Module 1 - Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities and Threats
SWOT MATRIX
 Is a framework for analyzing your strengths and
weaknesses as well as the opportunities and threats
that you face. This helps you focus on your
strengths, minimize your weaknesses, and take the
greatest possible advantage of opportunities
available to you.
In performing the SWOT Analysis, you should write
down your answers on the following questions:
STRENGTHS
 What advantages do you have that others don't
have (for example, skills, certifications,
education, or connections)?
 What do you do better than anyone else?
 What personal resources can you access?
 What do other people (and your former
teachers, in particular) see as your strengths?
 Which of your achievements are you most
proud of?
 What values do you believe in that others fail to
exhibit?
 Are you part of a network that no one else is
involved in? If so, what connections do you
have with influential people?
 What do you do well? What unique resources
can you draw on? What do others see as your
strengths?
Reminder: Consider this from your own perspective, and
from the point of view of the people around you. And
don't be modest or shy – be as objective as you can.
Knowing and using your strengths can make you
happier and more fulfilled at work.
WEAKNESSES
 What tasks do you usually avoid because you
don't feel confident doing them?
 What will the people around you see as your
weaknesses?
 Are you completely confident in your education
and skills training? If not, where are you
weakest?
 What are your negative work habits (for
example, are you often late, are you
disorganized, do you have a short temper, or
are you poor at handling stress)?
 Do you have personality traits that hold you
back in your field? For instance, if you have to
conduct meetings on a regular basis, a fear of
public speaking would be a major weakness.
 What could you improve? Where do you have
fewer resources than others? What are others
likely to see as weaknesses?
Reminder: Again, consider this from a personal/internal
perspective and an external perspective. Do other
people see weaknesses that you don't see? Do co-
workers consistently outperform you in key areas? Be
realistic – it's best to face any unpleasant truths as soon
as possible.
OPPORTUNITIES
 What new technology can help you? Or can you
get help from others or from people via the
internet?
 What resources do you have in order to achieve
your goals?
 Do you have a support system? (e.g. family,
friends, partners etc.)
 Does being a medical technology student will
help you to have a bright future?
  How are your strengths help you to achieve you Two broad areas of preventive medicine
goal?

 What opportunities are open to you? What

trends could you take advantage of? How can
you turn your strengths into opportunities?
THREATS
1. Public Health
includes programs and activities directed at community
level and will benefit everyone or individuals who are
not currently under the care of physician.

 What holds you back?

 Are any of your classmates seems intimidating
to you?
 Does changing technology threaten your
position?
 Could any of your weaknesses lead to threats?
2. Risk Factor Evaluation
includes programs and activities directed at individuals
who are currently under the care of physician who
evaluates them for high-risk factors that can cause
disease, educate them about good habits and screens
them for appropriate conditions.

 What threats could harm you? What is your

HEALTH
competition doing? What threats do your
weaknesses expose you to?
A status of complete physical, mental and social well
being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
regarded as person’s physical and psychological
Performing this analysis will often provide key
capacity to establish and maintain balance.
information – it can point out what needs to be done
and put problems into perspective.
ASPECTS OF HEALTH

Module 2 - Health Institution Visit: Barangay 1. Physical Health-refers to condition which

Health Centers and Primary Health Care enables a person to maintain a strong and
(Community Organizing and Health Programs in healthy body.
the Philippines) 2. Mental Health- refers to how a person thinks
of himself, control his emotions and adjust to
COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION AND HEALTH/HEALTH environment.
PROGRAMS IN THE PHILIPPINES 3. Social Health- refers to ways a person feels,
The science of preventing disease, prolonging life and think and acts towards everybody around him.
promoting health and efficiency through organize
community effort. Health or disease
a. Environmental Sanitation
 is expressions of the success or failure of a person
b. Control of Community Infection to respond adaptively to environmental challenges.
c. Education of the individual in principles of
personal hygiene
d. Organization of Medical and nursing services HEALTH
for early diagnosis and preventive treatment of
 successful defense of the host against forces landing
diseases
to disturb body equilibrium.
e. Development of social machinery which will
ensure everyone as standard living adequate
for maintenance of life
DISEASE
 Failure of the body defense mechanism to cope
with forces tending to disturb body equilibrium.
DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH
1. Income and social status - higher income and social
status are linked to better health
2. Education - low education levels are linked with poor
health, more stress and lower self confidence
3. Physical environment - safe water and clean air,
healthy workplace, safe houses, communities and roads
all contribute to good health.
4. Employment and working conditions - people in
employment are healthier, particularly those who have
more control over their working conditions.
5. Social support networks - greater support from
families, friends and communities is linked to a better
health.
6. Culture - customs, traditions and the beliefs of the
family and community all affect the health
7. Genetics - inheritance plays a part in determining
lifespan, healthiness and the likelihood of developing
certain illness.
8. Personal behavior and coping skills - balanced
eating, keeping active, smoking, drinking and how to
deal with life’s stresses and challenges all affect health
9. Health services - access and use of services that
prevent and treat disease influence health
10. Gender - men and women suffer from different
types of diseases at different ages.
Primary Health Care (PHC) as an approach to
delivery of health care services
 WHO defines PHC as essential health care made
universally accessible to individuals and families in
the community by means acceptable to them
through their full participation and at a cost that the
community and country can afford at every stage of
development.
ELEMENTS/COMPONENTS OF PHC
 Environmental sanitation
 Control of communicable disease
 Immunization Health Education
 Family Planning
 Adequate Food and Proper Nutrition
 Provision of Medical Care and Emergency
Treatment
 Treatment of Locally Endemic Diseases
 Provision of Essential Drugs
FOUR CORNERSTONES/PILLARS IN PHC
1. Active community participation
2. Intra and inter-sectoral linkages
3. Use of appropriate technology
4. Support mechanism made available
LEVELS OF HEALTH CARE REFERRAL SYSTEM
1. Primary Level of Care
-It is health care provided by center physicians, public
health nurse, rural midwives, barangay health workers,
traditional healers and others at the barangay health
stations and rural health units.
-First contact between the community members and
the other levels of health facility.
2. Secondary level of care
-Given by physicians with basic health training.
-It is usually given in health facilities privately owned or
government operated such as infirmaries, municipal and
district hospital and out-patient departments of
provincial hospitals.
-This serves as the referral center for the primary health
facilities.
-Secondary facilities are capable of performing minor
surgeries and perform some simple laboratory
examinations
3. Tertiary level of care Unit (NDP-PMU 50), and specifically licensed by the
Bureau of Food and Drugs (BFAD) to sell, distribute,
-Tertiary care is rendered by specialist in health facilities
offer for sale and/or make available low-priced
including medical centers as well as regional and
generic home remedies, over-the counter (OTC)
provincial hospitals and specialized hospitals.
drugs and (2) selected, publicity-known prescription
-Complicated cases and intensive care requires tertiary antibiotic drugs.
care and all these can be provided by the tertiary care
3. Promotion of Breast-feeding program/ Mother and
facility
Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative (MBFHI)
Concepts of Community Health
 The Mother and Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative is
Working together to help people help themselves, not
the main strategy to transform all hospitals with
merely to survive but also achieve the maximum
maternity and new born services into facilities
potential.
which fully protect, promote, support breast
feeding and rooming-in practices
HEALTH PROGRAMS

 To sustain this initiative, the field health personnel

1. Adolescent and Youth Health and Development has to provide antenatal assistance and
Program (AYHDP) breastfeeding counseling to pregnant and
lactating mothers as well as to the breastfeeding
- The program shall remain focus on addressing the support groups in the community; there should
following health concerns regardless of their sex, race also be continuous orientation and re-
and socioeconomic background Growth and orientation/updates to newly hired and old
Development concerns, Nutrition, Physical, Mental and personnel, respectively, in support of this
emotional status Reproductive health Sexuality , initiative.
Reproductive Tract infection (STD, HIV/AIDS)
4. Cancer Control Program
Responsible parenthood, Maternal and Child
health, Communicable diseases, Diarrhea, DHF, Measles  The Philippines Cancer Control Program, begun
Malaria Mental Health Substance use and abuse in 1988, is an integrated approach utilizing
Intentional /non-intentional injuries Disability primary, secondary and tertiary prevention in
different regions of the country at both hospital
Mission: and community levels.
•Ensure that all adolescent and youth have access to
 Six lead Cancers (lung, breast, liver, cervix, oral
quality health care services in an adolescent and youth
cavity, colon and rectum) are discussed.
friendly environment
5. Diabetes Control Program
2. Botika ng Barangay
 Diabetes is a serious chronic metabolic disease
characterized by an increase in blood sugar
 Refers to a drug outlet manage by a legitimate levels associated with long term damage and
community organization (CO/non-government failure or organs functions, especially the eyes,
Organization (NGO) and/or Local Government Unit the kidneys, the nerves, the heart and blood
(LGU), with a trained operator and a supervising vessels.
pharmacist specifically established in accordance
In diabetic, blood sugar reaches a dangerously high level
with Administrative Order No. 144 s. 2004.
which leads to complications

 The BnB outlet should be initially identified,  Blindness

evaluated and selected by the Concerned Center for  Kidney failure
Health Development (CHD), approved by the  Stroke
National Drug-Policy-Pharmaceutical Management  Heart attack
  Wounds that would not heal future
 Impotence
What can you do to control your blood sugar?
9. Environmental Health
1. Diet therapy
2. Exercise  Environmental health is concerned with
3. Control your weight preventing illness through managing the
4. Quit smoking environment and by changing people’s behavior
to reduce exposure to biological and non-
biological agents of disease and injury.
6. Dengue Control Program
 It is concerned primarily with effects of the
environment to the health of the people.
 The thrust of the Dengue Control Program is
Goals:
directed towards community-based prevention
and control in endemic areas Reduction of environmental and occupational related
 Major strategy is advocacy and promotion, diseases, disabilities and deaths through health
particularly the Four O’clock Habit which was promotion and mitigation of hazards and risks in the
adopted by most LGUs. environment and workplaces.
 This is a nationwide, continuous and concerted
effort to eliminate the breeding places of Aedes
aegypti. 10. Expanded program on Immunization
 Other initiatives are dissemination of IEC materials
 The expanded program on immunization is one
and tri-media coverage
of the DOH programs that has already been
institutionalized and adopted by all LGUs in the
7. Dental Health Program region.
 Its objective is to reduce infant mortality and
 Comprehensive Dental Health program aims to
morbidity through decreasing the prevalence of
improve the quality of life of the people
six (6) immunizable diseases (TB, diphtheria,
through the attainment of the highest possible
pertussis, tetanus, polio and measles.
oral health.
 Its objective is to prevent and control dental
diseases and conditions like dental carries and 11. Family Planning
periodontal diseases thus reducing their
 The program is anchored on the following basic
prevalence.
principles
 To attain orally fit children, the program focuses
1. Responsible Parenthood which means that each
on the following package of activities: oral
family has the right and duty to determine the
examination and prophylaxis; sodium fluoride
desired number of children they might have and
mouth rinsing; supervise tooth brushing drill: fit
when they might have them
and fissure sealant application; a-traumatic
2. Respect for life
restorative treatment and IEC
3. Birth spacing refers to interval between
8. Emerging Disease Control Program pregnancies ( which is ideally 3 years)

 Emerging infectious disease are newly identified 12. Food and Waterborne Diseases Prevention and
and previously unknown infection which cause Control Program
public health problems either locally or
 The food and Waterborne Diseases Prevention
internationally.
and Control Program (FWBDPCP) established in
 These include diseases whose incidence in
1997 but became fully operational in 1997 but
humans have increased within the past two
became fully operational in year 2000 with the
decades or threaten to increase in the near
 provision of a budget amounting to PHP
551,000.00
 The program focuses on Cholera, typhoid fever,
hepatitis A and other food borne emerging
diseases (e.g. Paragonimus)
13. Knock out Tigdas
 The Knock-out tigdas is s strategy to reduce the
number or pool of children at risk of getting
measles, or being susceptible to measles and
achieve 95% measles circulation in all
communities in 2008.
14. Leprosy Control program
 Leprosy Control program envisions eliminating
Leprosy as a human disease by 2020 and is
committed to eliminate leprosy as a public
health problem by attaining a national
prevalence rate (PR) of less than 1 per 10,000
populations by year 2000
15. Malaria Control Program
 58 of 80 provinces: malaria endemic
 Population at risk: 12 M
 22 provinces: maintain malaria-free* status
 2– 4 outbreaks per year
Malaria-free: absence of indigenous malaria case
16. National Filariasis Elimination Program
Mission:
 Universal access to quality health services
Program Objectives:
 General Objectives:
To reduce the Prevalence Rate to <1/1000
population
 Specific Objectives
1. To established the endemicity of municipalities
at the end of two years
2. To perform Mass Treatment in established
endemic municipalities for at least four years.
3. To continue surveillance of established endemic
areas five years after Mass treatment
17. National Mental Health Program
 It aims at integrating mental health within the
total health system, initially within the DOH
system, and local health system.
 Within the DOH, it has initiated and sustained
the integration process within the hospital and
public health systems, both at the central and
regional level.
 Furthermore, it aims at ensuring equity in the
availability, accessibility, appropriateness and
affordability of mental health and psychiatric
services in the country.
18. Newborn screening
 Newborn Screening (NBS) is a simple procedure
to find out if your baby has a congenital
metabolic disorder that may lead to mental
retardation and even death if left untreated
19. Occupational Health Program
Vision/Mission Statement
 Health for all occupations in partnership with
the workers, employers, local government
authorities and other sectors in promoting self-
sustaining programs and improvement of
workers’ health and working environment.
 Program Objective and Targets: To promote and
protect the health and wellbeing of the working
population thru improved health, better
working conditions and workers’ environment
20. Health development Program for Older Persons
 The Program intends to promote and improve the
quality of life of older persons through the
establishments and provision of basic health
services for older persons, formulation of policies
and guidelines pertaining to older persons,
provision of information and health education to
 the public, dedicated to older person and, the
conduct of basic and applied researches.
21. Pinoy MD Program “Gusto Kong Maging Doktor”
 A Medical scholarship Grant for Indigenous
People, Local Health Workers, Barangay Health
workers, Department of Health employees or their
children.
 This is a joint program of the Department of
Health (DOH), Philippine Charity Sweepstakes
Office (PCSO), and several State Universities and
Medical Schools
22. Prevention of Blindness Program
 To eliminate all avoidable blindness by preventing
and controlling diseases through the development
of human resource, infrastructure, and
appropriate technology
23. Schistosomiasis Control Program
 Goal of the National Schistosomiasis control
program is to eliminate Schistosomiasis as a public
health problem (Prevalence of 1% and below)
24. National TB Control Program
 In 1196, WHO introduced the Directly Observed
Treatment Short Course (DOTS) to ensure
completion of treatment
 The DOTS strategy depends on five elements for
its success:
 Microscope, Medicines, Monitoring, DOT and
Political Commitment
 If any of these elements are missing, our ability to
consistency cure TB patients slips through our
fingers.
25. Republic Act 7719 is otherwise known as “Blood
Services Act of 1994”
The main Objectives are:
 To promote and encourage voluntary blood
donation by the citizenry and to instill public
consciousness of the principle that blood donation
is a humanitarian act
 To provide, adequate, safe, affordable and
equitable distribution of supply of blood and
blood products
 MIXED SECTORS
•PTS - Philippine Tuberculosis society
•PCS - Philippine Cancer Society
•PNRC - Philippine National Red Cross
•PMHA - Philippine Mental Health Association
•PHA - Philippine Heart Association
PRIVATE SECTORS
1. Socialized Medicine - funded b general taxation,
emphasis on prevention
2. Compulsory Health insurance - law requires people
to subscribe to health insurance plan, usually
government sponsored; covers only curative and
rehabilitative medicine; preventive services provided by
government agencies
3. Voluntary Health insurance - government only
encourages people to subscribe to health insurance
4. Free Enterprise- people have to take care of their
medical needs.