Jabay, Jessa M.

BSA III-13
Inductive and Deductive system of logic

Inductive logic is evidence-based logic that can

demonstrate that a conclusion is most likely correct. The
conclusion is reached with considerable probability rather than
certainty. Inductive reasoning is a type of reasoning that
involves combining a number of observations to arrive at a
general premise.

Here's an illustration: The majority of our snowstorms originate

in the north. It is beginning to snow. This snowstorm must be
approaching from the north.

Inductive reasoning allows for the conclusion to be wrong even

if all of the premises are true. Here's another illustration:
"Harry is a grandfather," says the narrator. Harry is a
successful businessman. As a result, all grandfathers are
businessmen.

The conclusion deviates from the statements in a logical way "We

travel from the specific to the general via inductive inference.
We make a lot of observations, notice a trend, generalize, and
come up with an explanation or theory" (Wassertheil-Smoller).

On the other hand, deductive logic is a fundamental form of

valid reasoning. According to California State University,
deductive reasoning, or deduction, begins with a broad
statement, or hypothesis, and investigates the options to arrive
at a specific, logical conclusion. Deductive logic (also known
as deductive reasoning or deduction) is a well-organized and
precise system that aims to provide concrete evidence for a
conclusion.

The premises of a valid deductive argument logically entail the

conclusion in deductive logic, where logical entailment means
that every logically feasible condition of circumstances that
makes the premises true must also make the conclusion true. The
conclusion is a foregone conclusion based on the premises.

Example of deductive logic; "All men have mustache. Jerry is a

man. Therefore, Jerry have mustache." The hypothesis must be
correct for deductive reasoning to work. The premises "All men
Jabay, Jessa M.
BSA III-13
have mustaches" and "Jerry is a man" are considered to be true.
As a result, the conclusion is both logical and correct. If
something is true of a class of things in general, it is also
true of all members of that class, according to logical
reasoning.

Only knowledge that is assumed to be correct is used in

deductive reasoning. Because it's impossible to evaluate the
accuracy of this information, it excludes emotions, feelings,
and assumptions made without evidence.

For example:

In my state, all lawyers must pass the bar exam before they can
practice. If I don't pass the bar, I won't be able to legally
represent anyone.

Finally, with Inductive reasoning, the conclusion follows with

some probability rather than certainty. In Deductive reasoning,
however, the conclusion is certain to flow from the premises.