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Astm C805 97 PDF
Astm C805 97 PDF
This specification has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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C 805
exhibit higher rebound numbers than screeded or formed 7. Procedure
finishes. If possible, structural slabs should be tested from the 7.1 Hold the instrument firmly so that the plunger is
underside to avoid finished surfaces. perpendicular to the test surface. Gradually push the instrument
6.2 Preparation of Test Surface—A test area shall be at least toward the test surface until the hammer impacts. After impact,
150 mm (6 in.) in diameter. Heavily textured, soft, or surfaces maintain pressure on the instrument and, if necessary, depress
with loose mortar shall be ground smooth with the abrasive the button on the side of the instrument to lock the plunger in
stone described in 5.2. Smooth-formed or troweled surfaces do its retracted position. Estimate the rebound number on the scale
not have to be ground prior to testing (Note 2). to the nearest whole number and record the rebound number.
NOTE 2—Where formed surfaces were ground, increases in rebound Take ten readings from each test area. No two impact tests shall
number of 2.1 for plywood formed surfaces and 0.4 for high-density be closer together than 25 mm (1 in.). Examine the impression
plywood formed surfaces have been noted.4 Dry concrete surfaces give made on the surface after impact, and if the impact crushes or
higher rebound numbers than wet surfaces. The presence of surface breaks through a near-surface air void disregard the reading
carbonation can also result in higher rebound numbers.5 The effects of and take another reading.
drying and surface carbonation can be reduced by thoroughly wetting the
surface for 24 h prior to testing. In cases of a thick layer of carbonate
concrete, it may be necessary to remove the carbonated layer in the test 8. Calculation
area, using a power grinder, to obtain rebound numbers that are represen- 8.1 Discard readings differing from the average of 10
tative of the interior concrete. Data are not available on the relationship readings by more than 6 units and determine the average of the
between rebound number and thickness of cabonated concrete. The user remaining readings. If more than 2 readings differ from the
must exercise professional judgement when testing carbonated concrete.
average by 6 units, discard the entire set of readings and
6.2.1 Ground and unground surfaces should not be com- detemine rebound numbers at 10 new locations within the test
pared. area.
6.3 Other factors that may affect the results of the test are as
follows: 9. Report
6.3.1 Concrete at 0°C (32°F) or less may exhibit very high 9.1 Report the following information for each test area:
rebound values. Concrete should be tested only after it has 9.1.1 Date and time of testing.
thawed. 9.1.2 Identification of location tested in the concrete con-
6.3.2 The temperatures of the rebound hammer itself may struction and the type and size of member tested,
affect the rebound number. 9.1.2.1 Description of the concrete mixture proportions
NOTE 3—Rebound hammers at − 18°C (0°F) may exhibit rebound including type of coarse aggregates if known, and
numbers reduced by as much as 2 or 3.6 9.1.2.2 Design strength of concrete tested.
6.3.3 For readings to be compared the direction of impact, 9.1.3 Description of the test area including:
horizontal, downward, upward, etc., must be the same or 9.1.3.1 Surface characteristics (trowelled, screeded) of area,
established correction factors shall be applied to the readings. 9.1.3.2 If surface was ground and depth of grinding,
6.3.4 Different hammers of the same nominal design may 9.1.3.3 Type of form material used for test area,
give rebound numbers differing from 1 to 3 units and therefore, 9.1.3.4 Curing conditions of test area,
tests should be made with the same hammer in order to 9.1.3.5 Type of exposure to the environment,
compare results. If more than one hammer is to be used, a 9.1.4 Hammer identification and serial number,
sufficient number of tests must be made on typical concrete 9.1.4.1 Air temperature at the time of testing,
surfaces so as to determine the magnitude of the differences to 9.1.4.2 Orientation of hammer during test,
be expected. 9.1.5 Average rebound number for test area, and
6.3.5 Rebound hammers shall be serviced and verified 9.1.5.1 Remarks regarding discarded readings of test data or
semiannually and whenever there is reason to question their any unusual conditions.
proper operation. Test anvils described in 5.3 are recommended
for verification. 10. Precision and Bias
10.1 Precision—The single-specimen, single-operator, ma-
NOTE 4—Verification on an anvil will not guarantee that the hammer
chine, day standard deviation is 2.5 units (1s) as defined in
will yield repeatable data at other points on the scale. Some users compare
several hammers on concrete or stone surfaces encompassing the usual Practice E 177. Therefore, the range of ten readings should not
range of rebound numbers encountered in the field. exceed 12.
10.2 Bias—The bias of this test method cannot be evaluated
since the rebound number can only be determined in terms of
4
Gaynor, R. D., “In-Place Strength of Concrete—A Comparison of Two Test this test method.
Systems,” and “Appendix to Series 193,” National Ready Mixed Concrete Assn.,
TIL No. 272, November 1969. 11. Keywords
5
Zoldners, N. G., “Calibration and Use of Impact Test Hammer,” Proceedings,
American Concrete Institute, Vol 54, August 1957, pp. 161–165. 11.1 concrete; in-place strength; nondestructive testing; re-
6
National Ready Mixed Concrete Assn., TIL No. 260, April 1968. bound hammer; rebound number
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