Zone 4

Last Frost Date 5/17/2021

First Frost Date 10/22/2020
Average Growing
Season (days) 186 Days

Temperature Guide
<32 F Below Freezing
33-55 F Cool Zone - Cooler Crops
55-85 F Ideal vegetable growing - Sweet Spot
85-110 F Heat Zone Good for Hotter Crops

PLANTING KEY
SS Start Seeds Indoors
Transplant Seedlings
TS Outdoors
DS Direct Seed
G? Germinate / Sprout?
H (#) Harvest (round #)
P Prune
R Regrow
PL Plant in Pot
TH Thinning
F Fertilizer
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QSeHtSytINA

Temperature Guide

Radish, Turnip, Leek, Onion, Beet, Chard, Spinach, Arugula, Lettuce, Peas, Cabbage, Broccoli, Kale, Collards, Pak Choi
All crops will grow; warmer temperatures speed up growth
Pumpkins, Tomatoes, Okra, Peppers, Collards, Eggplant, Cucumbers, Amaranth, Chard
Climate data for YOUR CITY
Average weather
Monthly: 1981-2010 normals
History: 2008-2019

Crop Notes
Tomato SS - 6 plants; Buy Trellis 2x
Sow in Tomato spaces until temp.
Lettuce hot; cut and come again
Basil SS - 4 plants
Nasturtium DS
Cilantro DS at 55 F
Parsley SS - 4 plants
Dill DS - 50 F
Start Seeds Indoors - requires light
Celery to germ

Rosemary Cut Stem >3” tall & PR

Thyme Cut >5" Stem & PR
Chard
Spinach DS
Sage Start Seeds Indoors
Kale Start Seeds Indoors
Pac Choi Start Seeds Indoors - 8 plants
Chives Direct Seed
Turnip DS - 1 row for succession planting

Beets DS - 1/2 row for succession planting

Beets DS - 1/2 row for succession planting

Arugula DS
Lettuce DS and TS to test
Strawberry Getting transplant for planter
 Typ
Typ

Variety Type
Sun Gold F1, Solanum lycopersicum

Encore Mix
Genovese, Ocimum basilicum Annual
Kaeidoscope Mix OG, Tropaeolum majus Annual
Leisure OG, Coriandrum sativum
Giant of Italy OG, Petroselinum crispum Biennial
Hera OG, Anethum graveolens Annual

Tango OG, Apium Graveolens

Rosemary, Rosmarinus officinalis Tender Perrenial

Summer OG, Thymus vulgaris Tender Perrenial
Rhubarb Chard OG, Beta vulgaris
Hybrid Smooth Leaf Space F1, Spinacia oleracea
Common Sage OG, Salvia officinalis Perrenial
Toscano OG, Brassica Oleracea
Li Ren Choi F1, Brassica rapa var. chinensis
Chinese Leeks/Garlic Chives Nira OG, Allium tuberosum Perrennial
Hakurei F1, Brassica rapa

Touchstone Gold OG, Beta vulgaris

Chioggia Guardsmark Pelleted OG, Beta vulgaris

Esmee OG, Eruca sativa

Butterhead Lettuce, Nancy Pelleted OG, Lactuca sativa
 Typical High Temperatures 49 51 53 56 60 62 66
Typical Low Temperatures 29 30 32 35 37 40 43

March April
Spacing Needs Days To Maturity Bed # 3/9 3/16 3/23 3/30 4/6 4/13 4/20
18" and need trellis 57 1

2" 30 1
4-8" 68 1 SS
12" spread & get big 55-65 1
6" 50-55 leaf, 90-105 seed 1
6" 75 1 SS
6" 40-50 Leaf / 90-100 Seed 1

6-8" 80 2 SS
80-100 stem tips; 120-180
2' bunches 2 R PL TS
6-12" can spread easily 90-95 2 R PL
4-6" 32 baby; 59 bunching 2
2-4" 25 2
12" 80-90 2 SS G? G?
12" 30 baby; 65 mature 3 SS
6-8" 45 3 SS
2-8" 90 3
1-2" 38 3

1-4" 55 3

1-4" 55 3
10 micro; 21 baby; 40 full
size 3
6" 52 3 SS
Container
 67 69 70 71 72 73 75 77 80 82 83 83 83 82 82 82 81 81 80
45 47 49 51 53 55 57 59 62 64 66 66 66 66 66 65 65 64 63

April May June July August

4/27 5/4 5/11 5/18 5/25 6/1 6/8 6/15 6/22 6/29 7/6 7/13 7/20 7/27 8/3 8/10 8/17 8/24 8/31
SS TS H H2 H3 H4

DS1 DS2 H1
PR TS P 6"? PH PH PH PH PH PH PH PH PH PH
DS G? G? TH? TH? TH?
DS G? H H H H H H H H
TS H H H H H H H H H H H
DS1 G? G? G? DS2 G? G? H1 H1 H1 DS3 H2 H2 H2 DS4 H2 H2

TS

PH PH PH PH PH PH PH PH PH PH PH PH PH PH PH PH PH
TS PH PH PH PH PH PH PH PH PH PH PH PH PH
DS H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
DS DS2 H H2 DS3 H H2 H3 DS4 H2 H3 H4 DS5
TS H H H H H
TS H H H H H H H H H H H
TS H H H H H H H H H H H H H
DS G? G? H? H
DS1 DS2 H1 DS3 H2 H3 DS4 H4

DS TH? DS2 TH? TH? TH? DS3 H1 TH? DS4 H2 TH? TH? TH? H3 TH? TH? H4

DS TH? DS2 TH? TH? TH? DS3 H1 TH? DS4 H2 TH? TH? TH? H3 TH? TH? H4

DS G? TH? H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
DS TS TH? TH H H H H H H H H H H H H
 79 77 74 72 69 67 65 63 61 59 57 54 52 49 46
61 59 56 54 51 47 45 43 41 39 37 35 33 31 29

ugust September October November December

9/7 9/14 9/21 9/28 10/5 ### 10/19 10/26 11/2 11/9 ### 11/23 11/30 12/7 12/14

DS3 DS 4 H3 H4
PH PH PH PH PH

H H H H H H H
H H H
H3 H3 H3 H3 H4 H4

PH PH PH
PH PH PH
H H H H H
H4 H5 H5
H H H
H H H H H
H H H H H
H H

DS5 TH? TH? TH? H5

H H H H H H H H
H H H H H H H H
 44 42 41
27 25 24

December
12/21 12/28 1/4
PLANT
Tomato

Encore Lettuce

Basil

Rosemary

Nasturtium

Parsley

Cilantro

Dill

Celery
Rosemary

Thyme

Chard

Spinach

Sage

Kale

Pac Choi

Chives
Turnip

Beets

Arugula

Lettuce

<ADD CROP HERE>

Sow 1/4" deep 5-6 weeks before plants can be set out. Keep soil 75-90 F. When true leaves emerge, transpolant into pots and
HOW TO GROW
transplant, NOTES
reduce water and temperature for a week before transplanting outdoors. Planting 6 and will transplant healthiest one
grow.
Florida Weave for lots of plants: One bamboo stake for each plant and weaving string through so branches grow vertically; add
Use Stackable Tomato Cages from Gardener's supply company; adjustable garden clippers so hands don't hurt
Sun golds are indeterminate, so prune as it grows up to 2-3 feet from ground leaving top couple layers of foiliage.
Add little mini greenhouses with plastic bottles or netted cages to tomato plants (add to them in fall) to keep warm
Bubble wrap greenhouse, don't let plastic touch the leaves, temperature transfers to them getting too hot or too cold
Yellow lower leaves means too much watering; clip them off and wait till plant dries out
Water meters can help gauge if soil too moist or dry

Gently shake the packet to mix the seeds. Tap the packet to sprinkle seeds about 60 seeds per foot in a 2–4" wide band, lightly
sprinkled to ensure even germination. Begin harvesting in about 3 weeks by clipping with scissors; most plants in the mix will re

Transplant - sow indoors 6-8 weeks prior to planting in ground; Plant 1/4" deep at 70 F for germination (5-10days); keep soil mo
have 3-4 sets of leaves. Cut entiire plant 4-6" above ground to promote second growth. Harvest after plants have become estab
Basil needs a lot of sun
Prune basil starts
Harvesting when atit'sfirst
6" tall. Cut the
pruning. STEM
When (not
stem hasjust leaves)(where
3 nodes removing thegrowing
plants top set of
outleaves;
of stem), clip off right above 3rd node. Har
state so it continues to grow leaves, not flowers!
Basil will flower when it ages and those flowers brown and dry up. Another sign is when stems turn yellow or brown.
Pruning basil
Keep basil at room temperatures on countertop. Pull off lower leaves, and leave top stems with leave in water.

Cut rosemary and put in water, Change water every few days. Use potting mix which is looser, so roots can spread out and get
Oregano, sage, thyme, mint can regrow.
Will not grow are annual ones like parsely, cilantro, dill
They get big and spread out so leaving room for them. Enjoy light shade. Planting at the edge of the beds will allow them to gro
Seeding:
real estateGrowing parsley
inside the beds from seedcrops.
for other is not Direct
advised for beginners:
seed Seeds
recommended. Sow typically
2 weeks before last frost 8-12' apart, 1/2-1" deep. C
germinate (sprout) after 21-42 days! Ideal temperatures
14 days at 60-65 F). Thin when seedlings have first true leaves.70-75°F (21-24°C).
Planting seedlings outdoors: Plant when night-time temperatures are above
freezing 32°F (0°C) . In hot summer regions, start parsley outdoors in the fall and
grow through winter.
Companions: ParsleyIfisdirect
a niceseeding, night-time
bushy green soil help
that can temperatures
you cover>soil
50°F (10°C)
underneath your taller plants (tomatoes, eggplant, pep
taller plants can shade
Start harvesting andstalks
the outer cool as
thethere
parsley
arein3-5
peak heat.
baby stalks in the middle. Harvest outer stalks individually at base of plant -OR
stalks together in one hand and cutting everything ABOVE the center baby leaves. Plant continues to grow until temperatures g
Regular harvesting (at least once a week) will help maintain plant
health, help prevent pests. Plus, the plant will grow back more dense, increasing
your yields. This plant really likes being pruned back regularly!

Direct Seed spring through late summer. Sow 1-2 seeds per inch 1/4-1/2" deeps. Thinning isn't necessary as cilantro grows we
every 2-3 weeks for continual harvest. Germination 7-10 days at 65-70 F.
Cilantro is a cool season crop, and some varieties can even survive light frosts. The ideal temp range is 55-75ºF (12-23ºC).
Begin feeding cilantro a seaweed or fish emulsion when it is taller than 2” (5cm).

Direct seed recommended.

Sow in spring 1/8-1/4" deep, 2 seeds per inch. Thinning not necessary, but 4" spacings produce healthy full plants.
Successive sowings can be done every 3 weeks to harvest fresh greens continously.
7-21 days for germination.

Transplant -Requires light to germinate. - sow in early March or 10-12 weeks before transplanting outdoors. Sow 6 seeds per i
weeks or until emergence.
Then reduce temp. to 60-70 F. When seedlings have 2 true leaves, transplant into larger plugs. Late May to mid-June transplan
If you choose a cutting celery or harvest a little at a time, you can just harvest the outer leaves and the plant will continue giving
really only need two plants unless you use a lot of celery.
Growing rosemary from seed is not advised for beginners and is
unnecessary. Seeds only has a germination rate of about 30%, can take months to
germinate and take up to 3 years before you can harvest. It is best to take a cutting,
or purchase a plant from a nursery or a small plant (called a plug) from a seed
supplier.
Cuttings: To make your own rosemary plant, you may cut a stem from an adult plant [at least 3” (7cm) tall] and root it in water. O
potting mix for a few weeks to get established, then transplant outdoors.
Spacing: Rosemary is considered an evergreen shrub for its growing habits. Give your Rosemary at least 2 ft (.6 m) to get esta
over time because rosemary can get very large!
Prune regularly. Doing so will create a healthier, bushier plant which mean more harvests for you! Prune up to one third of the p
joints. Expect slower growth in the first few years of this plant. Rosemary is a Perennial: In warmer climates, rosemary will grow
harvest after the first frost.

Growing thyme from seed is unnecessary and not advised for beginners.
Germination is difficult and it takes months for a plant to grow to transplant size.
Cuttings for Propagation: To make your own thyme transplant, cut a 5” (12cm) stem from a healthy adult plant. Remove leaves
water for several weeks until roots form. NOTE: Change water every other day so no bacteria harms the roots. Once roots form
to establish larger roots, then transplant outdoors. Plant transplants outside when night-time temperatures are
above freezing 32°F (0°C). In hot regions, thyme grows year round. In colder
climates, it will go dormant and appear next spring
Thyme is a hardy perennial that grows 2” to 12” (5-30 cm) tall, depending on the variety. Most varieties creep as large as the sp
create a carpet.
Thyme likes to be pruned regularly. Doing so will create a healthier, bushier plant which mean more harvests for you! When har
cutting the hard woody stems off the plant. Expect slower growth in the first few years of this plant.

Direct seed midspring through summer. Direct seed 2" apart.

Thin to 4-6" for larger leaves.
Clip mature leaves. New leaves will grow multiple harvests becauase the plants will grow new stems and leaves.
Sow in early spring as soon as ground can be worked. Sow mid to late summer for fall crop. Sow 10 seeds/ft, 1/2" deep.
Harvest early as mature plants bolt to seed quickly. Sow in 2-4" wide bands.
When harvesting, cut the spinach leaves back to within 2 inches of the ground, taking care not to cut into the growing point. Wit
second harvest.
Transplant recommended. Easy to grow. Start seeds 6-8 weeks before last frost. Sow 2-3 seeds 1/4" deep. Thin to one plant p
frost 12" apart.
One plant should be enough for two people once they get established.
Leave harvested after plant established. In 2nd and following years, cut stems to 6" of the base of plant as flowers start to open
Plants should be replaced every 3-4 years. They become too woody.
Super easy to grow for beginners.
Direct sow outdoors or start transplants 3-5 weeks before planting. Sow 1/4" deep in seed starting mix. Apply fish emulsion onc
Germinate in 2-5 days with temperatures of 75 F. After Germination reduce temp. to 60 F. Ensure good air circulation.
Ideal temp range to transplant is 55-75 F.
Plant 12" apart. Keep a few transplants handy to replace any that fail outside.
Harvest when there are 6-7 leaves on the plant and it's at lesat 3-4" tall.
Leave 5-7 of the innermost leaves on plant so it will continue to produce leaves at a good rate.
Harvest outermost leave by grabbing base of the leaf branch where it connects to main stem. Snap off leave from main stem. T
it's flush to main stem.
Brassicas get hit hard with pests. Plant chives to confuse pests and prevent the whole bed from being devistated.

Transplant - Early spring through midsummer, sow in 1-2" diameter, 2" deep cells. Place 3-4 seeds per cell, 1/8-1/4" deep. Thin
In 4 weeks, transplant to garden 6-8" apart.
Harvest individual leaves or entire plant. If you cut above the base of the plant, leaving the base in soil, the leaves will regrow fo
Brassicas get hit hard with pests. Plant chives to confuse pests and prevent the whole bed from being devistated.
Easy to grow. Direct Seed recommended. In spring sow 1/4" deep as soon as soil warms up.
Place 4-6 seeds every 6" or 1-2 seeds per inch. Thin to 2-3 plants every 2-8". Keep free of weeds.
Germination 7-14 days at 65-70 F.
Individual leaves harvested once plants established. Harvest leaves before flowering beings. Leaves harvested 3-4 times per y
Direct seed. Sow early in spring through late summer in a 2-4" wide band, seeds 1" apart for small turnips.
Begin harvesting for greens and radish-size turnips in 30 days.
Generally root vegetables are directly sown into the garden.
Important! Beet ‘seeds’ are actually pods containing two seeds. For more consistent
planting, purchase seeds labeled ‘monogerm’ (containing one seed).
Continuous Harvest: Sow every three weeks until mid summer, then late summer until two months before first frost. Germinatio
29ºC). After germination, beets grow best in cooler temperatures. Tolerates down to 26ºF (-3ºC). Spacing: Typical spacing for f
However, beets are harvested at varying stages of growth from micro beets (size of thumbnail), all the way to full maturity (size
Recommended Spacing & Thinning: Plant ½” (1 cm) apart. Thin extras and enjoy some micro greens. Then thin again for a bab
maturity. The benefit of this is more food, more often to maximize your garden space.

Direct sow, 4 seeds per 1" at 1/8" deep. Thin to 3-4" apart when plants reach 1" tall.
Germinate in 4-6 days with temperature 70 F. Plant every 2-3 weeks until 1 month prior to end of season. For cut and come ag
innermost leaves on the plant to ensure the plant will continue to produce leaves at a good rate. Start your harvest with microgr
any time. Usually harvested at baby greens stage (20-25 days).
For bunching, cut just above soil level. For baby leaf, clip leaves for cut-an-come-again. After plants flower, leaves can still be u
Add seaweed emulsion for robust leaf production, especially if you see discoloration.
Ideal growing temps are 45-65ºF (7-18ºC). Protect from freezing with plastic. Protect above 70ºF (21ºC) with shade cloth.
How to thin for cut and come again

Lettuce is hardy and can be planted as early as the soil can be worked. It is a cool weather crop and grows best at temperature
important for hot weather plantings. Sow every 3 weeks for a continuous supply of fresh lettuce.

TRANSPLANTING:
Sow in flats, 4 seeds/in., or in 3/4" plug trays, barely covering seeds with fine vermiculite, 3–4 weeks before transplanting outdo
necessary to keep the soil surface cool, below 75°F (24°C), until germination. If sowing into flats, transplant 1-2" apart into flats
Harden seedlings by reducing water and temperature for 2-3 days before planting outdoors. Properly hardened transplants can
Transplant iceberg and romaine lettuce 10-12" apart, in rows 18" apart. Other types 8-10" apart in rows 12-18" apart for full-size
DIRECT SEEDING:
Seeds germinate even at low, 40°F (4°C), soil temperature, but poorly above 75°F (24°C) depending on the variety and seed lo
Cover seed lightly, about 1/8", and firm soil gently. Thin iceberg and romaine lettuce to one plant every 10-12", other types 8-10
be watered to ensure coolness and moisture, and for uniform germination.
SALAD MIX/BABY LEAF:
Sow in a 2-4" wide band, about 60 seeds/ft.
DAYS TO MATURITY:
For full-size heads in mild temperatures from direct seeding; for days to maturity from transplant date, subtract 10–14 days. NO
weather, and up to 1 week earlier in hot weather.

<ADD YOUR NOTES HERE>