Module Capsu Ethics 3 6 PDF

CAPIZ STATRE UNIVERSITY - MAIN CAMPUS
INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT

Roxas City, Capiz, Philippines
ETHICS
CHAPTER IV
DEONTOLOGY
LESSON OBJECTIVES
After reading this chapter, you should be able to:

1. Discuss the basic principles of deontology;
2. Apply the concepts of agency and autonomy to one’s moral experience; and
3. Evaluate actions using the universalizability
CHAPTER 4
NAME:_____________________________________ COURSE/YEAR:___________________
DATE:________________________ SEMESTER:______________________
ACTIVITY
Articulate observations on yourself. (5 points each)
1. For you what is Duty and Obligation?
2. Think of at least five duty and obligation in your life .
Duty and Obligation Duty and Obligation

(Own understanding) Examples
ANALYSIS 10 points each
1. What is metaphysics of Moral? How does it help us?
CAPSU-IT DEPARTMENT: ETHICS [m.l.v] 2

ETHICS
LET’S UNDERSTAND
Deontology is a theory that suggests actions are

good or bad according to a clear set of rules. Its name
comes from the Greek word deon, meaning duty. Actions
that obey these rules are ethical, while actions that do
not, are not. This ethical theory is most closely associated
with German philosopher, Immanuel Kant. Deontology
refers to any of a class of moral theories, the most
noteworthy of which comes from the influential
philosopher Immanuel Kant, which argue that there are
some moral obligations that obtain absolutely,
irrespective of the consequences produced.
Duty-based ethics teaches that some acts are right
or wrong because of the sorts of things they are, and
people have a duty to act accordingly, regardless of the
good or bad consequences that may be produced. Some
kinds of action are wrong or right in themselves,
regardless of the consequences.
Kant’s moral law is based on “rational will” – the will which is entirely devoted to, or guided by
impartiality and universality of action. Kant’s Metaphysics of Morals has two distinct parts: the “Doctrine of
Right” and the “Doctrine of Virtue.” Right concerns acts themselves independent of the motive an agent
may have for performing them, virtue concerns the proper motive for dutiful actions. Right actions are
determined based on the moral principle of Universality. The Doctrine of Virtue addresses duties by
establishing that there are certain ends which it is our duty to have – “duties of virtue.” Moral excellence
can be achieved by acting in accordance with these ends.
Kant conceived of virtue as a strength or will to fulfill one’s duties despite internal and external
obstacles. Kant believed that to be full virtuous is to have a good will that is firmly resolved and fully ready
to overcome temptations to immorality. Although we can never fully achieve it, we have a duty to strive for
it. For Kant, the highest good consists of perfect virtue and well-deserved happiness together.
Heteronomous moral thinking weighs the outcome of the action to

determine how bad it is. The higher the magnitude of the consequences, the
worse the action is and the worse the person should be punished. Autonomous
moral reasoning takes into account the intent of the person committing the
action.

ETHICS
o Kant viewed the human individual as a rationally self-conscious being with

"impure" freedom of choice: ... That choice which can be determined by pure reason
is called free choice. That which can be determined only by inclination (sensible
impulse, stimulus) would be animal choice (arbitrium brutum).
o Substantive moral principles, identified in terms of their distinctively moral content, are
distinguished from formal moral principles, which dictate a certain form of practical
deliberation, and some results of confusing the two are examined.
o Enlightenment Morality versus Paternalism - Enlightenment morality is your duty
as you are creation, not someone placed into creation as someone separate from it.
While the Paternalism is non-sense, in that as an enlightened group of human beings.
CHAPTER 4
NAME:_____________________________________ COURSE/YEAR:___________________
DATE:________________________ SEMESTER:______________________
APPLICATION AND ASSESSMENT
1. What is the difference between autonomy and heteronomy? What does autonomy
have to do with free will in contrast to animal impulse? (10 points)
2. What is meant by enlightenment morality as opposed to paternalism? Why is

deontology a kind of enlightenment morality? (10 points)

ETHICS
CHAPTER V
VIRTUE ETHICS
LESSON OBJECTIVES
After reading this chapter, you should be able to:

1. Discuss the meaning and basic principles of virtue ethics;
2. Distinguish virtuous acts from non-virtuous acts; and
3. Apply Aristotle’s ethics in understanding the Filipino character.
CHAPTER 5
NAME:_____________________________________ COURSE/YEAR:___________________
DATE:________________________ SEMESTER:______________________
ACTIVITY
Compare and contrast what is Character and Virtue, find the similarities between the two. (15
points)

ETHICS
ANALYSIS 10 points each
1. What is moral virtue? What is intellectual virtue?
LET’S UNDERSTAND
Character traits are valued aspects of a person's

behavior. Everyone has character traits, both good and
bad, including our favorite fictional characters. Character
traits are often labeled with descriptive adjectives such
as patient, unfaithful, or jealous.
Often, someone's character and personality are

intertwined. But, believe it or not, the two are quite
distinct. The easiest way to separate the two is to
say personality traits are surface-level observations,
Virtue is defined as: behavior visible from the outside, while character traits are deep-
showing high moral standards. Vice on the seated, not immediately obvious, and developed over
other hand is referred to as: immoral or time.
wicked behaviour. Typical virtues include
courage, temperance, justice, prudence, A new friend's outgoing, amiable personality can
fortitude, liberality, and truthfulness. ... be easily observed. However, her honest character will
Typical vices include cowardice, take more time to become apparent. You will have to get
insensibility, injustice, and vanity. to know her better to learn that her parents stressed the
Virtue ethics is a philosophy importance of honesty and she has taken those lessons
developed by Aristotle and other ancient to heart. This would make honesty one of her character
Greeks. ... This character-based approach
traits.
to morality assumes that we
acquire virtue through practice. By This also makes core values similar to character traits.
practicing being honest, brave, just, They're more than surface-level observations; they're
generous, and so on, a person develops guiding principles for life. Let's take a look at some
an honorable and moral character. character trait examples and learn how to recognize the
many variations.
 Eudaimonia (Greek: εὐδαιμονία [eu̯dai̯ moníaː]; sometimes

anglicized as eudaemonia or eudemonia, /juːdɪˈmoʊniə/) is a
Greek word commonly translated as 'happiness' or 'welfare';
however, more accurate translations have been proposed to
be 'human flourishing, prosperity' and 'blessedness'.
 Telos (/ˈtɛ. lɒs/; Greek: τέλος, translit. télos, lit. "end, 'purpose',
or 'goal") is a term used by philosopher Aristotle to refer to the
full potential or inherent purpose or objective of a person or thing,
similar to the notion of an 'end goal' or 'raison d'être'.

ETHICS
 Mesotes (μεσότης, Greek "middle")

is a term from ancient philosophy
that was introduced into ethics by
Aristotle . According to Aristotle, it
describes the position of a virtue
between two opposing vices,
“excess” and “lack”. One example is
the virtue "ἀνδρεία" (andreia).
-is what practical wisdom identifies as the
right action.
-the middle measure of an action, feeling, or
passion.  nothing is lacking or too much
from an act that is morally good. A morally
virtuous person: • is concerned with
achieving her appropriate action in a.
manner that is either excessive nor deficient.
 Arete (Greek, the goodness or
excellence of a thing) The goodness
or virtue of a person. In the thought
of Plato and Aristotle virtue is
connected with performing a
function (ergon), just as an eye is
good if it performs its proper
function of vision. This is its telos or
purpose (see also teleology). Arete is
an ancient Greek
word meaning excellence or virtue.
The arete of something is the highest
quality state it can reach.
Using arete as a principle for living
life means that you are focused on
the quality of everything you do and
experience. When most people think
of virtue, they look at moral virtue.

ETHICS
CHAPTER 2
NAME:_____________________________________ COURSE/YEAR:___________________
DATE:________________________ SEMESTER:______________________
APPLICATION AND ASSESSMENT
I. Answer the following questions thoroughly.(10 points each)
1. What is the difference between moral and intellectual virtue? Explain.

2. Who do you think possess a moral character in your community? Explain your
answer.
NARRATIVE REPORT (100 POINTS)

ETHICS
1. Go online and list down various sources that can help you understand the different issues on
pornography. Identify the topics being discussed by these sources.
2. Discuss the possible implications (positive or negative) of the patronage of pornography to
the development of one’s character.
3. Discuss a different topic within the scope of sexual ethics and explain how this might affect
the development of one’s virtuous character.

ETHICS

ETHICS

ETHICS

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CAPIZ STATRE UNIVERSITY - MAIN CAMPUS

INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT

After reading this chapter, you should be able to:

Duty and Obligation Duty and Obligation

ANALYSIS 10 points each

1. What is metaphysics of Moral? How does it help us?

CAPSU-IT DEPARTMENT: ETHICS [m.l.v] 2

Deontology is a theory that suggests actions are

Heteronomous moral thinking weighs the outcome of the action to

CAPSU-IT DEPARTMENT: ETHICS [m.l.v] 3

o Kant viewed the human individual as a rationally self-conscious being with

APPLICATION AND ASSESSMENT

2. What is meant by enlightenment morality as opposed to paternalism? Why is

CAPSU-IT DEPARTMENT: ETHICS [m.l.v] 4

After reading this chapter, you should be able to:

CAPSU-IT DEPARTMENT: ETHICS [m.l.v] 5

ANALYSIS 10 points each

1. What is moral virtue? What is intellectual virtue?

Character traits are valued aspects of a person's

Often, someone's character and personality are

 Eudaimonia (Greek: εὐδαιμονία [eu̯dai̯ moníaː]; sometimes

CAPSU-IT DEPARTMENT: ETHICS [m.l.v] 6

 Mesotes (μεσότης, Greek "middle")

CAPSU-IT DEPARTMENT: ETHICS [m.l.v] 7

APPLICATION AND ASSESSMENT

I. Answer the following questions thoroughly.(10 points each)

1. What is the difference between moral and intellectual virtue? Explain.

NARRATIVE REPORT (100 POINTS)

CAPSU-IT DEPARTMENT: ETHICS [m.l.v] 8

CAPSU-IT DEPARTMENT: ETHICS [m.l.v] 9

CAPSU-IT DEPARTMENT: ETHICS [m.l.v] 10

CAPSU-IT DEPARTMENT: ETHICS [m.l.v] 11

CAPSU-IT DEPARTMENT: ETHICS [m.l.v] 12

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