CVL141
Civil Engineering Materials
Chapter 1
Shashank Bishnoi
Introduction
2
S. Bishnoi, IIT Delhi
Contact information
Dr. Shashank Bishnoi
Department of Civil Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
bishnoi@iitd.ac.in
http://web.iitd.ac.in/~bishnoi/
Ofce: V-218, 1185
3
S. Bishnoi, IIT Delhi
Course policies
Marks:
Minor I: 20%
Minor II: 20%
Quizzes: 20%
Major: 40%
All phones switched of
Class starts on time
4
S. Bishnoi, IIT Delhi
Course outline
Introduction to materials
Cement and Concrete
Metals
Bricks
Glass
Polymers
Other materials
5
S. Bishnoi, IIT Delhi
Why a course on materials?
What types of materials do we use?
What applications can materials have?
What should be the properties of these
materials?
Usability?
Serviceability?
Strength?
Durability?
How do we test materials?
How do we dispose of these materials?
6
S. Bishnoi, IIT Delhi
Civil engineering materials
7 equipmentworld.com braenstone.com exponent.com
S. Bishnoi, IIT Delhi
Civil engineering materials
Cement
Concrete
Bricks
Timber
Asphalt
Stone
Mud
Metals
Glass
Polymers
Paints and coatings
Ceramics
...
8
S. Bishnoi, IIT Delhi
The science of materials
Chemistry
Physics
Quantum physics!!!
Mechanics
Optics
Acoustics
9
S. Bishnoi, IIT Delhi
The scale of materials
Metres
Centimetres
Milimetres
Micrometres
Nanometres
Atoms!!!
10
S. Bishnoi, IIT Delhi
The scale of construction materials
11 eastbaytimes.com From Kocaba
S. Bishnoi, IIT Delhi
The life of materials
Availability
Resources
Extraction or/and production
Usability – workability
Predictability
Serviceability
Strength
Durability
Disposability
12
S. Bishnoi, IIT Delhi
Availability
13
S. Bishnoi, IIT Delhi
Extraction and/or production
14
S. Bishnoi, IIT Delhi
Usability
15
S. Bishnoi, IIT Delhi
Usability
16
S. Bishnoi, IIT Delhi
Predictability in laboratory
17
S. Bishnoi, IIT Delhi
Predictability on site
18
S. Bishnoi, IIT Delhi
Serviceability
19
S. Bishnoi, IIT Delhi
Strength
20
S. Bishnoi, IIT Delhi
Durability
21
S. Bishnoi, IIT Delhi
Disposability
22
S. Bishnoi, IIT Delhi
So let's try to understand
materials!
23
S. Bishnoi, IIT Delhi
Source of materials
M g rest
K
N a
C a
F e
A l O
S i
Earth's crust
24
S. Bishnoi, IIT Delhi
What materials do we use?
105
Metals
Titanium
Ceramics
104
Polymers
Price ($/t)
Aluminium
Steel
103 Polyamide
Wood
Polythelyne
102 Bricks / Masonry
Concrete
10
103 105 107 109 1011
Annual production (t/yr)
Source: INTRODUCTION à LA SCIENCE DES MATÉRIAUX, Kurz,Mercier, Zambelli,. PPUR , 2002
25
S. Bishnoi, IIT Delhi
Mechanical behaviour: solids
Roussel 2013
26
S. Bishnoi, IIT Delhi
Stress-strain behaviour
27 Neville and Brooks 1987
S. Bishnoi, IIT Delhi
Mechanical behaviour: fuids
Roussel 2013
28
S. Bishnoi, IIT Delhi
Viscoelasticity
Neville and Brooks 1987
29
S. Bishnoi, IIT Delhi
Fatigue – cyclic loading
Mehta and Monteiro 2006, after Karsen and Jirsa 1969
30
S. Bishnoi, IIT Delhi
Defects and faws
All materials have faws
Cracks
Crystal defects
Substitutions
Non-uniformities
Flaws make important contribution to
properties
True material properties make limited
contribution
31
S. Bishnoi, IIT Delhi
Interesting facts
Cement and concrete are not new
materials... they have existed for
thousands of years!
32
S. Bishnoi, IIT Delhi
Interesting facts
Fired clay bricks are the most long-
lasting construction material
33
S. Bishnoi, IIT Delhi
Interesting facts
Delignifed cellulose fbres can have
strengths from 500 MPa to 2000 MPa
34
S. Bishnoi, IIT Delhi
Interesting facts
Bitumen is one of the few massively
used organic construction materials
Petroleum product!
35 Burger
S. Bishnoi, IIT Delhi
Interesting facts
Pure metals are too
soft to use in
construction
Contamination is
important!
36
S. Bishnoi, IIT Delhi
Summary
Materials used in construction
Properties of materials
Life of materials
Types of materials
37
S. Bishnoi, IIT Delhi
Thank you!
38
S. Bishnoi, IIT Delhi
