C0NTROL AND REGULATION (NERVOUS SYSTEM)

THE ORGANISATION OF NERVOUS SYSTEM, RESTING & ACTION POTENTIAL

SET 1

1. The following table shows the concentration of the main ions inside and
outside of the nerve cell during resting phase.

Ion Concentration in Concentration outside

the cell/mol dm-3 cell/mol dm-3
Na+ 15 150
Cl 10 110
What happens at part X ?
K+ 150 5
A. Potassium ions enter the neurone.
B. Sodium ions enter neurone
What would happen wwn the nerve cell receive the correct stimulus?
C. Potassium ions leave the neurone
A. Na+ ions will enter the cell
D. Sodium ions leave the neurone
B. K+ ions will enter the cell
E. Chloride ions leave the neurone.
C. Na+ ion will leave te cell
D. K+ ions will leave the cell
4. The graph below shows the change in potential in a stimulated
E. Na+ ions and Cl- ions will enter the cell.
Axon
2. Which of the following will occur when the stimulus depolarize the
axon membrane ?
A. Sodium ions will diffuse out of neuron
B. Potential action approaches zero
C. Sodium pump is stimulated
D. Sodium channel and potassium channel are closed
E. Membrane potential changes from the resting potential to the
action potential.

3. The graph below sows the action potential that is produced by the
stimulation of an electrical impulse on neurone.

Among I, II, III and IV in the above diagram, which one is the
resting potential?
A. I B. II C. III D. IV
5. The following events occur during the formation of an action
potential ++--- +++ outside the axon
I Depolarisation occur due to entry of Na + B - - + + +- - - - Inside the axon
II The axon membrane is in a polarized state
III The srimulation exceeds the threshold level ++---+++ outside the axon
IV Repolarisation of the axon membrane occurs due to outflow C + + - - - + +- Inside the axon
of K+
The correct sequence for the events above is - -+ + + - - - outside the axon
A. II, III, I, IV B. II, III, IV, I D + +- - - -+ + Inside the axonI
C. III, I, II, IV D. III, II, I, IV
8. The statement below are the steps involved during the
6. The graph below shows the action potential in a neuron. propagation of impulse at the synape.
I The released acetylcholine molecules diffuse across the
synaptic cleft and fuse with the receptors at the postsynaptic
membrane.
II The arrival of action potential at the synaptic knob causes the
influx of calcium ions into the synaptic knob.
III The depolarization of the postsynaptic membrane occur and
produces action potential
IV Calcium ions cause the vesicles to fuse with the presynaptic
membrane.

Which of the following is the correct sequence of the steps in the

propagation of impulse at the synape?

Which of the following about the graph is correct? A. I, II, III, IV B. I, III, IV,II
Point on Event during impulse transmission C. II, IV, I, III D. III, I, IV, II
graph
A P Na+ and K+ channels close 9. Which of the following statements are true of a resting neuron?
B Q K+ channels open and Na+ channels I Facilitated diffusion occurs
close II Sodium – potassium pump stop
C R Na+ channels open and K+ channels close III Three sodium ions are pumped in for every two potassium ions
D S Na+ and K+ channels open pumped out
IV Three sodium ions are pumped out for every two potassium
7 . Which of the following action potential diagram is correct about axon polarity ions pumped in.
when the propagation of nerve impulse occurs? A. I and III B. I and IV
A +++++++ outside the axon C. II and III D. II and IV
--------- Inside the axon
10. The production and flow of impulse along an axon at their respective 11. The organization of the nervous system is shown in the diagram below.
levels is shown in the diagram below. (STPM 2012) ( STPM 2012)

Which are true of the organization?

I Central nervous system
II Spinal cord
III Autonomic nervous system
IV Voluntary nervous system
A. I and II C. II and IV
B. I and III D. III and IV

12. The diagram below shows the potential difference across the membrane
of a giant axon.

Which diagrams correspond to their respective axon level correctly?

I II III Which of the phases shown is depolarization?
A a c b
B b a c
C b c a
D c b a
13. Which of the following correctly explains the distribution of ions on
either side of the membrane of an axon in its resting state?
A. A high concentration of organic anions outside and low
concentration of K +ions inside.
B. A high concentration of organics anions inside and low
concentration of Na + ions outside
C. A high concentration of K+ ions and organic anions outside and
a high concentration of Na + ions inside
D. A high concentration of Na+ outside and a high concentration of
K+ ions and organic anions inside.

14. A resting membrane potential of excitable cells has a positive charge

on the outside of the membrane. The most important contributor to this
positive charge is the …….
A. outward movement of K+
B. inward movement of Cl-
C. action of the Na+/K+ ATPase pump
D. higher permeability of Na+ across the membrane.

15. In skeletal muscle cells, action potentials

A.jump across the synaptic cleft of the neuromuscular junction
from the somatic motor neurons
B. reach the cell’s interior by travelling along the T-tubules
C. begin in the sarcoplasmic reticulum
D. result in a lowering of cytoplasmic calcium ion concentration.
 C0NTROL AND REGULATION (NERVOUS SYSTEM)
THE ORGANISATION OF NERVOUS SYSTEM, RESTING & ACTION POTENTIAL
SET 2

1. An axon immersed in seawater produces an action potential of +40mv when

stimulated. When the seawater is progressively diluted, the amplitude of the
action potential….
A. becomes lower
B. becomes higher
C. does not change
D. cannot be measured

2. The changes in membrane potential when neuron is stimulated is shown in the

diagram below (U2014)

Which is true for P, Q, R, S and T ?

Action Resting Threshold Repolarisation Depolarisation
potential potential potential
A P Q R S T
B P R Q T S
C Q R P T S
D R P Q S T
 5. The diagram below shows the electrical events inn a neurone during the
passage of an action potential.
3. The following table shows the concentration of the main ions inside and
outside of the nerve cell during resting phase.
Ion Concentration in the Concentration outside
cell / mold m-3 cell/mold m-3
+
Na 15 150
Cl- 10 110
K+ 150 5

What would happen when the nerve cell receives the correct stimulus?
A. Na+ ions will enter the cell Which of the following causes the initial rising phase (X) of an action potential in a
B. K+ ion will enter the cell neuron?
C. Na+ ion will leave the cell A. Potassium ions leaving the neurone
D. K+ ion will leave the cell B. Potassium ions entering the neurone
C. Sodium ions leaving the neurone
4. The changes in voltage during an action potential is shown in the graph below D. Sodium ions entering the neurone

6. The depolarisation of a neuron membrane is caused by the

[Stpm 2017R]
A. efflux of potassium ions through the voltage gated potassium ion
channel
B. inside of the membrane becoming more negatively charged compared
to the outside of the membrane
C. closure of the voltage gated potassium ion and the sodium ion
channels
D. membrane potential which reaches the threshold due to the influx of
natrium ions
At what stages are both the voltage gated sodium ion and voltage gated
7. The electrocardiogram (ECG) of a normal cardiac cycle is given in the diagram
potassium ion channels closed?
below.
A. I and II C. II and III
B. I and IV D. III and IV
 9. Which statements are true about myelin sheath?
I It acts as an electrical insulator
II It is found in all nerve cells
III It is produced by the Schwann cells
IV It delays the speed of impulse transmission

A. I and III C. II and III

B. I and IV D. II and IV

10. Which statements are true about myelin sheath? [stpm 2018]]
I It acts as an electrical insulator
The QRS wave refers to II It is found in all nerve cells
A. Depolarisation of the atria III it is produced by by the schwann cells
B. Depolarisation of the ventricles IV It delay the speed of impulse transmission
C. Repolarisation of the atria
D. Repolarisation of the ventricles A. I and III C. II and III
B. I and IV D. II and IV
8. The electrocardiogram of a normal cardiac cycle with waves, P and T is shown
Below (Stpm2018) 11. The propagation of an action potential in non-myelinated axon in three
regions, X, Y and Z, is shown in the diagram below [stpm 2018R]

The waves, P and T represent the Which is true about X, Y and Z?

Resting Repolarised Depolarised
P T A X Y Z
A Repolarisation of the atria Depolarisation of the ventricles B X Z Y
B Depolarisation of the atria Repolarisation of the ventricles C Y X Z
C Repolarisation of the ventricles Depolarisation of the atria D Y Z X
D Depolarisation of the ventricles Repolarisation of the atria