 I Can Try

A. Directions: Select the linear inequality in two variables and the linear equation
in two variables.

2𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 10 𝑦 = 2𝑥 − 2𝑥 + 3
2𝑥 + 5𝑦 < −10
2𝑥 + 5𝑦 − 5𝑦 < 10

B. Directions: Translate each real-life situation into mathematical sentence then

tell if
it is a linear equation in two variables or a linear inequality in two
variables.
1. The sum of her age (x) and her mother’s age (y) is 78.
2. She pays at least ₱ 350 for a kilo of calamnsi (k) and 2 kilos of
ginger (g).
3. Hope bought two blouses(b) and a pair of pants (p). She paid not
more than ₱ 720 for the items.
4. To qualify to the next level of competition, the 2 contestants
combined score must be a minimum of 30.
5. Their budget for food and education is ₱ 35,000.

C. Directions: From the graph below, determine if the ordered pair is a solution or
not.

1. (1,2) _________________
2. (1, -3) _________________
3. (-7, -3) _________________
4. (0,5) _________________ 𝑦 > 2𝑥 + 5
5. (-9,1) _________________
6. (-4,5) _________________
7. (-2,5) _________________
8. (2, 5) _________________

9. ( -8, -4) _________________

10. ( 0,0) _________________
19
D. Directions: Match the inequality with the graph. Write the letter that
corresponds to your answer.

2
A. 3𝑥 − 2𝑦 < 12 B. 𝑦 < 3 𝑥 − 2 C. 5𝑥 + 2𝑦 ≥ 10 D. 𝑦 > −3𝑥 + 4

___________1. ___________3.

(4,0)

(-1,4)

(0,1)
(0 , -6)

__________ 2. __________ 4.

(0,5)
(3,0)

(2,0)
(0, -2)

20
E. Directions: Sketch the graph of each inequality. Use light-colored crayon in
shading. Write 4 ordered pairs as possible solutions, one for each sheet per
animal.

1. 𝑦 > 2𝑥 − 3

2
2. 𝑦 > − 3 𝑥 + 1

3. 2𝑥 − 3𝑦 ≤ 6

21
F. Directions: Select the letter that corresponds to your answer.

For numbers 1-3. The sum of two positive integers is at least 15.

1.Which mathematical sentence represents the situation?

A. 𝑥 + 𝑦 ≥ 15 C. 𝑥 + 𝑦 > 15

B. 𝑥 + 𝑦 < 15 D. 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 15

2. Which graph represents the situation?

A. C.

B. D.

3. All are possible combinations of solutions EXCEPT-----

A. (5,13) C. (7,8)
B. (−5,20) D. (9,10)
For numbers 4-5. One number is two more than 3 times the other
number. Their sum exceeds 15.
4. Which mathematical sentence represents the situation?
A. 𝑥 + (3𝑥 + 2) > 15 C. both A and B
B. 𝑥 + 𝑦 > 15 D. neither A nor B
5. Which of these is a possible solution?
A. (2, 8) C. (3, 11)
B. ( 5, 17) D. (1, 5)
6. Before the COVID 19 pandemic, Jamela had a birthday party which
cost ₱ 9 000 plus an additional ₱ 100 for each invited guest. Her
party expenditure was less than ₱15,000. What is her maximum
number of guests?
A. 42 C. 60
B. 59 D. 65
22
 I Can Assess

A. Directions: Write the following in its respective column.

2𝑥 − 7𝑦 < 2 3𝑦 < 4𝑥 + 3 2(𝑥 + 1) + 𝑦 < 4

5
𝑦 > 𝑥+2 4𝑥 + (−4𝑥) + 𝑦 = 3 2𝑥 − 2(𝑥 + 3) + 𝑦 = 5
4

𝑦 = 3𝑥 + 4 2𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 𝑦 ≤ 3 7𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 𝑧 + (−𝑧) = 2

Linear Equation in Two NOT Linear Equation in Two

Linear Inequality in Two
Variables or Linear
Variables Variables Inequality in Two Variables

B. Directions: Complete each statement.

1. The graph of a linear equation in two variables is a __________________

while the graph of a linear inequality in two variables is a
__________________.
2. The symbol used for equation is _______________ while for inequality are
________________________.
3. Both linear equation in two variables and linear inequality in two variables
have __________________ solutions.
4. 4𝑥 + 5𝑦 ≤ 20 is an example of __________________________________________
while 4𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 20 is an example of _____________________________________.
5. The plane divider of the graph of 4𝑥 + 2𝑦 < 16 is a _______________________
while in 4𝑥 + 2𝑦 ≤ 16 is a _______________________.
6. Point (0,0) satisfies the 4𝑥 + 2𝑦 ≤ 16 , meaning the graph includes
______________.

23
 7. In sketching the graph of 4𝑥 − 8𝑦 ≤ 24, here are the ordered steps.

a. Rewrite 4𝑥 − 8𝑦 ≤ 24 into _________________.

The x-intercept is _______________.
The y-intercept is _______________.
The graph crosses the x and y-axes at _____________ and ______________
respectively.
b. The plane divider of the graph of 4𝑥 − 8𝑦 ≤ 24 is a ___________________.
c. After substituting (0,0), 4𝑥 − 8𝑦 ≤ 24, you conclude ___________________
and the half-line that you are going to shade
_____________________________________________.
d. Present the graph here.

e. Write 5 possible solutions of 4𝑥 − 8𝑦 ≤ 24.

C. Directions: Solve the problem by following the given steps.

The total amount Joan paid for 5 kilos of rice(x) and 2 kilos of fish(y) is at most
₱ 600. Suppose a kilo of rice costs ₱ 50, what could be the greatest cost of a
kilo of fish?

• Translation:
• Solving for the greatest cost of a kilo of fish, ( _____, ____ )

• The greatest cost per kilo of fish

24
 I Can Do More

A. Directions: Complete the table by writing the answer on the respective cell.

Linear Equation in Two Linear Inequality in Two

Point of Comparison
Variables Variables

1. Symbol/s used

2. An example in
𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 = 𝐶 form

3. Description of Graph line

4. Number of solutions

B. Directions: Sketch the graph of your sample linear equation and linear inequality
In two variables in A.

1. linear equation in two variable 2. linear inequality in two variables

.

C. Directions: Write 4 solutions of the equation and inequality based on its graph.

25
 D. Directions: Formulate a problem involving linear inequalities in two variables.

1. The problem must be real-life, themed new normal in 2021.

2. The equation format for the inequality is 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 = 𝐶.
3. Show complete solution of the problem.

Scoring:

3 points -Problem presents the required information

2 points -Problem is solved correctly

26
 27
I Have Known I Can Try I Can Try
1. B A. E.
2. C Linear inequality in two
3. D variables 2𝑥 + 5𝑦 ≤ −10 2.
4. B Linear equation in two
5. D variables 2𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 10
6. B B.1. 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 78
7. A 2. 𝑘 + 2𝑔 ≥ 350
8. B 3. 2𝑏 + 𝑝 ≤ 720
9. C 4. 𝑥 + 𝑦 ≥ 30
10. B 5. 𝑓 + 𝑒 = 35000
11. C Items 1 & 5 are Linear All points on the shaded
12. B Equations in Two Variables half-plane are solutions but
13. A while 2,3 & 4 are Linear does not include the points
14. D Inequalities in Two Variables on the plane divider since
15. D C. the inequality symbol is >.
1. Not 6. solution 3.
2. Not 7. solution
3. Solution 8. not
4. Not 9. solution
I Can Do More 5. Solution 10. not
A. From left to
Right D.
1. D 2. B 3. A 4. C
1. = ; ≠, ≥, ≤. >
,<
E.
2. answers vary
1.
3. half-plane All points on the shaded
4. infinite; infinite half-plane are solutions
including the points on the
B. Depends to the plane divider since the
answer inequality symbol is ≤.
in A no.2 F.
C. Depends to 1. A
the graph 2. A
in B 3. B
D. Depends to All points on the shaded 4. C
the answer half-plane are solutions but 5. B
does not include the points 6. B
on the plane divider since
the inequality symbol is >.
Answer Key
28