PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDER

MOOD DISORDER.
INTRODUCTION
A mood disorder is a mental health problem that primarily affects a
person’s emotional state. It is a disorder in which a person
experiences long periods of extreme happiness, extreme sadness, or
both. Everyday life is a roller coaster of emotions. You may feel on top
of the world one day because of a high-profile promotion or an
awesome grade on a test. Another day, you may feel down in the
dumps due to relationship problems, financial troubles, or because
you got a flat tire on the way to work. These are normal fluctuations in
mood that come and go. When your mood starts to have an impact on
your daily activities and in your social, educational, and vocational
relationships, you may be suffering from a mood disorder.

It is normal for someone’s mood to change, depending on the

situation. However, to be diagnosed with a mood disorder, symptoms
must be present for several weeks or longer. Mood disorders can
cause changes in your behavior and can affect your ability to deal with
routine activities, such as work or school.
CAUSES OF MOOD DISORDER.
There may be several underlying factors, depending on the type of the
disorder. Various genetic, biological, environmental, and other factors
have been associated with mood disorders.

Risk factors include:

 Family history
 Previous diagnosis of a mood disorder
 Trauma, stress or major life changes in the case of depression
 Physical illness or use of certain medications. Depression has
been linked to major diseases such as
cancer, diabetes, Parkinson’s disease and heart disease.
 Brain structure and function in the case of bipolar disorder.

BEHVIOURAL MANIFESTATIONS OF MOOD

DISORDER.
If you have moods disorder your general state or mood is distorted or
inconsistent with your circumstances and interfere with your ability to
function. You may be extremely sad, empty or irritable (depressed) or
you may have periods of depression alternating with being
excessively happy.

TYPES OF MOOD DISORDER.

 Major depression – Having less interest in usual activities,
feeling sad or hopeless, and other symptoms for at least 2
weeks may indicate depression.
 Dysthymia - This is a chronic, low-grade, depressed, or irritable
mood that lasts for at least 2 years.
  Bipolar disorder - This is a condition in which a person has
periods of depression alternating with periods of mania or
elevated mood.
 Mood disorder related to another health condition -  Many
medical illnesses (including cancer, injuries, infections, and
chronic illnesses) can trigger symptoms of depression.
 Substance-induced mood disorder -  Symptoms of depression
that are due to the effects of medicine, drug abuse, alcoholism,
exposure to toxins, or other forms of treatment.
TREATMENT FOR MOOD DISORDERS.
Mood disorders are treated primarily through medications and
psychotherapy. Even with treatment though, it is uncommon for mood
disorders to persist throughout a lifetime or to come and go on
occasion.
Typically, antidepressants and anti-anxiety medications are
prescribed to individuals coping with mood disorders to alleviate
emotional distress. Even with medication though, most mental health
providers recommend them in combination with psychotherapy.
Psychotherapy, or talk therapy, is focused on changing thought
patterns and behaviors. Cognitive behavioral therapy is often
considered the benchmark therapy treatment for individuals living with
mood disorders. It has been found to have significant positive
treatment effects and in some cases psychotherapy.
Some mood disorders such as bipolar depression are usually treated
with lifelong medication of mood stabilizers combined with
psychotherapy. In addition, the severity of some mood disorders may
cause hospitalization, especially if the affected individuals has tried to
inflict harm on themselves or others or have thoughts or attempted
suicide.
REHABILITATION MEASURES.
Apart from medications and therapies, rehabilitation also forms a part
of the most effective treatment for bipolar disorder. It includes
residential rehabilitation as well as follow-on care and counseling.
 Holistic Treatment -  It facilitates wholesome treatment with
professional assistance including medication, cognitive behavior
therapy, psychotherapy, biofeedback, etc. They offer varied
 programs revolving around healing anxiety, managing stress,
learning codependency, enhance coping skills among other
benefits.
 Monitoring -  The trained staff can help regulate daily
medication, therapy sessions, sleep schedules, etc., to establish
a normal routine.
 Round-the-clock support - Rehab ensures 24/7 medical
supervision while receiving treatment. Constant supervision
allows close. Monitoring of a patient’s condition, symptoms,
progress and suggests quick modifications in treatment if
needed.
 Prevention of Relapse - Continued therapy helps avoid any
chance of a relapse as a result of discontinuing medicines. The
coping strategies and skills learned at therapy can help the
patient throughout life.
 Build a support network -  Rehabilitation centers also offer
and create a solid support system for many individuals suffering
from the same mental disorder and are seeking therapy.

They aim to provide stabilization programs to keep an individual

motivated to continue the treatment with as little disruption as possible
for a healthy life.

DONE BY- ROSHANI CHAUBEY

CLASS- XII B2