Solutions Digital and Analog Communication Systems - Leon W. Couch - 8th Edition US

STUDENT SOLUTIONS MANUAL
United States Edition

FOR
Digital and Analog

www.elsolucionario.org
Communication Systems
8th Edition, United States Edition
Leon W. Couch, II
2013
Pearson Education, Inc.

One Lake Street
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
PREFACE and ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This Student Solutions Manual for Digital and Analog Communication Systems, 8th
Edition (United States) contains complete solutions for the homework problems in the
8th Edition that are marked with a i. If the problem is designed for a MATLAB
computer solution (as denoted by a computer symbol), then a MATHCAD printed
solution is shown in this solutions manual. (MATHCAD solutions are shown since
they clearly display the algorithms used and the output takes up less space.)
MATLAB m files for these problems can be downloaded from the internet websites
maintained by the author located at
http://lcouch.us
or
http://www.couch.ece.ufl.edu
In the textbook, a computer symbol is used to indicate that MATLAB solutions are
provided for that material, although those homework problems marked with a
computer symbol but not including a i are available only to the instructor from
Pearson/Prentice Hall. This website is located at
http://www.pearsonhighered.com/educator/catalog/index.page
This solutions manual was prepared by Leon W. Couch, II, with the help and valuable
suggestions of many undergraduate and graduate electrical engineering students at the
University of Florida. Their assistance is greatly appreciated. Several graduate
students worked out solutions or contributed problems with solutions; they are:
Samel Celebi Lawrence K. Thompson

Brady E. Gaughan Yeong-Cheng Wang
Charles S. Prewitt Ching-Jang Wu
Thanks also to Ronald F. Smith who wrote the original code for many of the
MATLAB M files.
The author values your comments and suggestions. Also, for future editions, new
problems and problems with computer solutions are welcomed. Please send them to:
Leon W. Couch, II, Professor Emeritus Phone: 352-376-0108

Electrical and Computer Engineering Department E-mail: couch@ufl.edu
4057 N.W. 37 Terrace
University of Florida
Gainesville, FL 32606 October 12, 2011
CONTENTS
Student Solutions for :
Chapter 1 -- INTRODUCTION 1
Chapter 2 -- SIGNALS and SPECTRA 5
Chapter 3 -- BASEBAND PULSE and DIGITAL SIGNALING 31
Chapter 4 -- BANDPASS SIGNALING PRINCIPLES and CIRCUITS 50
Chapter 5 -- AM, FM, and DIGITAL MODULATION SYSTEMS 64
Chapter 6 -- RANDOM PROCESSES and SPECTRAL ANALYSIS 97

Chapter 7 -- PERFORMANCE of COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
CORRUPTED by NOISE 117
Chapter 8 -- WIRE AND WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS 134
APPENDIX B -- PROBABILITY and RANDOM VARIABLES 144

STUDENT SOLUTIONS MANUALwww.elsolucionario.org Digital & Analog Comm. Systems
(United States Edition) 8th Edition, L. W. Couch, II
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n
f
n
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1
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•
20

21

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k
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o
lit
k
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n 1
f ;- fo 1li1f
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o
o 4()7
G
O~046
o
___..... cc - 0.018
o
o 01
(b)
P : _ :2 L: c:2 - c
n
2
0
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-c()
1
Volcag6 Spectrum Power Spectra~ Density

0.$ 0.2.5
o T y
()
o f .4
n
22

2·72
t4: 5 t-1
N ~ ",,:2 N .. 12 k ~ ... '0 •• N - 1
dt: :~- t pi' k dt sin (x) ]

N )it Sa (x) p if [ x ~O'-x--.l
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o
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k
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f
n
:= -
T
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T
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n
t,(qj r'f!Jedts
f~} iefft(Vl
3.173
2.5
~.071
,,13 ,,14
[ 1.203 10 +3 • .216 1 0 i
ce
- 6*336 10
14
i
-0.223
+ 3.226 10
-14
0.102
-12 .. 12
-2.1.1S 10 - 1.086 10 1
~O.062
~'14 -14
2.10$ 10 + 3.201 10 i
0. 045 1
1.?6? 10
-.14
• 3.256 10
~14
i
I
~O.Ol6!
-15 -14
9.714 10 .. 3.232 LO
0.032
-13 .. 12
-5.456 10 - 1.634 10 i
-0.031
-is "'14
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• ••
•• •
23
r- -

Power Spectral Density

12
o~~~J~______________~
o f 8
n
24

3 3 ~
Rl =~ 1.5- 10 R2 I;;;;; 15~ 10 C :"100 10
f :-10,20 lJ .10000 j :- ~"1 lU

Rl + R2
R2
H{f) ;- ------~~----. 11m .' 0.,667
eRl + R2), ... j~2" ... ·f~ lU" JU·C
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'H(fl l ]
ze'log [ . • ... t(t) :- [':;-1 arg(R(f))
~
o
-10 ~ ~~.""--P-+~""""""-+---+--i
dI(f) e(t)
·-'21
-30
10
"\ "
,~~~~--~~--~~
R1+R2
f3dB:- - - - - f3dD .. 318.31
2'1r' Rl R2' C
25

1
1 2 -87
Lttf .~.~.~ IH;uf

Tt) J:. ""1
S'lk~ W4V~ ~.
a..-
Yl!-J11 rl.J~ ed by tA tl. t:t,H )-ley- s~ n~J ;
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i1~-~
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]
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a..hJ the. I~Plt r~t'~ ~f f~e. . .r,'II-e.... is f'104l.
M.w tedl.(ce. +h.e 0"+"",+ ~~"e'r Set-jet it:)
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hi hev4.., (\ (t 'J\
JJo ::... \) ~ "11,<.. "0.:: V
aile! 1)'1: 1.1 Jill,,: 2./ #{",)~I ,11'>' D
26
o~ tJn~ 2/ i~~{fjll~, '~::1 ~ JI+fw(h1T) , h=bJq If
~'1 :-. Ld" ,::. L1..H{IffJ~ ~ -t:,(f}l1rf"'!1' It=D~4

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11~1
f)" CJ>S(It ~i +rp~)
h= Ddt(
fo :- 300 f1 :; 1500 n :- ~,3 . 11
4
t fa 0,0.00005 .0.004
D P I I I I _ _
27

~--.
;1!'t L.-J <
Dn cos[n :2 • .fa t . . .
n
(0.)
fo lOO
..... .....
yft)
I-
I
\ 1'--.....
(b)
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o t 0.0<>4
(C)
fo
1.
y(t}
o t 0.004
28

12-90 w.= ~ ~li()O ~ fa;;: ·2.0·

.&
......... ·2···. .·
.' -.:.. l{S'Of>L ~ S-~<)
7& '7 -tf) 1:It 7t
7; .: TJ" ~ I..
-:f. .:,
... 0 ~ fr:.2!."'''~i.
1
2 92
H 6 M
rill
If .» 2 N" ,".tit ::010 0 . ~N" 1 Tl 10 Ttl
Tl
dt !~
N
at :;:$ 0.156
o t Tl
k
tefft!w)
n 1 1
t :-- fa : -
n 1"1 dt
o
o
n
29

I 2-100 I ~ Ci): A ) .(.. . ~ Sir) :: 10 [ s.. (lIf~)]f-
tV Us•.,. reMlh I~ 1-(,1 11.) ~ :;. .~I!ttr= fY::>
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Vi:
~ 1r~ 1; ~o.ft ~ 5'1,.::--1;·.....j.~q :; O.38/'n.
we
30

Chapter 3
A :- 1 fl := 2500 f2 ;- 4000
t :- o,aoo •• 5000
Wl(x) :;;;; If( Ix' <11,A.,0)
Wl(x)1- [f2-: fjJ (jxl - fl)' (+(lxl - tl) - tOxl - fl»
W(f)
o
o 5000
-6 1
T := 50 10 'rS· ;-
·f$
Naturally-sampled PAM
n f" -5,-4 •• S Sa(x) : ..

i f [lit " 0, Si: CX),1]
f l*' -50000,-48000 ... 5;0000
Ws(t) f" d- L (sac!!' n tt») -wet - n' flO)

n
)SAGNITUOI SPJ:c:RtII {Natural).'1 Sa1lDle4CJtUl}
t"'t
,
,
"';.."
J
..,i,...,
J I
o "\ r~ i
, ~ ~ r\ Ii
-50000 f 50000
31
If(f):- f' Sa(7f'" f)
watt) :.. [;]. H(f) · L Wff - n flil)

n
S. . next ~far plot
....
JQQIfITDDI . SPEf:TRDK (Flat ..J
.C8se)
,..~
~
tWO(!)I
" I
"\AA! \ f
o "\ f: r\1\
A. A A l \ i A ~
-50000 50000
1 3 -7 IU~iV\"a C~-I1))
~
Ws «)= ~ff\i W(~~,)

\ s K.=-~
whet'e. Itlf) \s*~specrf~W' of ~~
Md.v\e ~~.,.J.u etAt'. ode d ~<.A Ise } ("'1:1:. \ .
32

Htf\ ~ -~ Ts ([ - f"s wT~ .1

wTy~
W.l(.x) %-i.f(lxl ,< f1,1.,,0)
$42 (X) :- . . u . -1\ ]

... . . .... .,. (Ixl - f2) (.,(Ixl - f l ) - . ( Ixl: -t.2)
[ .f2 ... fl
W(x) ~. WI(X) + W2lx) 2

W(f) ~.J-~.
o"'~~
o f
33

fs := 10000
fa
Wa(t) 1- [~l B(t')· >: n

If(f - n ta) o _~
o
___
f
~-.t
0.8
tWs(f) I
O ............-.LiiII!~~~~--'"-..........~~.t...W~~...........~...;......J
-'50000 50000
0... ~ ~ re.t"", th 1i~ i.... ~b. '"$-8.

VI > ). ~21~,i s;) ~ ~:~>2 1<lJ." ( ~ )
::; ~t~b
(Jt') Fer t..M"~ /><'. M. £) "- ~
8';. ('3.-7if-) t:>::. "IS

Ii- f'"
).f'c t" g. .-A ,'J\
==';> g.::;. J} : :. ~oo He

34
1
3 - 12 1
(G\~ t;? 1 ~ l(PUi):: 'f.b (~

fi... f'" 1)~--"; If ;'4... .. 1'GJ.{ SJt~J
~ -10 ~ ~ ''I..1trl ~It '-IF ~i1s)
~ f"~ :::.
g,:: :Ill'> /".ttuyll!J~
11'1(" ~J! :: Jl fb. = ~ti'" ,J.
(1lo~1 ::.=_5,='211= . ·. .~-: : : :.~
OJ till.; 9)
{fJ}~ :. 'blJrlli7JJ8 ': (..tIL{JS}Wlfl=,'1'f.. 77JP,.
13016 I(a.) Pe.""lo

A
~asoJ€
~. (~-IG.) (S)..J& -_/() Jd~
fJ to
[.. ~M ~
I t-l/-{r,VI~-/) Pe
VV\::. 2. ~ ievel$
~. \1\'" 4- = (i; )IlYT ::. 2S.1./ J g
.A:: ~... : f!=.)..
.f.o r ~=-i . . . ,tv ~:'"
:: <:''5.4 J /$
<I••
_~ M::' 2 ~=- ~2. It.uer~
tb.) (~: Z{c.7frJr):; 'S.lj k~~~
stc
"The. ~ f"-r.t H.. ( o -c 1'D~i.j;\o of 'f4Ae. ~I)\ x
~()e. Spe.~~WI ts : x
B::. %:: ~
IA -t-r.:= !:l~ltJl:.):o 2/ ~H~ ~ IS
35

1
3 -20
O~-~-'-"'"--"--_-a.--_.........,
-30 dB -5
~{tI at input. in em unIts -->
36

1
3 -2 5 1
t4l~D ® -hr~:e riHtt/J.,j uil1r r:: ~7j, )
.,
/l¥{f) I:: t fA\7j!1Tf jr{{-~K) (':i:;~~
37

3-2:5 CPrI'cl t
aHa( +4e. redlUt,...l(d-. ~ s~ If ?:tbk1--z..
fI (f):;: AL" r':!:-z.) [J . , e-j w~ t eJ wl.l" ej ~~J

~Ch:3i 1~~t) [Ii e-J'I-Ie1i'f: -IttJi "1J
.• .:liE .:;. !L... l:!.
To 1;87;.
FOI- R2 ,..,/-/4 til .f~i.s /toe t::bHf es

1;;.:"
'1 . (.... Si~ (Ii ~") .~.... -j'f . ..,jlf[. -.j~1r1l'.1.·

c/t:rr A \JIJ;1f.33 rJ
1/
LI-f e + e +e J
38

3~2'l . . c.o~tJ rJ.

f'br H.e. (CLSe l>f: t..: t 7i" f~iJ be())Jl1-e.s
ffl): 1I~14 [·~/"(!f~~.). . 7. ~

1- . (Pif,) j
iii
.. ..,.....
I
j"' l
The n;"sr-nM.1( ha.4tlwielfh IS 1?""II::: t ;: 21(

A~ -lAG ktuJ"';4:f~ effi~~1tcy it 1= t {f,,!/ldj /k.
(h) £,It~V\ (3- 36) CQ.h ~,"i>

be. 'fled· ·ib6voi.t«lhe PSI)
~ R-t. ""4.Ifd. ~ 1';-';
D
WherL 1Lc j4u.II'- sh&jJL if
94l1"'l1 I" tJ.e -Niver
. ..... . .. .... · Wl1
rff)= z(t:r~f1l eJ~{ ~e-v % J
:}
,
rtf)"& J l 1: (f;}!f7. ) J'i~(~)
M.n11j (3-lJ.O) and @-~, -lheP~ (..... ~erfe I- .n .,~~ ;11
PIf).: 1- ;~l''' [1':r'ff]2. f!,;, UrP:lJ~

..r.f 7: ~ -:9: t) -N,N kf)llfiU
dll;j= *4).4 [·~~~"')1~ [:I;,~rr)]l.
.
14e. -"u."
~,.,ldfl, II- ~11:;t: 1fR.
4Itetf
(,j,.st
.fire, .r.Pdr41 e:ffit.U4CY it '! ~~keo//Ik •
39
=,
1
3 -31 A := 1 R := 1 f := 0,0.05 •. 5 1
Tb :-
The PSD for unipolar HRZ is given by (3-39b) And consists of both
tl. continuous spec:t.rua .and. a discrete $pectt'Uiit .. 11le. c~ter cannot
plot: inf.inite values for the delta funot1c:>n$1 so . plot: the ",ei,ghts
oltbe deltaf'unetiollS :instead •. -mus. (3-39b) w11l. be broken i,nto
two functions, one for the continuous spectra.l plot and one forth..
discrete spectral. plot:.
PIJNRZc (1') , - [A2 - ~l (Sa (n f "I'bH

2
POmtZ(f) :- PUNaZC ( f ) . PUNR2d (f)

0.5
PUNRZ(f)
o
()
\www.elsolucionario.org
Use (3-41) for Polar URI spectrum:
2
PPNRZ(f) :_ [A Tb]CSa(1t f- Tb» a
1
Rkr~~
PPNRZ(f)
\
0
0
\ --
..-.
f S'R
The PSt) for unipolar RZ is 9~iven by {l~4J} and consists ot both a

cont1m.lous. &.-ctrum and .at discrete spectrum. '1be cCJt1'Plt:er cannot
plot infinite valuesf'·orthe <lelta functions. SO plot theweigbts
of the deltafWlCtionsinste.ad" ThUs (3-43) will be broken tnt.a two
fUl1Ct.101lS 1 one lor tbeconti..:nuo\ls spectral plot and one for the
d1:::(::}2~'[sa[. f :]f
l1ClRI'4W :- if[tIIOdlt .R) " 0.0,::. [Sa[" f :'](]
40

3"-:3\ PURZ(f) :- Ptllt'C(t) + PUR.Zd.(f)

Colft'J 0 .. 2 r - - - - - , - - - - , r - - - - - , . - - - - - r - - - - ,
PURZ(f)
Using (3-45) thePSD for Bipolar RZ is:

2
A~ [~l {Ba[" t:~]]

2
PBIIZ(t) i- (sin!" f TbH
0 ... 3
...
PBR! (f)
/\
o V\
o
~
-
f
A :- '1
o K _ _ _ _ _ _ ~ __ ~ __ ~ __ ~ __ ~~-------- __ ~
o f
41

3 -39
1
(4.)
1 4se ~ rl!,pc/f ~
»Z ].31/",,~ (1-):: i.11."~,,~).:S.~'f ~ Urq.It:::t./;,il'l~
Ifr" 3-'.
1;::1'6.:: S:1Jt.N; ~ flltv;f lft,=-t(s.'Mi,) !2.ifA"~s/~~ l;
1M L::B= l"=t j:3&tlbltJ 1J.1_l1..t iJiI/#1:,t! - 'D," B'" ,L J

.( ~ 3ldhZi-'ol - I y j. "
lC.I1J:;~ ""1W..~b£.IIf#~&W ~ '8:~ ~ S,IfUII:. • f'~
13-40 IJ..: B=2f .. .L:j

WJ): L
~
;j .. :: ;. 1. 21.r,,,,'J,&,t:.:..
13 -43 ~.)
f :- 0,10 ... 1000 fs := 1000
o.. 008
tJineT" fa." Ct... 0.004» -:a)"if I t
8ft) :.. ' " , ' e dt
J •
.0
'I fa {t - O,,'OG4}
o~--~--~--~----~--~
o flOOO
(I..) ..fkc. ~rf, .~, ..u,~ ~4 C., +~t.

CAWAi pt,r'df-i,.ql~ iT :I.: SI/-b IIf
1k 1»"J.,tlf4 ~ 4AtJ h."t:AIll.1 frJlerir ~1.. -Ii :.fi?f!ffc
42
43

/3-50 I M'=- ,,, -= l'" .. h =4

~) 11~'c.., ~,/.:= I I ~:: J1.J; ':Ilo 4{ ~J>
]:. . :;. ,'J.( '1-* . -:. 5 .33 A·
Ii-,. II- l>.$ ·
(~) rn.~ {etJ £-- f:. .~" ': . /.33 ut}

'D....
C qiJ f
~ --"-
{; -
-
1433~ ~. r-.
V
/....
f(J
2 ' 1.'),
n~
~:~ 1.. ~'''.'':
J ..; -
2.
13 -52 Ip.J L; 11. =- 'I- ~ I. ': 2..
J)::..R/..€-=-- ~
tbJ 1-::'1 (I+r-)J wbeJ>e y.=~;. b '9: '8--\ -:.BGcI!i

9 It'dB ~t {t+DXb ;.. i{J'1bfl) :::: ;~lJt) &:
(c)
8 ,---::./:.(J.l.t<):P"L t (f+().,}(n.ob)~{b.o~)
~ (E:£U ~ ~~ ()t> II~
Q
44

3 59
1
\0..) t Vt.l\t l ~"-8t)
.\. .'. _~Llt.rr.r:
aT... . ·.·.·.,A .)• .1'(\

r ~ ~. 11
:l rtkl'J~ t. ... '::. I
.A··
~ ~
We, l1~d +0 d-et~!.."Vl~ .~~. f; wh,(hthe

ck,,~\ CA~ qlAt'p't>rt-. AS'-3"JUflI~, -tkJ. '"
r-:.~ rvU-ofr fAC..-ror u.ted ) +he4\ .s
f,r ':.. j) ::. J.~ '=- 1 (I If ) -::... lx ,I \).~ Sokt,
~e(...
~ ~. ~ .JJr (~.~) tt}

1)(1~~
,b.)
45

\3-61
W.l(t) :- 3· sln,(2·".-t) W2(t) l-if( (I tl - 1 ) $ 1,1,0)
W3(t) 1- IfClt - 11 $ lilt - 11 - 1,0)

l , J
wl(t) w2(t) w3 (t)
o t J
n:- 0 .. ,,62 t
n
:- ,,-If k :- 0 ... 20
klEk) t- l'k k3(k) t-3 k + a
8;
kl(k)
:- Wl[t. kl (kl:] S
k3(k)
l[t: k3(k)J,
: ••
:I
• ,0 .........~~~....~...............,..........,..........-~~~........-................,.".,...~~~
o t :5
n
13 -6 3 1@l1~(,' antt/bi: I'/f~J ha..r '\ hl;4er+

frf1I(t.lfC.1 trf t ~ 3-"#6
~7h~ MilfiiffUIn. ~aHffli..,-fl.~~(y {1y. e~c~ ~h4lo,..

S"lt~"l ;s. k:,.2:~ I~ 'f.*c
46

~J 1(efe;r/1I1 +0 (3-g) , Th~ J'4HJI'kJ TlJAr .r11~t11 is

fP ~
~HJ:. :2 WiU7S}l, ~-J.1i) +I.2. ~ (JJ,)J~{t-'" r., J

4,'=--o'bt :... cO
where 1, (i;) tJLJu:1 1.,.W I /.0 Jt1W
't,.~ .! tr.w~ Ii, -t~e. 1Jt.'t"
47

1
3 -66
~" 'PC", ~ok... R.':11'%:' ~W: .m i £jh~

i=17hllJ. ~----
I;:UtI ~ "" I) Ilt...dds
ft=4 ~,'e
JO'·~eJ
liii"\ 'R.; 2.If. A.m~ /S'eL.
t. "eii
T,III Okt).
48

[ 3-70
tcij r~r PCt\\ " W:: Q dl~'~~ ~'S "" i; \A.red

:S;;t\t.e 0.""1 u{ +ht l.S'G ",ess,,~e.S c.-.h ~ tertt,s~~
8
b'l ~~ (:\:) '::. .L ~iJ ~..J tL)
\1::'1
W~tNe. ~i ~ -:;. ± \ .r~.... blVadr'1 p (JJ1,

r.o :. '.. I ,
lO~..t··
:::.0.. 1 S"QG/
.... '"
M~ q, e
. '.
:B =. 1.1. L. . .''" ):::. __2.,' lLL

\ "t: 0..1
). ::. ·l/-.f) U,£
,
tt,) For 'fl'PM tt 1.)::. 1S-~ Ji.,,~.rivn~1 Sf ~
f-s \.tS .eot :~,
Sit,) ::.. ?~"I

S4J ~ {t] kI~ {~~i{;
~f{·:') =- i C;.~'1 : . jJ,:-8b •
49

Chapter 4
/4-3 / t4littt (1-uJ ktlflt -fk hel; ..fSee.A-~

c;..[;) ::. At:. MlfJ :. SD [ -;r(/-/006) f Jr{,,+ lOtto)]
suJ,:r-t; flHf' +his j~ (If-Is) Alttl HSilit f(-iJ,::,C{'!J

+4(t. Volt.. s,eclV'tlnt of J4iJ J"8-sc s'1 ( lIj
tS'f!) 1: -j 15 r(f-{-Ioot» -f J15' G(f-( -f /f>btl)
-J '1 b r (f"f,,:- J~M») +j 15' fer-f-r~ -+ I()~b)
IRCf}J
.
--%
50

LJ .. aCMti' J
(i,) r
iiiw.::: 1?e.. 1~ Wt'!{~h.:'}
~ 1,.(t} ::i'IWiJ..tV ~ Crl./:lJ:1: c,({}k.(()
airJ Atil.: J'" [k(r)]
41.10 J HIF}: t [K (r-f'v) -I k:~{-f-Ivn
~ I~ to ~ ?.) r.() I
Iff < 11t h...
{e(,~4lr~.
J.•
I!.vrJ,,<~ LtV: it
Jif;J ~ f 1t1].ttf~ .: Z"Br .JI1t{!r B.,
-[1 7t7rt}
~OW 4ft,J1,·tE.F A rr(;):: .t/ '0 :/~I~ h#e-} r

~ ~'-({):t'1llVtf~W =j(tl/;!"Bt ~lr~i_;h ~
L
Le...f ~I ~ 1TBr (t-l) ~ dA,::- 7t 'BrJ).
71Br(t-7f)
~ ,,..~):: .4~ [1'>.( (-J= riAl)
1ta,~V 1f~. 1t~ft-fJ
~ I[i".1ftJ,IHt;
f.· r 4. dI ]:.•
~ AI
- o}o,
. ...... . . . '. . . . ' •. "lit
I
* 'f~) :.f[+Ji[I1Br(~.qj-Jj[lIlr(1:-llJ]
q)J ~n): 1?~ f <j,..ff) -e J ut"1
51
.L/ '"' 9Col1i J J (1:,.)
Th~ J\r,J~) :;. {~ si0&r~+lj- S'i br 'R,.\t.~C\S~W..~

(C. ) Wh.e" R1 ~ *"
/lS).H.);:; tI sr["l1I(~'+O] -Si[lJ(¥--lD}c.~(Wc.i)
TA·l>f j\f pltt#.ed w;+h +~~ hi!lf bf -f~~ S; (\tt)
-fLAt1~t\~V), (Se<, f").3t. 0;: AbrArA()wlti: "Ad ~+ea"'''
f~'r !). d.t.rc.yj)l'thl\ bf +hC. S"i t~1 f'1oI1\c:f~".)
lkl~~ W\(1.{~ CI\J) We. ~-t:+:
A := 1 T :- 1 w :- 2 T'7 U:= 0,0.. 2 ... 12

Si{u) := JU sin {x}
--dx
x
t := -T,~ + 0.01 •• T
0 .. 001
Si(u) I
lF~
"' ~
-
/
I
o
o u 12
/\ i1 fl 11 nh
V2(t) AI" J ,~, Ill\.
~ \JV\J. V
-1" 5- A _ _ _ _- " ' - - - - - ' - _ " ' - - - - - L - - - ' - - - - L . . - - - I
-T t T
52
4·11
-3
Lt- 1",583 10
Ca) 1
eo t- - - - 3
fO .. 4·10
2·" JL.C
£0
8 .; . , - B 1l1li 391.881
Cb) f :- 3500,3504 .... 4500 rad.l rad

deg!!!. -'180
...
j 2·... f
H(l) ;- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
(j :I 11' f):2 + [~Hr';)' (j 2'11" f) + (:I ..... fO):2
1
';ref) := ef)
d -Z-wf
O.OO()4
v ~ ~
,aCf},
~
~
V
" ~~
i"-
o
3500 f 4500
90
--~----~------------------
-90 3500 f 4500
0.00006
T tf)
d
-0 .. 00006 ~-------"--------.........,
3500 45.00
53

if. --11 ('C)

.,
1 d
tf) :- - , .-. (9(f) rad)
('itla <1 -2-" df
T (I) I--~+-~~-+--
9
O~OOOl
3500 f 4500
(d .. ) The group delay variation over tn. 200 Hz $19n81

bandwidth (about 4 kHz) i. about 0,,2 msec. The pciotJ
ot it aoo Hz signal is 5 mec. 1'bus, the qroup delay
variation is negliqable and., consaquent.1Y the diat.ortiQn
is neg.ligable"
/4-14 /llt).rh)::: le.~be.f'l.t~+"Rtf~~~~~/n~~G4)t]

(e.f4:.1.
AA ell~}l ~u.t.fJ
R<. [ S'b\ln-J~jJ 51>b' 14- ... ').J. e
S{'t) ':. www.elsolucionario.org .·
~ "R~ {S'\\) ~tl~... :!l e~"'\:t } AM
I+Htti)
'9 t.l:ld -=;'€~\)-f 1.~\)t/2 ,w!'tJ
) .,!,. ffJ ~ O. tf-.si~: (kJ;;l;l:
(I:,.J xl:tJ -::.lelf~H ~ f()\)tUl~.r/~~~)) fW=-II$1 f~kJ} ~ 1b.
\C.} R(tr-I "Wl ':. fM\f1bl\1i~lf-.i) , 9{V= /!l1!l :: ~
(01.) f ~ t.Z~!~l1.> -::. * [tsOl)"-I" 2x1o(;~~~

~
54

1 4 - 15
Co.) S ~): Ioul ~ir\\wc.+ W~}t] -I- 5"'00 -l[ CAr Wei] -IOo1&i (Wc.-WC\I)t.]l1
~Sl~ : We k WDvJ +~a,.~
3- [si'1(w,.t)J~ -& r~{f-f)C)- b(f-l f,,)]
(
a, ~r(,Q~(W/<t) ~tr.'Cf-tJ()tbCr+f,J]
'fh~s 5 (.r) ~ -J 5tJ [d (of -(.(c+f~)) -f{f-f(fc,+fa.))] of 2S0[b{f -fe)+ {(f-ft;J]

-+J SO [r (f -(f;,-fo.) - &( f -t (;c.-fQ,))) J
~ ~(f):: 'lFo [nf -ft.) of rCft+::.)] (J)
+JSo [fEfifc.+t-) -&(f -ft.-£)t Uf .:-f2-t{'1r) -~fr+fc,~~2
a.) Le-t 'l- f:I:) -:. 500 +2. 01:7 S/~ ((AlD.+') · t;
Thtls H GO.It '-e. ~ h()IA)I) -t~Q,t 9 ff:) :: 11. e fi ~ e (Po. J =. r ft.) e-f If ~ ?
Y
I (; \r;:: 3- [~(of:J1 ~ .5"00 Hr) -J /D a [ref- 94.) -S" (.f1fc.,j)

Uo/rit ,s (r) ::f [G(f -{) tG~ (~f -fc,)] t ((.. f)::f(f)
rA' ~(f+fr,) I
:9 SUJ= "SO [.r(.f-{,)f f9r'-fc.J] GtF-IfGi;o.)
-,iSo (6"(f-fc.- fc..) -f~'[~ ) J
f~ftJ (O(f-{+f~) -~() ]
f(.ft fc. - fee.)
:9 8(f)= ?sO[lC-f-f(.) 1-[(f+t;J] (J)

:,
55

1 4 - 19
B :- 100 f :- 10,20 •• 1000 red • 1 red
deg. - 1 8 0
1 1t
Hlef) : -~.......... .............- - -
elCf) :- arq(lfl (r) 1

Tdl(t) : ,Slft)
-2· ...·t
1 1
H2(1) •• [1 _[if + O.765

1
.;J [1 _ [~ 2 • 1.848 j .;]
$(f) :~ arg(H:2(f»
92(!) : = i t ( f <loO.9(f),$(t) - 2-"1')
1
Tda (I) : - . €J2 (f)
-2-'S't
tll·1(!) www.elsolucionario.org
I , IH2(f) (
o
10
-360
10
0.006
Tdl (t) , -rcl2 (f)
o
10 1000
56

IIote: Yin (t) is tho Fourier seri.. t~a tr1anglovavefoJ:1l..

2 l
wut{t) :- 5- v.;iD{t) .,. .1.• 5- (vin(t)) +1.5- (vin(t))
volCt) ;= 5-vln(t)
8
vout (t) vol (,t)

Af
t
(J::h)
K :- 5
T
dt :- -
Jl
f :- ... f .. 0 .. 5 fa 1- - f a " 16
n ,. 1 dt
MAGNI'l"ODE SP£cmuJf ()f .t.be ()utJ)Ut
4 .
oout ... 3.375

o
:n
HAGNrt'UP•... ~tJM for ~ l>M"tof the outr:tut.
*'
o
o
I
57

J
A
..
\j l-I: \ -= 2. \j~ C-<JS(AuJ;t)
(\'eO •"-A. :
!
wke-f't t.A <;. IV\'\, (2...If G) .. ~.... . T.. ."

J 0 ) Toll.
\'",::.0 a-J. Cl... = \I", = ~\ '-J(f.) cc>s{","'.i)dt
-T_/z.
SiV\ c. e. w e o..te. 1'0 Iv- i-e re de d

)' v.. ".,. {o f" '" '!. ')
<')V\
we. t~ s",tt-t #t! 1Jt. /tvt I ct #e.. wa.ve ..

~fW\ ~ ""'"'- lee. #e. j", i-~,\{b. / ~.."i er io
~ d. ~ ~ f ~ V '"
e. Vbl-l<.A.a. k WI' n rt IM.<>. : '"
~ ~~e.. t:>.l' ~:fo .
='/ v} = f(~)\~~e:~ (
U~i\\6 (If-'T'1).--·_ _
~
..------_.
-z:
1\:=''2,.
\J rJt..'
X I()o =
" ,1.
58

XIOo
I 4-28 I .sll):.. A<.. [Ntij Ut NCU sil-tw(.'i.1

;:
-:. R~tAc.[MQ,)±·JAt~il ej~c:l1
7' t to"':.. 1\ c.. [to\l'*J tj ~ l<t} J-::. lUt) Lel:1).
O~r'uf bf bveitpe J)ei1r.(;f~ '1-$
-\rl>,*~~ KRl~) ~ klt~H
~ J\r"'4 . ~ tlt"Vn,"W"" :'').{i) ;e..k. htli)

The.. ~ 1~11' .tr+~ •
59
14-33
1 4 -35 I (a.)
Go(t): ett-..tf) + s,{f)
w~ Gt.(.f) ~ &cln[-I<,J F.tf\ F~('()]

(f) .!: e~(f\ -- ·KJ F, (() F~{+) Go(f)
$oU) [I +- ~J F, Fl.? : e,,(.f)

~,,(£! - __,_.- -- - -1 - -.
..
e~(+\ I + j(J tv F, (.()

--------.-:--L--___. )2ltf
60

Lf-3 5(~·)c~\a
e4>{t)
-- ~
(6.) F Lf)= .- _
... _\ ..,
\ +~ { I{,
)
.
eolf)
\ + ~A ~"
S2lr-{ (\ f l f 1..(,)
~ ~1t-( ( I +,; f lof, )
j~ii{ (H ~ {.({.) -I- f::J ~v
_\_. S ~'tI'.( ( I + ~ -((of,)
t:::J. tv J + ~ ll1'i _ Zlt +l.
\Cclt:: v l!! I!v f «
~ Z1t+ (ff j{/{.)

I + j l r.( _
+~
(£).
+to\
2
w~..re f tA::: #(d/(.vf.

llt
61

I 4-37 I la.) .f.. S~~~

* ~ .f~ ~ 7 M
~--..
~--...
v."lt\ \It ttl _ __
L PF ~----------t
f~= ~MH~
(b.)
f::.f~ ~
A4 S'""- ·\,V\t. 'f

- r·~ v~Li)
b :: Z11'AF
~ Vp
:: Z1t(~()cO) ('AA.
\10\' 'St~
I 4-42 I(a.) f,-, ::. 'l c.. <1+ It>.? t £o1,t;lIHIit..

(t.) RF: rt4.t Wfil.S1 bVtr q~.fn 11-111. -if) q". q, Jffk d.1t"f
t'~ie",," iWjIJ..,e f~w~c,t cf IJ8~3Mt(~
r F.- Fl~t Ioa)ttip«ss ovev 10. ~I M~~ to 10. ?ttHilt ahd
roe 4~+ Ild~Qt.kt Utltlt'1<J si7"ttis DJf ~tteh ..rcd<..
CJf +his h41)dfJttsS
(c.) f,;.,(\,e.::' -Pc. t ifir ::. q~,Of +l(fl),,~) .. JI8.. 3Mh~,

$ •
62
r

1
4 47
~J ~F fille.r;' {:!JA.; tFfH&;r 1;,1M wheY(,

'e
i::./plcll5- ruk:£ 4" 1114 ~e,( 111.(1 Ii /bWf.
RF: '.O. 'Boj r..·.flls. .J .], .......~...... J:' ··1
. ,.
NIl 1D6r T~
~t: ljr~! f~#,.l·if'. I•
.. 1:::1 l.zF
.R..... " 'I i I
,...... 4+b 'f~
(b.) fimage =fc + 2fif = 1990 kHz
63

Chapter 5
(a.) of ~~~ I r> I~~ ff::~i::. f-"q{Bk,

5 1
1 - 1
1
(bJ -p ~. ~~, =:, Ac.-=- #.'ii."::. :2. fj~)(so)::,. 7fjl] j/f7Hr
sl-o~ 1tl7 I +/). ~ (.\)$ (16~IJ u.s (11t esq Oi) Cre)
# U It
(c..) $fU:. 7rl7 Cl>I ~ -{. DOl t>7. -'4,}f]

I:.
+ ~.~~t'J) CbS[!ut+w.Jt.J
___ _ - - - OJ~
_ __ - -,~~q.d:8~
\i
S4'fkII" . 6~f~1/z, f ~
tc.::: 6 S"b kiI~
OJOf~ ):: ... ~.qlf
'l. .,.. !!18f:. .,. glBf = 7. 021 kkl
2 (SO} 2(SlI)' I.
(e.) f£1'::. ~(tJ()'lJl/.'VJ::. 18 ()q..G X11/

2(5&) =w. =.-====
64

\5-4 \COI.}M (0 :: - o. '2. + 0.<0 <;,,,,- vJ,t

+"",= +. '=' ~.Sl ~ K~ ; Ae.:::· 1<>0
~H):: IOD (D.g fO.(oS;",w,t) COSvJ~t

~(t\ T w\.:' • <4 fA t;e C.
- AW\A~!: ftf°
(6"I
°1
\! ) 0 ~\l"; J .,pI..olJ.
f =., AVtI4i -.At•• ( JOO)
.\ :: '..4.().' . . '. () 0 ( t O().J
\
.At- {c:>o
~ 40 -Ie
(}/t> V\ e,. Mod.: At.. -A"".T'( 100\ :::. /t>C - (0 (ttl¢)
~ Ac /00
(c.) {'>::
S( f) = 1./0 h(f-te) -~ IS [~ (r -t~ -.f-)
\S(.f \
qo
-h(f-.(e.+{.....
~o
l
65

O~mM~~~~~----~--~
-I
66

C :: I(.
cli·[C S "jd\{il9,)).
. . . &.. If\S, /
~(A .~CoSl...el)SI~I",tt'te,)cuse.
1M.. ( _ - ...
. e. . (. .
V\
......... ~•. ,
, - tt\ ~
Slf\ =1 [~t:." {((-{'(-~t~) ~_~t:~(-f.~-"t)J
67

5-6. ~i J
I~Lk)\
~')O Ct
~----~~~~~~~~~~~~
· · ' .~ -2 -(."t(. t f_+2~.... +-\ +~ ." .f
c <>::. A e.:'."
21t
[z 9, (lb..).) 4-
J
2. AIM. s.1A elf

.
: .& [, Z (?~G.) + 2{1.2Y.5~s)7.•.
21r J
s[t)
s
2
t
o
-\
(b.) 5(t) = 1 [cC)~ (We -w,)t t cos(we+w.)t1

-+ Cd<.(Wc. -Zw,)t +- C()~ (We. +zw.)t
68

5~ 10 (h) 4,...g~ .r(-+}= [({) -eve;,
Sil)' 1{clV} ,fIfI-Cf..-f.)HG{f+{(--fJ)+f{f--(+IJ)+ Jl]
t
+ If (fi.;1J;»~&(f-f((-2tJ)7f({{fJJ.f,))~lfi)~
I 5-15 I "!i{1.) ~ w l!Qf t!1l)f.) ... c....s {'1 ttl

~ W:. to, \\) "i~) " rh ijlb'S lnlf:) # \1 ~)-:. t [M H-!:Ql+ l\\tJ'thll
N"It \\) ~ ~l1:)"llil~ ':l 1\tl\)s~tIr") ~ VI\.tJ.;,tJ EMlt-il) +M lHl1l)]
~.sl~) ~ IV~(rJ, te~~~

J ~
tn'. ."·.
l. ~f-*.~.)
H'1«-(l) 1 ;:;. . s Aft.f.·.·-t.! 2J.J . ,.W). <
-t. ~.B. 1. ·.
fF e/Si. . i.'. '4:

L;Uw~(, v"( ':. [.. i:J["lfff-.tJ)+J1lf1 t:!J.J., 1#<ll. .. 1,
D )fe~
~ Ii) ::: Ai H:) ~r~({Jul!J
~·l4lfJ: t[Yt({.. re--ffJ ) 1~ (fi£.tt 1)]
:.1.. MH"fc;-ll-.t!).f lA(f-f,. -1:.i+l:aJJ}Jf-£.-fBI<i
ly. [MrJ+{.?t.l-tB)-l.N(';ffc. *t'l+i'S)],lff(il'BI<#.l
o Jfelse,,'~t,
69

ArWc. I f- -ill<tl ~ -/:. 8 < f-t;. -111 <il
....,+ta·t~<.f<..f':S"tl 4- Ii <.;1" <.£:. i-I
L;l~~lft +1. 1/<- tB ;:; w~-8<f< --i,
11t~J
v, . c t(jf(f-,--I).J. MlF-fc.), ~ <f <.f,.fll
*o r~ t.f-l f.. ) -fJt(ftf;..,.ijJ} -ft. -! <f <.- f...
J fe/selUltt!IG
Lik'~.s~
V.~( f) ~ lJ [_.Li, (f-{.-f J) +~ if 'Ie. +1. i}]
.. ~r:I.f(f;';,..!B-iBJ+Mlf-i. -i.ti~lJ, ifi-i1f<11
~[M fc..fi8...1 1) -J.1({+(+/.Jt! .,1f"~+lJI<tB
o J f elt'l4l~vl
9 v" (f)1Z. ;f[.,&{ (f .f,.-}) +14(1'·-1;)1, 1;.<1< tc.t-F
~[M(f+t:J -J1(f....f.:IBfl, -f;. ~'8<-f<. ..~
b " f t! Ilek14et,~
O~f4"t =sl:tJ ~ q,ltJ f ~.lt)
~ ~l~)~ V, (rJ + lfo if)

:f sH/~ iM H-r...) , ~<.F« 4B
t. MIf'+~) , ~ -I <. f<-{.
o , f" e (,tzw4eJ4:.,
61V~ IAffV I I.~·~.'I)J
. ] I :9 -...[,,--.___I_-+-__....&...-,-AoI_
-B i f+ -f(-8. -4"(.. .f(. ,.,.jl t+
:) sri:) ;, 4l\. UJ"GB r/~4-/ ~!!.

70
\5-17
eel.)
(6.) ro, (As·~B :

-s(-i: \ =- lAA it) e(4) (.&..It! t, - ~ t-t) .c;.'" We. t
= '11'"(4:) Ca,> we t - ~ J..,.. r/i4-'Q/ St~ ...J~t
Tr Lit-'121
71

(b) -7
t :~ 10 ,0.002 ... 3
f :'= 20 6) := 2- T·f
C C C
met) := - - [Sin[T'
sin{1r" T' t)
www.elsolucionario.org; t]( m (t) := - - -

h T
"..- t
2
s (t)= 1& m (t) . cos [6l .t] - lDh

C (t)· sin [CA)c · t]
set)
o t 3
72

5-27
.fc :- 1 fm:- O.25fc
11ft.) :- 005(2-..., fm·t.) .Of ].

[ 2~'" I'm ~ sin (2
eCt) :- : .....L ....•. 1f fit, t)
sp(t) := cos(2 y"fe- t + IlP-lI(t»)
Sinusoidal messa·. wV'eform

1.5
m(t)
-1 .. 5
-4 t 4
1.5
ap(t),m(tl
-1.5
t
wave.form for cinu$01dal in t
1 .. 5
sf(t),Il(t)
-4 t
73

I 5·30 I (q.) +.SPF : . \0"~ ·'( wH\~ :::: / 2,9 Co W1 Hf
A rr-8PF ;; 15'KH~
g :: 'r.; ']~ ~ f/. . i
!SweJ>F:: 2(AF t+w.):; '( (1. \)~ +/~} ~tI~
:: Ltg. (/) ~Hi
(b.) ::: {~
{,S P FO
+.f ~t:::. Il,"H, -S" :: .~ 7.'Ul> ~ H~
+.
0 ....... ,
r. .(:e - ( ~
:. ~ I <."1(" f S" \ .I/.i~ ..., H~
"t&fF I
t(,:~w\"~
74

1 5-32 1 (<ilJ ~)::. 1), WI,(4:) = :10 Cc>S w,t
- =t w.pW ~ ~ CD''o.'t = 0/1. cOS(2.0otfrrc) 1 ", ~ =- 0.2 V • fh#r:.J.1c Hl:
",. ,. , Petth::= '

~) e (-6.) ... ~f
=} '" &:):. 2. 0
r
..
l)p
r.
f t"'f(>.U~ :: ;20 "CIS "",'I:
eL
~t
c.os w, -I:. ] =-ZE.. (1 6 1);) 'ff)$ jill UJ, "t..
10·
ttl; (-1:.) =- 0, 12'9 $I;,~i, 1t1"F(t)~ O.I'-5VV , flit ::.1 k U~,
(c) '" = V..: ,.:. (500)"":: 1.5kW'

Av R. ?-(so)
PEr:::. 2.5 I< W
1
5 -37 1 (a.) PT ~ t< f'!-wf>:: -f= (/~!i\ .S;tJOb w,d~
- II
~.J ~ ;*<llJ(+JI~~ t .( 1:}~i1I").;> == 1. lc~l1- : t It1-f. In (p)

@ll~_ (5- 5]»
i u~,~ (5- 5'1 ) .. -}/
9 IT ~ t It1.. [Jo1(~) -f ~ ~ In').(fiU

W~ey~ :1. N.f'l1:: 1ST~ N-:. ;;.'" :. ;j~1' : :. ~.s ~ ~ N~
AI~\) J A:: ¥ ';:. .KdAIt] :::. (8 l.J:i;v,lt) t~~ttJ _ r
"" -rtf'} € 1l:e - ...:). 0
U-SUJ; Mf(.1k cnD: Ac:= 100 p :-= 5.0 N:,.. 3 n := 1 •• N
2
2o~
2
PT :- O.SoAc [JO(I') + Jn cn'I')2]
~ = 2583.485 watts (normalized for lO)
75
I 5-38 s(-t.}::. A<.. l~ [Wd.. 7- t! SIt. IV.....- i]

W~ef'"-c:..- fie..::' jl INc..-::: :br(fII.~.b1.XJ~I,J
- lJr (a\ 11 0 (1t ~II.;' ~Aj "
W'h- \I~) J {):: lfS \' 18()o ~ ~ D.'785+~.
~
(S-GO) c;.(fJ~~_~J'nC~) nf-ht,.J dE)" ~~

set) = ~ [Ga-t.) +G~(-{-{~)J ~
= ~ L~g>-S-~(~)[a{'-"L-(\ +[( {-"t>+c~(

v\ -:s ~l ~ e~f"~M\~ ~ \~ £w:
0
{
o,9~
Ol~~
~ '=- 2. tw. (r + I)
= L(t j:H-2'j" 19~tf)
"2
~
0,011
0.00'14- :.. ~.;-I (LH~
\~({)\ ){">O
0,4-25'
0,1.}
o.~
O,L
76

77

5-42. G,,,tJel.
l)L.f)\
,,0
I \
It 5' I \
I
I~O
0.;;
'6 -t; .. tf .. ~ -L - 10 I .2..
f
,oMH~
78

I 5-46 I NRJ:"1
I9ltJ:..), (il).)J.l
-s I
(ct-) ... "t..,= J~
T..n. . . .l.,h 11'~
f mWdi"'.It [SoU. :.4s-l:. ~ =-1lr 5 ~of~

A6= D ( 0
=:> J/ ~ :;rfitJ ~ 7jft~~·I'$). =:. . ,. '18

...
v:fe~
\5-G; ) *' AF -:;. J~. ::. ",/!/!il = t..SSHs,
(t,.) F"1Wtt (S-2G J tUtJ (S-27)
SUi: 4=-1 fli-fj-lS'(f+£.)

+1£..M(f..{ 1 -lL M(;fHe}
CJb.
27f 1-1(, '-It f +£.c..
z:..~f{f-"'-)
Mlf.···.):.i}[JttIt}J: -" lVhue f;,::.;1-=IOO.
. IO.sq" ~
. ~ .i
,s'{fj ~ 4:-[ f({-{} 1- [( f-l-{)
+'2:g . ~. . ,,-riff
It... . . . . {;:-...
0'. . (•.c.,. ,... .f
~1(f_{-hf",)-~(f+f(.-h~ll1
j lJ.
IIfD
79

Z. e,.-.if\ 1l"_ / _ e Itt
-)V\W~
-\.A'lt
I .. e J
-
80

5-46 . (h.) CI'J'ooT d
t, 0
-- ~
~ tt 5" t\
({t-t tf\~_)
81

I 5·49 At:~. 5) f C! e: l c;. H t: } f':>.f = (0 ~

.f(M)
..L
__ ~~~~l_·~~~~,~,~!_.--~7 M
- i <:> \ 2. ~ tt~ 5
(t1-I~I) -'} f(+~ .~ t(~(t-{~~+{eT(-~.{~ r

~\~ ~ £(l) \ .. ~ ~ ~ .~-£(_;~_ ~
={.'-1. [t {({-t(. +5+0" I £({-{'c +S.(,,)
+ ~ b{.( --Ct. - ·C') -I- ., ~ (.(: -.(~ - s{"')

+ ; b(+-t~-5(,,)+ ~b(.f**<: -5+~)
+ ~ b(++f~-~£')+~ r,({++c-t·+")
+ ; ' (+' +.fc..j. ~.(,) + ~ ~(.( +.('~ t 5{.,)
-!> - t+ -; -"£' - l o t ,?, ~ 4: ~ tA..
(tc-+ ~.fQ)
82
15-52 I (a..) A,,>~(A""'M~ ~ g<.J'~ c..s-€...

a..\"so \ \.A \e.. ;Sw S :
s{t\ :.~.(tl co<, wet: -I-nAl;(i) slV\~ci
;: Ie r [M.(+J -) .,v\~ <'-t Qe 5

wct
(
"J U \ = wt,Lfl-j.M2.lt:J
6-£f \;:: ~, (f) -j f1~ (+J
s(f) :: 2. [Cs(f-+c.) + C:r"'(-f-(c)]
-- w\ (f - +Co) t W\: (-f -t c ')
-) M2.(f-fc.) + j vv\;(-+-,(~) J
~(" V'f\H_)~e:.\ ': W\1(-f) - ~(+))
:: -~ [ ItA, ({- (~) + Wl,(ft-tc.)]
-l(wt.Jf-{e) -1'V1<:({+tc.\]
(c.) .Assu..¥Ae~f (i-) ~s Q. c.~.,,~f h.e. ~

\J(;II.\~ ~L..;e.~ ~"';d;"'4 at di'~crei~
~.
83

~::. 2oJ! lit

er f-------:rr,,;
A~
:r:.F ~--+,
~f>
5,p(i)
~~H~~B .,..., I F I
"btt):bwww.elsolucionario.org
r , I c -t
~"'--_ooI---t-"'---.L------~7
\"
,,~Lt)
:1 I t . C t
~--~--~~~----------~>
T
- -fIF
S It- (-I: \ f s s~pl e. d o~~<! e.~T se..c.~ds
~ e..... ~ ~ ..... ;+e"} f'k~~~~
+~ ~ - :: "2..('tF
A1;.1t) (.0'1 td .... he..t>£fediteQ by pa~II~1

tltt.. ottf~t(t of +Ite. ve:o (of+4c2. ,U.J +ltrt>~ 0..
~a r'" I,;;'s4e~ #
84

1 5 -53 s (-i: \ ::: X t{) CdS vJl:: t ) uJlAe...re

xlf) ~ At. w'-H:\
A -----'-
~ .
oct(:
~(.f) = ~ [X (+-+<.) + 'I..4(-f --()]
~ ~ ~~
X(t) : _~ Co '" b({' -'" (I) ; ,: t-t) = _~ ~ 0\ e:
c-,::
.
-L <T~/~C ~~~4~t = 1:A.c._e -~~wJf
10 _ T4tf
.
-~ III uJo
ToiL/
-loft!
{,.YI (I/o 'tf'/?)

",if / L
85

)
5-53 ~nt d.
~)
--~ .,
--;;,
I
I
I
f
{~+ Lto f'

{c. :::./5 0 t1 H~
-(o =- t L~/1~"
Fi ...,. \ ~ e..ro - c. J'u S SM~ t 1\::.. 2.
www.elsolucionario.org 0.
B~,..:; 2. (z -to) :: Z I( :: . 1.f g r:H ~
86

5-.-
-1
5 -7 ----+ =k:: 0..7 T :\!!(. 0.0,025
w 1000 1r
e
rect;{t - k
SET INDEX N := 64 n Pili 1 .•N 1 N

(a) 11 :- 0.2 h lJ' j : .. 0
{.) ::#
:2
p 2 tl n Ts
1.0
10
o t
M 6 M
N :c 2 N • 64 k t- O .N 1 TO :- e T
4t
TO
N
<1t .. () t
It
k dt
as
k
sOc- dt) n :* 0 . .N 1 M",.l
NN ::- 2
Asaume that ~e signal is.. peri.odic with period TO-aT. The
$~etrum can be obtaiiled from: the c~l.eX .Four"ier series
coefficients. P\tt:'tM.t:more t tbe ctxtplex .FOu;r ier .arlss
coef.fleientstNIybe calculated usiogtIMPFT by sUbstituting
(2~1.7:a) into (2 ....186)>> Thus,
fil
1
icfft (ss) fa := fa
dt
n
TO f ., 50 fNN' :- NN If fNN .. 1600
1 1
~BSP~
5
o .t. .. 1f 11 f T• 11 ..t r .. w
fNN
fNN =1600 fI~
87

5-57 C",,1'oJ
(.b.) h= o. £
10
s(t)
-10 ~_--"~-"""~ _ _ _-"_---'.........iI-"-.l,"---.lI_ _"

o t
o ~. .~~~~~~~~----~~~~~~
o :f'N'N
fI4.
n
fNN ... 1600
10
s(t.)
""'10 ~-...-....-.... _ _ _ _.-........,;_ _ _ _ _.............,---..M""""-.......w;.--a._.......w;..;J

o t 0 .. 02 .Se.c:.
o It I I I 1t r T I t lilt f 'YflTtl
o f mN
rNN .. 1600.&
88

\5-62
(0./) 0 0 K
(5'" 2.) 'B, '" 18 ~ (f+Jr) R -::. (I.!») (; q. k.
.::. ~"k~
(b.) FS K
(''''7) Byr:'lAo" + 2B
=-5* k H1 4't (pkN c- ~ I '0 I I< l-li!
\5-67 I U.r~ tS-"'OG) 8.-: {It''jf- ~ 1.:2. forQrs~

(~.J, 24'= (Itr)1f ~ (lfr):: f) 't ::/,~
br r:: O.G.
:= .........1::;
(l,,) Jl.{aJ<-. ~ tt.l/oweel Ii r =0

wt,tit
; 'RJI(A,c :: :'~'.. ': ll1tfj a; I./-B hAltt:(."
*~. ~ t1>11..rf f~+VJ r}

- fJ.PJi( ~/rJ/~
(.b",(J '!!:f he fw"j vl.t,llo;f Sh"'t
89
1
5 -68
(4) l,.Ui~ +S411;1t, ,rt>c.ed~44ttf 1f!«J.s +0 (S"/Oi) HI~
~·~(,P.T of 4~ 'iKI4.I~rotJ'Ir44.se.rJ- taf,';t~flt,~ ;trtlre
II PlrittiJtt~ (,.O~ (i-l.q)
rIf) fYe if]'

:r.
i~U\J ~'~q (, -?OJ) I¥.:fi1 ;tit :':.0 411d t;. 1.= G- J ihe
PSI) try i4~ CJ>tk,~ fUfvclf1~ ,a
lPt-ij'} -:. " IFlI)f.::- 1\ #e (r)
I , ~l <..r;
.. ~(rJ: It t (I t .€ \JP' 2.~I"'f, ] , .f; i..Jfl<."B
D , I >-.J
.,~erG f. =.} · -: . f (~) c.;J I =1- for" QPIk
~-....-.IR~L
~
90

5 -sa·~· c.ol\t.~\(cl\
f, ::.-r.-.f'...... (o-t-~.. "::. tolt-r) ": f b~r\i)
~ ~. r.(• • !: r tfJ
tl.,cJ
A.;::: f" of. -fll. ::'.f.. l H r-) :.:1: l! t.,. } t-l)
t",,~ :::.~ ['~tf-ft.) + ·f '.(J]
~\fJ:. {~) ftt- ~~ r,.. (1+ fc,J
Th~ o.~'b\,ttl "OMJI'4Jf i,a,J VJ;tifL-. 1~
B,. ::: 1.) =: (11- ...) tfJ ..,b 1=1. ~r ~ Pife:
<-Enter value of the rolloff fact.or, r
R:=l fo :=O"S*'(.!..!.~)· .' N :=100

n:=O.1..N-l
df:=2" 10
(N-I)
·fdcl :=1''*10 11 :=10- tde1 B :=lb+·fdm

ConsttUd the RalsedCosine frequency tMponle using the Mathcad ,,.. function.
oosl(f) :"0.5 [1 +coo(O.5'11'<f~)]]

Pgl(t) :=ittf>fl .(0&1(1),1) Ps!£) :=it(f>B,OJPg1(f»
Ps. :=Pg(.n'df)
p
.........
_ _ a..$
o·~----~------~----~~~--~----~
o 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5
91
1 5 -77 1 ~iiA,'. . . .~-----~

tro*" +,(. due.,' tPtI of
...
4/, l'Nk •• ~c., 5-11>;
IAtt ~e, , 641f""
a/. fA&- ."",,'1

--~"":-......
, -,--,;!~,-",~,_1"""".:,:;-:,'~'~jj '~~--r::~-.~"''''
~ ~D" I'.~ , .~.~. 10
b.(sL. , i ·'s~.,:~.,~.""_--"'*,~__
5 -82
i :- o •• 14 n:- 0 •• 14 t:- -5,-4.99 ".5 T :- 1 a :--1

a :=-1 a : - -1 a:- 1 a:- 1 a :- 1 a'O :- -1
1 2 3 4
5 6
a :- -1 a t- -1 a : - 1 a :=-1 is := -1 a :=- 1
7 8 9 10
11 12
a :- -1 a
:=-1
t t :- 0,0.2 .1115
13 14
h(t) :- t (t) - f (t - l) nl :=t 0,2 ., .14

n2 :- 1,3 •• 13
92

hx(t) := I (t) - •• (t - 2)
·(ttl :- ~...
. . ....
L-s a. - h (tt ... nT)
n
n
'x(tt) :;~...
L-.J
a - bX(tt
nl
n~T) y(tt) := 2: a
n2
bx(tt - n2'"X)
n1
yy{tt) :- .~ a hx(tt •. . tt
n2- T) &in'l'
[ ---
nZ>T].
L-s na 2
n2
xx (t·t) :- . . .....a
n,l
bx(tt
.
nl T)' cos
[Yt t - n l2 T - l.. . ]...
nl
Data stream waveform:
aT - (-1 -1 -1 1
2
m(tt)
J
-2
o tt 15
oata waveform in I-cbannal:
2
x(tt) 'I 1
I \
L
-2
o tt 15
Data wa.vefonl 1n Q-cMnnel:
2
y(tt)
, .1
\
• J
l
\
-2
o tt 15
XX(tt)
o t.t 15
MSK Type 11: -channel waveforru
2
yy(tt)
-2
o tt 15
93
ttr-O,O. 01 •• 1,5
s(tt) :- lOC(tt) cost2"'~ 2tt) -yy(tt) ·sln (2 'I" 2 ttl
!lSK 'Type .iI,li. 1 vavafOnAt
2
s{tt)
-2
o tt 15
94

Ur---~----~----~-----
°_":-2------~-J_-.l---1..0----I-~~.-Jl
t
95
15 90
(~J I!.I'nNf . 10 r~ !j-JQQ.j -tlte .r/~1 is ';k.

V,Li}:.l.D ",i-l&tiJ] 1VItV"e 91:l)= bf foO.)dA
14e ou:J.,J of-l4e.. ~ Ji J~ i..r
~ .: II" t. 19lVJ f.p~P:)
::. ~ (J)./[(.JcwlJi T&I.fj] -I 4: WfIt4twi)l '"fDtr~
Tht.. I)JdP~:l ..f ~''t. tifF iJ 14ft. SUJt1 ~Jtf:(rOf PJArY '61 JJ;.IJJ
· ~ s£.IJ :: 1.s:.
z,
0>1 "(.,1 '1t;19(
-10,,; S-11-2£ ~ J',."Jr, fjf f~t. fII r~
(J.) I e.fVYI';
II /Jilij:.t&.J2.04wff) ::.1/(,. ~nl4.iwlft. f8-lij] (Mfw{'i)
:. f1= W [Wt.-t t tKt.,..• + 4:.. £AI "GoT lw;)t T6~ J
2 e:liff' . . . ., ... J It." Yf:;/h,
:9 -rt,e...J"JJ f4L BIF iJ ':flil: t a>S~tT~ ~ ild~l<·
96

Chapter 6
1
6 -2 I (0.,) Til?
x(t) ~ < ~.Aco<,(u)()t-+e)Je
_ 2A . .. . . .. . . ; ~/2.
- -1f ~J\I\ (u:;"t +e) ()
:?f [~J~ (r4 t + 'Df'2)

=- - ~V\ w):]
- .z:. [ ~c~ w.t - 9"'- we) i J
= 2 ~A[COS (f) (os w. t - ~/1I\(f) 9~ ~ t}
7t"., 71
~()s If = IT :.. ~/\I\ Lf
::: 2~A Cc~ (Wo>t +f)
(~.) x-lt) i~ a. ~V\t-h'M o~ i:t'W\~
:. )( (t \ i <.. ;of c;fa.+i'<IV\ fa ·
97

6 -5
1
Le+ l b e ~t ctA-T'N!N\i·~ru. ,~,t! Wtt.fer

pr-o ~CE. J ~'~ ~e V'otta.y. )(.
Lef j.. be <::t (-e..ro - \M.e~ J e. l'*iJt:>d ."(,

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i-) '" f(-j.) dx '" ~ 5211"~, coO
_ ~ X e .d x
o <)
i..:: f""M, ~ ~ \c..A. ~ Q.r "J..

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(,.VtA.e.>f-e
'" ~ ; cl ~ t :0
~ 'JiYZA. ~ x. ')
(' ~
oQ -
(?¥Jx
«,Jilt )0
.. ~~ \ ~ ~ - ~.H :: ~£.~ ~ 10
98

... .'iii"', U t ........ . .iIi········· ...... 'n.n .. ,

.'
(a.) ~:: f\l.{f.\ = f 11\ ,it \ t V\~lt)ll:

:: ;:~ (f\ {. 2 ~f\~~t:l + ",--./-.(~t"""-.··
. . ·.)~·~~.
- ....... ·.4
C
= ,,}LH i- ""i it \
:.. .,. + 10 .:,. r·~ Waf\-~
(b.) ~:. ~t[!) :. ;:It) i 2 If\,l ?H) + ~~ ,
~"I1!.\af0 <. ~.lt) ~~(~\

~ ~ 5 + 2. (-~)(J) of. Ie == 1I tMa Its
j ....
(t!.) ~;: ;~H:~ ~ [vi.if) + "'leU}! 2

::: ~;{f\ + (1I\,~c."'tU:) + '-A~-(f)
2 /(/1 oil· t ((:») l
:: ~ + '2.( 2') 4- '0 : . ICY wcd/s
99

---
6 - 11
1 1 (a.)
No
CD ~(t-) =- tc -1-)
® R(b) ~ J tlf'\j
. . 0) ;t [.~I:~~l = N::(-::;t~vt
(L.) etlSW~'t.J. ~{tj 1(-1') (!) ~l't)::

~E~ ® t(O) ?/lttY
o i [Cctl,W;t+ '('t~ :: { ~t{-~) ~ ~ !t++.fo) + I
'> 0
-et/'t/. -
(,1.) e wkt rf qL 0
11"···· ....... , ......
CD f (1') ;. ((1~1')
·4 ® R(o) ¥/f(1')/ 'A
100

+J,[3]
*JGfLt
S (0) cannot. be plotted since it is infinity,. Co.~ently,. fOllowin9

tho usual oonventionin D" plot the WEIGHT of $(£) instead at f-O.
f :8t -1,-0.99 •• 1 '(f) ;= if(f=- 0,1,0)
r: - [('I'- f) 2]
h(f) :- 4 ~""'e +3,CCf) Px.(O)- 10.09
11
Px(f)
o~--~~--------------~----~
-1 1.
llrU .. 0,,17
101

16 -18
(~.) XfM,) =- J>(B ~
~<Lt\ : £'I.{o) :: \ ~~({\Ji

-~
() IS
'" ~ -LlMf)J.f + (t(&-f)Jt
_& IS (>
~ i [ (M +~) + (c~ - it)/081 L:

:: ~ l-(-~t +.f) + ( ll- -f)] : i [2~<-&1
:: f> . . . '> Xt"M«; .:. Ii
~~l't): :rT~~{+)]i i}J-TTrti)]lZ
C§,e ~I. ~u'i'tJ.'t..~~ ~~~ bt ~
~~("t) :: i ~ J- '[1T(-t)],(l
lA\c.\e
102

[6-22 I "
", ~l (t.)
.\...
~/
'![t} = d~a)
j(t\ I'
, "'.ii) ;; ~l t)
.... , )( (t) ':-1.(t ~
.......
~~(t\:: ~ ~ ~~('f\ -,; ~., ~('f')

(<to') ~ eg~. (,-g<o b,)
~1' '3? (1'') ~ \t- $- i\ ~ !.\~ (t) jt R"'. ",J 't)
b...t "'I (.'1') ". ~ [--t') ; ~ ('f)
=9 ~ "''0 £1'') ';: h( 1') i ~ t ( 1') )e f 'I- t. 1')
= h[1') >l [t,..~l't) ~ ~ ~ [ t ) ]
';:: ~l1'\~ ~~I!{'t) = ~ ht('t}
~ v..l. (1'\ = i?-1-1 Ct) [~ 1

l~.) FI'ow\ (a.): e~l't)::. ~ I!\,{'t)
~~(~) : . J Lti'lt~1 : J l ~ lA1-lt)] : . ~ H~(f)

=') ~t({-) ~f~( ~jd (fJ
103

1
6 -25 1 (~.) ~ (+) : /J.JU)/ t P,.(.o
~(t)
=t ..a.... ' Nv[14lw.~ij
J
tm of
't.
=: $
1 ,,( ~41 t. [H .,.r.tJ2.,,: -lAb'" t:. (2.J(~r.) Wb

aL iJfI It~. z)'-J~
Set hitItlUa.{I>... :.o • ;2/4\.[If 14'). z.....- 2."l: Wa~-z;. J:. ~
~ [, _ ~-c; ....] ...~ ~ ~'L.1-: I ;:} Zf.ol< ~7. =;) z.: ~. '
t . ~
11.14fJ ~~;:. '2J:1i -A y /HAY ( ) rMl
104
\0 \0
\ H(t~\ :; I' . . ,) z~~ -(YfoY-, : [/ -(ffS-] \{~S-

USt"'1 Q flC~~tM~L..l~ ea-I(!(.{\~iorl i'~d~
\Ja \\A ( c( f 'efe.S"t:A(;~~~t :
\ H(tt.) \ ::: JI~ ===9 fc.= D •,,elL> -( ;
. ~.~
1 6 -37 ta:0 'i, .... 'i:e cJ"(.()frt~t~J =-'> ~dt'l~de...t
W\...~ t-rl-t\ t xit) '1.Lt~\~ 1O$;,,6:I:r);:;.!!. =ltD

=:::!::y 2.1t"t '" tlf\ Tt ~Z;e$e. r:v.! Gt.-E!. ;~~~
k,L:,..
V q w~e" " ..t 1 = ~\ =' .:t. ~ ~)
• " $0, , ).t.·~
t W.:··:·,: .. :.. ! i .
105
~-3 7 !Ct)At'd (b.)

\0 ~I'" (lrr"') ~ to '>I\I\[2)f'(t2-t,~: ~(t.)1 (tt)
~."d '... . ' " : .:'" ...... . 4
,"""i~ t4N't\oi ~e e'lpre~~td 4~ x(b) -alh)

:. xli:\ o.,...J (/i~ Ci,J"e. v\ut ""d@..
106

it + -X,:: (wc-w) T/, a..-d Xl:: (wo+w) 112
.::. Aa T [. e ~$~vd, t e -'is s,\'\ x..t , ]."•.

~ ~\ t~
!
I ~T(t\\ '"' X/f) x~a\ ~
T T
0{)[.• e/~ ~V\i\

T
~
)( I
t e.-j8 ~i'A11./.··r.'·.e-)f:> ~W~I t e?;)'SJ'VI.~~.
'it it c )( , )( ~J
·7.·
107

/6-41 1)( l-tS -:::." e~ (uJo t-+e) • AQ • 0

6 ::; 0
~('t\
."j...
= ~lt) ;.It+~)
.
:;:. Aot. CO J,{w ir9\ N~ (Wot rl.4.l' +e)
4
108

16 -43
Low pw'"$ t: Ik..
!I L!c. F'~
.Pv(£)
I)
i
\, ~~-
J ,
o I f\
3
'2
Ao
:= _ . (Pv(f -t'c) + pvct +
Pwl(f)
.. fo)
20
I
r- i
,
Pw1(t') V \
I - ~
o I \
f
Px(f) :,.. 1£(I£r < f'c,1'wl (f) ,0)
20 -:....,
o
-3 t
109
(h) 11,e. ~orm4.lll-eJ ((V&- c11e. p\)Wet" is

1':: rpArtfJdf ::. l[t.(l~b) (5:Dk;] ~ IJtlD~k~is
-~ ttll'tA k.Jt:4,-jJQiij)
,P::..' .~, \) k ~ {YJOtH1,J/tet11
1
6 -49 Isit\ '" 1-lt\ c~~l~~t+~)
- <a li \ Sf'" (Wt. -! -I Be)
w'v--ut
~~"A(C\ I: MIH)C<)l,t~tU:~t.) - ;,(t\~(...rtfe(.)
~LS~8lt\ '" W\ It \ (e(,t~t T~) +:t If\ Sf'" ("*l+ at)
110
'-~9 CdV'id
=-> sa \ ;:; [ 1M Itt ~ +- {ill ~o~ (<.Pc- t +ee) Ml
- [ ~.(t\ - ~t (1:)] SIV\ (Wt t f
='> 'l.lt.\ :: tM,lH + ~~li') ;~(l:):;. M,(t) -v.1'Jt)

.. _ • ~ • •• • • ••• • n •••• ••• _ " . . ' " _ lIOIlilIIiiiii
flO
A
~~--~--~--~~~~f
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"\,.
t~w _
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{r r
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-
f.It
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(f(tf..) (f~-te)
---~-)-~{
( ((-te) . ({;t-tl)
~M.L~) =AIT (Lt!.-f,))
~Ml~\ ~ A 1\ (':f5tt 1
111
\6-52 iFro"", e~~1e. '-I~:

l
f~(f\= ~ ~1 (t -(,\ t- Pit (-.f ~tt\1
[Lllo.el'l! I ~W\. ~o\v:h~to tfO~[e.w.. ~-'9 :
~it\ :: Tb ('.'. L - COS(rtt'!b)
ltt Tb
t = D. .·. (_.().
U1L
112

:It :- 2000 1- 11 t - 6(lOa T

T :- .. t. := Q,,- .... 2'1'
II 40
ret) =- 1ft
[ =' "'f,1 - a
-a t. .[ • ~
#I·e - 1 ~e
] . -•. t]•
-a.t a· 'r ]
e - 1 ft - 1 . -a T -a·t
roe'!:) :- i t [.'1: :s 'l',t + a .• a .. [. - • ]
r(t)
I \
1
o
o
>«
"
ro(t.)
o
o
({..) For ell p~ e4..,J :$ l.e:I i~ 06, -:JlIreB::IIJ4Dr¥J.

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~.
ret)
o l
o t
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o
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I 6-58 I~Q.) 1 Q)":.-C'[');.lts) - "l({.-'r17..1t 1
I="r +~~t-p<ts~ reJ'folSe I-c.t i).ft) -:. r&j,

~ ti\:l-l:::.lW:
i, 4:~
-() rtf
.. \:ts) -Ht.,-?)J,,",
.A f!J
-lH.):. r ,o<i~j' ~----.
t ,i:.t.. tp
() J -t c.(~w·~ete 0 7' t.~
\.6J .s l'tF-.M~-t) W"4~ ~~'r ~ rtt}:.. !C) aL~.

1
6 -59 I (tt) ~W=~~) l::. A c..wW,i
A.1;f:tJ-::.. .\; l+.J C.bS(WI4)-.:... 11 £,1>('" w.#'" t A[!+ l.t\l'('l1<J/tJ]
Njf:f}~r-t..r,fAJ~J ~ J:R.rTl+ ~('1.",).,1 A =J..·.iI.I!fii>.:f Ji:<~
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or J...", [. ·CAI(,.AUJi}·.j. ~"'fit4.Ji}J.··.· ~ 4k)..:1:trA.F
4Ui.. 11)=
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1J1J!) =[~UJA':: I:. Artu.s (2.AJ.o>J.}.,. CAf'{~"~'\J 011

~ ~l1:j= tA [o.rIi1~~) 4- ;S-/~~~ ]
,
Q,.• ) rl-t)= s,W= ,t\CbS '*-ii, b~~ ~7' ~ j{{t)=Aos[Ul(rr-#]

1h~ =
lOW Hf)1. i.fl.r- D
r-:.o.)l-( tt - .~) ,tl <.-1.. L.. 'J1
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h.(f}-::. ,tt1- j-l:.lbf(f4}j ~f.llw. (f'-(-i-»J] ciA
=-i:.A'1.}[G.t l41'-w;t.) l ~(:z.lq.A +kI,'P-l4.q]J>,
o
=- f A'I. [ h CbS (141ft -w;tJ t Sin (~l.i~ l-w,fJI -Ltlt.) ]1:
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11.."1 i; fl.}:::.~ It '-[-t l.()S tV, rT'-1:.} + ~~ /4('1'-1-~~J/i, ~ ('1' -1:.£ ~
f
c
:= 1.000 f;~ :- 50 1 1Il1:- 2· .... [1.'a - fit] Ca)2 :-- 2~'I"'" [f
Q ,. , f]
.,. ;- ~
4. Cf
:SCI) ;-3~ 'T~' if
(a .. )
vlet)
V2(t) :_~,[• • in( (...1 ... Cd) ~t) + S1n(2

.. "s;:w-t.)].".
2. wl .... f.42 2~'W
raft) :- vl(t) "'" va (t.)

0.003 r----------,.." "'-------
Vl(t)
°G:=~------------------------------~
t T
0.0009 r-------=-:--:=-------
v2ft)
-0.001 ::------------------~
o t
-4
rofO.5 T ) . 4.123·1.0
115

(tI.)
2
A.'. ['. . .....
ro('t) :- ...... t"cos(.,1('f - t)
....... ..'
+ --------
t. t»].·
.a1n(&.! ('1..+ »).' -.. s.'ift.fW.l". (.......
2 . 2~
0.003
ro(t)
-o'~003 " " " - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - '

o t
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J:o(O .. 5~!r) .. - 1 . " 9 . 1 0 r o t t t = O . O Q J
(t.)
-for
116

117

(b,)
o 10 lS ~o ~~ 1.0 s$
(~) of (t)~ (d&)
118
_ t- 0.0.1 ... 11 S~
10
IIR(SHRdB) :- 10
(-,5)
10
~~~~~---""' _______ ~~L...--..L.--L--"'"
o 15
119

I 7-9 1<.0..) 'FbII' cle.nvc(hof\ bf"Pt.,I ~\"'"W -f~~ :S-o.w,~

i>Yt:.~Yt~ 0..1 \Ad 4A \t\ ~~ S~hd~n ftr 'P~~. '7 -i.
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lwltib
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(b.. ) ~ ;.• 0.0.1 It .1S

10
Pe(DHodS) :- Q[..!O,.9HM'£bNO(J!lfiodB)]
1
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t--.....I-.
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120

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10 ...............---'-___ --'---~____.L...,_J.______-'--~~___"_'__J
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121

7-12. GD~+'~ BbBodB Hll 0.0,.1* .1S BbJIodB

Q(lt} ,;-1 -cnom(x' 1.0
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Pe(BbNodB) :- Q[JO~25' _(_oem)] <*"".- LPP wlth lSi Result
--...... ~
- ~
15
(b. )
PeCtitdBI
1.
....
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.....
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~ , "
.. '" "
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~JT4e, J:"pube "U~H-1e is! i(4)
h (-I.) :.. Slit, (7-i.) "::. ~.f (i:) ~ t .•..• t
T
17-17 I Fib""" 'JC( - fs) .J:>
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124

(0 ... ) EbNodB := 1Q e ;= -180, -175 ,. ,.,18:0
Q(x) := 1 - cnorm.(x) 10
.2
z(9) := 2 lUG- [COS[Y 1:0]]

Pece·) :- 1f(191 ~ 90,Q(z(9»:.Q(-z(9»)
.1
~
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\ 7
\ /
\ I
\ 7
10
(-6,
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./
180
125
17 -22 I (q:') ~\\ l>e::: la (Pe). = (

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(b.) uJ~ ta~tus w~re '--lla~d .I.~ €b/tJo
Cl-t ~ ~.....t {o t\c:lc.M. GAA4. Je"cr-ibed h'ij :
~e = Qe <-(No)] =~ \~.; 521t(~). . ;.e./fJO

. :.. .
Se.~~- Jtj
x. .. Y .
.=;'>Eb = f t/. 2
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Now w;~ \0 <t~\~{;"tr~} ~ t'!L t"'~1 ~4!t'...~+~

c{ ft-.e. ~ K ~~\I\iIt. \ ~;#-. tb ~~~ I h; t
f>\V\l,. 0. ",()I~e. le~ l (0 ;'\M~S ~t ~rl~EAAt
b~rt (Sl"'~e. ~E.. (;"'e. ~~ o... e.. ~ ~ .~
tAa~, t~:\I'~\.A~< d ~,b ..f N~/, ) ~.A~~
a.I!'tI.. \0 ~v.eJ.... ';I.\.t~). ~~ (~) =: I~ <- :: I.I./~
:. ~~.::www.elsolucionario.org
Q(JZ(l.II~~::: tV(I.6li) ~Q(I./)=l{.tJtlO-"t
. ..
'
I 7-23 I(Gt0
B.T.:' 2,00 - '\00
~ \~~-\ t.,.;f ~+e. ~+-
lllOO. H
C(I.M. b(t
. .~ ~q~
~~~../
:. tlf.!
o.tto\Nlod-.wd w/~ ::X:(.J:. i~ (\<tYe'l-I.)
B == ~ ~ 2Qao b~~lsel!
-
126

127

I 7·33 I See Tclblt ,-I.

(<:t.) r;,t" QPSI( ~e. 14('~e~+ f.. 4Md ~I~ ~e.. a.~
~ .. z. &:: l. (1.1()O-1~):. 'Hoc b/S ..olb1c:..t\ll.€d .
N - ~((flIDo
p~
.2. . . ..?'" _ . £.
eft)_ 2. P1.1".
No" -
z E..
. . No
~ * t t{~) .: ±(IOZ') :: IS~.I =~ "2.2. JLS
( ~ IS 1~ t (I t~) :: 2}10i) JCS~(IIIO~')
:::. 2q.~ ~(I+~t4.'l:~,> :: /.,<1 xlo«# =: ftJ'100 4./5
4-~
128

1 7 -34 1(a.) t? =(.~t. S4-P\I!S\/.

9 .b.. · ·~._. ~
sec. )t' «"'fI1 e)
,I...+.·
.. \ .• ,I.{. K 1,11'.
2.. = -r\- _
- ~f. 1i. _ Eb :: /0 ·i =-
- -.. c;.. S
N fJ4i~ No· No
*-
~::-- ~ = \4fo\e. )-1. fer l'.lf>s ~
tl \ ..... ~. \-,.s .. 4
re. 'C '2 e No "" ~ e.. = 9. Ig x 10

(6.) a~l\\o (i-lc) w;'ik 1M:;. 2 ~:;. cs-Co :
~)..
(Nou-r:~W\~
I+Lf(W\t-l)f~ ':; 1+ ~,~'y-114.lg](,o·'1
1(~5"G.~'t
:: t6 r ; <0 4 ~> 2 ~.I d15
[:'~]z
SHol(") :- - - -
2
1 0.5[M. ].
+
100J
0 .. 8
~
-~
~
..---'"
~
o
o 100
129

1 7 -37 I _",,11. D.'I-.ttitk).;i ~ i\t ':. 0. :. 0.08

i\... AI'\J wi+\ prodWQ "'- :1\\") w-e\7-'~).
(Sl. ". ~ ................ b,ot
1tt1Wi,$(, ... t +;;;:r - "'),\)8 • .:. O:??,' ~ -n. 3d!.
A\$~ "tI- ~u~rf
(1\110\(. -t~V. ~d. w~ {sIN) M '*t-e.
f'9v Mt ..S(., ; ~.e,. ~ , J·
130

1 7 -49 I-\(.() =- (\ + ~ oflf.] (0("" ~rt.e.-t~ .... jS

(a.) { :: 2.' ~;f·ta
loa (I »(f\J)
{".
At .(:. Is-Inl ~ +h~ ~"'t"" ,<,. ~
l H(f)\ :: II T.l (~)\ =- JI+(~Y =- 7.<' I
/}1-f ::./ #=H t : . t-. ~~

I
H(f} I :: I
I+j (tl')l = H- (z./ :: /. 10
AF =- iSI!Ht- (?:f~)::: lf~'d ~fh
/0 ~6J :: :t-~~'(lor:.)::
is
~£"I d/o W\ud
131

7--'fCf Cb.,t'd
(b.) 1'he. a..w.p1:tu.d as (Sf 11Mt h;~\" (re1t.teA"$~6
lAo;. d;o cOW\f>~"'~ ts aH MIAu... ~\M.A.IIE.t ~
-tv.o~e.. at +It. low +~c).f.N\~1 C()"",-,Ol'\e....;.. ts l
~r e.~flt.. ~f..,."..e. C.8\M~OV-~t~ cat l<S'"~flt

a/'t. dAef@.. ~ 2.0 ~~to{~·~I) : . ".s J& belOw
#e.. t ~Ht- C'o~ol'\~fs. -t(,.e..tt IS Ao{>fbb/f.MA.
! 7-51 ! (~.) ~lt) ~ Mblt \ CDS We. t ') ~s:: l vAt

~J\H)r:.~h BtF Q)
f it\ ~{t\ +,,(-1:\
t". l-tff'=:.C.
~ C~W,t
.. L~f .f, 1: f.~
&~F ®
2~'" Wc.t
Ai: ®: Cc>\uJl t •"•
••
t.. L-f\ = f'Jo "•
"
• fl.: (O{(.
~=2.Ps F @
HJf\ ~ c, t--~
C4\ Wst
fs: Z~t!
132

'1-51 lov-.1'd (b.) U SM Fj~. P?-5I j if i<:;

6
,:>e.eIA ~t ~~ ~~V\o.l ~ c.t f>Oiv-t CD i~
'/r; -f\r.E t,~~ 1 p~ a.t @.
r.·
~
..
I --
...-·.2
a •..- .
VVl /
_
_
... ,. . . . .
'-S=-' VV'b
=-.
'.... _
- s= rs
. . 2.•..·.·..·. .. t!l':. ':
\'t-.e V\ot~ t powf.,[ 0. t />'Oi\., -t CD ;<" :
tvl :. No [2(4~ft~~ =: (~Xlo$JJo
='> (t,), : (:~fN6 (~~J(I~:)Alo ¥ =(S'i /0-;) • ~c;

AI~o fer t;s{S (~/A1)o"'T:: (VN}iv>
• (.•. ~) ::: (S"X IO·S') A.. . • f\".e ~t{ "",e NS<.4\t is
.. N 0I !./tJ6 ) 0 h~i"'~ cI ~,r #(
~ o~u- ~w· ~~A e. f( ·
133

Chapter 8
8-1
Arsfl"',,,~ . 7-kt +'e [CO~. L"r/e. 6I.thrG";/,erJ (,'We, VF

~t.rvt"" "tier t~e )SL.. l.tpe1, 4\1 welt &t~ VF SerVI~ 1'0 -Ike,
300 Vp .1lCh3~ I"as J we f"(,t
3i)t)~ €1f:4;s t ,ff)1-' . )k + IGDx/,bt>o.lIII
::. 2Ji3, (Jro.tl/:J .::; 153,8 Mbls
8-5
te"'C>iJA\
c-,~
Suppose the serial data port on a PC is interfaced to the
VF telephone line without a mOdem. Thecransmit (Tx) and
receive (Rx) seria.l data from the .PC a.re each represented
by at Polar NRZ line code as described by the RS-232 serial
port standard in Appendix C. A hybrid (4 wire to 2 w.ire}
circuit could be used to couple the Tx and Rx line-code
s i.gnals to a. single twisted-pa..i r VP telephone 1 ine.
However, the spectrum of the polar line... code is not
compa.tible with th.e frequency responaeaf the VF telephone
line.. That is., as shown in Fig. 3-16b, the dominant
frequencies in the Polar NRZ line code are near zero (i.e"
baseband) but the telephone line is a bandpass channel with
a frequency responsefr·om 300 to 2100 Hz. Thus f the Polar
NRZ waveform would be distorted by the telephone 1 ine so
that the data could not be detected at the receivingen.d .
Thus, a modem is needed t.o provide a bandpass signal that
is generated by some sort of modulation technique, such as
QAM. That is, the baseband 11ne,..oodewaveform is modulated
onto a carrier. This proauce.s a bandpass signa1 with a
spectrum that falls within the bandpass of the VF telephone
line.
134
1
8 -9 J
(et.J
~.) PEIItt c ~ 6-", ::. AI (361"..):::' /,.-lli.
(CJ fJ ~~ PT>t 'it '-. fA-Jt- = (0 t){JlJ, 1f i-[~{IS ·19 ~

';'1'4 ~ 3.23)(,,111/
~ ,
t)~ (p~AI..=IO/~(f.~~1~1;: -..rtf.'tJlJ!l

........
1
8 - 14 In:.. 100 • • .l40
b ;- 6.6252-10
....34
It t- 1 .. 3Bl·~O
-23
T ;- 300
n
R:=- 10000 lie
ft
1- 10
x
n
f
n
=- 10
P :- 2~a
n J b·t
P
ft
O~~~~----~~~-L----~
10 X 14
n
100Hz, 100,000 Gill
135

1
8 21 ~~ : Tc( -I)
=- 2'°(10 ": I) -=
==
(6.) p~:. (c T;~ & G-~
o-'T
;:. (,. ';9)( to-~~X~oo +I ~,oYiO)(1 o')(lo~
136

18-23
1="""" ~ble, '7-1 ~.... fS~ w/ .....c.~ Jt'hei1ki~.

1'.= t e-t(£t./~l)
~ 'I:. A(T... +TeA" ) ~.It. (To f (;:-/)1.) ':..~r'T,
Ttf(~tF-I)1;
:. (f.3K X ItrU ) ( '0"'" )(2.~-o)
£. • oM :::. .~l'::. Pi: • :.. 't1..llt• ':.. 1. 6• 53

Ni.W~,J #l.t.t 1{ J; P:'It 1{
Pe= t -e-!(28.53) r. ~.1..XI~~.
137

(;.. t:. - Sf')~J 8 i':sl. :; cocl€ F~~ f'J~,

",
t
F.
~ M
FL = sAt
c)'.1S"d8
F ;:. F t + !i:l + ~-t.

G.. &t Crt
~ c. ~~ r 40' ~- ,) + (1 0 ,.'"- I)
'/z~~) \aa./Zt~)
:; c. "Sf f ? ~G. f- o.Cl"l.. :: S. G.S-- =) 7, 5l JIS
~t =10,.,8
!=; :: 3JB
LI>~-J
li8"
+ po =1.+ 0,. 0 137 ...,.!O .'1. .: ,. 2. '11=-
'I
¥# ~7e:4
»
_ i ... ',
1
8 -30
~)"'k..~
Tt.rl.(F,-I)-1.(La -I}
lj" :: ,. '* 1t. = 1'",," (~, "'-:;.J ::. 7:t.f. ( Te, -I ~L, )
:} T.,~.:: 7;, -I ['h,(t,"Ot
'-" v Te
1i..L,J.
' .. i ii"
11~... 7e;::T.(r:·O:} f:= ~1
70
138

e""!aoc..o"t~d •.. . . .
(al co.pute.tba sy.t•• nolaete1lpenture !'II evaluated at the
antenna input ottha wav8g\1ide,
1'0·1- 2;01(
0.2 12 6
Ll: ...· 1,0 G:- 10 B :- 10 Hz
,Ts - 1597.534 K
(b) ,Hoi.. f 19ure, :
Tfl
, 1b- + 1 r - 5.957 FdB :- 10-109(F) FdB .. 7.15

To
(e) Ttl. available output noise power Pno:
-23
Pno :-1.38-10 ·T8·8~G pno - 0,,022 Watt
1
8 -32 Ac,';,lJ.NAt '+ G--~l: d.~W>A \M. 'f:.
= lOl{. =- If. 7ttt[rr(I'))1

~S- (;t\%)l\O~) 2.
='> '1.:: "t'-, J I dJ

I If 't Ie
139

\S-36
~OMy(."'{'"
TeJ~ "Jof)t.k
G, ~ 'A'" G-, -.=.. &:M.

£..,
(b) 4' T"..~l«.. ~ h..~ + (Te, ... ;., . t lL.. )·.

<it, -.6.1.
~ i$~ TM.. -+ (?'- + ie...L. +Tes ~ J
G.s":. G,,~
tc.) li'\. <rMiTeJG-\G.,.t Te...G,..·. .ea ';. ~tTtJ-!:-tref~ TT~

G.s -;.. c;" ..... G, 6...... ::.. GAA. c;....
(j)-"
www.elsolucionario.org 1.28
L.,
6Q
Oar := 10-:m- Ll := I0 10 G2. := 10 10 Tc3:=llOOO
Tar:=60 leI ~=290·(Ll - 1)
(8.•) T. ._ Tar + Tel .. T"''''. Te3

1.- +~+-
Ll G2 T•• 168.123
GTsdB ,. 41.978
f )§i
(b.)
,GTsdB = 41.978
(c.)
1'5 :=(1..+ Tel ).,G2 + Te2.·Q2 + TcJ
Ll
G$:=0ar~
L1 Os .. 2,661'IOlchdh"lo-~:)
OTIdB .. 41.918
2
140

I 8-38 ((.:::. 2:. b- f-I~ ) It::; Jh :: .~)( IO~ ::

+ ~ ~ ~o"
~ : :. .~'-J. &-I'r'r 6F~ G;.~
~o ~ T~s / ( '..
141

K=.t (fJ'tt 4(.&1 -3f.~ -lf3.T} -If.1. '1 -5't'7 -4l.rt

"'3 -31,y ,,,} -70.. -7,.'1
~=.'t -51).'7 "G'l.B -83.'1 ,'t]
18-46 fi f~;' de.{~ ,\'I.e ft...e. \{"o. \tAe 0 f ((
61, us M\ *e.
a.v~ f>()uJY ,-eo.d i~~ :
~(t) :0 WlltJ Cot) vJt t · w-c·O
)
I~
t; l.\.oWV'-
.f;1~ }»8 -46
T = t;~tSf-\s(c.
0, ~~.s- T= S\ f-A,ec.
", I" s.- T :: lo-,~~e t.
0) ~ T:: 4,)' f4,:;ec:
t
=r.r[(o.1~k)').(o.l(,S"'- o.()'15'f1)tk'l~~.,S.,,)+(o.6kf(o,e U'1') ]

142
8.. !fro COltt'J.

e ~: [(,1$\};. (.o.,) T I (.0)5) + (.5)~(. 235) ]
:;. 4- [. ,0 l .
0 G. +- • 0'" S'" +. 2.CiJ '1] : :
.
~
.. 2
(. '!,"S q. ~)
L . .l
=)S ~i.
. =O-,G,fLk-.
t>A\J =:. , . 'If )( I ()

"\
=. I',,·0
.
"72,..
b z..
=- S
-s-o
~
I'1iI'l'I. ...
--...-..--.,.
:: ::::?;> ~ :,?"Cl'(<P .ct ~t6' • =- I tis G .c::,
l \~., 2
'" = \J~1- ::. t 2. =- (IL/~c,.,)?:.:= 20.G, dP W

r !>EI" 2. ( $'C} 10 0 loC) I r..:
1
8 -49 1
'R,,~,,~ ~.w~)(tJ(-t):: 1'.d1(f)(~ )

~ ~~ -::. 32.. 1\ Mb/~
~... ... 32~1..
~ J)...~~CcI'"'t:::' .1.:. . t.. .-... 3- - 10. 7 311 k~ Ift1

(k.3 for B~~k)
i~e tf!t- S1"" tefJittL,QJ 14e pt:t'lltrelJ fiJHt. q/ t/'e
~(.}'~)!;~ " ..e.tJ, ft!flflaf. Ot,e. ~~ pf y,...'u,i"l rA..fc..
l,f 'tJ.J8I/ 4f+e.". 311.. le,,,,.Jf'Is.
;1,~...,JIWetttll
. -:.IJ) ~ . )lJ/..lt-D= ID}"I1/} 9:: I.O.. .• 7,J1hll./(J
~ ~~~ l 31).../
IH
l3Jl.
143

Appendix B
1P( \') = ~ = \~ (~ ~ tf <J'

/
[ a-1 :: O.
- 1/\ 14 2~ +2'''%
la-2 ITQ-\-t..\ :ttQt ulA.tc~\AAt!s =~(G,)=sG
(~.) <2:: : ('2.-l-6)J~+5)J(tJttJ\(s.g)J(~·n.)
~ t>(S):: 5;/-S"
::t-
(b,) ~ ~ : (H-4») l~+~"L (~f') J (tltl) ~ ~S")::: iZ

1 ~: (ItCo\ (c+S\(~t4), (l./+~)J (5"+2.)l(Ol-/)
9> f()) =~
P(5+lt~);; www.elsolucionario.org
p(r;)tf())+[>(g) S('
vJ\c.,.:~·t.>A- H ~ \ [.1 1 . ) I Sf
et/..clu..c,j oJ j ::: ~ T t , +5" ~ == / sG.
I a-4 I P( It \+S) ~ P(l) + (J(s) +P(~) :: i :-1

la-5 1~(4/E):: fU-l·E):: ~(tt\ = :!.!:: _ ~ ..
PLE) />ll:) 'I"? - "3>
144

145

\B-17 p :- 0.1 q := 1 ... P X := n'p
• :*n p
() := ~np· q k :==0 ... 2 A m .. 16
n! k n-k.
PB(k):~ - - - - p q Blnom.1al
k! (n" k) I 2
-(x-m)
2
1 2· 0'
PF(k) :- e Poisson PG(k) :- - - - e
kJ
0.,15 r ".....,l;;..,·
(a.) Bl,noml ----,...-----r-----...,.--.----.....------
•
PBCk) • •
• •
• t
o
• ••
5
(b.) GAwss!an.i\pproximation
0.15
k 30
PO(k)
•
• ••
+
• •
• •
o •
5 It 30
(c .. ) Poisson Approximation
0.15
W(k)
•
. .
"'
• t
o
5
• •• k
It
30
146

IB-30 I(a.) P(i~l) =- Fl.) :: Q (~~I) :: G(e-.,,)

':: m\ ",. e... -(""~ -::; /' ......
~ >') t ,0 :.
-1/
t 'I)
lb) ~(;.~,) ::F{') = Q(-~~c.) :Q(-I.""1)

:: f .. Q (
I.,,~~ - ,OCl)9 9 ::: ':,S?O:: P(i~')
147

18 -34 I
fl~):= ,+(1)1 ; £lx~ I + f(it~(.. · J'>o
\ d-1; \ ·~;;
J..i.
t. ~ '/ )
l'J
, ?:i I \ .
X(~-J1
I ~ x~ I _~ ~
'4-J1
-:. ..;. 't d;> d':) = '2:1-d j..
.(:(-J.) ;;..L e- (i- ....Y2.{~ +e

n'lri.
='>
·n~) ::
1 8-38 Into .M,....... i:s

'1 ftJ ~ A~~ ~t. wJae.-t A:; 8.
11... .. QM.t • C>f ~ 1~ s-;s.. · ,"_°110... -10 ~
~·w'" lA . • l-~L. ~:r J)f .,.r i'"-,,.d-,.t , ....Ii)j
wt\\ ~i"t bf r -rWl~ Clt t~ 'llC.ch,tA "'Q.~
~'"J .t,(~):'. &p"11-~l~
~~ "':8 ""e.. rt" "'E!. iJ I::?f -:.If::l J """tI
J -i(t.
148

It. :- 8 .t= S A
, ~- 2 ...
M
Yft):- (2 k .. M .. 1) 0.5-'
l"(k) :oo;1[asin [2~k-....~l]

.~ [2 -N -2]]
- asin· It ·11 ...........•
P(,k) to
o~--~~~--~~~--~~--~
-10 :r{Jc) 10
149
\8-40 J ~ ~ ~ ~ f(~) dO ~ ~ ~~.- e -~I.~~

-.P .'
o
filt U. .... ..... 0
:: (1 ~; . e 1/ ["to ,d1
o
t(--Mr)~~e~d~ =(~)e~/o~
Let? =
~~ ...
2&tl'
di- =: '8?i do
8-42 .)
-<) \ -{(t.) i~)"i,
. dy~ Iii!; = (
-rP ...~
'f I .if. I
)" ( ~ (il+ili~)cJ{\ d{~ = \ [ (kxf (U'1~)Ji)J{~

X~ r::() {, ':. b it -e ~, "'<> f
: : StI[ Ie b+1. 4//
Xl =0
l
)
0' lJ (~ ::; \" ~ (1+ ~~) -! d{~
,,~=o
= {r x~~ 4~?(~~:: ~ [ti f&?:;'~ ={
. ~> .. /l= V"

150

:a-4-l (Pktl~ q; l/
(b,) .flit) = ~ fiji) x~) dXl.
Q
= t\ 0
X. {I tf.JJ x~
:: -t. x t [ -it + 'i~ ] 10 tf :: 1: x I [ l{ t8 f :: 2;(,

{{'l.l.) = t\~(tfj.t)i-(J-JI :: (1+:l)4~t'
~ (!~;~)
.......
~*:<",~,,~
"' ....
~
+{~')~('h):: 2)i,(~~t!~:: t(XI+XI)/~)

. ,. +(it) x? )
=-'> 'I.. oJ 'I..~ _I"d~.
I~' 2
F{'I~~ (~.S l (!) =t( i, ~ (l+i2 ) JX'L J.t l

o a
t t~ .~, [)(~ + ~?/()~ dfe
()
: ;. 1...
G.
(.lfi
\'. x (.. ~ ). d. X f
:: ..£.....
~
~.t2 </" . '>.:: 6
.J.
f~
(A.) +t·'tori.. (x~/j,):: [liu ":)::

fl'i,)
f(x"f.)t'(XI)
t:li,)
:; r{x~) ~ S.·.. ~ (1/- t~) : (.) ~ x! E-. (J 01.'~l:tf
l 0 XI .,. x~ e (st4. k.te
151

la-45
2: 2
X1 -2·" 'Xl. )Q~
-1~-----------------
f(X1".X2) :- - - - - - - - e
0.2
I\
V
o
-5
.-"'"
xl
\
" ...........
:f (xl. t 0.4)
V
/ -
-5
J/ \ ~
f(Xl.f'O"B} .I~ -
/
/ 1'\'
o
-5 Xl
0 .. 2
~
/
x1
'" '
r- ~ r--.........
o ~~
)(1 5
152

IS-52 J
1
1
T = 1
- 1
(a.) COlIlput$tb. Nan veccorfor yl

.Y :- T mx
(t>. ) camput,8 the cova.rlanca mauix, cy;

Of :- T*CX" '1'" fs .106 3 .. 382]·.·.
n
cy - l3.382 4.356
(c.) compute the correlation coeff.icient for y1 and y2;

Cy
0,1
p ;;:------ p =: 0.. 117
[F.:J (fcC]
IS-54 I 2. e + J/::: A- x. t~ j '1 ~ '" x'~
+(~.>~ .. ') :: .f'Ll. 1,c~J::: .f (';jYAi~ )~l)
'~(~/,l){ .IA':jl.J
J «~j.) :: cle~ [ ~,(·1--=-fi--·-x~-~---A-~--~
+('j.) '" ~ . .- +\':li1J'"J <j~) 2

) J ~~
\ -~ l It ";j~ ,
(c..) +l~) = S ~
.r(--o/Aii:) X~) di.~

..
-~ I A- XtJ
153
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

Solutions Digital and Analog Communication Systems - Leon W. Couch - 8th Edition US

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Solutions Digital and Analog Communication Systems - Leon W. Couch - 8th Edition US

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STUDENT SOLUTIONS MANUAL

United States Edition

Digital and Analog

Pearson Education, Inc.

PREFACE and ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Samel Celebi Lawrence K. Thompson

Leon W. Couch, II, Professor Emeritus Phone: 352-376-0108

Student Solutions for :

Chapter 2 -- SIGNALS and SPECTRA 5

Chapter 3 -- BASEBAND PULSE and DIGITAL SIGNALING 31

Chapter 4 -- BANDPASS SIGNALING PRINCIPLES and CIRCUITS 50

Chapter 5 -- AM, FM, and DIGITAL MODULATION SYSTEMS 64

Chapter 6 -- RANDOM PROCESSES and SPECTRAL ANALYSIS 97

Chapter 8 -- WIRE AND WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS 134

APPENDIX B -- PROBABILITY and RANDOM VARIABLES 144

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tCl As~ ~ly l:lkelye~ters.

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STUDENT SOLUTIONS MANUAL Digital & Analog Comm. Systems

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STUDENT SOLUTIONS MANUAL Digital & Analog Comm. Systems

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STUDENT SOLUTIONS MANUAL Digital & Analog Comm. Systems

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