Stress & Temperatures

Metals under stress are susceptible to

corrosion. High differential pressure
tensile stress and torque are common
Spent Acid
causes of stress on casing and tubing. Acids used for stimulation treatments
HCL dissolve metal.
Saline Fluids
Saline fluids act as an electrolyte
promoting electrochemical reactions. HCL
Formation and completion fluids are Poor Cement
often saline. Cement acts as a primary protective
sheath for casing. The absence of
Corrosive Annulus Fluid cement or permeable cement allows
Completion fluids, particularly heavy corrosive fluids to contact the casing.
brines can be highly corrosive. These
are in contact with casing and tubing.

Bimetallism & Odd Joints

Small differences between metals
promote galvanic corrosion. The
intensity of the reaction depends
(among other things) on the H2S
conductivity of the surrounding liquid
and the difference between metals. CO2
H2S Corrosive Gases
Metals from the same plant can show Combinations of H2S and/or CO2 with
small differences. Also, collars can be CO2 water are aggressive corrosive agents.
slightly different from the joints. This H2O + Solids flowing with produced fluids can
corrosion mechanism is used in dry-cell H2O also cause serious damage by erosion.
batteries.

Stagnant Fluids
This fluid many contain spent acid and
saline workover fluid. Corrosion also
appears at the interface between
different fluids. Mahmoud Farag Radwan