Air liquid

Firstly : SPDs :
SPD is the abbreviation for surge protective device.
The SPD can be connected either as shunt protection or as series protection.
The SPD is Non-linear resistors which acts –in case of lightning flashing- as a short circuit and
the gigantic amount of lightning is to be diverted towards earthing system . on the contrary , it
acts as an open circuit in case of normal operation .
Shunt protection of SPD :
It is the simplest form of power line protection. Shunt SPDs are connected in parallel, passing
dangerous surges quickly to earth whilst clamping the voltage level to protect downstream
equipment. Since Shunt SPDs do not pass the load current, they are very compact. They are
installed from phase-to-neutral and neutral-to-earth, sometimes called “all mode protection” and
are utilised across many industries. Shunt SPDs utilise metal oxide varistors, spark gaps or
silicon diodes, each with advantages and disadvantages, but the design typically depends on the
equipment being protected.
Assay of the lightning protection system :
1- Air terminals :