Outline:

1. Definition & Major Concept

2. Human care as essence of nursing
3. Culture & Nursing
4. Cultural diversity, universality, & related concepts
5. Culture care
6. Transcultural nursing care principal

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Definition of transcultural
nursing

Formal area of study & practice

focused on comparative human-
caring differences & similarities
of the beliefs, values, & patterned
lifeways of cultures to provide
culturally congruent, meaningful,
& beneficial health care to people

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Human Care (Caring)
Essence of caring
• Love Components of caring & culture
• Empathy • Love
• Authenticity • Compassion
• Compassion • Empathy
• Attendance • Justice
• Communication • Dynamics of culture
• Nursing situations/organizational
cultures

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 Culture & Nursing
• Culture as systems of beliefs, values, &
norms of behavior in all societies
• Culture provides the underlying values &
beliefs on which people’s behavior is based
• Smallest elements of everyday living are
influenced by culture
• Biomedical view
• Magicoreligious view
• Holistic view
• Folk medicine & home remidies
• Herbalism

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 Role of Nurse:
The nurse must be
Promotor
Assesor
prepared: 1) increase
cultural awareness &
sensitivity from cultural
different, 2) keep an open
mind and be curious
about various practices
Assessment reveals Health promotion/health
Educator
information about day-to- education: culturally
day living, inappropriate/inadequate
cultural/spiritual
influences, cultural health
care choices and
practices, and taboos
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 Cultural Diversity, Universality, & Related Concepts

Cultural diversity refers to the variations &

differences among & between cultural groups
resulting from differences in lifeways, language,
values, norms, & other cultural aspects

Cultural diversity also helps nurses to

value differences & provide culture-
specific care practices

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 Cultural Diversity, Universality, & Related Concepts

Cultural universals refer to the commonalities among human

beings or humanity that reveal the similarities or dominant
features of humans.

Racism defined as a biological factor of a discrete group whose

members share distinctive genetic, biological, & other factors.
(Discrimination)

Cultural backlash refers to negative feedback or unfavorable

outcomes after nurses have been working/consulting with
cultures for brief periods (often overseas)

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Culture Care
Culture care has been defined as the cognitively learned & transmitted professional & indigenous folk values, beliefs, &
patterned lifeways that are used to assist, facilitate, or enable another individual or group to maintain their well-being or
health or to improve a human condition or lifeway

Focused on discovering & learning about the meanings, patterns, &

uses of care within cultures

Culture & care are tightly linked together & interdependent

The nursing goal is to provide culturally congruent nursing care,

which is defined as those assistive, supportive, facilitative or
enabling acts or decisions that include culture care values, beliefs,
& lifeways to provide meaningful, beneficial, & satisfying care for
the health & well –being of people, or for those facing death or
disabilities.

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 Culture care
conflict
Culture care
clashes

Cultural exports

Culture care
Cultural imports

Cultural time

Cultural space

Body touching

Cultural care 11
theraphy
Cultural care conflict
Signs of distress, concern, & nonhelpful nursing care practices that fail
to meet a client;s cultural expectations, beliefs, values, & lifeways

Cultural Cultural Cultural

care care conflict clashes

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Culture Exports
• Refers to the sending of ideas, techniques,
material goods, or symbolic referents to another
culture with the intention used to improve
lifeways or to advance practices
Culture Imports
• Refers to taking in or receiving ideas, techniques,
material goods, or other items with the position
they can be useful or helpful in this culture
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Culture Time
•Dominant orientation of an individual or
group to different past, present, & the future
periods that guides one’s thinking & actions

Culture Space
•The variation of cultures in the use of body,
visual, territorial, & interpersonal distance to
others 14
Body touching
• Human caring is largely culturally defined & valued
as important modes of communication & human
expression & for healing & well-being
Culture care therapy
• Qualified, transcultural nurses who offer assistive,
supportive, & facilitative healing reflections &
practices to individuals who have experienced
cultural pain, hurts, insults, offenses, & other
related concerns 15
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 Transcultural Nursing Care Principles:

Human caring with a transcultural care focus Culturally based care & health beliefs & health
is essential for the health, healing, & well- practices
being of individuals, families, groups

Comparative cultural care experiences,

Every culture has specific beliefs, meanings, values, & patterns of cultural
values, & patterns of caring & healing care  fundamental guide nursing
decision

Generic & professional care knowledge

Transcultural nursing provide & practices often have different
meaningful, congruent, safe, & knowledge & experience need to be
beneficial health care practices assessed & understood begore using
information in client care

Holistic & comprehensive knowledge

understanding emic & etic perspective related
It is a human right language, ethnohistory, kinship, religion,
technologies, economic & political factors, and
specifi cultural values, belief, & practices
bearing upon care, illness, & well-being 17
Transcultural Nursing Care Principles (#2):

It’s the culture care lifecycle patterns, values, &

Different modes of learning, living, & practices of cultures that are valuable means
transmitting culture care & health to help sustain or maintain the health & well
being

An understanding of one’s self, one’s Co-participation of client and nurse for

culture, & one’s ways of entering a effective transcultural decisions,
different culture & helping others practices, & outcomes

Theory, research, & practice is Generate new knowledge & then to

interested in both universals and disseminate, use, & evaluate outcomes in
differences to generate new practice
knowledge, beneficial humanistic, &
scientific care practices

Observations, participation, & reflection are

Actions or decisions are based largely on essential modalities to discover and respond to
research care & health knowledge derived clients of diverse & similar cultures with their
from in-depth study of culture care needs & expectations

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Transcultural Nursing Care Principles (#3):

Verbal & nonverbal language with its meanings & symbols are important to know, understand, and arrive
at culturally congruent & therapeutic care outcome

Respect human rights & are alert to unethical practices, cultural taboos, & illegal cultural actions or
decisions

Understanding the cultural context of the client is essential to assess & respond appropriately to
clients & their holistic health care needs & concerns

Culture care therapy may be needed for people who have deeply hurt, insulted, or dehumanized because
of cultural ignorance and non-caring modes

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ThankYou
Grace
+62 83856547626
abigael@ukwms.ac.id