Noakhali Science and Technology University Department of Pharmacy B. Pharm Professional (Year {1 Term 1), Examination, April-2019 Course Title; Pharmaceutics, Course Coe: PITAR 2103 Full Marks-70, ‘Time -4 hrs, Credits-3 swer any seven (7) out of nine (9) including question no.1 1 MCQ (Separate sheet) 1 @. Af Define Preformulation with yportance in designing a new dosage form. 3 AT Particle’s size, shape & surface area has a great impct on Preformulation Studies-Justify. 4 sx Classify Drug Stability Profile, . ' | @ What do you mean by Micromerities? Give its pharmaceutical applications. 142 cle size, 3 Briefly illustrate the Sedimentation Technique to determine pi What are the Factors that havea great nuengs on packing geometry? Explain. 4 f Define Polymorphism. Give an outline how crystallization affects the formulation of a dosage form. 142 Differentiate between Physical & Chemical Degradation of drugs. 3 Discuss about -i) Isomerization & Racemization, ii ) Decarboxylation & Oxidation. 242 3. a)_ Define the following terms -i) Nuclear Pharmacy. ii) Formulary iii) Pharmacopoe! 3 Write down the Drug Ordinance ,1982 & Dangerous Drugs Act -1951 ma %) Give the importance of Prescription. <8 9) Ifa pediatric vitamin contains 1500 units of vitamin A per milliliter of solution, how many units of vitamin A would be administers to a child given 2 drops of the solution from a dropper calibrated to Geiiver 20 arops per ml of solution. . . How many grams of boric acid should be used in compounding the following prescription? 4 Rx Phenacaine Hydrochloride 1% ‘Chlorobutanol A Boric acid qs. Purified water ad. 60 Make isotonic solution, Sig. One drop in each eye. ©), A person is to receive 2 mEq of sodium chloride per kilogram of body weight. If the person weighs [3] 4 132 Ib, how many milliliters ofa 0.9% sterile solution of sodium chloride should be administered? & Exemplify macromolecule. Write the pharmaceutical importance of polymer, 142 Classify co-polymer with suitable example. 2 }) Classify polymer based on method of polymerization, How addition polymerization is occurred? 243 8. a) Write physical properties and pharmaceutical uses of following substances (any two)- Citic acid, 2x2 i frogen, Paraffin. b) Compare between emulsifier, w9yfing agent and solubilizer. 142 ©) Classify coloran¢baskd on its origin. Write about stdbiljty of colorant, 2H 4 a) Calculate the change in pH after adding 0.04 mol of sodium hydroxide toa liter of a buffer solution containing 0.2 M concentrations of sodium acetate and acetic acid, The pKa value of acetic acid is 4.16. b) How many milliliters of a 1% stock solution of a certified red dye should be used in preparing 40003 mL of a mouthwash that is to contain 1:20,000 w/v of the certified red dye as a coloring agent? ©) How many millixters of 85% w/w phosphoric acid having a specific gravity of 1.71 should be used in 3 preparing 1 gallon of 4% w/v phosphoric acid solution to be used for bladder irigation? r“ “Noalkhiali Science and Technology University Department of Pharmacy B, Pharm (Year—Hl, Term-1) Final Examination, 2018 Course Title: Pharmaceutics : Course Code: PHAR- 2103 se ellt) Full mark: 70 Time: 4 he Answer any seven (7) out of nine (9) includ MCQ (Separate sheet) a) How much water should be added to 4000 of 90% wh aleohal to make 40% wiw alcohol? b) What is the weight, in grams, of 2 1, Oz. of a liquid having specific gravity of 1.1187 ¢) From the following formula calculate the quantity ‘of each in ingradient required for | gallon of compound benzoin tincture. Benzoin 100 gm Aloc 205m, Storam __80 gm Tolu Balsam 40 gm Alcohol to make 1000 m : a) Why drug-drug interactions are a very important parameter to study before drug prescribing? b) “Oxidation is chiefly a problem with stock solutions", narrate it and state some ways (o protect drugs from oxidation, ©) What are the manifestations of physical incompatibility? How the problems of insolubility should be corrected? 1) “All polymers are macromolecules but all macromolecules are not polymer". exemplify why? b) Write short note on: Co-polymer, biodegradable polymer. ©) “Polymerization is a step by step process”: explain it. 3) What is meant by preformulation study? Show the relationship between — (i) solubility with pH i) Stabifity with particle size (iii) Flow property with particle size b)_“Dissolution rate is an important parameter to stu Why? ©) Define polymorphism. How drug's bioavai is affected by polymorphisin? idy during formulation of a solid dosage form” a) Define prescription. Describe various parts of prescription. b) What is Fe ? Write down different kinds of prescription error. a) Define excipients. Write down the advantages and disadvantages using excipients in pharmaceutical preparations. b) Mention some excipients thal are used in tablet preparation? ©) What are surfactants? Write down their properties with examples. @) Write the properties and pharmaceutical uses of following excipients (any three) - i. Wetting agents ii. Diluents iii, Chelating agents iv. Glidants _v. Emulsifying agents a) Define Stoke's law? How do you estimate the time and the rate of sedimentation of a suspension by Stoke's law? Give an ideal example. b) Mention some particle size (micrometer) Xat are used in pharmaceutical disperse system. ©) Asample of Kao¥n powder with a true density of 2.5 gm/em’ and weighing 130 gm was found to have a bulk volume of 75.0 cm? when placed ina 100ml * graduated cylinder. Calculate the porosity. 8) Define the angle of repose. How do you measure it? Give a chart of various powder flow properties with a relevant angle of repose (degree). b) Write short notes on Hausner ratio and Carr's Index. ¢) How do you evaluate the size distribution of particles in a suspension using Andreasen pipette? 10 banNoakhali Science and Technology University Department of Pharmacy B.Pharm Professional (Year-Il, Term-I) Examination, April-2019 Course Title: Pharmaceutical Microbiology Marks : 70 Course Code: PHAR 2107 Time +4 hrs Answer any seven (7) including Question No. | 1. MCQ on separate sheet What do you mean by pathogenicity and virulence? a { Microbiology is a field of biology - Justify. Write a short note on-“Spontaneous generation versus Biogenesis”. a t State and explain the germ theory of discases. ria. Mluminate the principle of immunization against chicken cholera bacte @_ Write down the causative agents of the following infectious diseases: i, Whooping cough ii. Plague Summarize the characteristics of typical bacterial ceX structures. Discuss various physical requirements necessary for the bacterial growth. Give the examples of bacteria classified by cellular respiration. How are bacterial cells reproduced by conjugation process? Why are E. coli and Streptomyces called beneficial bacteria? OS a t Explain briefly the economic importance of bacteria in Industry. a b c. Compan between light field and dark field microscopy. d. Suppése you want to observe the live bacteria from drinking water. Design a work procedure. AC a. Define the term superantigen. A© Give an idea on adaptive immunity. ¢. “Tolerance represents an essential protective mechanism of body” - Explain with the view of immunology. A Write the immunological roles of different kinds of blood cells. What is HEPA filter? Write the uses of this filter. Wrice the principle of sterilization by autoclave. Mention the pros and cons of autoclave over the other types of steriSizer. 9. a. Whatis nai and opportenistic mycosis? Give example. a t What are meant by disinfection and sanitization? b. Write about phyxiology and uses of yeast. c. Discuss the differential. features of major five types of fungi. w wunn weNoakhali Science and Technology University Department of Pharmac . yy B.Pharm Professional Year — It Term — 1 Final Examination: May - 2018 (Session: 2016-17) Course Code: PHAR 2107 Course Ti icrabi eT una Cre ees ile: Pharmaceutical Microbiology Full Mad cluding question no. OL MCQ on separate sheet, ° and said that the product is 1+2+2 which one would be the best nd disadvantages of your a) Suppose your teacher has given you a product to sterilize thermolabile. Among different types of sterilization technique for the steritization of the product? Mention the advantages @ selected sterilization technique. F 3 b) Make a list of the factors that affect the moist heat sterilization. 2 ¢) Differentiate between dry heat and moist heat sterilization. 8) Once you were caught cold and after suering fortwo or three days you recovered naturally. +3 What was the reason of your automatic recovery? Define the term and classily it 2 b) Distinguish between endotoxin and exotoxin. 2x2 c) Compose short notes on — (i) virulence (ji) toxoids 4) Among different methods of microscopic observations which one is mostly used for routine |+2+2 microscopic work? Outline the principle wih advantages and disadvantages of the method. b) Discuss different types of staining techniques used in microbiology to visualize microorganisms. 5. a) Whatis virioids? Produce a list of the general characteristics of viruses. 143 b) Characterize different steps of lytic cycle of viruses. a 4 ¢) Mention some diseases which are caused by animal virus, plant virus and bacterial virus. 2 6. a) Suppose one of your friends is suffering from Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever. Propose the | 1+243 name of the responsible pathogen. What other diseases are caused by this pathogen and how it can be diagnosed? b) Write a short note about pathogenic yeasts. 4 a) ‘Gram negative organisms are more imminent than Gram positive organisms’ - Explainit. 3 b) Discuss various physical requirements necessary for the bacterial growth. 4 ©) Give the comparison between Archaebacteria and Eubacteria, 3 a) Explain briefly the economic importance of bacteria in industry. _ 3 b) How bacterial cells are reproduced by conjugation process? 3 ©) Illuminate the exponential phase and decline phase of the bacterial growth curve. 3 d) Give the examples of beneficial bacteria, 1 a) State and explain the germ theory of diseases. 4 b) What is pure culture? How Rabies vaccine was made from a rabid dog? 143 c) Write down the causative agents of the following infectious diseases (any four): 2 i, Anthrax ii, Meningitis iii. Gonorthea iv, Whooping cough v. Plague vi. Fowl typhoidNoakhali Science and Technology University Department of Pharmacy B.Pharm Professional (Year-t1, Term-1) Examination, April-2019 Course Title : Physiology-It Matks : 70 Course Code : PHAR 2105 Time :4 hrs Answer any seven (7) including Question No. | 1. MCQ in separate sheet . £ Synapse can be formed between any two processes of neurons- Justify. . © Write down the role of calcium ion in chemical transmission of nerve impulse. @ What is interneuron? - a. Why is phosphorylation of glucose essential for glucose metabolism? b. Krebs's cycle plays a vital role in transamination- Justify. c. Define coupled reaction in metabolism. 4. a. Transfer of body heat to surroundings can be occurred in different mechanisms- explain. Discuss the role of hypothalamus in regulation of body temperature. Define core temperature and shell temperature. Write down the effect of autonomic nervous system on glands of our body. Indicate important differences between hormonal and neural controls of body functioning. Explain how is hormone release regulated? Identify the structural and functional relationships between the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland, c. - y What is glial cell? Discuss different tyes of sodium-potassium pumps. 7. How are the thyroid and parathyroid glands linked anatomically and physiologically? Using diagram, indicate the roles of the hypothalamus, adrenal medulla, and adrenal cortex in the stress response. How could an iodine-deficient diet lead to goiter? 8a, Trace the path of blood flow through the kidneys. b. Identify the characteristics of a countercurrent mechanism, and explain its role in concentrating the urine. c. Compare the intrinsic and extrinsic controls of the glomerular filtration rate. Bo § Compare the functions of the reproductive system in males and females. Summarize how hormones regulate the male reproductive system. Diagram and give the timeline for follicular development from primordial follicle to corpus albicans. = BRB Naan wi hen wa 3.5 35 3.5 aCourse Title: Physiology-I Course No. : PHAR-2105 sity Noalchali Science and Tech: nology Uni Department of Pharmacy B. Pharm (Honors), ¥-11, ‘Terml (session 2016-17), Final Examination, 2018 ‘Time: 4 hrs Marks: 70 Answer any seven questions including 0.1 Reo we { u MCQ on separate sheet. a. b. c =P p = Discuss the organization of nerve from single neuron. A minimal voltage change is essential to kick off nerve signal Discuss the mechanism of signal transmission through electric ignal initiation- Just al synapse. What is interneuron? : cattol 2 Why cholinergic receptors are named as muscarinic and nicotinic receptors? Discuss the mechanism to transport glucose through cell membrane, Write down the classification of neuron based on number of processes: tatory or inhibitory"- “Adrenergic receptors can perform dual functionality as exci Explain. Why Krebs cycle is essential for both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis? Define shell temperature and core temperature. What is coupled reaction? Why metaboli¢ reactions are called coupled? “Hydrogen ions are the main source of ATP formation in metabolism”- Justify. Identify the chemical classes of hormones, and give an example of each Diagrammatically represent how steroid hormones affect their target cells. Explain how the hypothalamus controls the actions of the pituitary gland. Indicate the general functions of parathyroid hormone. Outline the growth-promoting and metabolic actions of growth hormone (GH). Explain how are the thyroid hormones synthesized, stored, and secreted? Give a schematic view of a nephron depicting the structural characteristics of epithelial cells forming its various regions. Identify the changes in the osmotic concentration of the glomerular fltrate as it passes through the renal tubule. Explain how micturition occurs, and how it is controlled. State the general functions of the male and female reproductive systems. Outline the process of oogenesis. Identify the regions of the uterus, and outline the uterine cycle. wen awd wn wen ow we aNoakhali Science and Technology University Department of Pharmacy B. Pharm Professional, (Year II Term 1), Examination, April-2019, (Session: 2017-2018) Course Title: Pharmacognosy - II, Course Code: Phar 2101 Full Marks-70, Time ~4 hrs, Credits-3 Answer any seven (7) out of nine (9) including question no.1 2 a) b) 3») ) ® » & p ) 6. a) b) 7. 3 8 a) b) 9 MCQ (Separate sheet) Mention the properties of Essential Oils. i What are the different methods for obtaining Volatile Oils? Discuss the Extraction process for obtaining Volatile Oils with its limitations. ‘Write a short note on- Digitalis. Write down the pharmaceutical uses of Resins. . a “Nature is a great source of Herbs that are used as Health Foods"-Logically explain with examples. Give a brief discussion on the source, constituents and uses of Camphor & Capsicum. Differentiate between Resin & Tannin. Write down the chemical & physical properties o| “Peru Balsam & Tolu Balsam are a great source o| f Resin. ; ff medicinal constituent - Explain. Define and classify Glycosides. How the presence of Glycosides Write a short note on Peppermint chemical constituent & uses. can be detected in plant? oil & Spearmint Oil with their biological source, es of the following ‘Write down the biological source, chemical constituents'and ust iv) Stramonium alkaloids (any three): i) Belladonna ii) Ipecac iit) Nux Vomica ‘Opium is a great source of alkaloids’-explain. Define tannins. Differentiate between hydrolysable tannins and condensed tannins. Write down the identification tests for tannins. “Catechii and nutgall are great source of tannins’- explain Write down the poisonous effert.of | hemlock and foxglove on human body. “Tobacco possesses more harmful effect than its beneficial effect’ justify. ‘Nature does not exist only beneficial plants but also poisonous plants’- Justify. Define glycosides. Classify glycosides on the basis of sugar moiety. How glycoside can be synthesized? Write a short note on Aloe. 242 2 3 2,542.5 2 2 343 2.5x3= 75 2.5 142Noakhali Science and Technology University Department of Pharmacy B. Pharm (Honors), Y-11, Term-t (session 2016-17), Final Examination, 2018 Course Title: Pharmacognosy -[] Time: 4 hrs Course No. : PHAR-2101 Marks: 70 Answer any seven qu ms including Q.1 1. MCQon separate sheet. 10 2%. a. Mention some name of cardiac glycosides. How do cardiac glycosides work? . 2 b. Classify cardiac glycosides with cxamples based on atoms involved in glycosidic 2 linkage. ¢. Write the biological source, structure of active chemical constituents and uses of 3x2 White squill ifference between volatile oil and fixed oil? Write down the 1+2 % a. What is the basic physical properties of essential oil. . How do you extract essential oil from plants following enfluerage and steam 2+2 distillation processes? ; ; What are the biological source (including family), chemical constituents and 1x3 perfumery uses of following plants? isSandalwood ii. Camphor iii. Peppermint ca 9 How do you identify cardiac glycosides in a plant? Write down the biological source (including family) and chemical structure of following compoun i, Glycyrthizic acid ii. Rhein anthrone L.5x4 oP Gentiopicrin iv. Barbaloin Write a short note on Saffron. 2 ° % a. Write scientific name with family, chemical constituents, and uses of following 2x4 spices:- i, Coriander ii, Cinnamon. iii. Clove iv. Nutmeg What are the major chemical substances and uses of Eucalyptus oil? Nv b. © Why alkaloids are difficult to define? ® How can you identify purine alkaloids? ¢. “Alkaloids are important for plant by different aspect” Justify. 4. Classify alkaloids based on their basic Chemical structure, wenn a) State basic biosynthesis pathway of alkaloids, 3 Write a brief note on plant used against glaucoma. 2 “Opium has important pharmaceutical necessity” Justify based on its chemical 3 compositions. ds Classify agents used against pest with example, 2 SopEMAKDATE Sciencg and Tech, mn olog Department of py RY University B. Pharm Profe, arma ssional Final p, “ey G ee nal Examinati . vearts-70 arse Tile: Biochenisteyt Counce t2 1), 2019 - le: PHAR 2109 Anewer an ions § : Y SeVen questions including question no,t Times 4 rs no, 1 MCQ on separate sheet © sar Draw thee : Dr "e ring structure for glucose F isk and i i syne! is linked with salctose nev toinge the chair and boat conformation of glucose, 2 40 ¥0U know about lactose intolerance? Gh fe remedy, ; Gluc coed i © Give the ane thesized in the body from non-carbohyddrate source. Explain, 4 Tt fructose metabolism pathway, 3 Differentiate between starch and glycogen, i iti absorbed inhuman, Why? nn BUSSEES. Although celsose i carbohydrate but its no 3 One fine the terms (i) Immunity (ii) Immune system (ii) Immune response (iv) Immunology Classify immunity. Differentiate between Humoral and Cell mediated immunity ©) Give the properties of adaptive immune response. d) /hat are the non specific host defenses? DP Give the basic structure of a cell, ym yearn lain the fluid mosaic system of membrane. Write a note on lysosome. 6. a) Define the following terms- hyperplasia, dysplasia and neoplasia. b) Write the name of 4 genes mentioning their function and types of cancers causes in the mutated 4 form of those genes. ©) What are the causes ofa malignant tumor? 3 7. a) Discuss the WHO grading system of cancer. 4 6) What’do you mean by TNM? 1 ©) What is a procarcinogen? Show the process of conversion of a procarcinogen into an ultimate 3 carcinogen with a reaction. ¢) What are the different screening processes of cancer? 2 8. a) What is a mutation? Discuss the missense and frameshift mutations, 142 b) Differentiate between genetic polymorphism and mutation. 2 ©) Show the hydrogen bonds between i) adenine and thymine i) cytosine and guanine. 3 d) Draw the structures of dATP and CTP. 2 a) Define bioinformatics, gene, promoter and genome. ; 4 b) What isthe size of the human genome? If one person reads a base pair per second how many years 2 required for him to read the whole human genome. , oy c) What are the different risk factors for the development of cancer? 4) Enlist the different tumor markers.Dey B.Pharm Professional Year — We Course Code: Pj ™m ~ : PHAR 2109 Time: 4 hrs Course Full Mark: 70 MCQ on separate sheet, 10 2 a) Define ji it it i ) ae and immune system. What are the properties of adaptive immune 142 3 bad does MIIC-I1 be linked with antibody production by lymphocytes? 3 me the principal cells involved in immunity, Give their respective functions. 4 3. " ° immunoglobulin, 2 b) Breastfeedixg, especially colostrum, is important in relation with immune response of — 1+2 Reonates. What immunoglobulin is present in colostrum? Give its properties. ©) Explain the hybridoma technique for antibody production. 3 4. a) ‘Carbohydrate breakdown starts in mouth but halts temporary in stomach’ Do you support 2 the notion? Give explanation for your acclamation. b) Where does glycogen stored and how does it breakdown? 3 °) Wha svll happen if galactose is not metabolized properly? Explain how does galactose 243 metabolized? 5. a) “Glucose has low tendency to non-enzymatically glycosylate protein’ ~ why? Write down 142 the name of different glucose transporter with their roles. ») Define the terms with example. (i) Epimers, (ii) Enantiomers, (iii) Dissteriomers 3 ©) Why does phosphorylation occur at C-6 rather than C-1 of glucdse during the first stage of = (43 slycolysis? Give the steps of glycolysis. 6. a) Define mutation. Discuss different types of mutations. s b) Differentiate between genetic polymorphism and mutation. 2 ©) Write the structures of ATP, ACTP and cAMP, 3 7. a) ‘Gene regulation is significantly more complex in cukaryotes than in prokaryotes’- explain 4 cane i this statement with proper justification. b) Discuss different structural characteristic of mRNA. 3 ¢) What are the significances of miRNA and siRNA? 3 8 a) Dr. S is working as a researcher in an anticancer drug development company. He has 3 : pany. identified an abnormal protein that causes the colorectal cancer. If the sense strand of the DNA from where the target protein develops is 5’-ATTCGGTCATGC-3", what will be the oligonucleotide sequence that has to be developed by Dr. $ to block the translation to the target protein? b) Explain the process of conversion of a normal cell into a malignant neoplasm by a diagram. 3 c) What are the different risk factors for the development of cancer? + 3 d) Enlist the different tumor markers. 1 9. a) Explain the WHO grading system of cancer. ; 4 b) What are the major biochemical changes that occur in a tumor cell? : ¢) How does the Herceptin act as an anticancer drug?