IGCSE Combined Science Past Papers Booklet

Science Department
IGCSE
Combined Science
Past Papers Booklet
2020 – 2021
Class: ---------------------------------------------------
Name: --------------------------------------------------
Cambridge International Examinations
Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education
COMBINED SCIENCE 0653/11

Paper 1 Multiple Choice (Core) May/June 2018
45 minutes
Additional Materials: Multiple Choice Answer Sheet
Soft clean eraser
*1320559980*
Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended)
READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST
Write in soft pencil.

Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid.
Write your name, Centre number and candidate number on the Answer Sheet in the spaces provided
unless this has been done for you.
DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES.
There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions. For each question there are four possible
answers A, B, C and D.
Choose the one you consider correct and record your choice in soft pencil on the separate Answer Sheet.
Read the instructions on the Answer Sheet very carefully.
Each correct answer will score one mark. A mark will not be deducted for a wrong answer.
Any rough working should be done in this booklet.
A copy of the Periodic Table is printed on page 16.
Electronic calculators may be used.
This document consists of 16 printed pages.
IB18 06_0653_11/2RP
© UCLES 2018 [Turn over
2
1 Most cars burn fossil fuels to release energy for their movement.
Which characteristic of living organisms is similar to this?
A excretion
B growth
C nutrition
D respiration
2 The diagram shows a plant cell with some structures labelled.
5
2
4 3
Which two structures are also present in animal cells?
A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 4 D 3 and 5
3 Food chewed in the mouth is mixed with enzymes which begin the process of chemical digestion.
What type of molecule is an enzyme?
A carbohydrate
B fat
C protein
D vitamin
4 Which two chemical substances are required for photosynthesis?
A carbon dioxide and glucose

B glucose and oxygen
C oxygen and water
D water and carbon dioxide
© UCLES 2018 0653/11/M/J/18

3
5 The diagram shows a section through a human tooth.
Which part is made of the hardest material?
6 The diagram shows a plant in a controlled environment.
controlled
environment
damp
soil
The list gives three ways in which the environment can be altered.
1 humidity increased
2 light intensity increased
3 temperature increased
Which changes will cause an increase in the rate of transpiration of the plant?
1 2 3
A
B
C
D
© UCLES 2018 0653/11/M/J/18 [Turn over

4
7 The diagram shows a section through the human heart.
valve 4
valve 3
valve 2 valve 1
What happens to the valves as blood is being pumped to the lungs?
valve 1 valve 2 valve 3 valve 4
A closed closed open closed

B closed closed open open
C open open closed closed
D open open closed open
8 A student set up the experiment shown in the diagram.
oil layer
limewater
millipede
Which statement is correct?
A If the limewater stays colourless, aerobic respiration is occurring.

B If the limewater stays colourless, photosynthesis is occurring.
C If the limewater turns milky, aerobic respiration is occurring.
D If the limewater turns milky, photosynthesis is occurring.
© UCLES 2018 0653/11/M/J/18

5
9 What are the growth responses of a plant to gravity?
root grows stem grows
A away from gravity away from gravity

B away from gravity towards gravity
C towards gravity away from gravity
D towards gravity towards gravity
10 The diagram shows four tubes set up to investigate germination. All of the tubes are at 25 °C.
In which tube will the seeds germinate first?
A B C D
carbon oxygen carbon oxygen

dioxide dioxide
seeds seeds seeds seeds
dry cotton dry cotton wet cotton wet cotton

wool wool wool wool
11 The diagrams show the human male and female reproductive systems.
2 4
Which numbered parts produce gametes?

6
12 The diagram shows a food chain.
maize → mouse → owl
Which terms describe the organisms in this food chain?
maize mouse owl
A consumer carnivore producer

B consumer herbivore carnivore
C producer carnivore herbivore
D producer herbivore carnivore
13 What is not an effect of deforestation?
A extinction of species
B flooding of farmland
C increase of oxygen in the air
D loss of soil
14 The diagrams represent different substances.
P Q R S T
Which row describes the substances?
only separate mixture of atoms

only molecules
atoms and molecules
A P Q S
B Q T R
C T P R
D T Q P
© UCLES 2018 0653/11/M/J/18

7
15 Which row describes the method used to obtain salt from salt water and petrol from petroleum?
salt from salt water petrol from petroleum
A crystallisation distillation
B crystallisation fractional distillation
C filtration distillation
D filtration fractional distillation
16 Some changes are listed.
1 boiling
2 decomposing
3 evaporating
4 oxidising
Which changes are physical changes?
17 Lithium, a Group I element, reacts with fluorine, a Group VII element, to form lithium fluoride.
Lithium fluoride is an ionic substance.
Which row describes how the ions are formed from the atoms?
lithium atom fluorine atom
A gains an electron gains an electron

B gains an electron loses an electron
C loses an electron gains an electron
D loses an electron loses an electron

8
18 The diagram represents molecules of phosphine.
H
H
H P
P H
H
H
H H
H P
P H
H H
What is the formula of a molecule of phosphine?
A HP B HP3 C PH3 D P4H12
19 The diagram shows apparatus for electrolysis.
Only one label is correct.
electrode
+ –
cathode anode
electrolyte
Which label on the diagram is correct?
A anode
B cathode
C electrode
D electrolyte
© UCLES 2018 0653/11/M/J/18

9
20 Which change must take place in an endothermic reaction?
A Bubbles of gas are released.

B The mass decreases.
C The temperature decreases.
D The temperature increases.
21 Magnesium reacts with steam to form magnesium oxide and hydrogen gas.
magnesium + water → magnesium oxide + hydrogen
Which statement about this reaction is correct?
A Hydrogen gas is reduced.

B Magnesium is oxidised.
C Magnesium is reduced.
D Water is oxidised.
22 Aqueous ammonia is added to a solution containing a salt.
A white precipitate is produced which dissolves in excess aqueous ammonia.
Which ion is present in the salt?
A iron(II)
B iron(III)
C ammonium
D zinc
23 Which statement describes the metallic character of elements in Period 2 of the Periodic Table?
A The first and last elements in this period are metals.

B The metallic elements are in the centre of this period.
C The metallic elements are on the left of this period.
D The metallic elements are on the right of this period.

10
24 Which statement about transition metals is not correct?
A They are often used as catalysts.

B They form colourless compounds.
C They have high densities.
D They have high melting points.
25 Which element is a metal?
melting point density conducts

/ °C g / cm3 electricity
A –39 13.6 yes

B 44 1.8 no
C 113 2.1 no
D 1410 2.3 no
26 Which chemical reactions produce carbon dioxide?
hydrochloric hydrochloric
acid acid complete
+ + combustion respiration
calcium sodium of methane
carbonate hydroxide
A
B
C
D
27 Which statement about organic compounds is not correct?
A An ethene molecule contains a double bond.

B Molecules of ethane and ethanol contain the same number of carbon atoms.
C The complete combustion of hydrocarbons produces carbon dioxide and water.
D The main constituent of natural gas is ethane.
© UCLES 2018 0653/11/M/J/18

11
28 A vehicle takes 30 minutes to travel a distance of 60 km.
What is the average speed of the vehicle?
A 2.0 km / hour
B 30 km / hour
C 120 km / hour
D 1800 km / hour
29 What is the weight of an object?
A the acceleration of the object due to gravity

B the energy of the object due to its position
C the force acting on the object due to gravity
D the quantity of matter in the object
30 The diagram shows a solid rectangular block of mass 24 kg with the dimensions shown.
2.0 m
2.0 m
3.0 m
What is the density of the material from which the block is made?
A 0.25 kg / m3 B 0.50 kg / m3 C 2.0 kg / m3 D 4.0 kg / m3
31 Electricity can be obtained from the energy in water behind a hydroelectric dam.
Is this energy resource renewable, and in which form is its energy stored?
renewable form of energy
A no chemical
B no gravitational potential
C yes chemical
D yes gravitational potential

12
32 Three beakers contain samples of the same substance. The diagrams indicate the molecular
structures of the substance in each of the beakers.
Which change of state is represented by the arrow?
A liquid to gas
B liquid to solid
C solid to gas
D solid to liquid
33 On a summer’s day, hot air rises above hot roofs.
What is the name of this process?
A concentration
B condensation
C conduction
D convection
© UCLES 2018 0653/11/M/J/18

13
34 The diagram represents a wave.
2.0
distance / cm
1.5
1.0
0.5
0 time / s
0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5
–0.5
–1.0
–1.5
–2.0
What is the amplitude of the wave, and what is the frequency of the wave?
amplitude / cm frequency / Hz
A 2.0 0.50
B 2.0 2.0
C 4.0 0.50
D 4.0 2.0
35 The diagram shows a ray of light as it enters a glass block.
Which labelled angle is the angle of refraction?
ray of
light
A
B
D
C glass block
36 Which waves are not electromagnetic waves?
A gamma
B infra-red
C light
D sound

14
37 A man sees a car door being slammed shut.
After 0.30 s, he hears the sound of the door being shut.
The speed of sound in air is 300 m / s.
How far away is the man from the car door?
A 9.0 m B 90 m C 100 m D 1000 m
38 A negative ion X is close to a positive ion and another negative ion. Electrical forces act on ion X
because of the charges in the other two ions.
Which diagram shows the directions of the two forces acting on ion X?
A B C D
positive
ion + + + +
– ion X – ion X – ion X – ion X
– – – –
negative
ion
39 An electric kettle has the following label attached to its base.
current: 7.5 A
frequency: 50 Hz
power: 1800 W
voltage: 240 V
How is an appropriate fuse for the kettle labelled?
A 10 A B 60 Hz C 2000 W D 300 V
© UCLES 2018 0653/11/M/J/18

15
40 A student determines the resistance of resistor R.
Which circuit is used to obtain the readings needed?
A B
+ – + –
V
R R
A A
C D
+ – + –
R R
V
A V
Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.
To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
International Examinations Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at
www.cie.org.uk after the live examination series.
Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local
Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.
© UCLES 2018 0653/11/M/J/18

The Periodic Table of Elements
Group
I II III IV V VI VII VIII
© UCLES 2018
1 2
H He
hydrogen helium
Key 1 4
3 4 atomic number 5 6 7 8 9 10
Li Be atomic symbol B C N O F Ne
lithium beryllium name boron carbon nitrogen oxygen fluorine neon
7 9 relative atomic mass 11 12 14 16 19 20
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
sodium magnesium aluminium silicon phosphorus sulfur chlorine argon
23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
potassium calcium scandium titanium vanadium chromium manganese iron cobalt nickel copper zinc gallium germanium arsenic selenium bromine krypton
39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 64 65 70 73 75 79 80 84
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
rubidium strontium yttrium zirconium niobium molybdenum technetium ruthenium rhodium palladium silver cadmium indium tin antimony tellurium iodine xenon
85 88 89 91 93 96 – 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131
16
55 56 57–71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
lanthanoids
Cs Ba Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
0653/11/M/J/18
caesium barium hafnium tantalum tungsten rhenium osmium iridium platinum gold mercury thallium lead bismuth polonium astatine radon
133 137 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209 – – –
87 88 89–103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 114 116
actinoids
Fr Ra Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Fl Lv
francium radium rutherfordium dubnium seaborgium bohrium hassium meitnerium darmstadtium roentgenium copernicium flerovium livermorium
– – – – – – – – – – – – –
57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
lanthanoids La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
lanthanum cerium praseodymium neodymium promethium samarium europium gadolinium terbium dysprosium holmium erbium thulium ytterbium lutetium
139 140 141 144 – 150 152 157 159 163 165 167 169 173 175
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
actinoids Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
actinium thorium protactinium uranium neptunium plutonium americium curium berkelium californium einsteinium fermium mendelevium nobelium lawrencium
– 232 231 238 – – – – – – – – – – –
The volume of one mole of any gas is 24 dm3 at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p.).

Paper 2 Multiple Choice (Extended) May/June 2018
45 minutes
Soft clean eraser
*7603036318*

IB18 06_0653_21/2RP
2
1 Most cars burn fossil fuels to release energy for their movement.
Which characteristic of living organisms is similar to this?
A excretion
B growth
C nutrition
D respiration
2 Which structure controls the passage of substances into and out of a cell?
A cell membrane
B cell wall
C nucleus
D vacuole
© UCLES 2018 0653/21/M/J/18

3
3 Amylase is an enzyme that digests starch.
Identical mixtures of starch and amylase are kept at different temperatures.
The percentage of starch digested in 20 minutes is recorded.
The results are shown in the graph.
100
percentage of
starch digested
in 20 minutes 50
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
temperature / °C
The mixtures that were kept at 0 °C and 70 °C are then kept at a temperature of 40 °C for one
hour.
What are the results after this hour?
percentage of starch digested

sample originally sample originally
kept at 0 °C kept at 70 °C
A 0 0
B 0 100
C 100 0
D 100 100
4 Which two chemical substances are required for photosynthesis?
A carbon dioxide and glucose

B glucose and oxygen
C oxygen and water
D water and carbon dioxide

4
5 The diagram shows a plant in a controlled environment.
controlled
environment
damp
soil
The list gives three ways in which the environment can be altered.
1 humidity increased
2 light intensity increased
3 temperature increased
Which changes will cause an increase in the rate of transpiration of the plant?
1 2 3
A
B
C
D
© UCLES 2018 0653/21/M/J/18

5
6 The diagram shows a section through the human heart.
valve 4
valve 3
valve 2 valve 1
What happens to the valves as blood is being pumped to the lungs?
valve 1 valve 2 valve 3 valve 4
A closed closed open closed

B closed closed open open
C open open closed closed
D open open closed open
7 What is the maximum number of carbon dioxide molecules produced when four glucose
molecules are used in aerobic respiration?
A 6 B 12 C 24 D 48
8 Why is tar in cigarette smoke a harmful chemical?
A It causes addiction.
B It causes cancer.
C It makes platelets stick together.
D It sticks to blood vessel walls.

6
9 The diagram shows a seedling with its shoot horizontal.
shoot P
Gravity is the stimulus acting on the seedling.
Where will the greatest concentrations of auxin be found in the shoot and what effect will this
have on the rate of cell elongation?
greatest concentration effect of auxin on rate

of auxin of cell elongation
A P increases
B P decreases
C Q increases
D Q decreases
10 Why are many flowers brightly coloured?
A to attract insects to pollinate the flower

B to encourage birds to eat insects on the flower
C to frighten animals away from the flower
D to help with wind-pollination of the flower
11 The diagrams show the human male and female reproductive systems.
2 4
Which numbered parts produce gametes?
© UCLES 2018 0653/21/M/J/18

7
12 At which trophic level in a food chain does transpiration occur?
A trophic level 1
B trophic level 2
C trophic level 3
D trophic level 4
13 Which statement about greenhouse gases is correct?
A They are caused by acid rain.

B They are produced by photosynthesis.
C They generate heat when they react with sunlight.
D They reduce the loss of heat from the Earth.
14 The diagrams represent different substances.
P Q R S T
Which row describes the substances?
only separate mixture of atoms

only molecules
atoms and molecules
A P Q S
B Q T R
C T P R
D T Q P
15 Which row describes the method used to obtain salt from salt water and petrol from petroleum?
salt from salt water petrol from petroleum
A crystallisation distillation
B crystallisation fractional distillation
C filtration distillation
D filtration fractional distillation

8
16 Some changes are listed.
1 boiling
2 decomposing
3 evaporating
4 oxidising
Which changes are physical changes?
17 The formula of a sodium ion is Na+. The formula of an oxide ion is O2–.
What is the formula of sodium oxide?
A NaO B NaO2 C Na2O D Na2O3
18 The diagram shows apparatus for electrolysis.
Only one label is correct.
electrode
+ –
cathode anode
electrolyte
Which label on the diagram is correct?
A anode
B cathode
C electrode
D electrolyte
© UCLES 2018 0653/21/M/J/18

9
19 Molten sodium chloride is electrolysed.
Which row shows the product and the equation for the reaction at the stated electrode?
equation for reaction

electrode product
at the electrode
A negative chlorine 2Cl – → Cl 2 + 2e–

B negative sodium Na+ + e– → Na
C positive chlorine 2Cl 2– → Cl 2 + 4e–
D positive sodium Na+ + 2e– → Na
20 Which change must take place in an endothermic reaction?
A Bubbles of gas are released.

B The mass decreases.
C The temperature decreases.
D The temperature increases.
21 The volume of carbon dioxide produced in a reaction is measured.
The results are plotted on a graph.
At which time is the rate of reaction greatest?
volume of
carbon dioxide
A B C D
time

10
22 Four reaction equations involving oxides of iron are listed.
1 Fe2O3 + 2Al → Al 2O3 + 2Fe
2 4FeO + O2 → 2Fe2O3
3 FeO + H2 → Fe + H2O
4 2FeO + C → 2Fe + CO2
A In reaction 1, Al is being oxidised by Fe2O3.

B In reaction 2, FeO is being reduced by O2.
C In reaction 3, H2 is being reduced by FeO.
D In reaction 4, FeO is being oxidised by carbon.
23 Excess solid copper oxide is added to warm dilute sulfuric acid and stirred.
How are pure copper sulfate crystals obtained from the mixture?
A distil the mixture → wash the solid → dry the solid
B filter the mixture → distil the filtrate
C filter the mixture → heat the filtrate to saturation → cool and filter → dry the solid
D heat the mixture to saturation → cool and filter → dry the solid
24 Which statement describes the metallic character of elements in Period 2 of the Periodic Table?
A The first and last elements in this period are metals.

B The metallic elements are in the centre of this period.
C The metallic elements are on the left of this period.
D The metallic elements are on the right of this period.
25 The arrangement of particles in four substances is shown.
Which diagram represents an alloy?
A B C D
+ – + –
– + – +
+ – + –
© UCLES 2018 0653/21/M/J/18

11
26 Which process produces a gas that contributes to climate change?
A the electrolysis of molten lead(II) bromide
B the reaction of calcium with water

C the reaction of copper oxide with dilute sulfuric acid
D the thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate
27 Butane, C4H10, and decane, C10H22, are alkanes.
Molecules of decane are larger than molecules of butane.
Which row describes the properties of decane compared to those of butane?
intermolecular
boiling point
attractive forces
A higher stronger
B higher weaker
C lower stronger
D lower weaker
28 Diagrams 1, 2 and 3 show two distance-time graphs and one speed-time graph.
distance distance speed
0 0 0
0 time 0 time 0 time
diagram 1 diagram 2 diagram 3
Which of the diagrams represent the motion of an object that is accelerating?
A 1 and 2 B 1 only C 2 only D 3 only

12
29 A student takes an object from one place on Earth to another place where the gravitational field is
weaker.
Which property of the object has a smaller value at the second location?
A density
B mass
C volume
D weight
30 An unstretched spring obeys Hooke’s law and has a length of 10 cm. A load with a mass of 2.0 kg
is hung from it, and its length becomes 14 cm.
The load is now increased to 6.0 kg, and the new length of the spring is Y. The limit of
proportionality is not reached.
10 cm
14 cm
Y
2.0 kg
6.0 kg
What is Y?
A 22 cm B 26 cm C 30 cm D 42 cm
31 Electricity can be obtained from the energy in water behind a hydroelectric dam.
Is this energy resource renewable, and in which form is its energy stored?
renewable form of energy
A no chemical
B no gravitational potential
C yes chemical
D yes gravitational potential
© UCLES 2018 0653/21/M/J/18

13
32 A machine does 6.0 kJ of useful work in 20 minutes.
How much useful power does it produce?
A 0.30 W B 5.0 W C 120 W D 300 W
33 On a summer’s day, hot air rises above hot roofs.
What is the name of this process?
A concentration
B condensation
C conduction
D convection
34 A radio station transmits signals at a frequency of 9.1 × 107 Hz.
What is the wavelength of the radio waves?
Light travels at a speed of 3.0 × 108 m / s.
A 0.30 m B 0.33 m C 3.0 m D 3.3 m
35 The diagram shows a ray of light as it enters a glass block.
Which labelled angle is the angle of refraction?
ray of
light
A
B
D
C glass block

14
36 Optical fibres are used to transmit telephone conversations.
What is transmitted by the optical fibres?
A electromagnetic waves with constant amplitude

B pulses of electromagnetic waves
C pulses of sound waves
D sound waves with constant amplitude
37 A student writes two sentences about sound waves.
‘A sound wave travels through the air as compressions and ......X...... .’
‘The air at the compressions has a different ......Y...... from the air at ......X...... .’
What are the missing words, X and Y?
X Y
A rarefactions density
B rarefactions state
C refractions density
D refractions state
38 A negative ion X is close to a positive ion and another negative ion. Electrical forces act on ion X
because of the charges in the other two ions.
Which diagram shows the directions of the two forces acting on ion X?
A B C D
positive
ion + + + +
– ion X – ion X – ion X – ion X
– – – –
negative
ion
39 A 240 V mains supply causes a current of 4.00 A in a heater.
How much energy is transferred in the heater in 5.00 minutes?
A 192 J B 4800 J C 18 000 J D 288 000 J
© UCLES 2018 0653/21/M/J/18

15
40 An electric kettle has the following label attached to its base.
current: 7.5 A
frequency: 50 Hz
power: 1800 W
voltage: 240 V
How is an appropriate fuse for the kettle labelled?
A 10 A B 60 Hz C 2000 W D 300 V
© UCLES 2018 0653/21/M/J/18

Group
© UCLES 2018
1 2
H He
hydrogen helium
Key 1 4
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 64 65 70 73 75 79 80 84
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
85 88 89 91 93 96 – 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131
16
55 56 57–71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
lanthanoids
0653/21/M/J/18
133 137 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209 – – –
87 88 89–103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 114 116
actinoids
– – – – – – – – – – – – –
57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
139 140 141 144 – 150 152 157 159 163 165 167 169 173 175
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
– 232 231 238 – – – – – – – – – – –
* 0 9 2 1 4 4 5 1 7 2 *

Paper 3 (Core) May/June 2018
1 hour 15 minutes
Candidates answer on the Question Paper.
No Additional Materials are required.
Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in.
Write in dark blue or black pen.
You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
Answer all questions.

You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units.
At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.
This document consists of 19 printed pages and 1 blank page.
DC (RW/CT) 153418/2
2
1 (a) Substances in food can be identified using test solutions.
Use lines to join each substance with the correct test solution and the colour of its positive
result.
One example is done for you.
substance test solution colour of positive result
fats Benedict’s solution blue‑black
protein biuret solution milky emulsion
reducing sugar ethanol purple
starch iodine solution red
[3]
(b) Fig. 1.1 shows three leaves, P, Q and R.
The leaves are of similar size. They are all taken from the same type of plant on a sunny day.
green yellow
P Q R
Fig. 1.1
© UCLES 2018 0653/31/M/J/18

3
(i) The leaves in Fig. 1.1 are all tested for the presence of starch. P, Q and R are found to
contain different amounts of starch.
Use Fig. 1.1 to place the leaves P, Q and R in order of the amount of starch they contain.
.......................................... highest amount of starch
..........................................
.......................................... lowest amount of starch [1]
(ii) Explain your answer to (i).
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[2]
(c) The word equation for photosynthesis is shown.
carbon dioxide + water glucose + oxygen
Describe how carbon dioxide and water enter a plant.
carbon dioxide ..........................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
water .........................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
[4]
(d) A student made the following statement.
‘Plants carry out respiration in their cells only when it is dark.’
(i) State whether you agree with the student’s statement and explain your decision.
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) State one use of the energy released by respiration in plants.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]

4
2 (a) A student investigates the reactivity of four different metals.
She places pieces of calcium, copper, iron and zinc separately in dilute hydrochloric acid, as
shown in Fig. 2.1.
metal
dilute
hydrochloric
acid
Fig. 2.1
(i) Place these four metals in order of reactivity, from most to least reactive.
........................................... most reactive
...........................................
...........................................
........................................... least reactive

[2]
(ii) Suggest what happens to the pH number of the acid when it reacts with a piece of metal.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(b) Excess magnesium powder reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid.
During this reaction, a gas and aqueous magnesium chloride solution are produced.
(i) Name this gas.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) State how the unreacted solid magnesium can be removed from the reaction mixture.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(iii) State how solid magnesium chloride can be obtained from magnesium chloride solution.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
© UCLES 2018 0653/31/M/J/18

5
(c) An atom of an isotope of magnesium is represented by:
25
12 Mg
(i) State the atomic number and the mass number of this atom.
atomic number .......................................
mass number .......................................

[1]
(ii) State the number of neutrons in this atom.
....................................... [1]
(d) Aluminium is used in overhead power cables.
Aluminium alloys are used in aircraft bodies.
(i) State the physical property of aluminium that makes it suitable for use in power cables.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) Explain why aluminium alloys, rather than pure aluminium, are used in aircraft bodies.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]

6
3 Fig. 3.1 shows an airship carrying a heavy load.
airship
load
Fig. 3.1
(a) The airship and load are floating above the ground.
(i) On Fig. 3.1 draw two force arrows to show the vertical forces acting on the load. [2]
(ii) At one point in its journey, the airship is moving and all the forces acting on the airship
are balanced.
Describe the motion of the airship at this time.
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(iii) Name the unit of force.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(b) Fig. 3.2 shows a speed‑time graph for part of the journey of the airship.
5.0
4.0
speed
3.0
m/s
2.0
1.0
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
time / s
Fig. 3.2
© UCLES 2018 0653/31/M/J/18

7
(i) State the speed of the airship at 70 s.
.................................................... m / s [1]
(ii) Use terms from this list to complete the statements below.
Each term may be used once, more than once or not at all.
constant speed decreasing speed increasing speed
Between 0 s and 25 s the airship travels with .................................................................. .

[1]
(c) The load is a solid metal cube of density 7000 kg / m3. Each side of the cube measures 0.50 m.
(i) Calculate the volume of the metal cube.
Show your working.
volume = ..................................................... m3 [1]
(ii) Calculate the mass of the metal cube.
State the formula you use and show your working.
formula
working
mass = ...................................................... kg [2]

8
4 (a) Fig. 4.1 shows apparatus which is used to compare the carbon dioxide content of inspired air
with expired air.
student breathes in
and out here
direction of air flow
limewater
flask A flask B
Fig. 4.1
The apparatus is designed so that only inspired air goes through flask A and only expired air
goes through flask B.
A student breathes in and out of the apparatus until the limewater turns milky in one of the
flasks.
Complete the sentences.
The limewater turns milky in flask ..................................... because ........................................
................................................................................................................................................. .
There is no change in the other flask because .........................................................................
................................................................................................................................................. .
[2]
© UCLES 2018 0653/31/M/J/18

9
(b) Complete Table 4.1 with more, less or the same to show how the composition of expired air
differs from the composition of inspired air.
Table 4.1
component of air change

oxygen
nitrogen
water vapour
[3]
(c) An athlete is preparing to run a race. The concentration of adrenaline in his blood increases.
(i) Complete the following sentence about adrenaline.
Adrenaline is a ........................................................ which is produced by the adrenal

glands and carried by the blood. [1]
(ii) Describe two effects of the increase in adrenaline concentration in the athlete’s blood.
1. .......................................................................................................................................
2. .......................................................................................................................................
[2]
(iii) The concentration of adrenaline in the athlete’s blood falls after the race.
Describe how this happens.
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]

10
5 (a) The process used to produce refinery gas, gasoline and gas oil from petroleum is shown in
Fig. 5.1.
refinery gas
gasoline
gas oil
petroleum
Fig. 5.1
(i) Name this process.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) The petroleum is changed in this process. No new chemicals are made.
Name this type of change.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(iii) Petroleum is a mixture of different compounds.
State what is meant by the terms mixture and compound.
mixture ..............................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
compound .........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
[2]
© UCLES 2018 0653/31/M/J/18

11
(b) Refinery gas contains ethane, C2H6, a hydrocarbon.
(i) A molecule of ethane contains covalent bonds.
Explain how covalent bonds form between non‑metallic elements.
Use ideas about electrons in your answer.
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) When ethane burns, water is formed.
Describe a chemical test and the positive result for water.
test ....................................................................................................................................
result .................................................................................................................................
[2]
(iii) When ethane burns, there is a temperature increase.
Identify the type of chemical reaction that produces a temperature increase.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]

12
6 Fig. 6.1 shows a man watching television. He changes the channel with a remote control. The
channel he now watches shows a hot‑air balloon high in the sky.
Fig. 6.1
(a) Fig. 6.2 shows an incomplete electromagnetic spectrum.
On Fig. 6.2 write in their correct boxes the names of the parts of the electromagnetic spectrum
used for
• television transmission,
• changing the channel,
• watching the television.
Draw a line to link each use to the correct part of the spectrum you have named. One line has
been completed for you.
gamma
X‑rays ultraviolet microwaves
rays
changing
watching the television
television
television transmission
channel
Fig. 6.2 [3]
© UCLES 2018 0653/31/M/J/18

13
(b) Fig. 6.3 shows a hot‑air balloon being prepared for flight. A fuel burner produces hot gases.
The balloon fills with the hot gases and the balloon rises up into the air.
Fig. 6.3
(i) State the name of the method of thermal energy transfer from the fuel burner upwards
into the balloon.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) When the balloon has been filled with hot gases, it rises up into the air.
Explain why the fuel burner has to be used again at intervals to keep the balloon fully
inflated with hot gases.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[2]
(iii) Complete the following sentences about the energy changes that occur.
As the fuel burns, the stored ........................................................................... energy
in the fuel changes into thermal energy in the gases produced.
As the balloon rises, it gains ........................................................................... energy.

[2]
(iv) Explain why people in the basket underneath the balloon can feel the heat from the fuel
burner as the fuel burns.
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]

14
7 (a) Fig. 7.1 shows a food web in a garden.
owl
cats
small birds
mice snails caterpillars
green plants
Fig. 7.1
(i) Use Fig. 7.1 to name
the producer,
...........................................................................................................................................
the herbivores.
...........................................................................................................................................
[2]
(ii) Using information in Fig. 7.1 draw a complete food chain consisting of only three
organisms.
[2]
(b) The caterpillars in the food web in Fig. 7.1 are only present in the garden for three months of
the year.
Suggest and explain the effect of the disappearance of caterpillars on the number of snails.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
[1]
© UCLES 2018 0653/31/M/J/18

15
BLANK PAGE

16
8 (a) The electrolysis of aqueous copper chloride is shown in Fig. 8.1.
Copper forms on electrode P.
low voltage
d.c. supply
electrode P
gas copper
Fig. 8.1
(i) Predict the type of bonding between the particles in solid copper chloride.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) Copper chloride is produced when one atom of copper reacts with two atoms of chlorine.
Predict the formula of this compound.
.......................................................... [1]
(iii) Name electrode P.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(iv) Name the gas that forms at the other electrode.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(b) Copper compounds are used as catalysts.
(i) Describe what is meant by a catalyst.
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) State the name of the collection of metals in the Periodic Table that includes copper.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
© UCLES 2018 0653/31/M/J/18

17
(c) Copper is extracted from copper oxide by heating it with carbon.
(i) Complete the word equation for this reaction.
copper
+ +
oxide
[2]
(ii) Explain why this reaction is described as a redox reaction.
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]

18
9 Fig. 9.1 shows a small electric cooker with two hot plates.
hot plates
Fig. 9.1
The cooker is connected to a 240 V supply.
Each hot plate is controlled by a switch and a variable resistor.
Each hot plate can be turned on and off and controlled without affecting the other hot plate.
(a) (i) In Table 9.1 draw the circuit symbols for each component used in the cooker circuit.
Table 9.1
component fuse switch variable resistor
symbol
[2]
(ii) The two hot plates are connected in parallel, so that each can be controlled separately
by a switch and a variable resistor. The whole cooker circuit is protected by a fuse.
The circuit symbol for a heater in the hot plate is:
Complete the circuit diagram for the cooker, which has been started for you.
240 V
[4]
© UCLES 2018 0653/31/M/J/18

19
(b) For this question you may assume that the resistance of each variable resistor in the circuit is
zero and can be ignored.
(i) The large hot plate has a resistance of 40 Ω, and the small hot plate has a resistance of
60 Ω.
Draw a circle around the correct value for the combined resistance of the two hot plates.
24 Ω 50 Ω 72 Ω 100 Ω
[1]
(ii) Use your chosen answer in (i) to calculate the current from the supply when both hot
plates are switched on.
formula
working
current = .....................................A [2]
Permission to reproduce items where third‑party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer‑related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge International
Examinations Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at www.cie.org.uk after
the live examination series.
© UCLES 2018 0653/31/M/J/18

Group
© UCLES 2018
1 2
H He
hydrogen helium
Key 1 4
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 64 65 70 73 75 79 80 84
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
20
85 88 89 91 93 96 – 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131
55 56 57–71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
0653/31/M/J/18
lanthanoids
133 137 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209 – – –
87 88 89–103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 114 116
actinoids
– – – – – – – – – – – – –
57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
139 140 141 144 – 150 152 157 159 163 165 167 169 173 175
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
– 232 231 238 – – – – – – – – – – –
* 9 2 9 9 6 2 6 0 2 9 *

Paper 4 (Extended) May/June 2018
1 hour 15 minutes

DC (CE/SW) 153416/4
2
1 (a) Table 1.1 shows four substances found in food, and elements they may contain.
Complete Table 1.1 by placing a tick (3) in the box if the elements shown are contained in the
substances.
Table 1.1
element
substance in food
carbon hydrogen nitrogen oxygen
carbohydrate
fat
protein
water
[4]
(b) Health problems can occur if a person does not eat a healthy diet.
Describe how a person can improve their diet if they suffer from constipation.
Explain your answer.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................[2]
(c) A poor diet over a long time can also contribute to coronary heart disease.
Complete the following sentences using the words from the list.
Each word may be used once, more than once or not at all.
cilia fatty mucus protein
smoking stress unhealthy
Coronary heart disease occurs when the coronary arteries become narrowed by
................................................ deposits. In addition to a poor diet possible causes of coronary
heart disease are ................................................ and ................................................ .

[3]
© UCLES 2018 0653/41/M/J/18

3
(d) Coronary heart disease can be treated by inserting a stent into a narrowed coronary artery.
Fig. 1.1 shows a stent inside a coronary artery. Blood can flow freely through the stent.
narrowed coronary artery coronary artery with stent inserted
Fig. 1.1
(i) Describe the effect of the stent on the rate of blood flow through the coronary artery.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) Explain how the stent can benefit the heart muscle.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[2]

4
2 (a) A student investigates the relative reactivity of different metals.
She places cleaned pieces of each metal in separate metal chloride solutions, as shown in
Fig. 2.1.
beaker
metal chloride
solution
metal
Fig. 2.1
She records her observations in Table 2.1.
Table 2.1
metal chloride solution

metal aluminium lead tin zinc
chloride chloride chloride chloride
aluminium – 3 3 3
lead 7 – 7 7
tin 7 3 – 7
zinc 7 3 3 –
key: 3 reaction occurs

7 no reaction
– metal not placed into solution
(i) Explain why the student does not use all combinations of metal and metal chloride
solution.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) Deduce the order of reactivity of the four metals, from most reactive to least reactive.
........................................... most reactive
...........................................
...........................................
........................................... least reactive

[2]
© UCLES 2018 0653/41/M/J/18

5
(b) Another metal, magnesium, reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid.
During this reaction, hydrogen gas and a salt are produced.
(i) Name the salt.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) Construct the balanced symbol equation for this reaction.
Include state symbols.
.......................................................................................................................................[2]
(iii) Complete Fig. 2.2 to show apparatus used to collect the gas produced and measure its
volume.
List the additional apparatus needed to measure the rate of this reaction.
Fig. 2.2
apparatus ..........................................................................................................................
[2]

6
(c) An atom of aluminium is represented by:

27
13
Al
(i) Define mass number.
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) Complete Fig. 2.3 to show the electronic structure of an atom of aluminium.
Fig. 2.3
[2]
© UCLES 2018 0653/41/M/J/18

7
3 Fig. 3.1 shows an airship carrying a load of weight W.
load
Fig. 3.1
(a) The airship and load are moving along horizontally on a calm day with no wind.
(i) On Fig. 3.1 draw another force arrow to show how the vertical forces acting on the load
are balanced. [1]
(ii) At one time in its journey, the airship is moving and all of the forces acting on the airship
are balanced.
Describe the motion of the airship at this time.
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]

8
(b) The airship moves at a constant height.
Fig. 3.2 shows a speed-time graph for part of the journey.
5.0
4.0
speed
m/s
3.0
2.0
1.0
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
time / s
Fig. 3.2
(i) Use terms from the list to complete the statements below.
Each term may be used once, more than once or not at all.
changing acceleration constant acceleration constant speed
Between 0 s and 25 s the airship travels with
............................................................................... .
............................................................................... .
............................................................................... .
[1]
(ii) Calculate how far the airship travelled in the first 65 s of its journey.
Show your working.
distance = ............................................... m [2]
© UCLES 2018 0653/41/M/J/18

9
(c) The load is a solid metal cube of density 7000 kg / m3. Each side of the cube measures 2.0 m.
Calculate the mass of the metal cube.
State any formula you use and show your working.
mass = ............................................... kg [3]

10
4 (a) Fig. 4.1 shows three leaves P, Q and R. The leaves are of similar size. They are all taken
from the same type of plant on a sunny day.
green yellow
P Q R
Fig. 4.1
(i) Suggest which leaf traps the most light energy.
leaf ......................................................
explanation ........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
(ii) Describe in detail what happens to the light energy that is trapped in the leaves.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[2]
(b) All cells of plants need a source of glucose for aerobic respiration.
(i) State the balanced symbol equation for aerobic respiration.
.......................................................................................................................................[2]
(ii) Suggest how root cells are supplied with glucose.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[2]
© UCLES 2018 0653/41/M/J/18

11
5 (a) Ethene is manufactured by cracking larger hydrocarbon molecules.
(i) State what is meant by a hydrocarbon.
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[2]
(ii) Complete the dot-and-cross diagram in Fig. 5.1 to show the bonding electrons in a
molecule of ethene, C2H4.
C C
Fig. 5.1
[2]
(iii) Describe a test to distinguish between ethane and ethene.
State the result for each.
test ....................................................................................................................................
ethane ...............................................................................................................................
ethene ...............................................................................................................................
[2]
(b) During the complete combustion of hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide is formed.
(i) The proportion of carbon dioxide in air is increasing.
Explain why this gives cause for concern.
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]

12
(ii) The combustion of hydrocarbons is an exothermic change.
Explain what is meant by exothermic.
Use ideas about energy transformations in your answer.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[2]
© UCLES 2018 0653/41/M/J/18

13
6 Fig. 6.1 shows a man watching television. He changes the channel with a remote control. The
channel he now watches is showing a hot-air balloon high in the sky.
Fig. 6.1
(a) Fig. 6.2 shows an incomplete electromagnetic spectrum.
On Fig. 6.2 write in their correct boxes the names of the parts of the electromagnetic spectrum
used for
• television transmission,
• changing the channel,
• watching the television.
Draw a line to link each use to the correct part of the spectrum you have named. One line has
been completed for you.
gamma
X-rays ultraviolet microwaves
rays
changing watching
television
television the
transmission
channel television
Fig. 6.2
[3]

14
(b) Fig. 6.3 shows a hot-air balloon being prepared for flight. A fuel burner produces hot gases.
The balloon fills with the hot gases and the balloon rises up into the air.
Fig. 6.3
(i) State the name of the method of thermal energy transfer from the fuel burner upwards
into the balloon.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) Explain in terms of density changes why this method of thermal energy transfer fills the
balloon with the hot gases.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[2]
(iii) Explain in terms of the motion of molecules, and the forces and distances between them,
why the density of a gas changes on heating.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[3]
© UCLES 2018 0653/41/M/J/18

15
7 (a) Fig. 7.1 shows a food web in a garden.
hawk
cats
small birds
mice slugs and snails caterpillars
green plants
Fig. 7.1
(i) Using information in Fig. 7.1, draw a complete food chain consisting of only four
organisms.
[2]
(ii) Name all organisms that feed at the same trophic level as the small birds.
.......................................................................................................................................[2]
(b) (i) The arrows show the transfer of chemical energy from one organism to another.
State two reasons why not all of the energy is transferred from the cat to the hawk.
1. .......................................................................................................................................
2. .......................................................................................................................................
[2]
(ii) Explain why there are not usually more than five trophic levels in a food chain.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]

16
8 (a) A student tries to make lead from a sample of solid lead(II) bromide using the electrolysis
apparatus shown in Fig. 8.1.
low voltage
d.c. supply
– +
solid
lead(II)
bromide
Fig. 8.1
This electrolysis does not work.
(i) Suggest a change that the student can make to the lead(II) bromide so that the
electrolysis does work.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) Explain why the electrolysis of solid lead(II) bromide does not work.
Use ideas about ions in your answer.
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(b) (i) Iron is extracted from its ore using carbon in an industrial process.
Name the industrial reaction vessel used.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) Iron can be extracted from its ore using carbon.
Calcium, a Group II metal, cannot be extracted from its ore using carbon.
Explain this difference.
Use ideas about the reactivity of carbon and metals in your answer.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[2]
© UCLES 2018 0653/41/M/J/18

17
(c) (i) Metal X forms a coloured compound which acts as a catalyst.
Name the collection of metals in the Periodic Table which includes X.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) Gas Y is an element that is used as an inert atmosphere in lamps.
Name the group of elements in the Periodic Table which includes Y.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]

18
9 Fig. 9.1 shows a small electric cooker with two hot plates.
hot plates
Fig. 9.1
The cooker is connected to a 240 V supply.
The plug contains a fuse with a rating of 13 A.
Each hot plate is controlled by a switch and a variable resistor.
Each hot plate can be turned on and off and controlled without affecting the other hot plate.
(a) (i) In Table 9.1 draw the circuit symbols for each component used in the cooker circuit.
Table 9.1
component fuse switch variable resistor
symbol
[2]
(ii) Name the type of circuit connection that will allow each hot plate to be controlled
separately by its own switch.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
© UCLES 2018 0653/41/M/J/18

19
(iii) Use the information about the cooker to draw a circuit diagram for the cooker.
Use the circuit symbol for a heater to represent a hot plate:
The circuit diagram has been started for you.
240 V supply
[4]
(b) The larger hot plate is rated at a maximum of 1.5 kW, and the smaller hot plate is rated at a
maximum of 1.0 kW.
Show by calculation that the 13 A fuse in the plug will not blow when the cooker is used with
both hot plates at maximum rating.
formula
working
[3]
To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge International
© UCLES 2018 0653/41/M/J/18

Group
© UCLES 2018
1 2
H He
hydrogen helium
Key 1 4
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 64 65 70 73 75 79 80 84
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
85 88 89 91 93 96 – 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131
20
55 56 57–71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
lanthanoids
0653/41/M/J/18
133 137 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209 – – –
87 88 89–103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 114 116
actinoids
– – – – – – – – – – – – –
57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
139 140 141 144 – 150 152 157 159 163 165 167 169 173 175
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
– 232 231 238 – – – – – – – – – – –
* 8 8 3 5 3 2 1 5 5 3 *

Paper 6 Alternative to Practical May/June 2018
1 hour

This document consists of 17 printed pages and 3 blank pages.
DC (JM) 162483
2
1 A student investigates an enzyme-catalysed reaction.
(a) Hydrogen peroxide is broken down by catalase, an enzyme found in living cells such as the
cells of many types of bean.
Oxygen gas is released during the reaction.
Procedure
• The student places some bean puree into a measuring cylinder.
• He adds 10 cm3 hydrogen peroxide solution of concentration 1.5% to the measuring

cylinder and then starts a stopclock. As oxygen gas is released, a foam is made in the
mixture and the volume of the mixture in the measuring cylinder increases.
• He records the volume of the mixture in the measuring cylinder every 30 seconds for
5 minutes.
His results are shown in Table 1.1.
Table 1.1
time / seconds volume of mixture / cm3

30 16
60 22
90 27
120 33
150 39
180 43
210 46
240 48
270 50
300 50
© UCLES 2018 0653/61/M/J/18

3
(i) On the grid provided, plot a graph of volume of mixture (vertical axis) against time.
Label the axes.
55
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300
[2]
(ii) Draw the best-fit smooth curve. [1]
(b) (i) Use your graph to predict the volume of the mixture at 200 seconds.
Show on your graph how you arrived at your answer.
volume = .................................................. cm3 [1]
(ii) Use your graph to state how the rate of reaction changes during the 5 minutes.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(c) State and explain a safety precaution the student should have taken when carrying out the
procedure in (a).
...................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................[1]

4
(d) Plan an experiment, using the same method as in (a), to investigate the effect of changing the
temperature of the hydrogen peroxide solution on the volume of the mixture.
In your answer, you should include
• variables you need to keep constant,

• suggestions for values of the variable you are going to change,
• how you would present your results on a graph.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................[4]
© UCLES 2018 0653/61/M/J/18

5
2 A student is given three colourless solutions, H, J and K.
These three solutions are the halide solutions shown.
sodium bromide solution

sodium chloride solution
sodium iodide solution
The student does not know which solution is which.
He carries out tests to identify the solutions.
(a) Steps
• He places about 2 cm3 of solution H in a test-tube.

• He adds a few drops of silver nitrate solution.
• He then adds ammonia solution until the test-tube is nearly full.
• He stirs the mixture carefully.
• He records his observations in Table 2.1.
He repeats the above steps for solutions J and K.
Table 2.1
observations
test solution H solution J solution K
add silver nitrate
white ppt. cream coloured ppt. pale yellow ppt.
solution
then add excess ppt. dissolves to
ppt. dissolves ppt. remains
ammonia solution form colourless
slightly unchanged
and stir solution
(i) Use the observations in Table 2.1 to identify which solution, H, J or K, is sodium chloride
solution.
Explain how you reached your identification.
sodium chloride solution is .........................................
explanation ........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
(ii) State and explain whether the addition of silver nitrate solution followed by excess
ammonia solution can be used to distinguish between the three halide solutions, H, J
and K.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]

6
(iii) Nitric acid is usually added to the unknown solution before adding silver nitrate solution.
Explain why adding nitric acid first is not necessary in this test for this investigation.
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(b) The student then adds chlorine water to separate samples of the three solutions, H, J and K.
He records his observations in Table 2.2.
Table 2.2
observations
test solution H solution J solution K
solution becomes solution becomes
add chlorine water no visible change
yellow very dark orange
(i) Use the observations in Table 2.2 to suggest which two solutions of H, J and K could be
sodium bromide solution.
Explain your answer in terms of the reactions which take place.
sodium bromide solution could be ......................................... or ........................................
explanation ........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
(ii) Suggest one precaution that the student should take when using chlorine water.
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(iii) Describe another test that could be carried out on the two solutions you identified in (b)(i)
to show which solution is sodium bromide and which solution is sodium iodide.
State the expected observations for sodium bromide solution and sodium iodide solution.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[2]
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7
(c) A sample of sodium chloride solution can be made by reacting hydrochloric acid with sodium
hydroxide solution.
Sodium hydroxide solution is added slowly to 25 cm3 of hydrochloric acid in the presence of
an indicator.
When the indicator changes colour, the volume of sodium hydroxide solution which has been
added is recorded.
The reaction is then repeated using 25 cm3 of hydrochloric acid and the recorded volume of
sodium hydroxide solution but without the indicator.
(i) Name a suitable piece of apparatus for measuring the volume of the sodium hydroxide
solution.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) Explain why the reaction is repeated without the indicator.
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(iii) Suggest a change to the experiment which would enable the volume of sodium hydroxide
solution added to be determined more accurately.
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]

8
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9
3 A student investigates how the length l of a spring varies when different loads L are added to it.
(a) She sets up a spring in a clamp, as shown in Fig. 3.1.
clamp
lo
spring
bench
Fig. 3.1
(i) Measure and record the length l0 of the unstretched spring to the nearest millimetre.
l0 = .................................................. mm [1]
(ii) State one precaution that the student takes to avoid a parallax (line-of-sight) error when
measuring the length of the spring.
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]

10
(b) She hangs a load L of 1.0 N on the spring and measures, to the nearest millimetre, the new
length l of the spring using a metre rule.
Part of the rule is shown in Fig. 3.2.
Use the rule in Fig. 3.2 to measure the new length l of the spring.
cm
70
69
68
67
66
65
64
load
Fig. 3.2
Record this length in Table 3.1. [2]
(c) She repeats (b) using loads of 2.0 N, 3.0 N, 4.0 N and 5.0 N and completes Table 3.1.
Table 3.1
load L / N spring length l / mm

1.0
2.0 50
3.0 60
4.0 73
5.0 82
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11
(i) On the grid provided, plot a graph of L against l. Start both axes from the origin (0, 0).
L/N
l / mm
[2]
(ii) Draw the best-fit straight line. [1]
(iii) Use your graph to determine the length l0 of the unstretched spring.
Show on your graph how you arrived at this value.
l0 = .................................................. mm [1]
(d) Compare your answer in (a)(i) with your answer in (c)(iii).
State whether the answers agree within the limits of experimental accuracy.
Give a reason for your statement.
...................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................[1]
(e) The gradient of your line measures the force constant of the spring. This is a measure of the
elastic stiffness of the spring. The greater the force constant, the harder it is to stretch the
spring.
On your graph, draw a line to show how the length of a spring with a greater force constant
changes as loads are added to it. Label this line M. [1]

12
4 A student is studying cells.
Fig. 4.1 shows a photograph of some animal duodenum cells.
One of these cells is labelled cell A.
cell A
Fig. 4.1
(a) (i) In the box below, make an enlarged and detailed pencil drawing of cell A.
[3]
© UCLES 2018 0653/61/M/J/18

13
(ii) Draw a label line to label the nucleus of the cell in your drawing. [1]
(b) (i) Measure in millimetres, to the nearest millimetre, the length of cell A between points X
and Y in Fig. 4.1.
length = .................................................. mm [1]
(ii) Draw the line X–Y on your drawing in the same place as X and Y are shown in Fig. 4.1.
Measure this line, in millimetres, to the nearest millimetre.
length = .................................................. mm [1]
(iii) Use your two measurements to calculate the magnification of your drawing.
Show your working in the space below.
magnification = ......................................................... [1]
(c) Describe how you could test cells in a liquid sample for the presence of fat.
reagents used and method .......................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
observation for a positive result ................................................................................................

[3]

14
5 A student prepares a pure sample of blue copper sulfate crystals using copper carbonate powder
and dilute sulfuric acid.
CuCO3 + H2SO4 CuSO4 + CO2 + H2O
He plans his experiment in a series of steps labelled A to F.
Step A: Add copper carbonate to the acid a little at a time until no more reacts.
Step B: Heat the solution until half of the water has evaporated.
Step C: Dry the crystals in filter paper.
Step D: Filter the mixture.
Step E: Leave the basin to cool.
Step F: Measure 25 cm3 of sulfuric acid into a beaker.
The teacher says that all of the steps are correct but they are in the wrong order.
(a) Using the letters, place the steps into the correct order. Steps 1 and 6 have been completed
for you.
F
Step 1: ...........................
Step 2: ...........................
Step 3: ...........................
Step 4: ...........................
Step 5: ...........................
C
Step 6: ........................... [3]
(b) Suggest how the student would know when no more copper carbonate reacts.
...............................................................................................................................................[1]
© UCLES 2018 0653/61/M/J/18

15
(c) Draw a diagram of Step D. Label the apparatus and the substances.
[2]
(d) (i) Explain why the copper carbonate needs to be added until no more reacts.
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) Explain why only half of the water is evaporated in Step B.
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(e) The student takes a few crystals of copper sulfate and dissolves them into water in a test-
tube.
He adds a few drops of ammonia solution and stirs.
He continues adding the ammonia a few drops at a time until the ammonia is in excess.
Describe what the student observes in the test-tube.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................[2]

16
6 A student investigates the energy efficiency of a model railway.
He sets up an oval track of circumference 10 m and places a train, consisting of a locomotive and
three carriages, onto it as shown in Fig. 6.1.
The d.c. power supply is connected to the train track. The electricity goes from the power supply to
the train and is then used to turn the motor in the train.
d.c. power supply
oval track
10 m in
circumference
train consisting of a locomotive

and three carriages
Fig. 6.1
(a) Complete the circuit diagram shown in Fig. 6.2 using appropriate circuit symbols, which
include
• an ammeter to measure the current supplied to the train,

• a voltmeter to measure the potential difference of the power supply.
d.c. power supply
motor of train
Fig. 6.2
[2]
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17
(b) The student switches on the power supply and waits until the train is running at a steady
speed.
He measures the current I in the circuit, the potential difference V across the power supply
and the time t it takes for the train to travel around the track once.
(i) Fig. 6.3 shows the readings on the ammeter, the voltmeter and the timer.
Read and record these values, in the spaces below, to two significant figures.
A V
0.1 0.2 2 4
0 0.3 0 6
ammeter reading voltmeter reading
11 . 82 s
timer reading
Fig. 6.3
current, I = ............................................................ A
potential difference, V = ........................................................... V
time, t = ............................................................ s
[3]
(ii) Calculate the electrical energy supplied to the train to complete one circuit of the track
using the equation shown.
electrical energy supplied = I × V × t
electrical energy supplied to the train = ...................................................... J [1]

18
(iii) The mass m of the train is 1.6 kg.
Calculate the kinetic energy of the train using the equation shown.
50m
kinetic energy =
t2
kinetic energy of the train = ....................................................... J [1]
(iv) Calculate the efficiency of the train using the equation shown.
kinetic energy of the train
efficiency = × 100
electrical energy supplied to the train
efficiency = ......................................................% [1]
(c) Explain why the energy transfer is not 100% efficient.
...................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................[1]
(d) Describe how the experiment could be modified to obtain a more accurate value for the time
it takes the train to travel around the track.
...................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................[1]
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20
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Paper 1 Multiple Choice (Core) October/November 2018
45 minutes
Soft clean eraser
*5649898120*

IB18 11_0653_11/2RP
2
1 Which two structures are found in plant cells but not in animal cells?
A cell membrane and cell wall

B cell wall and chloroplasts
C chloroplasts and nucleus
D nucleus and cell membrane
2 Which process depends on diffusion?
A circulation
B digestion
C gaseous exchange
D phagocytosis
3 Biological catalysts speed up reactions in the body.
What is another name for biological catalysts?
A antibodies
B enzymes
C fatty acids
D hormones
4 A food substance was tested with various reagents. The results of the tests are shown.
Benedict’s
reagent biuret ethanol iodine solution
solution
turned stayed went went
result
orange pale blue milky blue / black
Which element did the food substance not contain?
A carbon
B hydrogen
C nitrogen
D oxygen
© UCLES 2018 0653/11/O/N/18

3
5 The diagram shows a water plant surrounded by a black box.
lightproof
black box
water plant
Which change takes place if the black box is removed?
A Oxygen production increases.

B Respiration stops.
C Stomata close.
D Water uptake decreases.
6 The diagram shows part of the human alimentary canal.
Where is bile made?
D B
© UCLES 2018 0653/11/O/N/18 [Turn over

4
7 The diagram shows a section through the heart.
Which labelled part has the correct function stated?
D
the artery taking
deoxygenated blood A
to the lungs the valve which stops
deoxygenated blood
flowing backwards
C
the heart chamber B
which receives blood the valve between
from the left atrium the atrium and
the ventricle
8 Which word equation represents aerobic respiration?
A carbon dioxide + water → glucose
B carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen
C glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide
D glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water
9 Which row states how the composition of expired air is different to the composition of inspired
air?
concentration of gases in expired air

carbon dioxide oxygen nitrogen water vapour
A less less unchanged unchanged

B less more less more
C more less unchanged more
D more more less unchanged
10 Which statement about adrenaline is not correct?
A Adrenaline is transported in the blood plasma.

B Adrenaline lowers the blood glucose concentration.
C The heart is one of the target organs for adrenaline.
D The liver destroys adrenaline.
© UCLES 2018 0653/11/O/N/18

5
11 The diagram shows a calendar for February and March.
February March
7 14 21 28 7 14 21 28
1 8 15 22 1 8 15 22 29
2 9 16 23 2 9 16 23 30
3 10 17 24 3 10 17 24 31
4 11 18 25 4 11 18 25
5 12 19 26 5 12 19 26
6 13 20 27 6 13 20 27
Ovulation occurs on 8 February.
When is menstruation most likely to begin?
A 9 February – 11 February
B 14 February – 16 February
C 21 February – 23 February
D 7 March – 9 March
12 The diagram shows part of the carbon cycle.
photosynthesis
green
Y
plants
animals
combustion
X
What are X and Y?
X Y
A carbon dioxide oxygen

B fossil fuel carbon dioxide
C fossil fuel oxygen
D oxygen carbon dioxide

6
13 Which are possible harmful effects of deforestation?
global warming species extinction
A
B
C
D
14 The diagram represents a mixture of carbon dioxide, CO2, and carbon monoxide, CO.
A The mixture contains 4 elements.

B The mixture contains 4 molecules.
C The mixture contains 11 elements.
D The mixture contains 11 molecules.
15 Four dyes are separated using chromatography.
The results are shown.
1 2 3 4
Which dyes contain two colours that are present in both dyes?
© UCLES 2018 0653/11/O/N/18

7
16 On which label does the formula match the name of the acid?
A B C D
hydrochloric hydrochloric sulfuric sulfuric

acid acid acid acid
HCl H2SO4 HNO3 Na2SO4
17 The breakdown of molten lead bromide by ««1«« forms the elements lead and bromine.
Lead is formed at the ««2«« .
Which words complete gaps 1 and 2?
1 2
A electrolysis anode
B electrolysis cathode
C reduction anode
D reduction cathode

8
18 The temperature of aqueous copper sulfate is measured.
After three minutes, magnesium is stirred into the solution. The temperature of the mixture is
recorded every minute.
60
50
40
temperature
/ °C 30
20
10
0
0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 39 42 45 48
time / minutes
Which description of the chemical reaction is correct?
A endothermic then exothermic

B endothermic only
C exothermic then endothermic
D exothermic only
© UCLES 2018 0653/11/O/N/18

9
19 Which diagram shows apparatus used to investigate the rate of a reaction in which a gas is given
off?
A B
gas
water
C D
gas
water water
20 Iron oxide reacts with carbon monoxide.
The word equation for the reaction is:
iron oxide + carbon monoxide → iron + carbon dioxide
Which statement is not correct?
A Carbon is neither oxidised nor reduced.

B Carbon is oxidised.
C Iron is reduced.
D This is a redox reaction.

10
21 The results of two tests on solid P are shown.
test result
1 add aqueous sodium hydroxide gas given off that turns moist red
to solid litmus paper blue
2 dissolve solid in water white precipitate formed
add dilute aqueous silver nitrate
What is P?
A aluminium carbonate
B aluminium sulfate
C ammonium chloride
D ammonium nitrate
22 Two substances, X and Y, are connected in a circuit as shown.
The lamp lights.
X Y
What are X and Y?
X Y
A carbon sulfur
B copper lead
C copper sulfur
D sulfur lead
23 The positions of four elements are shown in the outline of the Periodic Table.
Which element has a high melting point and forms coloured compounds?
A B
C D
© UCLES 2018 0653/11/O/N/18

11
24 Which process is used to extract copper from copper oxide?
A Heat the copper oxide on its own.

B Heat the copper oxide with carbon.
C Heat the copper oxide with carbon dioxide.
D Heat the copper oxide with water and then filter.
25 What is a chemical test for water?
A It has a boiling point of 100 °C.

B It has a density of 1 g / cm3.
C It turns anhydrous copper sulfate from white to blue.
D It turns pink cobalt chloride paper to blue.
26 Gasoline is a hydrocarbon fuel obtained from petroleum.
A Gasoline burns to form carbon dioxide and water.

B Gasoline contains the elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
C Gasoline is used as a fuel in diesel engines.
D The combustion of gasoline is an endothermic reaction.
27 What is the structure of ethane?
A B C D
H H H H H H H
C C H C H H C C O H H C C H
H H H H H H H

12
28 Graphs P and Q are speed-time graphs. Graphs R and S are distance-time graphs.
P Q
speed speed
0 0
0 time 0 time
R S
distance distance
0 0
0 time 0 time
Which of the graphs represent the motion of an object moving with constant speed?
A P and S B S only C Q and R D Q only
29 A cube of aluminium has sides of length 1.0 cm.
1.0 cm
1.0 cm
1.0 cm
Compared with this cube, which statement about a cube of aluminium with sides of 2.0 cm is
correct?
A It has the same density.

B It has the same mass.
C It has twice the density.
D It has twice the mass.
© UCLES 2018 0653/11/O/N/18

13
30 A ball is released from rest at position X and falls to the ground.
It rebounds to a maximum height at position Y, as shown.
Which statement about the ball at Y is correct?
A It has less gravitational energy than at X.

B It has less kinetic energy than at X.
C It has less sound energy than at X.
D It has less thermal energy than at X.

14
31 Weightlifting involves a number of different stages.
In which stage is no work being done on the weights?
A B
weights
The weights are lifted The weights are lifted

up off the floor. as the man stands up.
C D
The weights are lifted The weights are held

above the head. stationary above the head.
© UCLES 2018 0653/11/O/N/18

15
32 A scientist investigates two different substances, P and Q.
Substance P completely fills its container but can be compressed.
Substance Q is not in a container but has a definite shape.
In which state is each substance?
substance P substance Q
A gas liquid
B gas solid
C liquid gas
D liquid solid
33 A liquid evaporates when molecules leave its surface.
Which molecules leave the surface, and what happens to the temperature of the remaining
liquid?
A The more energetic molecules leave and the temperature falls.

B The more energetic molecules leave and the temperature rises.
C The less energetic molecules leave and the temperature falls.
D The less energetic molecules leave and the temperature rises.
34 A student investigates a wave.
First he measures the distance between one wave crest and the next wave crest.
Next, he counts the number of wave crests passing a fixed point in one second.
Which properties of the wave has the student determined?
A the amplitude and the frequency

B the amplitude and the speed
C the wavelength and the frequency
D the wavelength and the speed

16
35 Light from a ray-box strikes a plane mirror and reflects off it.
light ray not to

scale
w
x
normal y
z
On the diagram, four angles w, x, y and z are indicated.
Which equation must be correct?
A w=x B w=z C x=z D y=z
36 Which list shows electromagnetic waves in order of decreasing wavelength (largest to smallest)?
A gamma rays → radio waves → infra-red → microwaves
B microwaves → visible light → X-rays → infra-red
C radio waves → visible light → ultraviolet → X-rays
D X-rays → infra-red → microwaves → visible light
37 The diagrams represent four different sound waves. The scales are the same in all the diagrams.
Which sound has the lowest pitch?
A B
time time
C D
time time
© UCLES 2018 0653/11/O/N/18

17
38 There is a current in a metal wire when a potential difference is applied across its ends.
The diagram shows which ends are connected to the positive and negative terminals.
+ –
wire
How does the charge flow in the wire?
A electrons flow from left to right

B electrons flow from right to left
C protons flow from left to right
D protons flow from right to left
39 A circuit contains a battery connected to a resistor.
Which values of electromotive force (e.m.f.) and resistance produce the smallest current?
e.m.f. / V resistance / Ω
A 6.0 10
B 6.0 20
C 24 80
D 24 160
40 Two lamps and two ammeters are connected in the circuit shown. Each ammeter reads 1.0 A.
A A
Which is the most suitable rating for the fuse in this circuit?
A 0.5 A B 1A C 3A D 13 A
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18
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19
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© UCLES 2018 0653/11/O/N/18

Group
© UCLES 2018
1 2
H He
hydrogen helium
Key 1 4
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 64 65 70 73 75 79 80 84
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
85 88 89 91 93 96 – 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131
20
55 56 57–71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
lanthanoids
0653/11/O/N/18
133 137 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209 – – –
87 88 89–103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 114 116
actinoids
– – – – – – – – – – – – –
57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
139 140 141 144 – 150 152 157 159 163 165 167 169 173 175
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
– 232 231 238 – – – – – – – – – – –

Paper 2 Multiple Choice (Extended) October/November 2018
45 minutes
Soft clean eraser
*6198045591*

IB18 11_0653_21/2RP
2
1 Which structure found in plant cells is matched to its function?
structure function
A cell membrane provides strength and support

B chloroplast absorbs light energy
C cytoplasm filled with cell sap for strengthening
D permanent vacuole site of chemical reactions
2 Which process depends on diffusion?
A circulation
B digestion
C gaseous exchange
D phagocytosis
3 Biological catalysts speed up reactions in the body.
What is another name for biological catalysts?
A antibodies
B enzymes
C fatty acids
D hormones
4 Microorganisms are used to make yoghurt.
Which acid is produced when microorganisms break down lactose in the milk?
A amino acid
B fatty acid
C hydrochloric acid
D lactic acid
© UCLES 2018 0653/21/O/N/18

3
5 The diagram shows a leaf that was tested for starch using iodine solution.
green area
white area
Which row shows the results for this leaf and explains the results?
green area of white area of

explanation
leaf after test leaf after test
A blue-black blue-black chlorophyll is found in all parts of the leaf

B blue-black brown chlorophyll is found in only part of the leaf
C brown brown chlorophyll is found in all parts of the leaf
D brown blue-black chlorophyll is found in only part of the leaf
6 The diagram shows part of the human alimentary canal.
Where is bile made?
D B

4
7 Which diagram shows the double circulatory system of a human?
A B
heart lungs heart body
lungs body body lungs
C D
heart lungs heart lungs
body heart heart body
8 Aerobic respiration is the release of a relatively ......X...... amount of energy by the breakdown of
food substances in the presence of ......Y...... .
Which words complete the gaps X and Y?
X Y
A large carbon dioxide

B large oxygen
C small carbon dioxide
D small oxygen
9 The diagram shows structures called lamellae. They are found in the gills of fish.
lamellae
Lamellae increase the surface area of the gills. The gills are the site of gaseous exchange in fish.
What is the effect of this increased surface area?
A decreased rate of carbon dioxide diffusion into the blood

B decreased rate of oxygen diffusion into the blood
C increased rate of carbon dioxide diffusion into the blood
D increased rate of oxygen diffusion into the blood
© UCLES 2018 0653/21/O/N/18

5
10 Which statement about adrenaline is not correct?
A Adrenaline is transported in the blood plasma.

B Adrenaline lowers the blood glucose concentration.
C The heart is one of the target organs for adrenaline.
D The liver destroys adrenaline.
11 What is the function of the amniotic sac?
A It surrounds the fetus in the uterus and contains amniotic fluid.

B It surrounds the fetus in the uterus and provides essential nutrients for the fetus.
C It surrounds the fetus in the vagina and contains amniotic fluid.
D It surrounds the fetus in the vagina and provides essential nutrients for the fetus.
12 What is the definition of a trophic level?
A It shows how an organism loses energy.

B It shows the position of an organism in a food chain.
C It shows the consumers of an organism.
D It shows the food eaten by an organism.
13 Which are possible harmful effects of deforestation?
global warming species extinction
A
B
C
D
14 Sucrose is a covalent compound.
It is a solid at room temperature.
Which statement about sucrose is correct?
A It is made of atoms that are close together and in continuous random motion.
B It is made of atoms that are far apart and vibrating about a fixed point.
C It is made of molecules that are close together and vibrating about a fixed point.
D It is made of molecules that are far apart and in continuous random motion.

6
15 Four dyes are separated using chromatography.
1 2 3 4
Which dyes contain two colours that are present in both dyes?
16 Which diagram represents the bonding in a molecule of ethene?
A B C D
H H H H H H
H C C H H C C H C C C C
H H H H H H
17 On which label does the formula match the name of the acid?
A B C D
hydrochloric hydrochloric sulfuric sulfuric

acid acid acid acid
HCl H2SO4 HNO3 Na2SO4
© UCLES 2018 0653/21/O/N/18

7
18 Some chemical compounds are broken down by electrolysis using inert electrodes.
Which row identifies the electrode products for the stated electrolyte?
electrolyte product at anode product at cathode
A aqueous copper chloride hydrogen copper

B molten aluminium oxide aluminium oxygen
C molten copper chloride chlorine copper
D molten potassium bromide potassium bromine
19 When concentrated sulfuric acid is added to water, the temperature of the mixture increases.
Which row describes the type of reaction and the energy change for this process?
type of reaction energy change
A endothermic chemical to thermal

B endothermic thermal to chemical
C exothermic chemical to thermal
D exothermic thermal to chemical
20 Which diagram shows apparatus used to investigate the rate of a reaction in which a gas is given
off?
A B
gas
water
C D
gas
water water

8
21 Iron oxide reacts with carbon monoxide.
iron oxide + carbon monoxide → iron + carbon dioxide
Which statement is not correct?
A Carbon is neither oxidised nor reduced.

B Carbon is oxidised.
C Iron is reduced.
D This is a redox reaction.
22 Which element in a period of the Periodic Table has the greatest metallic character?
A the element which most readily forms an anion

B the element with the fewest outer-shell electrons
C the element with the highest atomic number
D the element with the largest group number
23 The positions of four elements are shown in the outline of the Periodic Table.
Which element has a high melting point and forms coloured compounds?
A B
C D
24 Which gas is used to provide an inert atmosphere in lamps?
A argon
B helium
C neon
D nitrogen
© UCLES 2018 0653/21/O/N/18

9
25 Which statement about metals is not correct?
A Copper is below hydrogen in the reactivity series.

B Lithium produces a flame when a small piece is added to cold water.
C Magnesium reacts with steam to produce hydrogen.
D Zinc reacts with copper ions to form zinc ions and copper.
26 Gasoline is a hydrocarbon fuel obtained from petroleum.
A Gasoline burns to form carbon dioxide and water.

B Gasoline contains the elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
C Gasoline is used as a fuel in diesel engines.
D The combustion of gasoline is an endothermic reaction.
27 P, Q and R are three fractions obtained from petroleum by fractional distillation.
Molecules of R are larger than molecules of P.
The intermolecular forces in Q are weaker than those in P.
What is the order of boiling points?
lowest highest
A P Q R
B Q P R
C R P Q
D R Q P
28 A gold block is taken from the surface of the Earth to the surface of the Moon.
The gravitational field is weaker on the Moon than it is on the Earth.
Which property of the gold block changes?
A density
B mass
C volume
D weight

10
29 A cube of aluminium has sides of length 1.0 cm.
1.0 cm
1.0 cm
1.0 cm
Compared with this cube, which statement about a cube of aluminium with sides of 2.0 cm is
correct?
A It has the same density.

B It has the same mass.
C It has twice the density.
D It has twice the mass.
30 A spring that obeys Hooke’s law is 20 cm long when unstretched.
A load of 10 N is hung from the spring and its length increases to 25 cm.
The 10 N load is removed and replaced with a 30 N load.
What is the new length of the spring?
A 15 cm B 35 cm C 40 cm D 60 cm
31 A brick of mass 4.0 kg rests on a window ledge. It falls off the window ledge and drops through a
height of 5.0 m to the ground. The acceleration of free fall g is 10 m / s2.
Air resistance can be ignored.
Which row states the kinetic energy and the speed of the brick just before it hits the ground?
kinetic energy speed of brick

of brick / J m/s
A 20 2.2
B 20 3.2
C 200 7.1
D 200 10
© UCLES 2018 0653/21/O/N/18

11
32 A scientist investigates two different substances, P and Q.
Substance P completely fills its container but can be compressed.
Substance Q is not in a container but has a definite shape.
In which state is each substance?
substance P substance Q
A gas liquid
B gas solid
C liquid gas
D liquid solid
33 A liquid evaporates when molecules leave its surface.
Which molecules leave the surface, and what happens to the temperature of the remaining
liquid?
A The more energetic molecules leave and the temperature falls.

B The more energetic molecules leave and the temperature rises.
C The less energetic molecules leave and the temperature falls.
D The less energetic molecules leave and the temperature rises.
34 How is heat transferred in solids?
A Heated molecules become less dense and travel to colder areas.

B Heated molecules become more dense and travel to colder areas.
C Heated molecules vibrate more quickly and cause neighbouring molecules to vibrate more
quickly.
D Heated molecules vibrate more slowly and cause neighbouring molecules to vibrate more
quickly.

12
35 The diagram shows a water wave travelling at 0.56 m / s.
0.10 m
What is the frequency of the wave?
A 0.11 Hz B 0.36 Hz C 2.8 Hz D 5.6 Hz
36 Which list shows electromagnetic waves in order of decreasing wavelength (largest to smallest)?
A gamma rays → radio waves → infra-red → microwaves
B microwaves → visible light → X-rays → infra-red
C radio waves → visible light → ultraviolet → X-rays
D X-rays → infra-red → microwaves → visible light
37 The diagrams represent four different sound waves. The scales are the same in all the diagrams.
Which sound has the lowest pitch?
A B
time time
C D
time time
© UCLES 2018 0653/21/O/N/18

13
38 The diagram shows a negatively charged oil drop between two metal plates. The plates are
connected by an open switch to a power supply. The oil drop is falling at a steady speed.
metal plate
–
oil drop
+
metal plate
The switch is now closed.
What happens to the oil drop?
A It moves downwards at an increasing speed.

B It moves upwards at an increasing speed.
C It moves to the left at a constant speed.
D It moves to the right at a constant speed.
39 Three pieces of resistance wire X, Y and Z are made of the same metal.
The diagram shows the lengths and the diameters of the wires.
X Y Z
l
l
d 2l
2d
d
What is the order of the wires when they are placed in order of increasing resistance, least
resistance first?
A Y→X→Z B Y→Z→X C Z→X→Y D Z→Y→X
40 An electric motor is connected to a 120 V mains supply.
The motor transfers 72 000 J of energy in 2.0 minutes.
What is the current in the motor?
A 0.20 A B 5.0 A C 10 A D 300 A
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14
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© UCLES 2018 0653/21/O/N/18

15
BLANK PAGE
© UCLES 2018 0653/21/O/N/18

Group
© UCLES 2018
1 2
H He
hydrogen helium
Key 1 4
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 64 65 70 73 75 79 80 84
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
85 88 89 91 93 96 – 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131
16
55 56 57–71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
lanthanoids
0653/21/O/N/18
133 137 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209 – – –
87 88 89–103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 114 116
actinoids
– – – – – – – – – – – – –
57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
139 140 141 144 – 150 152 157 159 163 165 167 169 173 175
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
– 232 231 238 – – – – – – – – – – –
* 7 5 4 3 9 9 6 1 9 6 *

Paper 3 (Core) October/November 2018
1 hour 15 minutes

DC (KN/CB) 157626/3
2
1 (a) The list shows some processes that occur in living organisms.
breathing digestion excretion growth movement
reproduction sensitivity
State two processes shown in the list which are not characteristics of all living things.
1. ...............................................................................................................................................
2. ...............................................................................................................................................
[2]
(b) Fig. 1.1 shows a palisade cell which is found in the leaf of a plant.
Fig. 1.1
(i) On Fig. 1.1 use a label line and the correct name to show one structure that is present in
all plant cells but is absent from animal cells. [2]
(ii) Describe the pathway taken by water in the plant, from the soil to the palisade cells.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[3]
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3
(c) Fig. 1.2 shows a plant growing in front of a large rock.
Fig. 1.2
(i) The leaves of the plant in Fig. 1.2 turn towards the light.
Name the plant’s response to light.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) The leaves of the plant in Fig. 1.2 are separated from each other as much as possible
and do not overlap.
Suggest and explain why this is an advantage for the plant.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[2]

4
2 (a) Complete the following sentences using words from the list.
atoms compounds covalent elements
ionic ions mixtures molecules
(i) The smallest parts of an element are ........................................................ . [1]
(ii) All ........................................................ contain atoms joined by sharing pairs of electrons
in ........................................................ bonds. [2]
(iii) Atoms which lose or gain electrons form particles called
........................................................ . [1]
(iv) Elements in ........................................................ cannot be separated by simple physical
processes.
Substances in ........................................................ can be separated by simple physical
processes. [2]
(b) A student passes an electric current through aqueous copper chloride using the apparatus
shown in Fig. 2.1.
low voltage
d.c. supply
brown solid gas bubbles
aqueous copper chloride
Fig. 2.1
(i) Complete the labels in Fig. 2.1 by naming the two electrodes. [2]
(ii) Name the solid and the gas formed in this process.
solid ...................................................................................................................................
gas ....................................................................................................................................
[2]
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5
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6
3 Fig. 3.1 shows a train made up of a steam engine and a passenger coach.
steam engine passenger coach
Fig. 3.1
(a) The train is travelling at a constant speed along a level track. Fig. 3.2 shows the four forces
W, X, Y and Z acting on the train.
W Y
Fig. 3.2
(i) Name force Z.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) The force arrows on Fig. 3.2 do not show the sizes of the forces.
State whether or not the driver has made force W equal in size to force Y.
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
© UCLES 2018 0653/31/O/N/18

7
(b) Fig. 3.3 shows a speed–time graph of the train as it travels between two stations.
30
20
speed
m/s
10
0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
time / s
Fig. 3.3
(i) On Fig. 3.3, use the letter P to label one point in the journey when the train is travelling
with changing speed. [1]
(ii) The distance between the two stations is 12.8 km.
State the distance between the stations in metres.
distance = .................................................. m [1]
(iii) Use your answer to (b)(ii) and information from the graph to calculate the average speed
of the train on this journey in m / s.
Show your working.
average speed = .............................................. m / s [2]
(c) The steam engine is powered by burning coal to boil water. This makes steam that moves the
engine.
Complete the energy transfer that moves the train.
............................................. energy in the coal
............................................. energy of the train. [2]
(d) State the original source of the energy stored in coal.
...............................................................................................................................................[1]

8
4 Fig. 4.1 shows part of an aquatic food web.
sealion
octopus
crab
seagull
shellfish
starfish
seaweed
Fig. 4.1
(a) From Fig. 4.1 state the name of
a producer,
...................................................................................................................................................
a herbivore,
...................................................................................................................................................
a consumer.
...................................................................................................................................................
[3]
(b) The food web in Fig. 4.1 is made from interconnected food chains.
Write two complete food chains which contain the crab.
1. ...............................................................................................................................................
2. ...............................................................................................................................................
[3]
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9
(c) The population of crabs reduces suddenly.
Suggest two reasons why this causes the octopus population to decrease.
1. ...............................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
2. ...............................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
[2]

10
5 (a) A student makes magnesium sulfate by reacting magnesium with a dilute acid.
(i) Name the acid.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) Describe the pH change of the mixture during the reaction.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(iii) Name one other substance that reacts with this acid to make magnesium sulfate.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(iv) The reaction between magnesium and this acid is exothermic.
State what is meant by the term exothermic.
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(b) Another student reacts calcium with excess dilute acid in a beaker.
Calcium sulfate forms as a solid in the beaker.
Suggest the separation method that is used to separate the solid calcium sulfate from the
excess acid.
Explain how this separation method removes the solid from the liquid.
method ......................................................................................................................................
explanation ...............................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
[2]
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11
(c) Calcium is in Group II of the Periodic Table.
(i) Complete the following sentences using words from the list.
good high low poor
Calcium is a ...................................................................................... electrical conductor.
Calcium has a ............................................................................................ melting point.

[1]
(ii) State the order of reactivity of calcium, magnesium and sodium.
....................................................... most reactive
.......................................................
....................................................... least reactive

[1]

12
6 Fig. 6.1 shows a liquid-in-glass thermometer at room temperature.
–10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110

°C
Fig. 6.1
(a) State the property of a liquid that is used in a thermometer when measuring temperature.
...............................................................................................................................................[1]
(b) Table 6.1 gives a list of the melting point and boiling point of five substances that are used in
liquid-in-glass thermometers.
Table 6.1
melting point boiling point

substance
/ °C / °C
ethanol –114 78
gallium 30 2403
glycol –12 198
mercury –39 357
water 0 100
(i) Ammonia has a melting point of –78 °C and a boiling point of –33 °C.
State which substance could be used in a liquid-in-glass thermometer to measure both

the melting point and boiling point of ammonia. Explain your answer.
substance ..........................................................................................................................
explanation ........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
[2]
(ii) Explain why a thermometer that uses liquid gallium has to be kept in a warm container,
well above room temperature.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[2]
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13
(c) An infra-red thermometer measures temperature in a different way. The wavelength of the
infra-red radiation emitted by a hot body changes with temperature.
An infra-red thermometer measures the wavelengths of the infra-red radiation emitted and
converts these to temperature readings.
(i) Fig. 6.2 shows a wave motion with the waves moving from left to right.
time
Fig. 6.2
State the number of complete wavelengths shown in Fig. 6.2.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) The wavelength of the infra-red radiation emitted decreases as the temperature of the
hot body increases.
Predict what happens to the frequency of the infra-red radiation as the temperature of
the hot body increases.
prediction ...........................................................................................................................
explanation ........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
[2]
(iii) In the infra-red thermometer, the radiation is focused onto the detector by a thin
converging lens.
On Fig. 6.3 complete the ray diagram to show how this happens.
lens
infra-red infra-red
radiation detector
Fig. 6.3 [1]

14
7 (a) Table 7.1 shows some features of arteries, veins and capillaries.
Place a tick (3) in the correct boxes in Table 7.1 to show the features of each blood vessel.
Table 7.1
blood vessel
feature
artery vein capillary
carries blood away from the heart
contains valves
walls are one cell thick
exchange of materials occurs here
[3]
(b) A boy starts to play football. Immediately the concentration of the hormone adrenaline in his
blood increases.
(i) Describe two effects of adrenaline in the boy’s body.
1. .......................................................................................................................................
2. .......................................................................................................................................
[2]
(ii) The concentration of adrenaline in the boy’s blood decreases after playing football.
Describe how the adrenaline is removed from his blood.
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(c) The boy is 10 years old. It is important that he includes enough calcium and iron in his diet.
(i) State one food which is a good source of calcium.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) Describe why calcium is important in the body.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(iii) Describe the symptoms the boy may have if he does not have enough iron in his diet.
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
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15
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16
8 Petroleum is separated into more useful substances using the process shown in Fig. 8.1.
refinery gas
gasoline
gas oil
petroleum
Fig. 8.1
(a) (i) Name this process.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) State one use for gas oil.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(b) During the complete combustion of gasoline, the amounts of some gases in the air change.
Name two of these gases and describe the change in the amount of each.
gas 1
name .........................................................................................................................................
change ......................................................................................................................................
gas 2
name .........................................................................................................................................
change ......................................................................................................................................
[4]
© UCLES 2018 0653/31/O/N/18

17
(c) The formula of ethanol is C2H5OH.
Complete the structure of a molecule of ethanol.
Show all of the bonds between the atoms.
C C
[2]

18
9 Fig. 9.1 shows a dishwasher (an electric dishwashing machine).
Fig. 9.1
The dishwasher uses electrical energy to power
• a heater to heat the water used,
• a motor to pump the hot water through the machine.
The circuit symbols for a heater and a motor are:
heater motor
Fig. 9.2 shows part of the circuit diagram for the dishwasher.
240 V
Fig. 9.2
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19
(a) (i) The heater and the motor are connected in parallel.
A switch turns both the heater and the motor on and off.
On Fig. 9.2 complete the circuit diagram for the dishwasher. [3]
(ii) Name the component in Fig. 9.2 represented by the symbol and
state the reason for including it in the circuit.
component ........................................................................................................................
reason ...............................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
[2]
(b) When switched on, the resistance of the heater is 24 Ω and the resistance of the motor is 4 Ω.
V
(i) Use the formula R = to calculate the current through the heater.
I
Show your working and give the unit of your answer.
working
current = .............................................. unit ............................ [3]
(ii) Put a circle around the likely value of the combined resistance of the heater and motor in
this circuit. Give a reason for your choice.
3.4 Ω 28 Ω
reason ...............................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
© UCLES 2018 0653/31/O/N/18

Group
© UCLES 2018
1 2
H He
hydrogen helium
Key 1 4
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 64 65 70 73 75 79 80 84
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
20
85 88 89 91 93 96 – 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131
55 56 57–71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
0653/31/O/N/18
lanthanoids
133 137 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209 – – –
87 88 89–103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 114 116
actinoids
– – – – – – – – – – – – –
57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
139 140 141 144 – 150 152 157 159 163 165 167 169 173 175
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
– 232 231 238 – – – – – – – – – – –
* 6 9 0 6 6 1 3 5 3 4 *

Paper 4 (Extended) October/November 2018
1 hour 15 minutes

DC (KN/CB) 157629/2
2
1 (a) Fig. 1.1 shows a diagram of an alveolus.
wall of capillary
plasma
alveolus
oxygen
red blood cell
Fig. 1.1
(i) On Fig. 1.1 draw an arrow to show the direction of movement of carbon dioxide at the
alveolus during gas exchange. [1]
(ii) Explain why oxygen molecules diffuse from the alveolus into the blood.
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(iii) Describe two ways in which the structure of the alveolus in Fig. 1.1 makes it suitable for
gas exchange.
1. ........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
2. .......................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
[2]
(b) Describe how a growing baby in the uterus of a pregnant woman obtains glucose.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................[2]
© UCLES 2018 0653/41/O/N/18

3
(c) Fig. 1.2 shows apparatus which is used to study the contents of cigarette smoke. A pump
draws air through the apparatus.
When the cigarette is lit, the smoke produced travels through the apparatus.
pump
cigarette
limewater
cotton wool
Fig. 1.2
(i) The limewater turns milky.
Explain why this happens.
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) Tar from the cigarette is left on the cotton wool.
Describe one effect of tar on the gas exchange system.
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(iii) Cigarette smoke damages the cilia that line the airway.
Explain why this is harmful.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[2]
(iv) The lit cigarette also produces carbon monoxide gas.
Explain why this is a harmful gas when inspired.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[2]
4
2 (a) (i) Name the type of bonding in a water molecule.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) Describe how electrons are involved in the bonds in a water molecule.
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(iii) Draw a dot-and-cross diagram of a water molecule.
Show all of the outer shell electrons.
H O H
[2]
(b) A student dissolves copper chloride in water.
He then passes an electric current through the aqueous copper chloride using the apparatus
shown in Fig. 2.1.
electrode X low voltage electrode Y

d.c. supply
brown solid gas bubbles
aqueous copper chloride
Fig. 2.1
(i) Name electrode X and electrode Y.
electrode X ........................................................................................................................
electrode Y ........................................................................................................................
[2]
© UCLES 2018 0653/41/O/N/18

5
(ii) During this process particles move to the electrodes. A brown solid and gas bubbles
form at the electrodes.
Identify the particles
1. moving to electrode X,
...........................................................................................................................................
2. moving to electrode Y.
...........................................................................................................................................
[2]
(c) Predict the electrode products when an electric current is passed through molten lead oxide.
product at negative electrode ....................................................................................................
product at positive electrode .....................................................................................................

[2]

6
3 Fig. 3.1 shows a train made up of a steam engine and a passenger coach.
steam engine passenger coach
Fig. 3.1
(a) The train is travelling at a constant speed along a level track. Fig. 3.2 shows the four forces
W, X, Y and Z acting on the train.
W Y
Fig. 3.2
(i) Name force Z.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) The force arrows on Fig. 3.2 do not show the sizes of the forces.
State whether or not the driver has made force W equal in size to force Y.
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(b) Fig. 3.3 shows a speed–time graph of the train as it travels between two stations.
30
20
speed
m/s
10
0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
time / s
Fig. 3.3
© UCLES 2018 0653/41/O/N/18
7
(i) Force W in Fig. 3.2 is 200 000 N when the engine is pulling the train at 25 m / s.
Calculate the useful work done by the engine while the train is travelling at 25 m / s in the
journey shown in Fig. 3.3.
State the formula you use, show your working and state the unit of your answer.
formula
working
work done = ................................. unit ................. [3]
(ii) Describe the motion of the train after 500 s until it stops.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[2]
(iii) Use Fig. 3.3 to calculate the distance, in km, travelled by the train in the first 200 s of its
journey.
Show your working.
distance = ............................................... km [2]

8
(iv) After 500 s on this journey, the train travels a further 2.8 km until it stops at the next
station.
Calculate the total distance in kilometres between the two stations.
Show your working.
total distance = ............................................... km [1]
© UCLES 2018 0653/41/O/N/18

9
4 Fig. 4.1 shows an aquatic food web.
sealion
killer whale
octopus
crab
seagull
shellfish
starfish
seaweed
Fig. 4.1
The food web in Fig. 4.1 is made from interconnected food chains.
(a) (i) Write the food chain, contained in Fig. 4.1, which has the greatest number of trophic
levels.
[2]
(ii) Suggest why the food chain you have written in (a)(i) is unusual.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(b) Chemical energy is lost at each trophic level in a food chain. One reason for this is respiration
in the cells of the organisms.
List two uses of the energy released by respiration in the bodies of all of the organisms
shown in Fig. 4.1.
1. ...............................................................................................................................................
2. ...............................................................................................................................................
[2]
(c) Describe two other ways in which energy is wasted when the killer whale eats the sealion.
1. ...............................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
2. ...............................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
[2]
10
5 (a) Calcium sulfate is an insoluble salt.
(i) Name two compounds that react together to form calcium sulfate.
1. .......................................................................................................................................
2. .......................................................................................................................................
[2]
(ii) Suggest the separation method that is used to separate an insoluble salt from an
aqueous reaction mixture.
Explain how this separation method removes the solid from the liquid.
method ..............................................................................................................................
explanation ........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
[2]
(b) Calcium is in Group II in the Periodic Table.
(i) Complete the following sentences using words from the list.
good high low poor
Calcium is a ...................................................................................... electrical conductor.
Calcium has a ............................................................................................ melting point.

[1]
(ii) State the electronic structure of a calcium atom.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(c) Caesium is below potassium in Group I of the Periodic Table.
Potassium melts at 63 °C and it reacts rapidly with water.
Caesium is a solid at room temperature (25 °C).
(i) Compare the rate of the reaction between caesium and water with the rate of reaction
between potassium and water.
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) Suggest the melting point of caesium.
................................................................................................................................. °C [1]
© UCLES 2018 0653/41/O/N/18
11
(d) Describe the reaction, if any, which occurs when copper is mixed with aqueous potassium
chloride.
reaction .....................................................................................................................................
explanation ...............................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
[1]

12
6 Fig. 6.1 shows a liquid-in-glass thermometer at room temperature.
–10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110

°C
Fig. 6.1
(a) State the property of a liquid that is used in a thermometer when measuring temperature.
...............................................................................................................................................[1]
(b) Table 6.1 gives a list of the melting points and boiling points of five substances that are used
in liquid-in-glass thermometers.
Table 6.1
melting point boiling point

substance
/ °C / °C
ethanol –114 78
gallium 30 2403
glycol –12 198
mercury –39 357
water 0 100
(i) Ammonia has a melting point of –78 °C and a boiling point of –33 °C.
Explain why ethanol would be the most suitable for use in a liquid-in-glass thermometer
to measure both the melting point and the boiling point of ammonia.
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) Explain why a thermometer that uses liquid gallium has to be kept in a warm container,
well above room temperature.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[2]
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13
(c) An infra-red thermometer measures temperature in a different way. The wavelength of the
infra-red radiation emitted by a hot body changes with temperature.
An infra-red thermometer measures the wavelengths of infra-red radiation emitted and

converts these to temperature readings.
(i) The wavelength of the infra-red radiation emitted decreases as the temperature of the
hot body increases.
Predict what happens to the frequency of the infra-red radiation as the temperature of
the hot body increases.
prediction ...........................................................................................................................
explanation ........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
[2]
(ii) In the infra-red thermometer, the radiation is focused onto the detector by a thin
converging lens.
On Fig. 6.2 complete the ray diagram to show how this happens.
infra-red lens
radiation
infra-red
detector
Fig. 6.2
[1]

14
7 A student is investigating photosynthesis in an aquatic plant.
(a) Complete the balanced symbol equation for photosynthesis.
....................................... + .....CO2 ....................................... + .....O2 [2]
(b) Fig. 7.1 shows the apparatus that the student uses in the investigation.
after a few hours
oxygen
bubbles of oxygen
test-tube
water
plant
Fig. 7.1
The test-tube is full of water at the start. The apparatus is placed on a laboratory bench and
left for a few hours.
Explain why the water in the test-tube moves downwards in the test-tube in Fig. 7.1.
...................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................[1]
(c) The investigation is repeated in conditions of much greater light intensity.

The apparatus is left for the same length of time as before.
test-tube
water
plant
Fig. 7.2
(i) On Fig. 7.2 draw a line to suggest the new level of water in the test-tube. [1]
(ii) Explain your answer to (c)(i).
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
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15
(d) (i) Explain why acid rain reduces the rate of photosynthesis in plants.
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) Describe two measures that can be taken to reduce acid rain.
1. .......................................................................................................................................
2. .......................................................................................................................................
[2]

16
8 Useful substances are obtained from petroleum using the processes shown in Fig. 8.1.
fractional
process Y
distillation fraction P
column
mixture containing
alkenes
strong heat
petroleum fraction Q
Fig. 8.1
(a) Compare the sizes of the molecules and the strengths of the intermolecular attractive forces
between molecules in fraction P and in fraction Q.
sizes of molecules ....................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
intermolecular attractive forces .................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
[2]
(b) Fraction P contains propane, C3H8.
Construct the balanced equation for the complete combustion of propane.
...............................................................................................................................................[2]
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17
(c) Process Y produces alkene molecules from large alkane molecules.
(i) State how the molecular structure of alkenes differs from the molecular structure of
alkanes.
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) Describe a chemical test that is used to distinguish between propane and propene.
State the observation for propane and for propene.
test ....................................................................................................................................
propane observation .........................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
propene observation .........................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
[2]

18
9 Fig. 9.1 shows a dishwasher (an electric dishwashing machine).
water in
dirty water out
Fig. 9.1
The dishwasher uses electrical energy to
• power a heater to heat the water used,
• power two motors, one to wash the dishes, and another to pump water out of the machine,
• light a small lamp to indicate that the heater is switched on.
The circuit symbols for a heater and a motor are:
heater motor
Fig. 9.2 shows part of the circuit diagram for the dishwasher.
240 V
Fig. 9.2
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19
Each of the motors and the heater has a switch in series. The heater and each motor are turned
on at different times.
(a) (i) Name the type of circuit connection needed.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) On Fig. 9.2 complete the circuit diagram for the dishwasher. [4]
(b) (i) The heater is rated at 2.4 kW. The power consumption in the indicator lamp can be
ignored.
Calculate the current through the heater.
formula
working
current = ............................................... A [2]
(ii) Each motor running at maximum power takes a current of 1.2 A.
Find the maximum current taken from the 240 V mains when the heater and both motors
are working at maximum power. The current in the indicator lamp can be ignored.
current = ............................................... A [1]
(iii) Suggest a suitable value for the fuse in the main circuit.
Give a reason for your answer.
value = ........................................ A
reason ...............................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
[2]
© UCLES 2018 0653/41/O/N/18

© UCLES 2018
Group
1 2

H He
hydrogen helium
Key 1 4
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 64 65 70 73 75 79 80 84
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
20
85 88 89 91 93 96 – 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131
55 56 57–71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
0653/41/O/N/18
lanthanoids
133 137 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209 – – –
87 88 89–103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 114 116
actinoids
– – – – – – – – – – – – –
57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
139 140 141 144 – 150 152 157 159 163 165 167 169 173 175
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
– 232 231 238 – – – – – – – – – – –
* 9 6 6 3 3 7 5 9 5 3 *

Paper 6 Alternative to Practical October/November 2018
1 hour

DC (KS) 171487
2
1 A student investigates a leaf.
Fig. 1.1 shows the leaf.
A B
Fig. 1.1
(a) (i) In the box provided, make an enlarged detailed pencil drawing of the leaf shown in
Fig. 1.1.
[3]
(ii) Draw a line on the leaf in Fig. 1.1 to join the points labelled A and B.
Measure and record the length of this line A–B, in millimetres, to the nearest millimetre.
length of line A–B in Fig. 1.1 ....................................................mm [1]
(iii) Draw the equivalent line A–B on your drawing.
Measure and record the length of this line, in millimetres, to the nearest millimetre.
length of line A–B in drawing ....................................................mm [1]
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3
(iv) Use your measurements in (a)(ii) and (a)(iii) to calculate the magnification of your
drawing.
magnification = ...........................................................[1]
(b) (i) Describe in detail the steps involved to test the leaf for the presence of starch.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[3]
(ii) State the observation for a positive result.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]

4
2 A student investigates the temperature changes when solid H reacts with solution J.
(a) He uses a thermometer to measure the temperature T of solution J to the nearest 0.5 °C. He
records this in Table 2.1 for time = 0 min.
He records in Table 2.2 the appearance of solid H and solution J before the reaction.
• He places a sample of solid H into a plastic cup.
• He adds 25 cm3 of solution J to solid H in the plastic cup.
• He starts the stopclock and stirs the mixture thoroughly.
• He continues stirring and measures the temperature of the mixture every half minute for
four minutes.
• He records in Table 2.1 the values to the nearest 0.5 °C.
• After the final reading, he records in Table 2.2 the appearance of the solid and the solution.
Table 2.1
time / min temperature T / °C

0 20.5
0.5 56.0
1.0 55.0
1.5 49.5
2.0 45.0
2.5 41.5
3.0 38.0
3.5 36.0
4.0 35.0
Table 2.2
observations solid solution

before the reaction grey blue
after the reaction brown colourless
(i) The thermometer readings are taken to the nearest 0.5 °C.
State the value of one division on the thermometer that makes this possible.
one division = ......................................................°C [1]
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5
(ii) Use the data in Table 2.1 to calculate the maximum rise in temperature ΔT of the mixture
during the reaction.
ΔT ......................................................°C [1]
(iii) Explain why the value in (a)(ii) can only be regarded as an estimate.
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(iv) Suggest what could have been done to achieve a more accurate value for the rise in
temperature for this experiment.
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(b) (i) Calculate the energy E released in this reaction. Use the equation shown.
E = volume of solution J × 4.2 × ΔT
Give your answer to 2 significant figures.
E = ................................................ joules [2]
(ii) Your value of E in (b)(i) is less than the actual amount of thermal energy released by the
reaction.
Suggest an improvement to the apparatus (not the chemicals) that would result in a
higher value of E.
Explain why your improvement would result in a higher value of E.
improvement .....................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
explanation ........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
[2]

6
(c) Using the observations in Table 2.2, the student concludes that solution J contains the
copper(II) ion, Cu2+.
Describe a test that the student could use to confirm that solution J contains the copper(II)
ion, Cu2+.
Include the observations for a positive test.
test ............................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
observations .............................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
[2]
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7
3 A student measures the acceleration of free fall g using a spring.
l0
Fig. 3.1
(a) Measure and record the unstretched length l 0 of the spring shown in Fig. 3.1 to the nearest
millimetre.
l 0 = ....................................................mm [1]

8
(b) The student attaches the spring to a clamp as shown in Fig. 3.2 and suspends a 200 g mass
on the spring.
clamp
l1
stand
200 g mass
Fig. 3.2
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9
Measure the stretched length l 1 of the spring.
l 1 = .........................................................mm
Calculate the extension e of the spring produced by the mass. Use the equation shown.
e = l1 − l0
Record your value in Table 3.1. [1]
Table 3.1
mass m extension e time t taken for period T

T 2 / s2
/g / mm 20 oscillations / s /s
200 11.22 0.561 0.31
300 118 13.34 0.667
400 160 15.81 0.791 0.63
500 202 17.87 0.894 0.80
(c) The student pulls the mass down a small distance and releases it. The mass oscillates up
and down. The period T of the oscillations is the time taken for one oscillation.
• She measures the time t taken for 20 oscillations and records this time in Table 3.1.
• She repeats the procedure for masses of 300 g, 400 g and 500 g.
Her results are shown in Table 3.1.
Calculate the missing value of T 2.
Record your answer in Table 3.1. [1]

10
(d) (i) On the grid provided, plot a graph of T 2 (vertical axis) against e. Start your axes at (0,0).
T 2 / s2
e / mm
[2]
(ii) Draw the best-fit straight line. [1]
(iii) Calculate the gradient of your line.
Show all working and indicate on your graph the values you chose to enable an accurate
value of the gradient to be calculated.
gradient = ...........................................................[2]
(iv) Use your answer to (d)(iii) and the equation shown, to determine a value for the
acceleration of free fall g.
0.0395
g=
gradient
g = ..................................................m / s2 [1]
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11
(e) It is important to avoid line-of-sight (parallax) errors when measuring the length of a spring.
Describe how you would avoid this error.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................[1]

12
4 A student investigates oxygen consumption in respiring maggots.
(a) She sets up the apparatus shown in Fig. 4.1. The soda lime removes any carbon dioxide in
the test-tube.
• The student closes the clip. She reads and records the start position of the left hand edge
of the coloured liquid.
• She leaves the apparatus for 30 minutes. The coloured liquid moves towards the maggots.
• She reads and records the end position of the left-hand edge of the coloured liquid.
• She opens the clip.
rubber tubing scale

clip
glass tubing
capillary coloured
tube liquid
maggots
zinc gauze
soda lime
Fig. 4.1
Fig. 4.2 shows the positions of the left-hand edge of the coloured liquid at the start and at the
end of the investigation.
coloured coloured
liquid liquid
5 4 3 cm 8 7 6 cm
start end
Fig. 4.2
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13
(i) Use Fig. 4.2 to read the positions of the left-hand edge of the coloured liquid and record
them in Table 4.1, in centimetres, to the nearest 0.1 cm. [2]
Table 4.1
rate of movement of the

start position end position total distance moved in
coloured liquid
/ cm / cm 30 minutes / cm
/ cm per minute
(ii) Calculate the total distance moved by the coloured liquid in 30 minutes. Record your
answer in Table 4.1.
[1]
(iii) Calculate the rate of movement of the coloured liquid in cm per minute. Record your
answer in Table 4.1.
[1]
(b) During the investigation, the apparatus shown in Fig. 4.1 is airtight, and the maggots are
respiring.
The word equation for respiration is shown.
glucose + oxygen carbon dioxide + water
Explain why the coloured liquid moves towards the maggots during the investigation.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................[2]

14
(c) Suggest why the student needs to close the clip at the start of the investigation and open it at
the end of the investigation.
close at start .............................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
open at end ...............................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
[2]
(d) This experiment is repeated using the same apparatus.
State two variables that need to be kept constant.
variable 1 ..................................................................................................................................
variable 2 ..................................................................................................................................
[2]
© UCLES 2018 0653/61/O/N/18

15
5 A student prepares a pure sample of blue copper sulfate crystals using black copper oxide powder
and sulfuric acid.
He uses the following method.
Step 1: Measure 25 cm3 of sulfuric acid into a beaker.
Step 2: Place the beaker of sulfuric acid onto a tripod and heat gently with a Bunsen burner.
Step 3: Add copper oxide powder to the sulfuric acid a small amount at a time and stir with a
glass rod. Keep adding the copper oxide until no more reacts. Be careful not to let the
mixture boil.
Step 4: Filter the mixture into an evaporating basin.
Step 5: Gently heat the copper sulfate solution in the evaporating basin until about half of the
water in the solution has evaporated.
Step 6: Leave the basin to cool.
Step 7: Filter off the crystals.
Step 8: Wash the crystals with ice cold water.
Step 9: Dry the crystals with filter paper.
(a) Name a piece of apparatus suitable for measuring the 25 cm3 of sulfuric acid used in Step 1.
...............................................................................................................................................[1]
(b) Draw a labelled diagram of the apparatus used for Step 2.
[2]
(c) State how the student knows when no more copper oxide will react with the sulfuric acid in
Step 3.
...............................................................................................................................................[1]

16
(d) The apparatus used for Step 4 is shown in Fig. 5.1.
Fig. 5.1
Label all of the apparatus and all of the substances shown in Fig. 5.1. [2]
(e) Explain why only half of the water is evaporated in Step 5.
...................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................[1]
(f) Explain how the student makes sure that the crystals he produces are pure.
...................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................[1]
(g) Suggest why the water in Step 8 is ice cold.
...................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................[1]
(h) The student adds the crystals to a boiling tube and heats them gently until they form a white
powder.
State the substance that could be added to the white powder to make the blue colour return.
...............................................................................................................................................[1]
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17
BLANK PAGE

18
6 A student investigates the alcohol content of wine.

• He places a 100 cm3 measuring cylinder on a mass balance and zeroes the balance (so that
the mass reads 0.00 g).
• He places between 95 cm3 and 100 cm3 of water into the measuring cylinder. This is 0% alcohol.
• He reads the mass balance, which is the mass of water. He records this mass in Table 6.1.
• He measures the volume of water and records this value, to the nearest 0.5 cm3, in Table 6.1.
• He empties the measuring cylinder and repeats the procedure using 4%, 8%, 12%, 16% and
20% alcohol solutions.
Table 6.1
percentage of alcohol / % volume / cm3 mass / g density / g per cm3

0 99.0 99.0 1.000
4 98.5 97.8 0.993
8 99.5 97.7 0.982
12 94.6 0.980
16 97.0 0.975
20 96.0 93.0 0.969
(a) (i) Fig. 6.1 shows the volume in the measuring cylinder for the 12% alcohol solution.
100
90
Fig. 6.1
Record this volume in Table 6.1. [1]
(ii) Fig. 6.2 shows the mass balance reading for the 16% alcohol solution.
94·58 g
Fig. 6.2
Record this mass in Table 6.1. [1]
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19
(b) (i) On the grid provided, plot a graph of density (vertical axis) against percentage of alcohol.
Label the axes.
1.000
0.990
0.980
0.970
0.960
0.950
0 4 8 12 16 20
[2]
(ii) On your graph, circle the anomalous point. [1]
(iii) Draw the best-fit straight line. [1]
(c) Use your graph to determine the percentage alcohol content of a sample of wine of density
0.978 g per cm3.
Show clearly on your graph how you arrived at your answer.
Percentage alcohol content of wine = .......................................................% [1]
(d) Suggest how the student could minimise the effect of errors in this experiment.
...................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................[1]

20
(e) The density of the alcohol solution is calculated using the formula shown.
mass
density = volume
Suggest one reason why the student added between 95 cm3 and 100 cm3 of the alcohol
solution into the measuring cylinder rather than adding exactly 100 cm3.
...................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................[1]
(f) Some wines, for example Champagne, contain dissolved carbon dioxide which makes them
fizzy.
Suggest one reason why the method in this experiment is not suitable for determining the
alcohol content of Champagne.
...................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................[1]
© UCLES 2018 0653/61/O/N/18

Cambridge Assessment International Education

Paper 1 Multiple Choice (Core) May/June 2019
45 minutes
Soft clean eraser
*5113426920*

Write your name, centre number and candidate number on the Answer Sheet in the spaces provided
IB19 06_0653_11/2RP
2
1 Which characteristics are found in all living organisms?
excretion growth photosynthesis respiration
A yes yes no yes

B yes yes yes no
C yes no yes yes
D no yes yes yes
2 Uncooked pieces of potato of identical size were placed in different liquids for one hour.
1 pure water
2 sugar solution less concentrated than the cell contents
3 sugar solution more concentrated than the cell contents
4 sugar solution of the same concentration as the cell contents
After this time, which liquids will cause an increase in the size of the pieces of potato?
A 1, 2 and 4 B 1, 3 and 4 C 1 and 2 only D 1 only
3 Which row identifies the graphs that show the effect of temperature and the effect of pH on an
enzyme-controlled reaction?
1 2 3
rate of rate of rate of

reaction reaction reaction
temperature pH
A graph 1 graph 2
B graph 2 graph 3
C graph 1 graph 3
D graph 3 graph 2
4 What helps maintain healthy gums?
A calcium
B iron
C vitamin C
D vitamin D
© UCLES 2019 0653/11/M/J/19

3
5 What is a function of the small intestine?
A It cuts food into small pieces.

B It provides a large surface area for absorption.
C It provides space for the storage of faeces.
D It stores food.
6 The graphs P, Q and R show the changes in the volume of air in the lungs of the same person,
measured after different levels of activities.
P Q
2 2
volume volume
of air in 1 of air in 1
lungs / dm3 lungs / dm3
0 0
0 10 20 0 10 20
time / s time / s
R
2
volume
of air in 1
lungs / dm3
0
0 10 20
time / s
Which row shows the correct graph for each level of activity?
immediately immediately
at rest after 10 minutes after 10 minutes
of running of walking
A P Q R
B P R Q
C R Q P
D R P Q

4
A carbon dioxide + glucose → oxygen + water
B glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water
C oxygen + water → carbon dioxide + glucose
D water + carbon dioxide → glucose + oxygen
8 How does adrenaline affect blood glucose concentration and pulse rate?
blood glucose
pulse rate
concentration
A decreases decreases
B decreases increases
C increases decreases
D increases increases
9 Diagram 1 shows a growing seedling after the first few days’ growth.
The seedling was then rotated, held in the position shown in diagram 2 and placed in the dark for
three days.
diagram 1 diagram 2
What is the shape of the seedling three days later?
A B C D
© UCLES 2019 0653/11/M/J/19

5
10 What are the features of sexual reproduction?
fusion
nature of offspring
of nuclei
A no genetically dissimilar
B yes genetically identical
C no genetically identical
D yes genetically dissimilar
11 The diagram shows a section through an insect-pollinated flower.
Which labels are correct?
anther petal sepal stigma
A 1 3 4 2
B 1 4 3 2
C 2 3 4 1
D 2 4 3 1

6
12 The diagram shows a food web.
small fish
mosquito larvae water fleas
protozoa rotifers
green algae
Which organisms are both primary and secondary consumers?
A small fish only

B protozoa and rotifers
C protozoa only
D rotifers only
13 Which gas builds up in the atmosphere as a result of deforestation?
A carbon dioxide
B methane
C nitrogen
D oxygen
14 The diagram shows apparatus used for filtration.
Why can sugar and salt not be separated by using this apparatus?
A They are both compounds.

B They are both white.
C They both dissolve in water.
D They both have the same size particles.
© UCLES 2019 0653/11/M/J/19

7
15 Copper sulfate crystals dissolve in water.
Which word describes the role of the water?
A filtrate
B solute
C solution
D solvent
16 Which row describes an ionic compound?
melting electrical conductivity electrical conductivity

point / °C when solid when dissolved in water
A –7 poor good
B 119 poor insoluble
C 801 poor good
D 3652 good insoluble
17 Aluminium sulfate contains two aluminium atoms, three sulfur atoms and twelve oxygen atoms.
What is the formula of aluminium sulfate?
A 2Al 3S6O B 2Al S3O12 C Al 2(SO4)3 D Al 23(SO4)

8
18 Molten lead(II) bromide is electrolysed using inert electrodes.
power
supply
+ –
inert inert
anode cathode
molten lead(II)
bromide
What is formed at each electrode?
anode cathode
A grey solid orange-brown gas

B grey solid grey solid
C orange-brown gas orange-brown gas
D orange-brown gas grey solid
19 When an excess of zinc is added to dilute hydrochloric acid, a gas is released.
Which pieces of apparatus are needed to investigate the rate of this reaction?
1 balance
2 gas syringe
3 stop watch
4 thermometer
© UCLES 2019 0653/11/M/J/19

9
20 Methane reacts with copper oxide.
The equation for the reaction is shown.
4CuO + CH4 → 4Cu + CO2 + 2H2O
A Carbon is reduced.
B Copper oxide is oxidised.
C It is a redox reaction.
D Methane is reduced.
21 Which aqueous ion gives a white precipitate with aqueous sodium hydroxide and with aqueous
ammonia?
A Cu2+ B Fe2+ C Fe3+ D Zn2+
22 Which row describes the physical state of the Group VII elements at room temperature?
chlorine bromine iodine
A gas gas liquid

B gas liquid solid
C liquid liquid gas
D liquid solid solid
23 Which gas is used to fill lamps?
A argon
B carbon dioxide
C hydrogen
D oxygen
24 Which two elements do not form an alloy?
A carbon and sulfur

B carbon and iron
C copper and zinc
D silver and gold

10
25 Two open containers, X and Y, are inside a glass tube.
Steam passes over solids in X and Y, as shown.
glass tube
steam
X Y
X contains anhydrous copper(II) sulfate.
Y contains hydrated cobalt(II) chloride.
What is observed?
A The solid in X remains blue.

B The solid in X turns from white to blue.
C The solid in Y turns from blue to pink.
D The solid in Y turns from pink to white.
26 Which statement shows that petroleum is a mixture?
A Petroleum can be burned as a fuel.

B Petroleum can be separated into fractions by distillation.
C Petroleum is a fossil fuel formed over millions of years.
D Petroleum is a thick, black liquid.
27 Which statement about alkanes is not correct?
A Alkanes are unsaturated hydrocarbons.

B Alkanes burn to release heat energy.
C Alkanes form carbon dioxide and water when they burn.
D Alkane molecules contain only single bonds.
© UCLES 2019 0653/11/M/J/19

11
28 Which labelled part of the electromagnetic spectrum is often involved in thermal energy transfer
by radiation?
radio gamma
A B C D
waves rays
visible
light
29 What does the gradient of a speed–time graph represent?
A acceleration
B average speed
C distance travelled
D time taken
30 The diagram shows a tug-of-war between team X and team Y.
The arrows show the forces exerted by the teams on the rope.
team X team Y
rope
325 N 400 N
What is the size of the resultant force on the rope and in which direction does the resultant force
act?
size of direction of
resultant force / N resultant force
A 75 to the left
B 75 to the right
C 725 to the left
D 725 to the right

12
31 A ball made of soft clay is dropped and hits the ground. It does not bounce.
soft clay ball
ground
What energy changes take place as the ball drops and hits the ground?
A gravitational potential → kinetic → thermal
B gravitational potential → thermal → kinetic
C kinetic → gravitational potential → thermal
D kinetic → thermal → gravitational potential
32 Which two quantities are used to calculate the power produced by a car engine?
A the speed of the car and the distance the car has travelled
B the speed of the car and the time for the journey
C the work done by the engine and the distance the car has travelled
D the work done by the engine and the time taken to do the work
33 Benzene and glycerine are two substances.
The table gives the melting point and the boiling point of benzene and of glycerine.
melting point / °C boiling point / °C
benzene 5.4 80
glycerine 18 290
At which temperature are both benzene and glycerine liquid?
A 0 °C B 50 °C C 90 °C D 300 °C
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13
34 The diagram shows a vacuum flask containing a hot liquid in a cold room.
X and Y are points on the inside surfaces of the walls of the flask.
cold room
X Y
hot liquid
vacuum
How is thermal energy transferred through the vacuum between X and Y?
A by conduction and convection

B by conduction only
C by radiation and convection
D by radiation only
35 The diagram represents a wave at one moment.
Q
R S
P
Which labelled arrows represent the amplitude and the wavelength of the wave?
amplitude wavelength
A P R
B P S
C Q R
D Q S

14
36 Which row describes the characteristics of the image of an object formed by a plane mirror?
type of image size of image
A real same as object

B real smaller than object
C virtual same as object
D virtual smaller than object
37 The amplitude of a sound wave decreases and its frequency increases.
What happens to the sound heard?
A It becomes louder and its pitch becomes higher.

B It becomes louder and its pitch becomes lower.
C It becomes quieter and its pitch becomes higher.
D It becomes quieter and its pitch becomes lower.
38 The diagram shows a circuit set up by a student.
How is the resistance of the resistor calculated?
ammeter reading
A
voltmeter reading
B ammeter reading × voltmeter reading

voltmeter reading
C
ammeter reading
D voltmeter reading + ammeter reading
© UCLES 2019 0653/11/M/J/19

15
39 A circuit contains four ammeters P, Q, R and S.
A
Q
P A
A
R
A
S
Which of these ammeters show the greatest reading?
A P only B P and Q C R only D R and S
40 A mains circuit can safely supply a current of up to 40 A.
The current in a hairdryer is 2 A when it is operating normally. The hairdryer is connected to the
mains by a lead which can safely carry up to 5 A.
What is the correct fuse to protect the hairdryer?
A 1 A fuse
B 3 A fuse
C 10 A fuse
D 50 A fuse
Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download
at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series.
Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of
Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which itself is a department of the University of Cambridge.
© UCLES 2019 0653/11/M/J/19

Group
© UCLES 2019
1 2
H He
hydrogen helium
Key 1 4
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 64 65 70 73 75 79 80 84
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
85 88 89 91 93 96 – 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131
16
55 56 57–71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
lanthanoids
0653/11/M/J/19
133 137 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209 – – –
87 88 89–103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 114 116
actinoids
– – – – – – – – – – – – –
57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
139 140 141 144 – 150 152 157 159 163 165 167 169 173 175
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
– 232 231 238 – – – – – – – – – – –

Paper 2 Multiple Choice (Extended) May/June 2019
45 minutes
Soft clean eraser
*1585307531*

IB19 06_0653_21/2RP
2
1 A student is reading a text book. He finds the following definition about how substances move in
and out of cells.
The net movement of water molecules from a

region of higher water potential to a region of
lower water potential through a partially
permeable membrane is called
The corner of the page has been torn.
What is the missing word at the end of the sentence?
A diffusion
B dissolving
C evaporation
D osmosis
2 The graph shows how the activity of an enzyme varies.
enzyme activity
0
0
Which label for the x-axis of this graph is correct?
A enzyme activity
B pH
C temperature
D time
3 What is defined as the breakdown of food into smaller pieces, without chemically changing the
molecules?
A absorption
B chemical digestion
C egestion
D mechanical digestion
© UCLES 2019 0653/21/M/J/19

3
4 The diagram shows an experiment at the start and one hour later.
beaker
water water and

partially permeable simple sugars
membrane
starch solution
plus Q
start of experiment one hour later
What is Q?
A amylase
B lipase
C protease
D water
5 The rate of water absorption into a plant is increased by the large surface area of which type of
cell?
A mesophyll
B root cortex
C root hair
D xylem

4
6 The graphs P, Q and R show the changes in the volume of air in the lungs of the same person,
measured after different levels of activities.
P Q
2 2
volume volume
of air in 1 of air in 1
lungs / dm3 lungs / dm3
0 0
0 10 20 0 10 20
time / s time / s
R
2
volume
of air in 1
lungs / dm3
0
0 10 20
time / s
Which row shows the correct graph for each level of activity?
immediately immediately
at rest after 10 minutes after 10 minutes
of running of walking
A P Q R
B P R Q
C R Q P
D R P Q
A carbon dioxide + glucose → oxygen + water
B glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water
C oxygen + water → carbon dioxide + glucose
D water + carbon dioxide → glucose + oxygen
© UCLES 2019 0653/21/M/J/19

5
8 How does adrenaline affect blood glucose concentration and pulse rate?
blood glucose
pulse rate
concentration
9 Diagram 1 shows a germinating bean seed placed horizontally.
pin
diagram 1
Diagram 2 shows the same seed after three days. The shoot has grown upwards because of the
action of an auxin.
Where is the auxin produced?
C A
pin
diagram 2
10 What are the features of sexual reproduction?
fusion
nature of offspring
of nuclei
A no genetically dissimilar
B yes genetically identical
C no genetically identical
D yes genetically dissimilar

6
11 The diagram shows a section through an insect-pollinated flower.
Which labels are correct?
anther petal sepal stigma
A 1 3 4 2
B 1 4 3 2
C 2 3 4 1
D 2 4 3 1
© UCLES 2019 0653/21/M/J/19

7
12 The diagram shows a food web from the African grasslands.
hawk
leopard
baboon
snake
tick bird
scorpion tick
impala
locust seed-eating bird
grass
Which row correctly identifies the positions of the organisms in the food web?
primary secondary tertiary

consumer consumer consumer
A grass seed-eating bird locust

B impala tick leopard
C locust scorpion tick bird
D seed-eating bird tick bird baboon
13 Which changes to the composition of the atmosphere are caused by cutting down forests?
carbon dioxide gas oxygen gas

8
14 The diagram shows apparatus used for filtration.
Why can sugar and salt not be separated by using this apparatus?
A They are both compounds.

B They are both white.
C They both dissolve in water.
D They both have the same size particles.
15 Copper sulfate crystals dissolve in water.
Which word describes the role of the water?
A filtrate
B solute
C solution
D solvent
16 Magnesium chloride is an ionic compound.
Which row describes the formation of magnesium chloride and the strength of the attraction
between its ions?
strength of the
formation of magnesium chloride
attraction between ions
A electrons are shared between magnesium and chlorine strong

B electrons are shared between magnesium and chlorine weak
C electrons are transferred from magnesium to chlorine strong
D electrons are transferred from magnesium to chlorine weak
© UCLES 2019 0653/21/M/J/19

9
17 Which process occurs at the anode during the electrolysis of concentrated aqueous
sodium chloride?
A Chloride ions lose electrons to form chlorine.

B Hydrogen ions gain electrons to form hydrogen.
C Oxide ions lose electrons to form oxygen.
D Sodium ions gain electrons to form sodium.
18 When an excess of zinc is added to dilute hydrochloric acid, a gas is released.
Which pieces of apparatus are needed to investigate the rate of this reaction?
1 balance
2 gas syringe
3 stop watch
4 thermometer
19 Calcium chloride is a soluble salt.
It is made by adding calcium carbonate to substance X.
Solid calcium chloride is obtained from the reaction mixture by process Y.
What are substance X and process Y?
substance X process Y
A hydrochloric acid crystallisation

B hydrochloric acid filtration
C sodium chloride crystallisation
D sodium chloride filtration
20 Which aqueous ion gives a white precipitate with aqueous sodium hydroxide and with aqueous
ammonia?
A Cu2+ B Fe2+ C Fe3+ D Zn2+

10
21 Which pair of substances react together?
A bromine and potassium chloride

B bromine and potassium iodide
C iodine and potassium bromide
D iodine and potassium chloride
22 Iron obtained from the blast furnace contains small amounts of carbon and silicon.
Which statement describes this iron?
A It is a covalent compound.
B It is an alloy.
C It is an ionic compound.
D It is slag.
23 P, Q, R and S are four metallic elements.
An atom of S forms an ion by losing only one electron.
When Q is added to a solution of R2+ ions, metal R is produced.
P reacts with cold water to form hydrogen.
What are P, Q, R and S?
P Q R S
A calcium magnesium copper sodium

B copper magnesium iron potassium
C potassium copper zinc sodium
D sodium zinc iron magnesium
24 Which statement about water is not correct?
A A water molecule consists of three atoms covalently bonded together.

B The water supply is treated with chlorine to kill the bacteria in it.
C Water changes the colour of cobalt chloride paper from blue to pink.
D Water has a low melting point because covalent bonds are weak.
© UCLES 2019 0653/21/M/J/19

11
25 Which statement shows that petroleum is a mixture?
A Petroleum can be burned as a fuel.

B Petroleum can be separated into fractions by distillation.
C Petroleum is a fossil fuel formed over millions of years.
D Petroleum is a thick, black liquid.
26 Which statement about alkanes is not correct?
A Alkanes are unsaturated hydrocarbons.

B Alkanes burn to release heat energy.
C Alkanes form carbon dioxide and water when they burn.
D Alkane molecules contain only single bonds.
27 Which reaction equation represents cracking?
A CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O
B C2H4 + Br2 → C2H4Br2
C nC2H4 → ( C2H2 ) n
D C2H6 → C2H4 + H2
28 Which labelled part of the electromagnetic spectrum is often involved in thermal energy transfer
by radiation?
radio gamma
A B C D
waves rays
visible
light

12
29 The diagrams show two speed–time graphs and two distance–time graphs.
Which graph represents the motion of a train with a positive acceleration that is not constant?
A B
speed speed
0 0
0 time 0 time
C D
distance distance
0 0
0 time 0 time
© UCLES 2019 0653/21/M/J/19

13
30 The diagram shows an extension-load graph for a spring.
12
11
extension / cm
10
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
load / N
The unstretched length of the spring is 10.0 cm.
What is the length of the spring when a load of 8.0 N is suspended from it?
A 4.0 cm B 14.0 cm C 16.0 cm D 26.0 cm
31 Which statement describes the process of convection in a liquid?
A Heated liquid becomes less dense and falls.

B Heated liquid becomes less dense and rises.
C Heated liquid becomes more dense and falls.
D Heated liquid becomes more dense and rises.

14
32 A balloon contains helium. The balloon is released and rises through the atmosphere. Its volume
increases and the temperature of the helium inside it decreases.
What happens to the average distance between the helium molecules and what happens to their
average speed?
average distance average speed

between molecules of molecules
33 The diagram shows a vacuum flask containing a hot liquid in a cold room.
X and Y are points on the inside surfaces of the walls of the flask.
cold room
X Y
hot liquid
vacuum
How is thermal energy transferred through the vacuum between X and Y?
A by conduction and convection

B by conduction only
C by radiation and convection
D by radiation only
© UCLES 2019 0653/21/M/J/19

15
34 The diagram represents a wave at one moment.
Q
R S
P
Which labelled arrows represent the amplitude and the wavelength of the wave?
amplitude wavelength
A P R
B P S
C Q R
D Q S
35 Which row describes what happens to sound waves as they travel from air into water, and from
water into rock?
sound travelling from sound travelling from

air into water water into rock
A slows down slows down

B slows down speeds up
C speeds up slows down
D speeds up speeds up
36 The amplitude of a sound wave decreases and its frequency increases.
What happens to the sound heard?
A It becomes louder and its pitch becomes higher.

B It becomes louder and its pitch becomes lower.
C It becomes quieter and its pitch becomes higher.
D It becomes quieter and its pitch becomes lower.
37 What is the unit of electric charge?
A ampere
B coulomb
C volt
D watt

16
38 There is a current of 2.0 A in a resistor. The power produced in the resistor is 8.0 W.
What is the potential difference across the resistor?
A 0.25 V B 4.0 V C 10 V D 16 V
39 Three resistors, one of resistance 4.0 Ω and two of resistance 2.0 Ω, are connected in different
arrangements.
Which arrangement has a total resistance of 5.0 Ω?
A B
2.0 Ω 2.0 Ω
4.0 Ω 2.0 Ω
2.0 Ω 4.0 Ω
C D
2.0 Ω 2.0 Ω
2.0 Ω 2.0 Ω 4.0 Ω
4.0 Ω
40 A mains circuit can safely supply a current of up to 40 A.
The current in a hairdryer is 2 A when it is operating normally. The hairdryer is connected to the
mains by a lead which can safely carry up to 5 A.
What is the correct fuse to protect the hairdryer?
A 1 A fuse
B 3 A fuse
C 10 A fuse
D 50 A fuse
© UCLES 2019 0653/21/M/J/19

17
BLANK PAGE
© UCLES 2019 0653/21/M/J/19

18
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© UCLES 2019 0653/21/M/J/19

19
BLANK PAGE
© UCLES 2019 0653/21/M/J/19

Group
© UCLES 2019
1 2
H He
hydrogen helium
Key 1 4
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 64 65 70 73 75 79 80 84
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
85 88 89 91 93 96 – 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131
20
55 56 57–71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
lanthanoids
0653/21/M/J/19
133 137 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209 – – –
87 88 89–103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 114 116
actinoids
– – – – – – – – – – – – –
57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
139 140 141 144 – 150 152 157 159 163 165 167 169 173 175
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
– 232 231 238 – – – – – – – – – – –
* 2 1 9 7 4 4 2 1 3 6 *

Paper 3 (Core) May/June 2019
1 hour 15 minutes
Write your centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in.

DC (ST/CT) 174118/3
2
1 (a) Plants make their own food in leaves by the process of photosynthesis.
Fig. 1.1 shows a cross-section of a leaf.
Fig. 1.1
Name cell parts A, B and C shown in Fig. 1.1.
A ...............................................................................................................................................
B ...............................................................................................................................................
C ...............................................................................................................................................
[3]
© UCLES 2019 0653/31/M/J/19

3
(b) Fig. 1.2 shows a cross-section of the central structure of a leaf, known as the midrib.
The vascular bundle is shown in the middle of the midrib in Fig. 1.2.
vascular bundle
Fig. 1.2
(i) On Fig. 1.2 use a label line and the letter X to label any part of the xylem. [1]
(ii) On Fig. 1.2 use a label line and the letter P to label any part of the phloem. [1]
(iii) State the function of the phloem.
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(c) Glucose and oxygen are produced by cells in the leaves during photosynthesis.
Plant cells can use these products to carry out respiration.
Complete the word equation for respiration.
glucose + oxygen +
[1]
(d) State two uses for the energy released by respiration in the bodies of humans.
1. ...............................................................................................................................................
2. ...............................................................................................................................................
[2]
[Total: 9]

4
2 (a) The composition of clean air is shown in Fig. 2.1.
other gases
gas X
gas Y
Fig. 2.1
Methane, carbon dioxide and water vapour are three of the other gases.
Identify gas X and gas Y.
gas X ........................................................................................................................................
gas Y ........................................................................................................................................
[2]
(b) Methane is the main constituent of a fossil fuel.
(i) Name this fossil fuel.
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) State the formula of methane. [1]
.................................
(iii) State the name of the group of saturated hydrocarbons that includes methane.
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(iv) Identify the products of the complete combustion of methane.
............................................................... and ............................................................... [1]
© UCLES 2019 0653/31/M/J/19

5
(c) Compound X contains only calcium, carbon and oxygen.
When it is heated it decomposes to form carbon dioxide and calcium oxide.
Identify compound X.
............................................................................................................................................. [1]
(d) Describe a chemical test for water and state the result that shows the presence of water.
test ............................................................................................................................................
result .........................................................................................................................................
[2]
[Total: 9]

6
3 Fig. 3.1 shows a whale swimming underwater.
Fig. 3.1
(a) (i) The force arrows labelled P and Q show the vertical forces acting on the whale.
Name force Q.
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) The whale is swimming at constant depth, using a force R to push itself forward.
On Fig. 3.1 draw a force arrow to show the frictional force opposing the motion of the
whale, and label it S. [1]
(iii) When force R is 500 N, the whale moves at a constant speed of 5.0 km / h.
State the value of force S.
force S = ...................................................... N [1]
(iv) Force R decreases to 400 N. Force P increases.
Describe how these two changes affect the motion of the whale.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [2]
© UCLES 2019 0653/31/M/J/19

7
(b) The whale does work against the friction of the water as it swims at a constant speed and a
constant depth on a journey.
(i) State the two quantities needed to calculate the work done by the whale on its journey.
............................................................... and ............................................................... [2]
(ii) Complete the sequence of energy changes that occur on the whale’s journey.
............................................................... energy in the whale
to ............................................................... energy of the whale
thermal
to ............................................................... energy transferred to the water.
[2]
(c) The whale makes a sound to call to another whale 9000 m away.
The second whale hears the call 6.0 seconds later.
Calculate the speed of sound in water.
Show your working.
speed = .................................................. m / s [2]
[Total: 11]

8
4 (a) Fig. 4.1 is a diagram of the male reproductive system.
Fig. 4.1
Complete Table 4.1 to show the names and the functions of parts A, B, C and D shown in
Fig. 4.1.
Table 4.1
letter of
name of part function
structure
A sperm duct
B carries urine and semen out of the body
C production of male gametes (sperm)
D scrotum
[4]
© UCLES 2019 0653/31/M/J/19

9
(b) Fig. 4.2 shows the changes to the thickness of the uterus lining during the menstrual cycle.
thickness of
uterus lining
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
time / days
Fig. 4.2
(i) State what happens to the uterus lining during the first five days.
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Use Fig. 4.2 to determine the number of days in a complete menstrual cycle.
number of days = ......................................................... [1]
(iii) Suggest why the uterus lining becomes thicker between days 7 and 30.
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(c) Describe the process of fertilisation of a sperm cell and an egg cell.
...................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................. [2]
[Total: 9]

10
5 A student investigates the reactivities of four metals, calcium, magnesium, tin and zinc.
She reacts 1 g pieces of each metal separately with excess dilute hydrochloric acid.
She collects and measures the gas from each reaction using a measuring cylinder, as shown in
Fig. 5.1.
gas
measuring
cylinder
excess dilute
hydrochloric acid
metal
Fig. 5.1
The time taken to collect 20 cm3 of gas in each experiment is recorded in Table 5.1.
Table 5.1
metal time taken / s

calcium 20
magnesium 55
tin more than 300
zinc 100
(a) (i) Deduce the order of reactivity of the four metals, calcium, magnesium, tin and zinc, from
most reactive to least reactive.
........................................... most reactive
...........................................
...........................................
........................................... least reactive

[2]
© UCLES 2019 0653/31/M/J/19

11
(ii) Suggest two changes that can be made to increase the rate of reaction of a metal with
hydrochloric acid.
1. .......................................................................................................................................
2. .......................................................................................................................................
[2]
(b) (i) Identify the gas produced when zinc reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid.
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Fig. 5.2 shows some gases and tests for gases.
The boxes on the left show the gases. The boxes on the right show the tests.
gas test
ammonia glowing splint
carbon dioxide damp red litmus paper
oxygen limewater
Fig. 5.2
On Fig. 5.2 draw one line from each gas to the test used for the gas. [2]
(c) The four metals, calcium, magnesium, tin and zinc, have high melting points and high boiling
points.
Suggest two other physical properties of these metals.
1. ...............................................................................................................................................
2. ...............................................................................................................................................
[2]
[Total: 9]

12
6 Fig. 6.1 shows an electrical device used in kitchens to kill insects. Insects can spread disease by
contaminating food.
fluorescent tubes grid of fine wires

in front of the
fluorescent tubes
safety grille
consisting of
closely spaced
metal rods
Fig. 6.1
The device is connected to the electricity supply.
(a) The two fluorescent tubes emit both visible light and ultraviolet radiation. This attracts insects
to the device.
(i) Fig. 6.2 shows an incomplete electromagnetic spectrum.
micro-
X-rays radio waves
waves
Fig. 6.2
On Fig. 6.2 place visible light and ultraviolet radiation in their correct boxes in the
spectrum. [2]
(ii) The level of ultraviolet radiation emitted by the device is kept as low as possible when
the device is used where people are present.
Explain why this precaution is needed.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [2]
© UCLES 2019 0653/31/M/J/19

13
(b) Fig. 6.1 shows a grid of fine wires in front of the two fluorescent tubes. The insects have to fly
between the wires as they go towards the light.
A potential difference of 2000 V exists between each pair of wires.
When an insect touches a pair of wires, an electrical circuit is completed. An electric current
flows through the insect.
(i) State what is meant by electric current.
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) The current in the wires when an insect touches them and completes the circuit is 0.5 A.
Calculate the resistance of the insect.
Show your working and state the unit of your answer.
resistance = .......................... unit .................... [3]
(c) Suggest one safety hazard when operating any electrical device in a kitchen.
...................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................. [1]
[Total: 9]

14
7 (a) Cell membranes are partially permeable. They allow small molecules to pass through by
diffusion, but not large molecules.
Underline one molecule from the list of molecules which can diffuse across a cell membrane.
cellulose fat glycogen oxygen protein

[1]
(b) Fig. 7.1 shows a bag which acts like a cell membrane. It is partially permeable.
The bag contains a mixture of glucose and starch solutions. The bag is placed in a beaker of
water.
glass rod
partially permeable bag
bag tied tightly glucose and starch solutions

with string
water
beaker
Fig. 7.1
After 30 minutes the water in the beaker is tested for starch and glucose.
The results of these tests are shown in Table 7.1.
Table 7.1
final colour of
test solution molecule tested for result
test solution
iodine solution starch negative
Benedict’s solution glucose positive
(i) Complete Table 7.1 with the final colour of the test solutions. [2]
(ii) State where the starch molecules are at the end of the experiment.
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
© UCLES 2019 0653/31/M/J/19

15
(iii) Describe what has happened to the glucose molecules during the experiment.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [2]
(iv) Use the information in Table 7.1 to compare the sizes of the glucose molecule and the
starch molecule.
sizes of molecules .............................................................................................................
explanation ........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
[2]
(c) The plasma is the component of blood which carries soluble nutrients around the body.
Name one other substance that is transported by the plasma.
............................................................................................................................................. [1]
[Total: 9]

16
8 (a) An atom of aluminium is represented by the symbol:
27
13 Al
State the number of protons and the number of neutrons in this atom.
protons .................................................
neutrons ..................................................
[2]
(b) Aluminium is extracted from aluminium oxide.
Aluminium oxide is obtained from the ore bauxite.
(i) State the method of extraction used.
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) State the type of bonding in aluminium oxide.
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(iii) Suggest one reason, other than cost, why aluminium is recycled.
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(c) Copper forms coloured compounds, but aluminium does not.
Explain this observation.
...................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................. [1]
(d) Copper is extracted from copper oxide by heating with a non-metallic element.
(i) Name this non-metallic element.
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) State whether the copper oxide is oxidised or reduced during this process.
copper oxide is ..................................................................................................................
explanation ........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 8]
© UCLES 2019 0653/31/M/J/19

17
9 Fig. 9.1 shows a laboratory water-bath used to keep experiments at a constant temperature.
heating
element
Fig. 9.1
The water is heated by an electric heating element at the bottom of the water-bath.
Fig. 9.2 shows the structure inside the tube of the heating element.
powder filling
metal tube
resistance wire
heating coil
Fig. 9.2
(a) The water-bath is filled with cold water at 10 °C. The heating element is turned on to heat the
water to 40 °C.
(i) State the electrical property that the powder surrounding the hot resistance wire should
have.
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Explain why the powder filling must be a good thermal conductor.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [1]

18
(iii) Describe how the thermal energy is transferred by the water to raise the water
temperature to 40 °C.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [2]
(b) The electrical circuit in the water-bath contains a switch, a heater and a fuse.
(i) On Fig. 9.3 complete the circuit diagram for the water-bath, including the symbols for a
switch and a fuse.
240 V
heater
Fig. 9.3
[2]
(ii) The current through the heater when switched on is 3 A. A 5 A fuse is used in the circuit.
Explain why a 3 A fuse would not be suitable for use in this circuit.
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
[Total: 7]
© UCLES 2019 0653/31/M/J/19

19
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© UCLES 2019 0653/31/M/J/19

© UCLES 2019
Group
1 2
H He
hydrogen helium
Key 1 4
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 64 65 70 73 75 79 80 84
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
20
85 88 89 91 93 96 – 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131
55 56 57–71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
0653/31/M/J/19
lanthanoids
133 137 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209 – – –
87 88 89–103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 114 116
actinoids
– – – – – – – – – – – – –
57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
139 140 141 144 – 150 152 157 159 163 165 167 169 173 175
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
– 232 231 238 – – – – – – – – – – –
* 9 6 4 0 1 3 9 4 0 0 *

Paper 4 (Extended) May/June 2019
1 hour 15 minutes

DC (LK/FC) 174115/3
2
1 Fig. 1.1 shows a bag containing sucrose solution placed in a beaker of water for 20 minutes.
The bag acts like the partially permeable membranes in cells. It allows small molecules to pass
through. It does not allow larger molecules such as sucrose to pass through.
glass rod
partially permeable bag
bag tied tightly sucrose solution

with string
water
beaker
Fig. 1.1
The mass of the bag and its contents shown in Fig. 1.1 increases from 25.6 g to 27.3 g.
(a) (i) Calculate the percentage increase in the mass of the bag and its contents.
percentage increase = ...............................................% [2]
(ii) Water molecules move into the bag.
Explain in detail why this happens.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [2]
(b) Suggest one molecule from the list which is unable to pass through the partially permeable
bag.
carbon dioxide glucose oxygen nitrogen protein
............................................................................................................................................. [1]
© UCLES 2019 0653/41/M/J/19

3
(c) Water is one of the raw materials needed for photosynthesis.
(i) Complete the balanced symbol equation for photosynthesis.

light
....... H2O + ........................... C6H12O6 + ................................ [2]
chlorophyll
(ii) State two ways in which the plant uses the glucose produced by photosynthesis.
1. .......................................................................................................................................
2. .......................................................................................................................................
[2]
[Total: 9]

4
2 When large hydrocarbon molecules are cracked, they break down into smaller hydrocarbon
molecules.
Fig. 2.1 shows the structures of five hydrocarbon molecules A to E which are produced when the
alkane, C10H22, is cracked.
H
A H C H
H
H H
B H C C H
H H
H H
C C C
H H
H H H
D C C C H
H H
H H H H H H
E H C C C C C C H
H H H H H H
Fig. 2.1
(a) State one condition used for cracking hydrocarbons.
............................................................................................................................................. [1]
(b) State all the molecules from A to E that:
(i) are saturated
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) are alkanes
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(iii) produce carbon dioxide and water on complete combustion in oxygen.
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
© UCLES 2019 0653/41/M/J/19

5
(c) Draw a dot-and-cross diagram to show the bonding in molecule C.
[2]
(d) Molecules C and D are members of the same homologous series.
Explain what is meant by the term homologous series.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................. [2]
[Total: 8]

6
3 Fig. 3.1 shows a whale swimming underwater.
R S
Fig. 3.1
(a) The force arrows labelled P and Q show the vertical forces acting on the whale.
Force Q has a value of 14 000 N. The whale is swimming at constant depth.
(i) State the value of force P.
force P = .............................................. N [1]
(ii) The gravitational field strength g is 10 N / kg.
Calculate the mass of the whale.
mass = ............................................. kg [1]
(b) The whale pushes itself forward with a force of 500 N at a constant speed of 5.4 km / h. It
travels a distance of 2.0 km.
(i) Determine the speed of the whale in m / s.
Show your working.
speed = ........................................... m / s [2]
© UCLES 2019 0653/41/M/J/19

7
(ii) Calculate the work done by the whale on this journey.
Show your working.
work done = ............................................... J [2]
(iii) Use your answers to (a)(ii) and (b)(i) to calculate the kinetic energy of the whale.
Show your working.
kinetic energy = ............................................... J [2]
(c) The whale communicates with other whales by emitting high-pitched sounds.
(i) Explain why whales in the sea can hear each other over great distances with less time
delay than if the sound travelled through air.
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Beluga whales produce sound frequencies in the range 4 kHz to 150 kHz.
Human voices produce frequencies at the lower end of the range of human hearing.
A diver claims that Beluga whales can imitate the human voice.
Use your knowledge of human hearing to suggest how well Beluga whales can imitate
the human voice. Explain your answer.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [2]
[Total: 11]

8
4 Fig. 4.1 is a diagram of a sperm cell showing its adaptive features.
Fig. 4.1
(a) Name the adaptive features A and B.
A ...............................................................................................................................................
B ...............................................................................................................................................
[2]
(b) During fertilisation, the nucleus of the sperm cell fuses with the nucleus of an egg cell inside
the female reproductive system.
(i) State where, inside the female reproductive system, fertilisation takes place.
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Explain why additional sperm cells cannot enter the egg after fertilisation.
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
© UCLES 2019 0653/41/M/J/19

9
(c) Fig. 4.2 shows a diagram of a uterus containing a fetus.
placenta
Fig. 4.2
(i) Name structures A and B shown in Fig. 4.2.
A ........................................................................................................................................
B ........................................................................................................................................
[2]
(ii) The placenta is the organ where exchange of materials between mother and child
occurs.
Underline two words or phrases from the list to show substances that have a net
movement from mother to baby through the placenta.
amino acids bone carbon dioxide cellulose glucose
glycogen white blood cells

[2]
[Total: 8]

10
5 (a) Sodium burns in oxygen to produce sodium oxide, an ionic compound.
Fig. 5.1 shows the electronic structure of a sodium atom and of an oxygen atom.
Na O
sodium atom oxygen atom
Fig. 5.1
(i) Describe the changes in the electronic structure of a sodium atom and of an oxygen
atom when sodium reacts with oxygen.
You may wish to draw diagrams to help you answer this question.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [2]
(ii) Predict the chemical formula of sodium oxide.
chemical formula ................................
explanation ........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
[2]
© UCLES 2019 0653/41/M/J/19

11
(b) Fig. 5.2 shows part of the structure of a sodium chloride crystal.
Key
sodium ion
chloride ion
Fig. 5.2
Explain how ionic bonding keeps sodium ions and chloride ions together.
...................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................. [1]
(c) Sodium chloride is made by reacting aqueous sodium hydroxide with dilute hydrochloric acid.
Construct the symbol equation for this reaction.
Include state symbols.
............................................................................................................................................. [2]
(d) Lithium, sodium, potassium and rubidium are Group I elements in the Periodic Table, shown
on page 24.
Table 5.1 shows the melting points of some of these Group I elements.
Table 5.1
Group I element melting point / °C

lithium 181
sodium 98
potassium 64
rubidium
Rubidium is a solid at 20 °C.
(i) Complete Table 5.1 by suggesting the melting point of rubidium. [1]
(ii) Explain your answer to (d)(i).
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [1]

12
(iii) Explain why these Group I metals cannot be extracted from their ores by heating the
ores with carbon.
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
[Total: 10]
© UCLES 2019 0653/41/M/J/19

13
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14
6 Fig. 6.1 shows an electrical device used in kitchens to kill insects. Insects can spread disease by
contaminating food.
fluorescent tubes fine wires in front of

the fluorescent tubes
safety grille
consisting of
closely spaced
metal rods
Fig. 6.1
The device is connected to the electricity supply.
(a) Fig. 6.1 shows several fine wires in front of the two fluorescent tubes. The insects have to fly
between the wires as they go towards the light.
A potential difference of 2000 V exists between each pair of wires.
When an insect touches two wires at once, it completes an electric circuit.
A current of 0.50 A flows through the insect for 0.10 s.
(i) Calculate the energy transferred to the insect.
Show your working.
energy = ............................................... J [2]
(ii) Calculate the total electric charge that passes through the insect.
Show your working and give the unit of your answer.
charge = ..................................... unit ...................... [3]
© UCLES 2019 0653/41/M/J/19

15
(b) The fluorescent tubes emit ultraviolet radiation that can be seen by many insects. This attracts
them to the device.
The wavelength of the ultraviolet radiation is 184 × 10–9 m.
The speed of electromagnetic radiation is 3.0 × 108 m / s.
Calculate the frequency of the ultraviolet radiation emitted.
Show your working.
frequency = ............................................. Hz [2]
(c) Suggest why a grille of metal rods is placed across the front of the device.
...................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................. [1]
[Total: 8]

16
7 (a) A balanced diet for a person contains all nutrients in the correct amounts for their needs.
Iron is needed in the diet. If a person does not take in enough iron they suffer from anaemia.
(i) State the name of the substance made in the body using iron.
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Explain why a person suffering from anaemia may feel tired.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [2]
(b) A person eats the meal shown in Fig. 7.1.
meat pie
(contains protein
and a large
proportion of fat
and carbohydrate)
a glass of water
potatoes fried in oil
(contains a large
proportion of carbohydrate
and fat)
Fig. 7.1
(i) Suggest one food that can be added to the meal to make it more balanced.
food ...................................................................................................................................
explanation ........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
[2]
© UCLES 2019 0653/41/M/J/19

17
(ii) Explain why regularly eating meals similar to the one shown in Fig. 7.1 can lead to
obesity.
Use ideas about the energy requirements of the body in your answer.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [2]
(c) If the person eats meals similar to the one shown in Fig. 7.1 over a long period they increase
their risk of developing coronary heart disease.
(i) Explain what is meant by coronary heart disease.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [2]
(ii) Suggest why regularly eating meals similar to the one shown in Fig. 7.1 increases the
person’s risk of developing coronary heart disease.
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
[Total: 10]

18
8 (a) Use the Periodic Table on page 24 to deduce the electronic structure of a calcium atom.
..................................................... [2]
(b) A student investigates the rate of reaction between excess dilute hydrochloric acid and
powdered calcium carbonate. Carbon dioxide gas is produced in this reaction.
Fig. 8.1 shows some of the apparatus the student uses.
cotton wool
conical flask
excess dilute
hydrochloric acid
powdered calcium
carbonate bubbles of carbon dioxide
digital balance
Fig. 8.1
The student measures the mass of the conical flask and its contents during the reaction.
Fig. 8.2 is a graph of the student’s results.
mass
time
Fig. 8.2
(i) Explain why the mass of the conical flask and its contents decreases.
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
© UCLES 2019 0653/41/M/J/19

19
(ii) Explain, in terms of particle collisions, the effect of a higher temperature on the rate of a
chemical reaction.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [2]
(iii) The student repeats the experiment at a higher temperature.
On Fig. 8.2, sketch a line to show the results. [2]
(c) Calcium chloride is produced during the reaction between calcium carbonate and dilute
hydrochloric acid.
Name one other substance that reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to produce calcium
chloride.
............................................................................................................................................. [1]
[Total: 8]

20
9 Fig. 9.1 shows the heating element inside an electric kettle.
electric
heating kettle
element
Fig. 9.1
(a) The kettle is filled with cold water at 10 °C. The heating element is turned on to boil the water.
State the temperature of the water inside the kettle when the water is boiling.
temperature = .............................................. °C [1]
(b) The electrical circuit in the kettle contains a switch, the heating element and a fuse.
On Fig. 9.2 complete the circuit diagram for the kettle, including the symbol for a fuse.
The symbol for thefor

The symbol heating element
the heating is:
element is:
a.c. power supplysupply

a.c. power
Fig. 9.2
[2]
© UCLES 2019 0653/41/M/J/19

21
(c) Fig. 9.3 shows the structure inside the tube of the heating element.
powder filling
metal tube
resistance wire
heating coil
Fig. 9.3
(i) Describe in terms of molecules and other particles how thermal energy is transferred
from the powder filling through the metal tube to the water in the kettle.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [2]
(ii) Table 9.1 gives the properties of four substances in the form of powders.
The higher the value of the electrical conductivity of a powder, the better an electrical
conductor it is.
The higher the value of the thermal conductivity of a powder, the better a thermal
conductor it is.
Table 9.1
electrical conductivity thermal conductivity

name of powder
/ units / units
aluminium oxide 10–14 30
carbon 104 100
magnesium oxide 10–11 45
sulfur 10–15 0.21
Use Table 9.1 to suggest the best choice of powder for the powder filling.
Give reasons for your choice.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [2]
22
(iii) The resistance wire in the heating coil is replaced by a wire of the same material and
length.
The new wire has a greater cross-sectional area than the original wire.
State how the resistance of the new wire compares to the resistance of the original wire.
resistance is ......................................................................................................................
explanation ........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 8]
© UCLES 2019 0653/41/M/J/19

23
BLANK PAGE
© UCLES 2019 0653/41/M/J/19

Group
© UCLES 2019
1 2
H He
hydrogen helium
Key 1 4
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 64 65 70 73 75 79 80 84
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
24
85 88 89 91 93 96 – 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131
55 56 57–71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
0653/41/M/J/19
lanthanoids
133 137 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209 – – –
87 88 89–103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 114 116
actinoids
– – – – – – – – – – – – –
57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
139 140 141 144 – 150 152 157 159 163 165 167 169 173 175
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
– 232 231 238 – – – – – – – – – – –
* 4 1 5 4 7 1 1 3 3 2 *

Paper 6 Alternative to Practical May/June 2019
1 hour

DC (JM/CB) 168928/5
2
1 A student investigates the nutrient content of an apple.
(a) Fig. 1.1 shows a photograph of the cut surface of an apple.
Fig. 1.1
(i) In the box, make an enlarged detailed drawing of the cut surface of the apple.
[2]
© UCLES 2019 0653/61/M/J/19
3
(ii) Use a ruler to measure your drawing, in millimetres, at its widest point and record this
value.
width of apple in drawing = ........................................................ mm
Measure the same distance on the photograph in Fig. 1.1 and record this value.
width of apple from photograph = ........................................................ mm

[1]
(iii) Calculate the magnification of your drawing.
Show your working.
magnification of drawing = ......................................................... [1]
(b) Describe how you would test this fruit to show the presence of reducing sugar. Include the
observation that shows a positive result.
test ............................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
observation for a positive result ................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................. [3]
[Total: 7]

4
2 Fig. 2.1 shows a cut stem of the water plant Elodea placed in a beaker of water. When light shines
on the Elodea it photosynthesises, and bubbles of gas are produced.
water
Elodea
Fig. 2.1
Plan an investigation to find out how the rate of photosynthesis of Elodea is affected by the
brightness of the light.
In your answer, include:
• the apparatus needed, including a labelled diagram if you wish

• a brief description of the method, including how you will treat variables and any safety
precautions
• the measurements you will make
• how you will process your results
• how you will use your results to draw a conclusion.
© UCLES 2019 0653/61/M/J/19

5
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................. [7]

6
3 A student investigates the temperature change which occurs when aqueous copper(II) sulfate
reacts separately with excess magnesium and with excess zinc.
(a) Method
1. Using a measuring cylinder the student places 25 cm3 aqueous copper(II) sulfate into a small
glass beaker.
2. She measures the temperature of the aqueous copper(II) sulfate and records it in Table 3.1
to the nearest 0.5 °C for time = 0.
3. She starts the stop-clock and immediately adds 2 g magnesium powder, an excess, to the
beaker and stirs.
4. She measures the temperature every 30 seconds for 4 minutes. She records the temperatures,
to the nearest 0.5 °C, in Table 3.1.
Table 3.1
reaction with magnesium

time / min temperature / °C
0 20.0
0.5
1.0 47.0
1.5 60.0
2.0 60.0
2.5 58.0
3.0 56.5
3.5
4.0 53.0
Fig. 3.1 shows the thermometer scales for the temperatures at 0.5 and 3.5 minutes.
°C °C
40
60
30
50
0.5 3.5
minutes minutes
Fig. 3.1
Read the temperatures to the nearest 0.5 °C and record them in Table 3.1. [2]
© UCLES 2019 0653/61/M/J/19

7
(b) (i) On the grid provided plot a graph of temperature (vertical axis) against time.
temperature
/ °C
0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5

time / min
[2]
(ii) Draw a best-fit straight line for the increasing temperatures. Extend the line further than
the highest point. Label the line magnesium.
Draw a best-fit line through the decreasing temperatures. Extend the line back past the
highest point. [1]
(iii) The maximum temperature reached by the reaction is where the two lines cross.
State the maximum temperature reached by the reaction.
maximum temperature = ..................................................... °C [1]
(c) Suggest a value for the maximum temperature reached if 5 g magnesium powder is reacted
with 25 cm3 of the same copper(II) sulfate solution.

8
(d) She then repeats the experiment using 2 g zinc powder, an excess, instead of magnesium
powder.
She records the temperatures in Table 3.2.
Table 3.2
reaction with zinc

time / mins temperature / °C
0 20.0
0.5 29.5
1.0 38.0
1.5 45.0
2.0 45.0
2.5
3.0 41.5
3.5 40.0
4.0 38.0
(i) Fig. 3.2 shows the thermometer scale for the temperature at 2.5 minutes.
°C
50
40
2.5 minutes
Fig. 3.2
Read the temperature to the nearest 0.5 °C and record it in Table 3.2. [1]
(ii) Repeat (b) for the results for zinc. Draw the graph on the same grid as that used for
magnesium.
Label this graph zinc.
State the maximum temperature reached by this reaction.
© UCLES 2019 0653/61/M/J/19

9
(e) Suggest why the maximum temperature for magnesium is different from the maximum
temperature for zinc.
...................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................. [1]
(f) (i) State the name of a piece of apparatus which could be used to measure the volume of
copper(II) sulfate more accurately.
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Suggest and explain one other improvement to the apparatus that would increase the
accuracy of the maximum temperature for the reactions.
improvement .....................................................................................................................
explanation ........................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
[Total: 13]

10
4 A student calculates the density of a liquid using two different methods.
Method 1
(a) He measures the mass mc of an empty measuring cylinder.
mc = 102.31 g
He adds approximately 75 cm3 of the liquid to the measuring cylinder.
(i) Fig. 4.1 shows part of the measuring cylinder scale.
cm3
100
90
80
70
Fig. 4.1
Read and record the volume VL of the liquid to the nearest 0.5 cm3.
VL = .................................................. cm3 [1]
(ii) State how parallax (line of sight) errors are avoided when using a measuring cylinder.
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(iii) He measures and records the total mass of the measuring cylinder and liquid.
total mass = 189.00 g
Determine the mass mL of the liquid. Use the equation shown.
mL = total mass − mc
mL = ...................................................... g [1]
© UCLES 2019 0653/61/M/J/19

11
(iv) Calculate the density ρL of the liquid. Use your answers in (a)(i) and (a)(iii) and the
equation shown.
Record your answer to a suitable number of significant figures.
mL
ρL =
VL
ρL = .............................................. g / cm3 [2]
Method 2
(b) (i) The student measures the mass mt of a test-tube. Fig. 4.2 shows the balance reading.
15.827 g
Fig. 4.2
Read and record the mass of the test-tube to the nearest 0.01 g.
mt = ...................................................... g [1]
(ii) He also measures the length lt and the diameter dt of the test-tube. His results are shown
in Fig. 4.3.
lt = 11.7 cm
dt = 1.6 cm
Fig. 4.3
Use the student’s values of lt and dt to calculate the volume Vt of the test-tube. Use the
equation shown:
Vt = 0.79 × dt2 × lt
Vt = .................................................. cm3 [1]

12
(iii) Calculate the density ρt of the test-tube. Use your answers to (b)(i) and (b)(ii) and the
equation shown:
mt
ρt =
Vt
ρt = .............................................. g / cm3 [1]
(iv) The student lowers the test-tube into a measuring cylinder containing the liquid until it
floats, as shown in Fig. 4.4.
Fig. 4.4
Use a ruler to measure the length lb of the test-tube, to the nearest 0.1 cm, that is below
the surface of the liquid.
lb = ................................................... cm [1]
© UCLES 2019 0653/61/M/J/19
13
(v) Calculate the density ρL of the liquid. Use the data in (b)(ii) and your answers to (b)(iii)
and (b)(iv) and the equation shown:
ρt × l t
ρL =
lb
ρL = .............................................. g / cm3 [1]
(c) Compare the values of ρL that you calculated in (a)(iv) and (b)(v).
State whether your two values of ρL agree, within the limits of experimental error. Explain
your answer with reference to the data.
...................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................. [1]
(d) Method 2 assumes that the test-tube is a perfect cylinder.
(i) Use Fig. 4.4 to explain why this assumption is incorrect.
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) State what effect this assumption will have on:
1. the calculated volume Vt of the test-tube
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
2. the calculated value of the density ρL of the liquid.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 13]
© UCLES 2019 0653/61/M/J/19

14
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© UCLES 2019 0653/61/M/J/19

15
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© UCLES 2019 0653/61/M/J/19

16
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© UCLES 2019 0653/61/M/J/19


Paper 1 Multiple Choice (Core) October/November 2019
45 minutes
Soft clean eraser
*5121673109*

IB19 11_0653_11/2RP
2
1 A biologist keeps a potted plant in a laboratory.
Which feature of the potted plant shows that it is a living organism?
A It grows larger over time.

B It has green leaves.
C The compost in the pot dries after he waters it.
D The stems contain xylem.
2 Which is the correct description of diffusion?
A net movement of particles from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower

concentration down a concentration gradient
B net movement of particles from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower
concentration against a concentration gradient
C net movement of particles from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher
concentration down a concentration gradient
D net movement of particles from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher
concentration against a concentration gradient
3 The diagram shows a section through a leaf.
Which row correctly identifies the labelled parts of the leaf section?
X Y Z
A cuticle vascular bundle palisade mesophyll

B palisade mesophyll vascular bundle spongy mesophyll
C palisade mesophyll cuticle spongy mesophyll
D spongy mesophyll cuticle vascular bundle
© UCLES 2019 0653/11/O/N/19

3
4 What is not absorbed from the alimentary canal into the blood?
A fibre
B glucose
C mineral salts
D vitamin C
5 Which row shows where digestion occurs?
large small
mouth stomach
intestine intestine
A
B
C
D
6 Which blood vessel carries blood from the heart to the body?
A aorta
B pulmonary artery
C pulmonary vein
D vena cava
7 The concentrations of carbon dioxide and oxygen in expired air differ from the concentrations in
inspired air.
concentration in
gas
expired air
1 carbon dioxide higher

2 carbon dioxide lower
3 oxygen higher
4 oxygen lower
Which rows correctly show the difference?

4
8 Glucose is involved in the reaction in the body shown below.
glucose + P → Q + R
What are P, Q and R?
P Q R
A carbon dioxide oxygen water

B carbon dioxide water oxygen
C oxygen water carbon dioxide
D water carbon dioxide oxygen
9 What is the effect of adrenaline on the rate of breathing and pulse rate?
rate of breathing pulse rate
10 The diagram shows the shoots of a tray of seedlings in a box. Light enters the box as shown.
box
light entering
through hole shoots
in the box
tray
Which diagram shows the phototropic response of the shoots after 48 hours?
A B
C D
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5
11 Which statement about sexual reproduction is always correct?
A It involves only one parent.

B It involves the fusion of nuclei.
C It produces genetically identical offspring.
D It takes place only in animals.
12 A student set up an experiment to investigate the conditions needed for the germination of seeds.
She set up four Petri dishes, as shown.
seeds on
filter paper
Petri dish
The table shows how the seeds were treated.
In which Petri dish would most seeds germinate?
temperature watered
A warm no
B warm yes
C cold no
D cold yes
13 Which row describes deforestation and states one of its effects?
description of deforestation effect on the atmosphere
A trees planted decrease in oxygen

B trees planted increase in oxygen
C trees cut down decrease in carbon dioxide
D trees cut down increase in carbon dioxide

6
14 Four processes are listed.
1 melting of ice
2 electrolysis of molten lead(II) bromide

3 combustion of carbon
4 rusting of iron
Which processes are chemical changes?

A 1 and 3 only B 1, 2 and 3 C 2 and 4 only D 2, 3 and 4
15 Which diagram represents a mixture of two different elements?
A B C D
16 P, Q and R are three particles.
Particle P contains 6 protons, 6 neutrons and 6 electrons.
Particle Q contains 1 proton, 2 neutrons and no electrons.
Particle R contains 11 protons, 12 neutrons and 10 electrons.
Which row about P, Q and R is correct?
P Q R
A has atomic number 6 has a mass number of 2 has a positive charge

B has no overall electrical charge has an atomic number of 1 has a mass number of 23
C is a carbon atom is a nucleus has a negative charge
D is a carbon nucleus has a positive charge is a particle of sodium
© UCLES 2019 0653/11/O/N/19

7
17 The fertiliser ammonium sulfate has the formula (NH4)2SO4.
How many atoms of each element are present in the formula?
number of number of number of number of

hydrogen atoms nitrogen atoms oxygen atoms sulfur atoms
A 4 1 1 1
B 4 2 4 1
C 8 1 4 1
D 8 2 4 1
18 Element X is a non-metal used in the treatment of the water supply.
It is made during the electrolysis of a metal salt.
What is the colour of X and at which electrode is it made?
colour electrode
A red anode
B red cathode
C yellow-green anode
D yellow-green cathode
19 A piece of magnesium ribbon is added to dilute hydrochloric acid at 20 °C.
The mixture starts to fizz and the temperature rises to 32 °C.
The fizzing then stops and the temperature slowly decreases until it reaches 20 °C. The
temperature then remains constant.
A The reaction is endothermic.

B The reaction is exothermic.
C There is an endothermic reaction followed by an exothermic reaction.
D There is an exothermic reaction followed by an endothermic reaction.

8
20 Limestone chips react with dilute hydrochloric acid.
Which change decreases the speed of the reaction?
A adding a catalyst
B decreasing the temperature
C increasing the concentration of hydrochloric acid
D using limestone powder
21 In which reaction is a metal oxide being reduced?
A copper oxide + hydrochloric acid → copper chloride + water
B iron(II) oxide + oxygen → iron(III) oxide
C lead oxide + carbon → lead + carbon dioxide
D zinc oxide + sulfuric acid → zinc sulfate + water
22 Magnesium reacts with substance Z.
A salt and hydrogen are made in this reaction.
Which type of substance is Z?
A acid
B alkali
C element
D non-metal
23 Two non-metallic elements, X and Y, are in the same group of the Periodic Table.
X is higher in the group than Y.
Which row shows the group number that includes elements X and Y and which element is lighter
in colour?
group number lighter in colour
A I X
B I Y
C VII X
D VII Y
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9
24 Which statement about alloys is correct?
A They are made from metals because metals are poor electrical conductors.
B They are mixtures of compounds that contain metals.
C They have all the same properties as the metals from which they are made.
D They have different properties to the metals from which they are made.
25 Which row describes the method of extraction and the position of the metal in the reactivity series
relative to zinc?
position of the metal

metal method of extraction
in the reactivity series
A aluminium electrolysis of bauxite above zinc

B aluminium heating metal oxide with carbon below zinc
C copper heating metal oxide with carbon above zinc
D copper electrolysis of bauxite below zinc
26 Which gas is not present in clean air?
A carbon monoxide
B neon
C nitrogen
D water vapour
27 What are the products of the complete combustion of a hydrocarbon?
A carbon and hydrogen

B carbon dioxide and hydrogen
C carbon dioxide and water
D carbon monoxide and water

10
28 Which speed–time graph represents an object moving with constant speed?
A B
speed speed
0 0
0 time 0 time
C D
speed speed
0 0
0 time 0 time
29 A body has mass and is in a gravitational field.
What property does the body possess because it is in a gravitational field?
A density
B resistance
C volume
D weight
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11
30 A solid cuboid block of metal has density ρ.
The diagram shows its dimensions.
y
x
Which expression is used to calculate the mass of the block?
ρ ρ
A B C ρxy D ρxyz
xy xyz
31 A crane is used to lift a load vertically.
Which situation requires a crane that produces greater power?
A lifting a lighter load through the same distance in the same time
B lifting the same load through a smaller distance in the same time
C lifting the same load through the same distance in a longer time
D lifting the same load through the same distance in a shorter time
32 Which device uses a non-renewable energy source?
A diesel engine
B solar cell
C water turbine
D windmill
33 How are particles of a liquid arranged?
arrangement separation
of particles of particles
A at random close
B at random far apart
C regularly close
D regularly far apart

12
34 A metal pan containing water is heated on a hot stove. Energy is transferred thermally from the
stove to the water.
How is the energy transferred through the pan and then throughout the water?
through the pan throughout the water
A conduction conduction
B conduction convection
C convection conduction
D convection convection
35 The diagram shows light striking a plane mirror.
plane mirror
50°
ray of light
normal
What is the angle of reflection of the ray when it is reflected from the mirror?
A 40° B 50° C 80° D 100°
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13
36 The diagram shows three rays of light from point Q at the top of an object. The rays pass through
a thin converging lens to form a real image.
Which labelled point is the principal focus of the lens?
object
A B C
image
37 A student measures the speed of sound. He claps his hands and the sound reflects from a wall
that is 100 m away from him.
wall
student
electronic
timer
100 m
An electronic timer next to the student detects the echo of the sound 0.60 s after it is made.
Which calculation gives the speed of sound?
A 200 m / s B 200 m / s C 100 m / s D 100 m / s

0.30 0.60 0.60 1. 2

14
38 A student wants to measure the potential difference across a resistor. The circuits show two
different positions in which a meter can be connected.
position Y
position X
What meter is used, and where is it connected in the circuit?
A an ammeter in position X
B an ammeter in position Y
C a voltmeter in position X
D a voltmeter in position Y
39 Four ammeters V, W, X and Y are connected in the circuit shown.
V W
A A
Y X
A A
Which ammeters have the same reading as each other?
A V and W only
B V and Y only
C X and Y only
D V, W, X and Y
40 An electrical appliance with a resistance of 60 Ω requires a voltage of 240 V to operate normally.
Which fuse is the most suitable to use to protect the appliance?
A 0.25 A B 1A C 5A D 13 A
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15
BLANK PAGE
© UCLES 2019 0653/11/O/N/19

Group
© UCLES 2019
1 2
H He
hydrogen helium
Key 1 4
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 64 65 70 73 75 79 80 84
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
16
85 88 89 91 93 96 – 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131
55 56 57–71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
0653/11/O/N/19
lanthanoids
133 137 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209 – – –
87 88 89–103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 114 116
actinoids
– – – – – – – – – – – – –
57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
139 140 141 144 – 150 152 157 159 163 165 167 169 173 175
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
– 232 231 238 – – – – – – – – – – –

Paper 2 Multiple Choice (Extended) October/November 2019
45 minutes
Soft clean eraser
*8584537552*

IB19 11_0653_21/2RP
2
1 A biologist keeps a potted plant in a laboratory.
Which feature of the potted plant shows that it is a living organism?
A It grows larger over time.

B It has green leaves.
C The compost in the pot dries after he waters it.
D The stems contain xylem.
2 The diagram shows a section through a leaf.
Which row correctly identifies the labelled parts of the leaf section?
X Y Z
A cuticle vascular bundle palisade mesophyll

B palisade mesophyll vascular bundle spongy mesophyll
C palisade mesophyll cuticle spongy mesophyll
D spongy mesophyll cuticle vascular bundle
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3
3 1 cm³ of substance X is added to 10 cm³ starch suspension and mixed. Food tests are carried out
immediately after mixing and again after an hour.
The results of the tests are shown in the table.
colour of solution colour of solution

test reagent
after mixing after one hour
Benedict’s solution blue orange

iodine solution blue / black brown
What is substance X?
A amylase
B protease
C lipase
D sugar
4 How are root hair cells adapted for absorption of water?
A large surface area

B thick cell wall
C many chloroplasts
D no nucleus
5 The diagram shows a double circulatory system.
lung
heart
body
In which direction does the blood flow in this type of system?
A heart → body → heart → lung
B body → heart → body → lung
C heart → body → lung → heart
D lung → heart → lung → body

4
6 The concentrations of carbon dioxide and oxygen in expired air differ from the concentrations in
inspired air.
concentration in
gas
expired air
1 carbon dioxide higher

2 carbon dioxide lower
3 oxygen higher
4 oxygen lower
Which rows correctly show the difference?
7 Which statement about aerobic respiration is correct?
A It exchanges gases through the walls of the alveoli.

B It expels carbon dioxide from the lungs.
C It only produces carbon dioxide and energy.
D It uses oxygen to release energy from glucose.
8 What is the effect of adrenaline on the rate of breathing and pulse rate?
rate of breathing pulse rate
9 Auxins are produced in the tip of a shoot.
In an experiment, auxin was applied to a plant shoot just below its tip.
Which row describes the change to the shoot and explains this change?
shoot explanation
A becomes longer cells divide

B becomes longer cells elongate
C becomes longer cells elongate and then divide
D did not change length the auxin has no effect
© UCLES 2019 0653/21/O/N/19

5
10 Which statement about sexual reproduction is always correct?
A It involves only one parent.

B It involves the fusion of nuclei.
C It produces genetically identical offspring.
D It takes place only in animals.
11 The table gives comparisons between insect-pollinated and wind-pollinated flowers.
Which row is correct?
surface of stigma surface of pollen
insect wind insect wind
A feathery sticky smooth spiky

B feathery sticky spiky smooth
C sticky feathery smooth spiky
D sticky feathery spiky smooth
12 The following are adaptive features of some gametes.
1 a flagellum
2 a jelly coat
3 a sac of enzymes at one end
4 a store of energy
Which are features of a human male gamete?
13 An increased volume of nitrate ions is washed into a lake.
Why does this result in a decrease in the number of fish in the lake?
A There is a decrease in the decomposition of producers.

B There is a decrease in the growth of producers.
C There is an increase in aerobic respiration by decomposers.
D There is an increase in dissolved oxygen.

6
14 A chromatogram of substance Q is shown.
solvent front
20 cm
18 cm
16 cm
14 cm
12 cm
10 cm
8 cm
6 cm
4 cm
2 cm
base line
0 cm
Q
What is the Rf value of Q?
A 0.2 B 0.4 C 0.8 D 1.6
15 Four processes are listed.
1 melting of ice
2 electrolysis of molten lead(II) bromide
3 combustion of carbon
4 rusting of iron
Which processes are chemical changes?

A 1 and 3 only B 1, 2 and 3 C 2 and 4 only D 2, 3 and 4
16 Which diagram represents a mixture of two different elements?
A B C D
© UCLES 2019 0653/21/O/N/19

7
17 The fertiliser ammonium sulfate has the formula (NH4)2SO4.
How many atoms of each element are present in the formula?
number of number of number of number of

hydrogen atoms nitrogen atoms oxygen atoms sulfur atoms
A 4 1 1 1
B 4 2 4 1
C 8 1 4 1
D 8 2 4 1
18 Element X is a non-metal used in the treatment of the water supply.
It is made during the electrolysis of a metal salt.
What is the colour of X and at which electrode is it made?
colour electrode
A red anode
B red cathode
C yellow-green anode
D yellow-green cathode
19 The energy level diagram for the reaction between P and Q to produce R and S is shown.
40
R+S
30
energy P+Q
20
kJ / mol
10
0
progress of reaction
A Energy is required to form new bonds.

B The activation energy is 10 kJ / mol.
C The energy required to break bonds is greater than the energy given out when bonds form.
D The reaction is exothermic because the energy of the products is greater than the energy of
the reactants.

8
20 Calcium carbonate reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid.
The time taken to collect 10 cm3 of carbon dioxide is recorded.
The experiment is repeated at a different temperature. The results are shown.
temperature time taken

experiment
/ °C /s
1 20 55
2 80 30
The rate of reaction in each experiment is different.
Which statement about the rate of reaction of experiment 1, compared with experiment 2, is
correct?
A It is greater because at the lower temperature the particles move more slowly so they have
more time to react.
B It is greater because the particles collide more frequently.
C It is lower because the particles collide at the same frequency and fewer of them have the
minimum energy to react.
D It is lower because the particles collide less frequently and fewer of them have the minimum
energy to react.
21 The equation for the reaction of carbon monoxide with copper oxide is shown.
CO + CuO → Cu + CO2
Which statement about this reaction is not correct?
A Carbon dioxide is the oxidising agent.

B Carbon monoxide is the reducing agent.
C Carbon monoxide is being oxidised.
D Copper oxide is the oxidising agent.
22 Which two substances are used to make copper sulfate?
A copper and dilute sulfuric acid

B copper and sulfur
C copper oxide and dilute sulfuric acid
D copper oxide and sulfur
© UCLES 2019 0653/21/O/N/19

9
23 Which statement about elements in the Periodic Table is not correct?
A Elements in Group I react by gaining electrons to form ions.

B Elements in Group II have two electrons in their outer shell.
C Elements in Group VIII are unreactive because they have full outer shells of electrons.
D Elements with seven outer shell electrons are non-metals.
24 Which statement about alloys is correct?
A They are made from metals because metals are poor electrical conductors.
B They are mixtures of compounds that contain metals.
C They have all the same properties as the metals from which they are made.
D They have different properties to the metals from which they are made.
25 Which gas is not present in clean air?
A carbon monoxide
B neon
C nitrogen
D water vapour
26 Which two gases cause an enhanced greenhouse effect when their concentrations in the
atmosphere increase?
A carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide

B carbon dioxide and methane
C methane and sulfur dioxide
D sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide
27 Which statement about fractions obtained from petroleum is not correct?
A Different fractions have different boiling points.

B Gasoline contains molecules of only one hydrocarbon.
C Molecules in diesel oil are smaller than molecules in bitumen.
D Naphtha is used as a feedstock for making chemicals.

10
28 The graph shows how the speed of a car changes with time. The car travels at constant speed,
then accelerates, and finally brakes to a stop.
speed
0
0 5 20 30
time / s
The car travels 60 m while it brakes to a stop.
What is the average speed of the car while it is braking?
A 3.0 m / s B 4.0 m / s C 6.0 m / s D 12 m / s
29 The gravitational field strength on Mars is less than that on Earth.
An object is taken from Earth to Mars.
Which statement describes the object when it is on Mars?
A It has greater mass than on Earth.

B It has less mass than on Earth.
C It has less weight than on Earth.
D It has the same weight as on Earth.
© UCLES 2019 0653/21/O/N/19

11
30 A student wants to determine the density of an irregularly shaped stone. He has a measuring
cylinder, water, a balance and a thermometer.
These are his measurements:
P initial volume of water in measuring cylinder

Q mass of measuring cylinder
R mass of stone
S mass of water in measuring cylinder
T reading on measuring cylinder with stone fully immersed in the water
U temperature of water
Which three measurements are needed to determine the density of the stone?
A P, R and T
B P, T and U
C Q, R and S
D Q, S and U
31 Which device uses a non-renewable energy source?
A diesel engine
B solar cell
C water turbine
D windmill
32 A metal pan containing water is heated on a hot stove. Energy is transferred thermally from the
stove to the water.
How is the energy transferred through the pan and then throughout the water?
through the pan throughout the water
A conduction conduction
B conduction convection
C convection conduction
D convection convection

12
33 On a hot, sunny day a boy finds that his head stays cooler when he wears a white hat than when
he wears an otherwise identical black hat.
Why does the white hat keep his head cooler?
A It absorbs less radiation from the Sun than the black hat.
B It conducts less heat energy than the black hat.
C It conducts more heat energy than the black hat.
D It emits more radiation from his head than the black hat.
34 Which wave is longitudinal?
A infrared
B radio
C sound
D ultraviolet
35 The diagram shows light striking a plane mirror.
plane mirror
50°
ray of light
normal
What is the angle of reflection of the ray when it is reflected from the mirror?
A 40° B 50° C 80° D 100°
© UCLES 2019 0653/21/O/N/19

13
36 A circuit contains a battery of e.m.f. E, two lamps and two voltmeters, connected as shown.
The voltmeter readings V1 and V2, and the current in three parts of the circuit I, I1 and I2 are
labelled.
e.m.f. E
reading = V1
I
V
I1
I2
V
reading = V2
Which row gives expressions for current I and e.m.f. E?
current I e.m.f. E
A I = I1 = I2 E = V1 = V2
B I = I1 = I2 E = V1 + V2
C I = I1 + I2 E = V1 = V2
D I = I1 + I2 E = V1 + V2
37 A student measures the speed of sound. He claps his hands and the sound reflects from a wall
that is 100 m away from him.
wall
student
electronic
timer
100 m
An electronic timer next to the student detects the echo of the sound 0.60 s after it is made.
Which calculation gives the speed of sound?
A 200 m / s B 200 m / s C 100 m / s D 100 m / s

0.30 0.60 0.60 1. 2

14
38 A piece of wire has a resistance of 8.0 Ω.
The length of the wire is doubled and the diameter of the wire is halved.
What is the new resistance of the wire?
A 2.0 Ω B 4.0 Ω C 8.0 Ω D 64 Ω
39 Four ammeters V, W, X and Y are connected in the circuit shown.
V W
A A
Y X
A A
Which ammeters have the same reading as each other?
A V and W only
B V and Y only
C X and Y only
D V, W, X and Y
40 A 20 V power supply provides a current of 5.0 A for 1.0 minute.
How much energy does the power supply deliver?
A 4.0 J B 100 J C 240 J D 6000 J
© UCLES 2019 0653/21/O/N/19

15
BLANK PAGE
© UCLES 2019 0653/21/O/N/19

Group
© UCLES 2019
1 2
H He
hydrogen helium
Key 1 4
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 64 65 70 73 75 79 80 84
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
16
85 88 89 91 93 96 – 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131
55 56 57–71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
0653/21/O/N/19
lanthanoids
133 137 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209 – – –
87 88 89–103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 114 116
actinoids
– – – – – – – – – – – – –
57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
139 140 141 144 – 150 152 157 159 163 165 167 169 173 175
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
– 232 231 238 – – – – – – – – – – –
* 7 1 2 9 5 3 1 1 9 2 *

Paper 3 (Core) October/November 2019
1 hour 15 minutes

DC (SC/TP) 176923/3
2
1 (a) Fig. 1.1 shows diagrams of cells as they are seen under a light microscope. They are not
drawn to scale.
cell A cell B
cell C cell D
Fig. 1.1
(i) State the letters of two plant cells shown in Fig. 1.1.
.................................................. and .................................................. [1]
(ii) Give two reasons for your answer to (i).
1. .......................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
2. .......................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
[2]
(iii) Name cell A shown in Fig. 1.1 and state its function.
cell A .................................................................................................................................
function of cell A ................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
[2]
© UCLES 2019 0653/31/O/N/19

3
(b) Fig. 1.2 shows a simplified diagram of some body cells surrounded by capillaries.
Substances in the blood can reach the body cells by moving out of the capillaries.
F
body cell
thin capillary wall
direction of blood flow
Fig. 1.2
(i) Name the part of the blood labelled F.
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Small molecules move from the blood in the capillaries to the body cells.
Underline two substances that move from the blood in the capillaries to the body cells.
fat glucose glycogen oxygen starch

[2]
(iii) Complete the sentences.
Carbon dioxide is produced in body cells by the process of
........................................................ .
Carbon dioxide is removed from the blood in the ........................................................ .

[2]
[Total: 10]

4
2 (a) Element A is in Group III in the Periodic Table.
Element B is in Group VII in the Periodic Table.
Elements A and B are in the same period in the Periodic Table.
(i) Suggest which element, A or B, has more metallic character.
element ..................
explanation ........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
(ii) Element C is below element B in Group VII.
Suggest which element, B or C, has:
a darker colour ..................
a lower boiling point. ..................

[1]
(b) Element D is a monoatomic gas that is used to provide an inert atmosphere.
Element E has a high density and is often used as a catalyst.
State the group number or the name of the collection of elements for elements D and E in the
Periodic Table.
element D .................................................................................................................................
element E .................................................................................................................................
[2]
(c) A student adds excess copper oxide powder to dilute sulfuric acid to make copper sulfate and
one other product.
(i) Complete the word equation for the reaction between copper oxide and dilute sulfuric
acid.
+ +
[2]
(ii) Explain why copper oxide is added in excess.
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
© UCLES 2019 0653/31/O/N/19

5
(iii) The type of chemical bond that forms between copper and oxygen is the same as the
type of chemical bond that forms between sodium and chlorine.
State this type of chemical bond.
Use ideas about electrons to explain how these bonds form.
bond ..................................................................................................................................
explanation ........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
[2]
[Total: 9]

6
3 Fig. 3.1 shows how a small hydroelectric power station is used to supply electricity.
dam
power lines
to house house
water
lake generator
river
pipe
turbine
Fig. 3.1
(a) The flowing water turns the turbine (a type of waterwheel), which then turns the generator.
Use words from the list to complete the sequence of energy changes that take place.
chemical elastic electrical gravitational
kinetic light sound thermal
........................................ potential energy of water in the lake
........................................ energy of flowing water in the pipe
........................................ energy of the turning turbine and generator
........................................ energy in the power lines.

[3]
(b) In a house, the electricity is used to power a television set.
The aerial for the television set receives one type of electromagnetic wave.
The television set emits a different type of electromagnetic wave.
Fig. 3.2 shows the electromagnetic spectrum.
gamma
X-rays ultraviolet visible light infrared microwaves radio waves
radiation
Fig. 3.2
(i) Name the type of electromagnetic wave received by the aerial.
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
© UCLES 2019 0653/31/O/N/19
7
(ii) Name the type of electromagnetic wave emitted by the television set.
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(c) A man in the house is listening to music on the television.
Fig. 3.3 shows the sound waves coming from three different instruments, A, B and C, playing
musical notes at the same time.
time
time
time
Fig. 3.3
(i) State which instrument was playing the note with the highest pitch.
instrument ...................................................
explanation ........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
(ii) State which instrument was playing the loudest note.
instrument ...................................................
explanation ........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
8
(iii) The man says he could hear two of the notes, but not the one with the lowest frequency.
Suggest a value for the frequency that the man could not hear. State the unit of frequency
in your answer.
frequency = ...................................... unit ...................................... [2]
(iv) Give a reason for your answer to (iii).
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
[Total: 10]
© UCLES 2019 0653/31/O/N/19

9
4 (a) Plants need water to survive.
(i) State two functions of water in plants.
1. ...............................................................................................................................................
2. ...............................................................................................................................................
[2]
(ii) Fig. 4.1 shows the pathway taken by water through a plant.
Use words from the list to complete the pathway.
cortex cuticle mesophyll
middle phloem skin xylem
soil
root hair cell
root ................................ cells
................................ in the stem
................................ cells in the leaf
Fig. 4.1
[3]

10
(b) Plants show growth responses to different stimuli.
The plant shown in Fig. 4.2 is placed on its side in the dark. It is observed over the next few
days.
plant
pot
placed on its side in the dark
Fig. 4.2
Fig. 4.3 shows the appearance of the plant after a few days in the dark.
after a few days in the dark
Fig. 4.3
Name the response shown by the plant in Fig. 4.3.
............................................................................................................................................. [1]
© UCLES 2019 0653/31/O/N/19

11
(c) One of the roots of the plant shown in Fig. 4.3 starts to grow out of a hole in the bottom of the
plant pot.
(i) On Fig. 4.4 continue the diagram of the root to show the direction of growth. [1]
plant pot
root growing through plant pot
Fig. 4.4
(ii) Explain your answer in (i).
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(d) Explain why a plant will eventually die if it is left in the dark.
...................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................. [1]
[Total: 9]

12
5 (a) Some of the apparatus a student uses to investigate the rate of reaction between a piece of
zinc and dilute hydrochloric acid is shown in Fig. 5.1.
thermometer
beaker
dilute hydrochloric acid
piece of zinc
Fig. 5.1
(i) Identify the gas formed in the reaction between zinc and dilute hydrochloric acid.
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Suggest the change in the pH of the mixture in the beaker during this reaction.
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(iii) Describe the effect of increasing the temperature on the rate of this reaction.
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(iv) The experiment is repeated using the same mass of zinc powder instead of the piece of
zinc.
Describe how this change affects the rate of the reaction.
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(b) Zinc oxide is heated with carbon.
Reduction occurs during the reaction.
The reaction is endothermic.
(i) State what is meant by reduction.
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) State what is meant by endothermic.
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
© UCLES 2019 0653/31/O/N/19

13
(c) Complete Fig. 5.2 by drawing one straight line from each gas to the test for that gas.
gas test
use damp red

ammonia
litmus paper
carbon dioxide use a glowing splint
oxygen use limewater
Fig. 5.2
[2]
[Total: 8]

14
6 Table 6.1 gives some data about the planets Earth, Mars and Venus.
Table 6.1
Earth Mars Venus

surface
15 °C – 63 °C 462 °C
temperature
average distance
150 × 106 km 225 × 106 km 108 × 106 km
from the Sun
time for one orbit
365 days 687 days 225 days
around the Sun
(a) (i) Use Table 6.1 to deduce which of these planets could have liquid water on the surface.
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Use data from Table 6.1 to explain your answer to (i).
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [2]
(b) (i) State the method of thermal energy transfer from the Sun to these planets.
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Explain why other methods of energy transfer cannot transfer thermal energy from the
Sun to these planets.
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(c) The Earth travels a distance of 940 million kilometres in one orbit around the Sun.
Use data from Table 6.1 to calculate the speed in kilometres / hour (km / h) at which the Earth
travels around the Sun.
Show your working.
speed = ............................................... km / h [3]
© UCLES 2019 0653/31/O/N/19

15
(d) At the Earth’s surface the Sun’s energy is not usually sufficient to start a fire.
If the Sun’s rays are focused by a lens, they can cause a fire.
On Fig. 6.1, complete the ray diagram to show how a lens can focus the Sun’s rays and set
fire to some dry grass.
You should draw two complete rays.
rays from
the Sun
lens
dry grass
Fig. 6.1
[2]
[Total: 10]

16
7 (a) Fig. 7.1 shows information about the organisms in a food chain.
grass – producer owl – tertiary consumer
cricket – primary consumer frog – secondary consumer
Fig. 7.1
(i) Write down the food chain using the information in Fig. 7.1.
..................................................................................................................................... [2]
(ii) Define the term producer.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [2]
(b) Explain why chemical digestion is needed in the alimentary canals of consumers.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................. [2]
(c) (i) State why deforestation can disrupt the food chains in a forest.
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) State one other harmful effect of deforestation.
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
[Total: 8]
© UCLES 2019 0653/31/O/N/19

17
8 (a) The hydrocarbons in petroleum are separated into useful products using the process shown
in Fig. 8.1.
refinery gas
gasoline
naphtha
gas oil
petroleum
bitumen
Fig. 8.1
(i) Name this process.
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) State what is meant by hydrocarbon.
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [2]
(iii) State one use for naphtha.
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(b) When hydrocarbons burn, they may produce carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and water.
(i) Describe one test to show the presence of water.
State the positive result.
test ....................................................................................................................................
result .................................................................................................................................
[2]
(ii) Describe one adverse effect of carbon monoxide on humans.
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [1]

18
(iii) Suggest the percentage of carbon dioxide in clean air.
percentage = ..................................................... % [1]
(iv) Using your knowledge of the amounts of other gases in clean air, explain your answer
to (iii).
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
[Total: 9]
© UCLES 2019 0653/31/O/N/19

19
9 (a) Fig. 9.1 shows a circuit diagram.
heater
Fig. 9.1
On Fig. 9.1, add a suitable meter to measure the e.m.f. of the battery. [2]
(b) The current in a heater circuit is 10.0 A.
Select from the list below the correct rating for a fuse to use in this circuit.
Put a circle around your choice.
3A 5A 10 A 13 A [1]

20
(c) Fig. 9.2 shows a heater fixed to a wall in a room.
wall
heater
floor
Fig. 9.2
On Fig. 9.2 draw arrows to show the direction in which air flows from the heater as the air is
heated. [1]
© UCLES 2019 0653/31/O/N/19

21
(d) On Fig. 9.3, complete the circuit by adding:
• a lamp in parallel with the motor
• a variable resistor to change the current through the motor, but not through the
lamp.
a.c. supply
motor
Fig. 9.3
[3]
[Total: 7]
© UCLES 2019 0653/31/O/N/19

22
BLANK PAGE
© UCLES 2019 0653/31/O/N/19

23
BLANK PAGE
© UCLES 2019 0653/31/O/N/19

Group
© UCLES 2019
1 2
H He
hydrogen helium
Key 1 4
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 64 65 70 73 75 79 80 84
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
24
85 88 89 91 93 96 – 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131
55 56 57–71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
0653/31/O/N/19
lanthanoids
133 137 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209 – – –
87 88 89–103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 114 116
actinoids
– – – – – – – – – – – – –
57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
139 140 141 144 – 150 152 157 159 163 165 167 169 173 175
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
– 232 231 238 – – – – – – – – – – –
* 7 4 4 5 8 4 4 6 0 4 *

Paper 4 (Extended) October/November 2019
1 hour 15 minutes

DC (LK/CB) 176926/3
2
1 Fig. 1.1 shows some cells. The diagrams are not to scale.
flagellum
sperm cell
palisade mesophyll cell
root hair
red blood cell
root hair cell
Fig. 1.1
(a) On Fig. 1.1 use label lines to name two structures in the palisade mesophyll cell which are
absent from the red blood cell. [2]
(b) Describe the function of the root hair shown in Fig. 1.1.
...................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................. [1]
(c) (i) The flagellum is one of the adaptive features of a sperm cell.
Suggest the function of the flagellum.
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) State one other adaptive feature of a sperm cell.
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
© UCLES 2019 0653/41/O/N/19

3
(d) Fig. 1.2 is a diagram of some body cells surrounded by capillaries.
Substances in the blood can reach the body cells by moving out of the capillaries.
body cell
capillary
red blood cell
direction of blood flow
Fig. 1.2
(i) Circle one substance in the list that leaves the capillaries to enter the body cells.
amylase carbon dioxide glucose glycogen starch

[1]
(ii) Use words or phrases from the list to complete the following sentences about oxygen in
the blood.
Each word or phrase may be used once, more than once or not at all.
diffusion dissolving fat haemoglobin osmosis
platelets red blood cells white blood cells
Oxygen is carried in the blood by the ..................................................... molecules
which are contained in the ..................................................... .
Oxygen moves out of the capillary by the process of ..................................................... .

[3]
(iii) Describe how the structure of capillaries enables some substances to pass through their
walls.
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
[Total: 10]

4
BLANK PAGE
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5
2 Hydrocarbons are composed of the two elements carbon and hydrogen.
(a) State the type of chemical bond that forms between these two elements.
type of chemical bond ...............................................................................................................
explanation ...............................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
[2]
(b) Cracking is a process used to make smaller alkene molecules from larger alkane molecules.
(i) State two reaction conditions needed for cracking hydrocarbons.
1. .......................................................................................................................................
2. .......................................................................................................................................
[2]
(ii) During cracking, one molecule of decane, C10H22, breaks down to form one molecule of
ethane, C2H6, and four molecules of another hydrocarbon.
Complete the balanced symbol equation for the cracking of decane.
C10H22 C2H6 + 4 .................. [1]
(c) During the complete combustion of hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide and water are produced.
(i) Draw a dot-and-cross diagram to show all of the outer shell electrons in the atoms in one
molecule of carbon dioxide.
[2]
(ii) State one effect of an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
[Total: 8]
6
3 Fig. 3.1 shows how a small hydroelectric power station is used to supply electricity.
dam
lake
surface power lines
to house house
water
generator
penstock
(pipe from
dam to turbine) turbine
Fig. 3.1
(a) The flowing water turns the turbine which then turns the generator.
Identify, using the names on Fig. 3.1:
(i) one place where the gravitational potential energy of the water is at a maximum
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) two places where kinetic energy is part of the sequence of energy transfers.
............................................................. and ................................................................ [1]
(b) Hydroelectric power is an example of a renewable source of energy.
State one advantage and one disadvantage of hydroelectric power in terms of its
environmental impact.
advantage .................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
disadvantage ............................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
[2]
(c) In a house, electricity is used to power a television set.
An aerial for the television set receives signals in the radio wave region of the electromagnetic
spectrum with a frequency of 600 × 106 Hz (600 MHz).
(i) State the speed at which these signals travel.
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
© UCLES 2019 0653/41/O/N/19

7
(ii) Use your answer to (i) to calculate the wavelength of the signal.
Show your working.
wavelength = ..................................................... m [2]
(iii) Fig. 3.2 shows the electromagnetic spectrum.
gamma
X-rays ultraviolet visible light infrared microwaves radio waves
radiation
Fig. 3.2
State the part of the electromagnetic spectrum used in television transmissions from
satellites.
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(d) The television set emits sound waves.
Describe how sound waves are transmitted in air.
You may wish to draw a diagram as part of your answer.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
[2]
[Total: 10]

8
4 (a) Plants make glucose by the process of photosynthesis.
Complete the balanced symbol equation for photosynthesis.

light
(i) .......CO2 + 6................ C6H12O6 + .......................... [2]
chlorophyll
(ii) State two uses of the glucose made by photosynthesis.
1. .......................................................................................................................................
2. .......................................................................................................................................
[2]
(b) Fig. 4.1 shows a diagram of the cross-section of a leaf. The letters refer to the layers of cells
in the leaf.
Fig. 4.1
(i) State the letter of the layer of the leaf where the greatest amount of photosynthesis
takes place.
............................................................ [1]
(ii) Explain your answer to (i).
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [2]
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9
(c) During transpiration water vapour is lost from leaves through the stomata.
When the air surrounding the leaves becomes more humid, the rate of transpiration
decreases.
Explain why the rate of transpiration decreases.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................. [2]
[Total: 9]

10
5 (a) Aluminium is a Group III metal. It is not a transition metal.
Copper is a transition metal. It forms coloured compounds.
State one other property of copper that is not a property of aluminium.
............................................................................................................................................. [1]
(b) Fig. 5.1 shows the apparatus used to extract copper from aqueous copper(II) chloride by
electrolysis.
low voltage
d.c. supply
– + electrodes
aqueous
copper(II) chloride
Fig. 5.1
(i) During this process copper forms at the negative electrode.
State the name of the negative electrode.
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Explain how copper(II) ions change into copper atoms.
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [2]
(c) Copper is also extracted by heating copper oxide with carbon.
carbon + copper oxide copper + carbon dioxide
(i) Name the reducing agent in this redox reaction.
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
© UCLES 2019 0653/41/O/N/19

11
(ii) Explain why aluminium cannot be extracted from aluminium oxide by heating with
carbon.
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(d) At a water treatment works, a scientist thinks that the water is contaminated with a soluble
copper compound containing copper(II) ions.
Describe a test that is used to detect the presence of aqueous copper(II) ions.
Give the positive result for this test.
test ............................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
result .........................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
[2]
[Total: 8]

12
6 Table 6.1 gives some data about the planets Earth, Mars, Mercury and Venus.
Table 6.1
Earth Mars Mercury Venus

mass 5.97 × 1024 kg 6.42 × 1023 kg 3.29 × 1023 kg 4.87 × 1024 kg
volume 1.08 × 1021 m3 1.63 × 1020 m3 6.08 × 1019 m3 9.28 × 1020 m3
gravitational
9.81 N / kg 3.71 N / kg 3.70 N / kg 8.87 N / kg
field strength g
mean temperature
15 °C –63 °C 167 °C 462 °C
at surface
pressure of
101 000 N / m2 600 N / m2 0 9 300 000 N / m2
atmosphere
percentage of
Sun’s radiation 31% 25% 7% 69%
reflected
(a) Use data from Table 6.1 to state which planet has the greatest volume.
............................................................................................................................................. [1]
(b) Use data from Table 6.1 to calculate the density of Mercury.
Show your working and give the units of your answer.
density = ............................... units ................ [3]
(c) A mass of 5 kg is placed on each planet, 10 m above the planet’s surface.
State on which planet this mass has the greatest gravitational potential energy.
Give a reason for your answer.
planet ........................................................................................................................................
reason .......................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
[2]
© UCLES 2019 0653/41/O/N/19

13
(d) The surface of a planet reflects a percentage of the Sun’s radiation back into space. The rest
of the radiation is absorbed by the planet.
Suggest one reason why the percentage of the Sun’s radiation reflected by the surface of
Mercury is so low.
............................................................................................................................................. [1]
(e) A space probe of mass 50 kg descends through the atmosphere on Venus. The probe is
slowed down by the atmosphere much more than it would be by the resistance of the Earth’s
atmosphere.
Use data from Table 6.1 to explain this in terms of difference in the arrangement of the
molecules in the atmosphere.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................. [2]
[Total: 9]

14
7 Fig. 7.1 shows the flow of energy through a forest ecosystem.
energy from the Sun

X
producers
respiration decomposers
primary consumers
secondary consumers
tertiary consumers
Fig. 7.1
(a) (i) Define the term ecosystem.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [2]
(ii) Complete the sentence about the energy transfer at X.
At X ........................................................ energy is transferred to
........................................................ energy. [2]
(b) The shaded boxes in Fig. 7.1 show the trophic levels in the ecosystem.
Energy is lost from the organisms at each trophic level.
State two ways in which energy is lost from the organisms at each trophic level.
1. ...............................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
2. ...............................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
[2]
© UCLES 2019 0653/41/O/N/19

15
(c) The trees are the main producers in the forest. They are cut down and taken away from the
ecosystem.
Suggest what happens to the primary consumers in the forest.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................. [2]
[Total: 8]

16
8 Table 8.1 shows data about Group I metals.
The data for rubidium is missing.
Table 8.1
element melting point / °C rate of reaction with water

lithium 181 slow
sodium 98 moderate
potassium 64 fast
rubidium
caesium 29 very violent
(a) (i) Suggest the melting point of rubidium.
....................................................... °C [1]
(ii) Predict the rate of reaction of rubidium with water.
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(b) Rubidium reacts with water to form rubidium hydroxide solution and hydrogen.
(i) Suggest the formula of rubidium hydroxide.
.................................................................. [1]
(ii) Suggest the pH of rubidium hydroxide solution.
pH .................................................
explanation ........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
[2]
© UCLES 2019 0653/41/O/N/19

17
(c) Rubidium hydroxide has a higher melting point than water.
Explain the difference in the melting point of rubidium hydroxide and of water.
In your answer refer to the type of bonds and the attractive forces.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................. [3]
(d) The reaction between rubidium and water is exothermic.
Describe what happens during an exothermic reaction. Use ideas about chemical energy and
thermal energy in your answer.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................. [2]
[Total: 10]

18
9 (a) Fig. 9.1 shows a circuit containing three resistors, R1, R2 and R3.
R1
R3 A
R2
Fig. 9.1
(i) R1 has a value of 8.0 Ω.
R2 has a value of 3.0 Ω.
R3 has a value of 6.0 Ω.
Complete steps 1 and 2 to calculate the value of the combined resistance of the three
resistors in this circuit.
Show your working.
Step 1: Calculate the combined resistance of R2 and R3.
combined resistance of R2 and R3 = ...................................................... Ω
Step 2: Calculate the total resistance of the three resistors.
total resistance = ...................................................... Ω

[3]
© UCLES 2019 0653/41/O/N/19

19
(ii) The reading on the ammeter is 2.7 A.
The current in R2 is 1.8 A
Determine the current in R3.
Show your working.
current = ....................................... A [1]
(iii) Explain your answer to (a)(ii).
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(iv) With the switch closed and the current flowing in the circuit, the reading on the voltmeter
is 27 V.
The switch is opened, so no current flows in the circuit. The reading on the voltmeter
increases to 30 V.
Suggest an explanation for this observation.
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(b) A circuit with a total resistance of 5.0 Ω has a current of 9.0 A.
Calculate the power consumed in the circuit.
Show your working.
power = ..................................................... W [2]
[Total: 8]
© UCLES 2019 0653/41/O/N/19

Group
© UCLES 2019
1 2
H He
hydrogen helium
Key 1 4
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 64 65 70 73 75 79 80 84
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
20
85 88 89 91 93 96 – 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131
55 56 57–71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
0653/41/O/N/19
lanthanoids
133 137 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209 – – –
87 88 89–103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 114 116
actinoids
– – – – – – – – – – – – –
57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
139 140 141 144 – 150 152 157 159 163 165 167 169 173 175
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
– 232 231 238 – – – – – – – – – – –
* 0 0 8 9 2 3 4 3 8 4 *

Paper 6 Alternative to Practical October/November 2019
1 hour

DC (SC/TP) 175270/2
2
1 (a) A student investigates the effect of the concentration of a salt solution on the activity of the
enzyme pepsin.
Pepsin breaks down the proteins in milk to produce a clear liquid.
• The student prepares a water-bath at 40 °C.

• She adds 2 cm3 of milk to each of four test-tubes, A, B, C and D.
• She then adds the volumes of water and salt solution shown in Table 1.1 to the four
test-tubes.
Table 1.1
volume of 15% final percentage time taken for milk

volume of water
test-tube salt solution concentration of to become clear
/ cm3
/ cm3 salt solution /s
A 2 0 15
B 1 1
C 0 2 0
D 0 2 0
(i) Calculate the final percentage concentration of salt solution in test-tube B.
Record your answer in Table 1.1.
[1]
(ii) • The student places the four test-tubes into the water-bath.
• She puts 1 cm3 pepsin solution into each of test-tubes A, B and C and mixes well.
• She puts 1 cm3 water into test-tube D and mixes well.
• She starts the stop-clock.
• She records the time taken for the milk in each test-tube to become clear.
• If the milk has not become clear after 5 minutes she records the time as >300.
Fig. 1.1 shows the student’s results.
s
e A: 3 5 second
test-tub
B: 20 s
utes
C: 2 min
s
r 5 minute
nge afte
D: no cha
Fig. 1.1
Complete Table 1.1 using the student’s results shown in Fig. 1.1. [3]
© UCLES 2019 0653/61/O/N/19

3
(iii) Use the results in Table 1.1 to place test-tubes A, B, C and D in order of speed of milk
clearing.
fastest to clear ........................................................
........................................................
........................................................
slowest to clear ........................................................

[2]
(iv) Suggest the purpose of test-tube D.
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(v) Explain why the test-tubes were placed in a water-bath.
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(b) The method in (a) can be extended to find a more accurate value of the percentage
concentration of salt solution needed for the pepsin to work the fastest.
Suggest additional values to those in Table 1.1 of the percentage concentration of salt solution
that should be used.
...................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................. [2]
(c) State how you could test the milk to find out if it contains protein.
Include the result for a positive test and a negative test.
test ............................................................................................................................................
positive test result .....................................................................................................................
negative test result ...................................................................................................................

[3]
[Total: 13]

4
2 A student has samples of two different colourless aqueous solutions, E and F.
(a) (i) She adds one drop of each solution onto universal indicator paper.
E turns the paper red, pH 1 and F turns the paper dark blue, pH 12.
Suggest what type of substance is in each of E and F.
type of substance in E .......................................................................................................
type of substance in F .......................................................................................................

[1]
(ii) She places some of solution E in a test-tube and adds a piece of magnesium ribbon.
She bubbles the gas released into limewater. The limewater does not go milky.
Draw the apparatus she should use for this test.
[1]
(iii) She adds magnesium to another sample of solution E. This time she tests the gas given
off with a lighted splint and it pops.
State the identity of the gas.
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(iv) She places some of solution E into each of two test-tubes and adds a little dilute nitric
acid to each test-tube.
She adds aqueous barium nitrate to the first test-tube and a white precipitate forms.
She adds aqueous silver nitrate to the second test-tube and a colourless solution is
seen.
Identify the anion contained in E.
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(v) Suggest the identity of solution E.
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
© UCLES 2019 0653/61/O/N/19
5
(b) She places some of solution F into a test-tube and slowly adds aqueous iron(II) sulfate. A
green precipitate forms.
State one of the possible identities of solution F.
............................................................................................................................................. [1]
(c) Suggest one other test which would confirm the identity of solution F given in (b). Give the
result of this test.
test ............................................................................................................................................
test result ..................................................................................................................................

[1]
[Total: 7]

6
3 Sea water contains a number of dissolved salts such as sodium chloride. The water may also
contain small insoluble particles suspended in the water.
Plan an experiment to compare the amount of dissolved salts in samples of water from the Dead
Sea and from the Baltic Sea.
You may use any common laboratory apparatus and samples of water from the Dead Sea and
from the Baltic Sea.
Include in your answer:
• the apparatus needed, including a labelled diagram if you wish

• a brief description of the method, including any safety precautions and why these are
needed
• the measurements you will make
• what you will control
• how you will process your results
• how you will use your results to draw a conclusion.
..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
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4 A student investigates the cooling of water in a drinks cup.
(a) She adds 150 cm3 of hot water to a cup.

She puts a lid on the cup and lowers the thermometer into a hole in the lid, so that the bulb is
in the hot water, as shown in Fig. 4.1.
clamp
thermometer
lid
cup
hot water
Fig. 4.1
She waits for the reading on the thermometer to stop rising and then starts the stop-clock.

10
(i) Fig. 4.2 shows the maximum temperature reading on the thermometer at time t = 0.
°C
80
70
Fig. 4.2
Read and record this temperature in Table 4.1. [1]
Table 4.1
temperature of water / ...........

time t / min
cup with lid cup without lid
0 78.0
1 76.0 75.0
2 74.5 72.5
3 73.0 70.0
4 72.0 67.5
5 71.0
(ii) She measures the temperature of the water every minute for five minutes and records
the results in Table 4.1.
Complete the heading in Table 4.1. [1]
(iii) She empties out the hot water and repeats the experiment using the same cup without
a lid.
Fig. 4.3 shows the thermometer reading after 5 minutes for the cup without a lid.
°C
70
60
Fig. 4.3
Read and record this temperature in Table 4.1. [1]
© UCLES 2019 0653/61/O/N/19

11
(iv) Suggest one practical precaution that she should take to ensure that her temperature
readings are as accurate as possible.
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(b) (i) Use the results in Table 4.1 to plot a graph of temperature of water (vertical axis) against
time t for each experiment. The vertical axis does not need to start at 0.
[3]
(ii) Draw separate lines of best fit for each experiment. Label each line. [2]

12
(c) (i) Describe one similarity and one difference in the way that the temperature of the water
changes with time in the two experiments.
similarity ............................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
difference ...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
[2]
(ii) Predict the temperature of the water in the cup with a lid after 3.5 minutes.
Show on your graph how you arrived at your answer.
temperature = ......................................................... [2]
[Total: 13]
© UCLES 2019 0653/61/O/N/19

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Science Department

COMBINED SCIENCE 0653/11

Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended)

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write in soft pencil.

Read the instructions on the Answer Sheet very carefully.

This document consists of 16 printed pages.

Which characteristic of living organisms is similar to this?

2 The diagram shows a plant cell with some structures labelled.

Which two structures are also present in animal cells?

A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 4 D 3 and 5

What type of molecule is an enzyme?

4 Which two chemical substances are required for photosynthesis?

A carbon dioxide and glucose

© UCLES 2018 0653/11/M/J/18

5 The diagram shows a section through a human tooth.

Which part is made of the hardest material?

6 The diagram shows a plant in a controlled environment.

© UCLES 2018 0653/11/M/J/18 [Turn over

7 The diagram shows a section through the human heart.

What happens to the valves as blood is being pumped to the lungs?

valve 1 valve 2 valve 3 valve 4

A closed closed open closed

8 A student set up the experiment shown in the diagram.

Which statement is correct?

A If the limewater stays colourless, aerobic respiration is occurring.

© UCLES 2018 0653/11/M/J/18

9 What are the growth responses of a plant to gravity?

root grows stem grows

A away from gravity away from gravity

In which tube will the seeds germinate first?

carbon oxygen carbon oxygen

seeds seeds seeds seeds

dry cotton dry cotton wet cotton wet cotton

Which numbered parts produce gametes?

A 1 and 3 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 2 and 4

© UCLES 2018 0653/11/M/J/18 [Turn over

12 The diagram shows a food chain.

maize → mouse → owl

Which terms describe the organisms in this food chain?

maize mouse owl

A consumer carnivore producer

13 What is not an effect of deforestation?

14 The diagrams represent different substances.

Which row describes the substances?

only separate mixture of atoms

© UCLES 2018 0653/11/M/J/18

salt from salt water petrol from petroleum

16 Some changes are listed.

Which changes are physical changes?

A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 4 D 3 and 4

Lithium fluoride is an ionic substance.

lithium atom fluorine atom

A gains an electron gains an electron

© UCLES 2018 0653/11/M/J/18 [Turn over

18 The diagram represents molecules of phosphine.

What is the formula of a molecule of phosphine?

A HP B HP3 C PH3 D P4H12

19 The diagram shows apparatus for electrolysis.

Only one label is correct.

Which label on the diagram is correct?

© UCLES 2018 0653/11/M/J/18

20 Which change must take place in an endothermic reaction?

A Bubbles of gas are released.