PRACTICE(PAPER(1((

• Text(One((Unseen):(The(Letter(‘A’(
• Text(Two:(Young(and(Dyslexic(
(
Text(One:(The(Letter(‘A’(
The$writer,$Christy$Brown,$was$born$with$cerebral$palsy,$which$meant$that$he$could$
not$control$his$speech$or$his$movement$apart$from$his$left$foot.$In$this$account,$he$
describes$the$moment$when$his$mother$realised$what$he$could$achieve.$
$
It#was#Mother#who#first#saw#that#there#was#something#wrong#with#me.#At#six#
months#I#could#not#sit#up#without#having#a#mountain#of#pillows#around#me;#at#
twelve#months#it#was#the#same.#Very#worried#by#this,#Mother#told#my#father#her#
fears,#and#they#decided#to#seek#medical#advice#without#any#further#delay.#
5# Almost#every#doctor#who#examined#me#labelled#me#a#very#interesting#but#also#a#
hopeless#case.#Many#told#Mother#very#gently#that#I#was#mentally#defective#and#
would#remain#so.#They#assured#her#that#nothing#could#be#done#for#me.#
She#refused#to#accept#this#truth,#the#inevitable#truth#−#as#it#then#seemed#−#that#I#was#
beyond#cure,#beyond#saving,#even#beyond#hope.#Mother#decided#there#and#then#to#
10# take#matters#into#her#own#hands.#I#was#her#child,#and#therefore#part#of#the#family.#
That#was#a#momentous#decision#as#far#as#my#future#life#was#concerned.#It#meant#
that#I#would#always#have#my#mother#on#my#side#to#help#me#fight#all#the#battles#that#
were#to#come,#and#to#inspire#me#with#new#strength#when#I#was#almost#beaten.#
I#was#now#five,#and#still#I#showed#no#real#sign#of#intelligence.#I#used#to#lie#on#my#back#
15# all#the#time#in#the#kitchen#or,#on#bright#warm#days,#out#in#the#garden,#a#little#bundle#
of#crooked#muscles#and#twisted#nerves,#surrounded#by#a#family#that#loved#me#and#
hoped#for#me#and#that#made#me#part#of#their#own#warmth#and#humanity.#I#was#
lonely,#imprisoned#in#a#world#of#my#own,#unable#to#communicate#with#others,#cut#
off,#separated#from#them#as#though#a#glass#wall#stood#between#my#existence#and#
20# theirs.#I#longed#to#run#about#and#play#with#the#rest,#but#I#was#unable#to#break#loose#
from#my#bondage.#
Then#suddenly,#it#happened!#In#a#moment#everything#was#changed,#my#future#life#
moulded#into#a#definite#shape,#my#mother’s#faith#in#me#rewarded#and#her#secret#fear#
changed#into#open#triumph.#
25# It#happened#so#quickly,#so#simply#after#all#the#years#of#waiting#and#uncertainty,#that#
I#can#see#and#feel#the#whole#scene#as#if#it#had#happened#last#week.#It#was#the#
afternoon#of#a#cold,#grey#December#day.#The#streets#outside#glistened#with#snow,#the#
white#sparkling#flakes#stuck#and#melted#on#the#windowpanes#and#hung#on#the#
boughs#of#the#trees#like#molten#silver.#The#wind#howled#dismally,#whipping#up#little#
30# whirling#columns#of#snow#that#rose#and#fell#at#every#fresh#gust.#And#over#all,#the#
dull,#murky#sky#stretched#like#a#dark#canopy,#a#vast#infinity#of#greyness.#
Inside,#all#the#family#were#gathered#round#the#big#kitchen#fire#that#lit#up#the#little#
room#with#a#warm#glow.#In#a#corner#Mona#and#Paddy#were#sitting,#writing#down#
little#sums#onto#an#old#chipped#slate,#using#a#bright#piece#of#yellow#chalk.#
35# It#was#the#chalk#that#attracted#me#so#much.#It#was#a#long,#slender#stick#of#vivid#
yellow.#I#had#never#seen#anything#like#it#before,#and#it#showed#up#so#well#against#the#
black#surface#of#the#slate#that#I#was#fascinated#by#it#as#much#as#if#it#had#been#a#stick#
of#gold.#
 Suddenly,#I#wanted#desperately#to#do#what#my#sister#was#doing.#Then#−#without#
40# thinking#or#knowing#exactly#what#I#was#doing,#I#reached#out#and#took#the#stick#of#
chalk#out#of#my#sister’s#hand#−#with#my#left#foot.#
I#held#it#tightly#between#my#toes,#and,#acting#on#an#impulse,#made#a#wild#sort#of#
scribble#with#it#on#the#slate.##
My#mother#crossed#over#to#me#and#knelt#down#beside#me,#as#she#had#done#so#many#
45# times#before.# #
“I’ll#show#you#what#to#do#with#it,#Chris,”#she#said,#very#slowly#and#in#a#queer,#jerky#
way,#her#face#flushed#as#if#with#some#inner#excitement.#She#hesitated,#then#very#
deliberately#drew,#on#the#floor#in#front#of#me,#the#single#letter#‘A’.#
“Copy#that,”#she#said,#looking#steadily#at#me.#“Copy#it,#Christy.”# #
50# I#couldn’t.# #
Mother#held#the#slate#steady#for#me.#“Try#again,#Chris,”#she#whispered#in#my#ear.#
I#did.#I#stiffened#my#body#and#put#my#left#foot#out#again.#I#drew#one#side#of#the#letter.#
I#drew#half#the#other#side.#Then#the#stick#of#chalk#broke.#I#wanted#to#fling#it#away#
and#give#up.#Then#I#felt#my#mother’s#hand#on#my#shoulder.#I#tried#once#more.#Out#
55# went#my#foot.#I#shook,#I#sweated#and#strained#every#muscle.#But#−#I#drew#it#−#the#
letter#‘A’.#Shaky,#with#awkward,#wobbly#sides#and#a#very#uneven#centre#line.#But#it#
was#the#letter#‘A’.#I#looked#up.#I#saw#my#mother’s#face#for#a#moment,#tears#on#her#
cheeks.# #
I#had#done#it!#It#had#started#−#the#thing#that#was#to#give#my#mind#its#chance#of#
60# expressing#itself.#True,#I#couldn’t#speak#with#my#lips.#But#now#I#would#speak#through#
something#more#lasting#than#spoken#words#−#written#words.# #
That#one#letter,#scrawled#on#the#floor#with#a#broken#bit#of#yellow#chalk#gripped#
between#my#toes,#was#my#road#to#a#new#world,#my#key#to#mental#freedom.#
# #
#

PRACTICE(PAPER(1:(QUESTIONS#
(
You#should#spend#about#1#hour#30#minutes#on#this#section.#
#
The(following(questions(are(based(on(the(text(above:(‘The%Letter%A.’%
1#From#lines#6X8,#select#two#words#or#phrases#used#to#describe#Christy#Brown.#
2#Look#again#at#lines#14X24.#In#your#own#words,#describe#what#Christy’s#life#was#
like#when#he#was#five#years#old.#
3#From#lines#44X58#what#do#you#learn#about#Christy’s#mother?#You#may#support#
your#points#with#brief#quotations.#
#
Remind(yourself(of(the(extract((in(your(anthology)(Young%and%dyslexic?%You’ve%
got%it%going%on.#
4#In#what#ways#does#the#writer#use#language#and#structure#to#show#the#difficulties#
that#he#faced?#You#should#support#your#answer#with#close#reference#to#the#extract,#
including#brief#quotations.#
#
Question(5(is(based(on(both(Text(One(and(Text(Two(from(the(Extracts(Booklet.#
5#Compare#how#the#writers#present#their#ideas#and#perspectives#about#their#
experiences.#Support#your#answer#with#detailed#examples#from#both#texts,#including#
brief#quotations.#
 PRACTICE(PAPER(2(
• Text(One((Unseen):(Fingers(in(the(Sparkle(Jar(
• Text(Two:(H(is(for(Hawk(
!
Text(One:(Fingers(in(the(Sparkle(Jar(
Chris&Packham&is&a&TV&presenter,&photographer&and&conservationist.&In&this&extract&
from&his&autobiography,&he&describes&the&first&moment&he&saw&a&Kestrel&nest.&
!
‘I!FOUND!IT!’!!
Blue!biro.!I’d!tried!so!hard!to!inscribe!it!in!my!very!best!curly!handwriting!but!I’d!
produced!a!page!of!inappropriate!scrawl.!I!sat!up!and!breathed!and,!mildly!calmed,!
gave!the!second!whole!page!over!to!a!neatly!drawn!map!of!a!tiny!patch!of!
5! Hampshire.!It!showed!individual!trees!and!there!was!a!scale!and!a!legend!that!
illustrated!the!symbols!for!fencing,!a!bog!and!a!wet!ditch,!and!at!its!centre!a!great!
ballooning!oak!labelled!‘nestGtree’.!!
But!this!was!all!a!waste!of!time,!a!formulaic!exercise,!because!I!knew!I’d!never!ever!
need!to!be!prompted!by!this!diary!at!all,!I!would!remember!the!moment!I!found!that!
10! nest!in!unfailing!detail!forever.!That!surge!of!raw!ecstasy!as!the!male!Kestrel!flew!
into!view!and!his!mate!squeezed!out!of!her!cubbyhole!had!made!me!physically!
shake.!And!that!burst!of!joy!had!only!slowly!transformed!into!an!enormously!
triumphant!and!vain!crown!of!satisfaction!swollen!by!the!smug!knowledge!that!all!
my!hours!of!cold!wet!searching!that!spring!had!paid!off.!!
15! But!then!I!had!been!optimistic!that!Friday!6!June!1975!would!be!‘the!day’!based!on!
the!observations!made!last!week!when!I’d!tracked!the!hunting!male!close!to!that!
particular!spot.!Nevertheless,!I’d!still!been!curled!amongst!a!prickly!posy!of!thistles,!
swooning!in!the!bouquet!of!trampled!hay!and!warm!sweet!dung!for!three!hours!
before!he’d!returned,!and!there!hadn’t!been!a!peep!or!a!glimpse!of!the!female.!She!
20! too!had!been!lying!low,!brooding!her!six!grey!downy!young!in!an!old!crows’!nest,!
shielded!by!a!thick!veil!of!ivy!about!thirty!feet!up!in!the!oak.!But!once!I’d!found!it!all!
I!really!needed!to!know!was!could!I!get!up!to!it?!!
I!had!made!that!climb!in!my!daydreams!a!hundred!times,!feared!the!difficulty!of!the!
ascent,!the!sheer!height!and!precarious!location!of!a!nest!set!in!the!flimsy!skyG
25! scraping!branches!of!a!giant!tree.!It!would!be!an!eyrie,!maybe!ropes!would!be!
required!and!obviously!I’d!be!alone!as!secrecy!would!be!imperative,!no!one!else!on!
earth!could!ever!know!the!location!of!such!a!treasure.!I!had!envisioned!it!as!a!rite!of!
passage!but!although!I!had!written!that!it!was!‘quite!a!hard!climb!on!a!thin!branch’,!
it!wasn’t,!I’d!exaggerated.!I!had!to!shin!up!a!bough!wrapped!with!thick!ivy!with!no!
30! handholds!for!about!twelve!feet!but!that!was!easy.!!
My!knees!clamped!painfully!around!the!branch,!my!filthy!grazed!fingers!wiped!thick!
brown!dust!from!my!sweaty!face!and!then!reached!forward!to!part!the!ivy.!I’d!
hesitated,!I!could!smell!them!before!I!could!see!them,!a!dry,!slightly!meaty,!warm!
scent,!then!I!hoicked!myself!up!and!leaned!forward!spitting!out!a!twig.!BrightGeyed,!
35! blueGeyed,!with!smoky!coats!of!fluff,!they!flailed!featherless!wings!and!hobbled!on!
fresh!custardGyellow!legs,!their!taloned!toes!tightly!fisted.!Six,!precariously!ringing!
the!far!side!of!their!stinky!platform!with!gaping!mouths,!fixing!me!with!terrified!
stares.!They!rocked!and!shuffled,!I!rested!still,!not!breathing,!dizzy!after!my!rapid!
scramble!to!their!scruffy!fortress.!I!gasped!–!they!flinched,!they!scowled!–!I!smiled,!
40! and!gently!backed!down.!They!were!the!most!beautiful!things!I’d!ever!seen!and!one!
of!them!would!be!mine.!I!was!possessed.!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
PRACTICE(PAPER(2:(QUESTIONS(
(
You!should!spend!about!1!hour!30!minutes!on!this!section.!
!
The(following(questions(are(based(on(the(text(above:(‘Fingers)in)the)Sparkle)
Jar.’)
1!From!lines!5G7,!select!two!words!or!phrases!used!to!describe!the!map!that!Chris!
Packham!drew!in!his!diary.!
2!Look!again!at!lines!8G14.!In!your!own!words,!describe!what!Packham’s!feelings!
were!about!his!discovery!of!the!kestrel’s!nest.!
3!From!lines!15G30!what!do!you!learn!about!Packham’s!experiences!in!trying!to!
locate!the!nest?!You!may!support!your!points!with!brief!quotations.!
!
Remind(yourself(of(the(extract((in(your(anthology)(H)is)for)Hawk!
4!In!what!ways!does!the!writer!use!language!and!structure!to!show!her!attachment!
to!the!first!bird?!You!should!support!your!answer!with!close!reference!to!the!
extract,!including!brief!quotations.!
!
Question(5(is(based(on(both(Text(One(and(Text(Two(from(the(Extracts(Booklet.!
5!Compare!how!the!writers!present!their!ideas!and!perspectives!about!their!
experiences.!Support!your!answer!with!detailed!examples!from!both!texts,!including!
brief!quotations.!
!
!
!
 PRACTICE(PAPER(3(
• Text(One((Unseen):(A(Message(from(the(Chief(Scout(
• Text(Two:(Explorers(or(Boys(Messing(About(
(
Text(One:(A(Message(from(the(Chief(Scout(
The$Scouting$Movement$was$originally$set$up$for$boys$in$the$early$1900s.$This$is$the$
introduction$from$a$scouting$handbook$of$the$time.$
!
There!was!once!a!boy!who!lived!in!a!region!of!rough!farms.!He!was!wild!with!the!
love!of!the!green!outdoors!–!the!trees,!the!herbs!and!the!live!things!that!left!their!
nightly!tracks!in!the!mud.!He!wished!so!much!to!know!them!and!learn!about!
them.!He!would!have!given!almost!any!price!to!know!the!name!of!this!or!that!
5! wonderful!bird,!or!brilliant!flower.!He!used!to!tremble!with!excitement!when!
some!new!bird!was!seen,!or!when!some!strange!birdsong!came!from!the!trees!to!
thrill!him!with!its!power!or!puzzle!him!with!its!mystery,!and!he!had!a!sad!sense!
of!loss!when!the!bird!flew!away!leaving!him!dark!as!ever.!But!he!was!alone!and!
helpless.!He!had!neither!book!nor!friend!to!guide!him,!and!he!grew!up!with!a!
10! kind!of!knowledge!hunger!in!his!heart!that!gnawed!away!at!him!without!ceasing.!
But!it!inspired!him!with!the!hope!that!someday!he!might!be!able!to!save!others!
from!this!sort!of!torment.!He!would!give!them!what!had!been!denied!to!himself.!
There!were!other!things!in!the!green!and!living!world!that!had!a!binding!charm!
for!him.!He!wanted!to!learn!to!camp!out,!to!live!again!the!life!of!his!hunter!
15! grandfather!who!knew!all!the!tricks!of!winning!comfort!from!the!relentless!
wilderness.!He!delighted!in!the!tales!of!courage!and!heroic!deeds!and!lived!it!all!
in!imagination.!“Some!day,”!he!said,!“I!shall!put!it!all!down!for!other!boys!to!
learn.”!
As!years!went!by!he!found!that!there!were!books!about!most!of!the!things!he!
20! wished!to!know:!the!stars,!the!birds,!the!fish,!the!insects,!the!plants;!about!the!
camper’s!life,!the!language!of!signs!and!even!some!of!the!secrets!of!the!trail.!But!
the!books!were!very!expensive!and!a!whole!library!would!be!needed!to!cover!the!
information!he!wanted!to!know.!What!he!wanted!–!what!every!boy!wants!–!is!a!
handbook!giving!the!broad!facts!of!the!openMair!life.!He!did!not!want!to!know!the!
25! trees!as!a!botanist,!but!as!a!forester;!nor!the!stars!as!an!astronomer,!but!as!a!
traveller.!Young!Scouts,!I!am!that!boy,!writing!to!you!now.!
He!thought!himself!peculiar!in!those!days.!He!knows!now!he!was!simply!a!boy!
with!the!interests!and!desires!of!all!boys!–!and!all!the!things!that!he!loved!and!
wished!to!learn!have!now!a!part!in!the!big!broad!work!we!call!Scouting.!
30! “Scout”!used!to!mean!the!one!on!watch!for!the!others.!We!have!widened!the!
word!a!little.!We!have!made!it!fit!the!town!as!well!as!the!wilderness!and!suited!it!
to!peacetime!instead!of!war.!We!have!made!the!scout!an!expert!in!LifeMcraft!as!
well!as!WoodMcraft,!for!he!is!trained!in!the!things!of!the!heart!as!well!as!head!and!
hand.!Scouting!now!includes!riding,!swimming,!hiking,!photography,!first!aid,!
35! camping,!handicrafts,!loyalty,!obedience,!courtesy,!courage,!and!kindness.!
Do!these!things!appeal!to!you?!Do!you!love!the!woods?!!
 Do!you!wish!to!have!allMround,!wellMdeveloped!muscles,!not!those!of!a!great!
athlete,!but!those!of!a!sound!body!that!will!not!fail!you?!Would!you!like!to!be!an!
expert!camper!who!can!always!make!himself!comfortable!out!of!doors,!and!a!
40! swimmer!that!fears!no!waters?!!
Do!you!believe!in!loyalty,!courage,!and!kindness?!Would!you!like!to!form!habits!
that!will!surely!make!you!a!success!in!life?!!
Then,!whether!you!be!farm!boy,!newsboy!or!millionaire’s!son,!your!place!is!in!
our!ranks.!It!will!help!you!to!do!better!work!with!your!animals,!your!newspapers,!
45! or!your!money.!It!will!give!you!new!pleasures!in!life;!it!will!teach!you!so!much!of!
the!outdoor!world!that!you!wish!to!know.!This!Handbook,!the!work!of!many!
men,!each!a!leader!in!his!field,!is!their!best!effort!to!show!you!the!way.!This!is,!
indeed,!the!book!that!I!so!longed!for,!in!those!farMoff!days!when!I!wandered,!
heart!hungry!in!the!woods.!
50! !
!
!
!
!
PRACTICE(PAPER(3:(QUESTIONS(
(
You!should!spend!about!1!hour!30!minutes!on!this!section.!
!
The(following(questions(are(based(on(the(text(above:(‘A#Message#from#the#
Chief#Scout.’#
1!From!lines!1M3,!select!two!words!or!phrases!that!describe!things!that!the!scout!
loved!as!a!boy.!
2!Look!again!at!lines!4M12.!In!your!own!words,!describe!the!scout’s!thoughts!and!
feelings!regarding!nature.!
3!From!lines!30M42!what!do!you!learn!about!the!benefits!of!scouting?!You!should!
support!your!answer!with!close!reference!to!the!extract,!including!brief!
quotations.!
!
Remind(yourself(of(the(extract((in(your(anthology)(Explorers#or#Boys#
Messing#about!
4!In!what!ways!does!the!writer!use!language!and!structure!to!show!portray!the!
adventures!of!the!helicopter!duo?!You!should!support!your!answer!with!close!
reference!to!the!extract,!including!brief!quotations.!
!
Question(5(is(based(on(both(Text(One(and(Text(Two(from(the(Extracts(
Booklet.!!
5!Compare!how!the!writers!present!their!ideas!and!perspectives!about!their!
experiences.!Support!your!answer!with!detailed!examples!from!both!texts,!
including!brief!quotations.!
!
!
 PRACTICE(PAPER(4(
• Text(One((Unseen):(What(Happened(to(Mallory(and(
Irvine?(
• Text(Two:(Between(a(Rock(and(a(Hard(Place(
!
Text(One:(What(Happened(to(Mallory(and(Irvine?(
Mallory'and'Irvine'were'mountaineers'who'died'whilst'climbing'Mount'Everest.'
For'a'long'time'their'bodies'were'never'found'and'what'had'happened'to'them'
remained'a'mystery'for'many'years.'
!
On!6th!June!1924,!George!Mallory!and!Andrew!Irvine!attempted!to!make!history!
by!setting!out!to!reach!the!summit!of!Everest!and!be!the!first!men!ever!to!stand!
on!the!peak!of!the!world’s!highest!mountain.!When!last!seen!they!seemed!to!be!
within!800!feet!of!the!summit.!They!were!never!seen!again.!Their!story!is!one!of!
5! the!great!romantic!tragedies!of!Everest.!But!what!really!happened!in!the!cold,!
thin!air!at!28,000!feet?!
For!threeOquarters!of!a!century,!this!is!all!that!has!been!known!with!any!
certainty.!
Just!after!dawn!on!the!morning!of!June!6th!1924,!Mallory!and!Irvine!crawled!out!
10! of!their!simple!canvas!tent!on!a!windOravaged!saddle!of!snow,!ice!and!rock!and!
took!the!first!steps!in!what!would!become!a!climb!into!history.!
The!men!said!little!to!each!other.!There!was!little!need.!They!knew!the!situation!
was!critical.!They!were!running!out!of!supplies!and!support.!In!a!matter!of!days,!
perhaps!even!hours,!the!monsoon!would!sweep!up!from!the!south!and!bury!the!
15! mountain!under!wave!upon!wave!of!snow.!
Now,!on!this!promising!June!morning,!Mallory!and!Irvine!struggled!into!their!
primitive,!unreliable,!and!brutally!heavy!oxygen!equipment.!Irvine,!a!strapping!
young!man!only!twenty!two!years!old,!stands!calmly!with!his!hands!in!his!
pockets,!his!head!twisted!slightly!as!he!watches!Mallory!fuss!with!his!oxygen!
20! mask.!Mallory,!while!certainly!the!finest!mountaineer!of!his!day,!is,!at!the!age!of!
thirtyOeight,!getting!“a!bit!long!in!the!tooth”!for!these!expeditions.!Yet!he!is!
driven,!almost!to!the!point!of!obsession,!by!this!mountain!and!is!determined!to!
conquer!it.!If!he!fusses!with!the!oxygen!device,!it!is!understandable:!everything!
must!be!perfect.!They!have!run!out!of!chances.!If!they!are!to!become!the!first!
25! human!beings!to!reach!the!highest!point!on!earth,!they!must!succeed!in!this!
attempt.!It!is!do!or!die.!!
*!*!*!*!*!*!*!*!*!*!*!*!*!*!*!*!*!*!*!*!*!*!*!*!*!*!*!*!*!*!*!
SeventyOfive!years!later!the!Mallory!and!Irvine!Research!Expedition!set!off!to!
retrace!the!steps!of!the!1924!expedition.!On!May!1st!1999,!to!the!astonishment!
30! of!the!world,!they!made!a!dramatic!discovery!when!they!came!across!the!
remains!of!George!Mallory.!
This!is!what!seems!to!have!happened.!The!two!mountaineers!were!in!the!final!
stretch!of!a!historic!day.!Whether!they!actually!reached!the!summit!or!not,!they!
had!climbed!higher!on!Mount!Everest!than!had!anyone!before!them,!much!
35! higher.!Now,!exhausted,!dehydrated!and!oxygenless,!they!groped!down!in!the!
dark,!with!neither!moonlight!nor!their!own!lanterns!or!torches!to!light!the!way.!
Suddenly!a!misstep:!Mallory!loses!his!footing!and,!in!seconds,!is!plummeting!
down!the!rock!face!past!Irvine’s!position.!Or!perhaps!Irvine!slips!and!pulls!
Mallory!down!after!him.!The!extra!coils!of!rope!in!Mallory’s!hand!unravel!and!
40! then,!after!what!seems!like!an!eternity!but!is!only!a!matter!of!seconds,!there!is!a!
sharp!jerk.!The!rope!catches!on!an!outcropping*,!Mallory!smashes!into!the!cliff!
with!his!right!side,!and!the!jolt!breaks!his!ribs.!For!a!millisecond,!Mallory!thinks!
he!is!saved.!But!the!moment!ends!in!a!heartbeat!as!the!shockOloaded!rope!snaps!
and!he!continues!to!fall.!Almost!immediately,!he!lands!on!one!foot!on!a!section!of!
45! steep!slope.!His!right!leg!snaps!just!above!the!top!of!his!boot.!
But!he!does!not!stop.!The!slope!is!too!steep,!his!momentum!already!too!great.!He!
is!sliding!into!the!darkness,!plummeting!towards!the!final!dropOoff!to!the!glacier!
thousands!of!feet!below.!He!is!in!agony,!but!he!is!not!dead!and!he!has!not!given!
up.!He!digs!his!fingers!into!the!frozen!ground!and!scrabbles!at!each!passing!rock.!
50! But!he!is!sliding!so!fast!and!the!ground!is!so!rough!that!it!rips!off!his!gloves.!It!is!
as!if!he!is!being!dragged!behind!a!runaway!locomotive!and!he!is!trying!to!brake!
the!speeding!engine!by!the!sheer!strength!of!his!arms!and!fingers.!Just!at!the!
point!at!which!he!thinks!he!may!be!slowing,!however,!he!hits!a!tilted!slab,!flies!
up,!and!hits!the!slope!hard,!his!forehead!smashing!into!a!viciously!sharp!shard!of!
55! rock.!Slowing!now,!he!slides!off!another!ledge!and!finally!stops.!
His!fingers!still!claw!the!slope.!He!is!face!down!in!the!rock.!His!head!injury!is!
severe.!He!is!losing!consciousness.!In!his!last!act!–!it!may!not!even!be!conscious!–!
he!crosses!the!good!leg!over!the!broken!one!protectively.!Then!almost!
immediately!his!agony,!and!his!life,!end.!
60! He!can!no!longer!hear!Irvine,!who,!also!injured!but!alive,!is!calling!to!him!in!the!
darkness.!After!a!while,!Irvine!stops!calling!and!begins,!instinctively,!to!drag!
himself!toward!camp,!which!is!some!400!yards!away.!He!doesn’t!make!it.!At!
some!point!exhaustion,!his!injuries,!or!some!combination!of!the!two,!stop!him!
thirty!minutes!from!his!camp.!He!sits!down!and,!in!the!desperate!cold!at!27,000!
65! feet,!Andrew!Irvine,!twentyOtwo!years!old,!yields!to!the!mountain,!closes!his!eyes!
and!slips!into!a!darkness!for!which!there!will!be!no!dawn.!
!
!
*outcropping'–!a!projected!piece!of!rock
 PRACTICE(PAPER(4:(QUESTIONS(
(
You!should!spend!about!1!hour!30!minutes!on!this!section.!
!
The(following(questions(are(based(on(the(text(above:(‘What&Happened&to&
Mallory&or&Irvine?’&
1!From!lines!9O15,!select!two!words!or!phrases!that!describe!the!difficult!
conditions!for!Mallory!and!Irvine.!
2!Look!again!at!lines!16O26.!In!your!own!words,!describe!Mallory!and!Irvine’s!
behaviour!and!attitude!towards!the!climb.!
3!From!lines!37O55!what!do!you!learn!about!what!happened!to!Mallory?!You!
should!support!your!answer!with!close!reference!to!the!extract,!including!brief!
quotations.!
!
Remind(yourself(of(the(extract((in(your(anthology)(Between&A&Rock&and&a&
Hard&Place!
4!In!what!ways!does!the!writer!use!language!and!structure!to!build!tension?!You!
should!support!your!answer!with!close!reference!to!the!extract,!including!brief!
quotations.!
!
Question(5(is(based(on(both(Text(One(and(Text(Two(from(the(Extracts(
Booklet.!5!Compare!how!the!writers!present!their!ideas!and!perspectives!about!
the!experiences.!Support!your!answer!with!detailed!examples!from!both!texts,!
including!brief!quotations.!
!
!
!
!
 PRACTICE(PAPER(5(
• Text(One((Unseen):(The(Old(Cricketer(
• Text(Two:(The(Explorer’s(Daughter(
(
Text(One:(The(Old(Cricketer(
The$writer$sees$Harold$Larwood,$a$famous$cricket$player$who$was$a$fast$bowler$a$
long$time$ago.$They$both$grew$up$in$Nottingham,$a$coal=mining$city$in$England.$$
$
The$old$man$laid$his$hand$lightly$on$the$gate$of$the$cricket$ground.$His$closely$
cropped$hair$was$as$white$as$frost,$his$caramel:coloured$face$lined$and$pinched$
with$age.$The$lenses$in$his$square,$black:framed$spectacles$were$thick.$He$wore$a$
pale$checked$shirt,$a$tightly$knotted$woollen$tie,$and$a$dull$brown$jacket$which$
5$ looked$half$a$size$too$big$for$him$–$slightly$too$broad$across$the$shoulders,$an$
inch$too$long$in$the$tail$and$sleeves.$He$carried$himself$with$the$dignity$of$a$war$
veteran,$his$back$as$straight$as$he$could$make$it,$his$chest$thrust$slightly$forward,$
as$if$there$was$a$row$of$ribboned$medals$fastened$across$his$top$pocket.$Around$
him,$a$knot$of$stooped,$flabby$men$of$much$the$same$era,$dressed$in$shirtsleeves$
10$ and$braces,$stared$at$him$as$though$worshipping$a$saint$at$the$altar.$It$was$
6.00pm$in$the$evening.$The$sun$was$still$bright$and$the$dark$shadows$elongated$
everything,$like$a$fairground$mirror.$The$cricket$ground$was$almost$empty,$the$
stands$echoing$to$the$drag$of$brooms$which$swept$away$the$litter$of$a$long$day$
ofcricket:watching.$
15$ A$straggly$crocodile$line$of$young$boys$carrying$sports$bags$and$swinging$worn$
cricket$bats$walked$around$the$edge$of$the$pitch$without$glancing$at$the$old$man$
or$his$admirers.$One$of$them$tapped$a$ball$on$his$bat.$It$caught$the$edge$and$
rolled$away$towards$the$gate.$The$old$man$stopped$the$ball$with$his$foot$and$
then$picked$it$up.$He$briefly$weighed$the$ball$in$his$hand$and$rubbed$his$thumb$
20$ on$the$leather$before$throwing$it$back$carefully.$“Here$you$are,$son,”$he$said.$The$
boy$reached$out$with$his$bat,$knocked$the$ball$into$the$air$and$grabbed$it,$like$
catching$a$falling$apple$from$a$tree.$All$this$happened$in$an$eye:blink;$it$was$just$
a$moment$that$passed$briefly.$The$boy$–$a$year$or$two$short$of$his$teens,$I’d$guess$
–$casually$tucked$his$bat$under$his$arm,$stuffed$the$ball$into$his$trouser$pocket$
25$ and$sauntered$away$without$a$backward$glance.$The$old$man$carried$on$talking$
before$shaking$hands,$saying$his$polite$goodbyes,$slowly$climbing$the$steps$and$
vanishing$inside$the$cricket$pavilion*.$
I$was$sitting$a$few$yards$away,$too$shy$to$approach$the$old$man$at$first$and$then$
too$slow$to$decide$what$to$do$when$he$walked$past$me.$I$missed$my$chance$to$
30$ speak$to$Harold$Larwood,$but$I$like$to$claim$that$I$saw$the$last$ball$he$ever$
bowled.$
If$you$grew$up$in$Nottingham,$as$I$did,$you$knew$all$about$Larwood.$He$was$the$
local$legend.$You$were$told$about$him$as$a$rite$of$passage.$As$children,$we$played$
cricket$in$the$street.$There$was$always$a$voice$behind$you:$“You’ll$never$be$as$
35$ fast$as$Harold$Larwood.$He$were$the$quickest$there’s$ever$been.$Ask$your$
grandad.”$
Nottingham$was$a$coal$mining$city.$Mine$workings$were$everywhere.$You$could$
smell$the$coal$that$lingered$everywhere;$damp$and$musty,$like$one$long$washing$
 day.$Everything$seemed$to$be$soot:stained.$The$air$was$gritty$with$dust.$Even$the$
40$ leaves$on$the$trees$were$coated$with$smuts*.$Larwood$had$been$a$miner.$He$
knew$what$it$was$like$to$rapidly$descend$from$daylight$into$darkness.$He$scraped$
the$skin$off$his$back$in$the$mine,$his$bare$flesh$grazing$the$jagged$edges$of$the$
narrow$tunnels$which$he$crept$along$on$his$knees.$His$hands$became$roughened$
from$tightly$gripping$a$pick$or$a$shovel.$His$bitten$nails$were$rimmed$black.$The$
45$ miners$my$father$worked$alongside$regarded$Larwood$as$one$of$their$own$and$
would$have$nothing$said$against$him.$He$was$working$class,$proud$of$it$and$made$
of$the$right$stuff,$which$was$good$enough$for$them.$$
When$I$saw$him$it$was$difficult$to$connect$the$thinnish$and$short$old$man$in$front$
of$me$–$he$was$nearly$73$by$then$–$with$the$raw:boned$fast$bowler$whom$I’d$
50$ read$about.$He$stroked$his$chin,$readjusted$his$spectacles$on$the$bridge$of$his$
nose$and$occasionally$ran$his$fingers$across$his$bristly$head.$As$he$spoke$he$
glanced$at$his$hands,$as$if$the$palms$were$a$map$he$could$read.$I$focused$intently$
on$his$wrinkled$fingers$and$imagined$them$unblemished$a$half$a$century$earlier$
across$a$new$cherry:red$cricket$ball,$polished$like$a$pearl.$I$wondered$how$many$
55$ times$Larwood$had$passed$through$the$gates$at$the$cricket$ground,$whether$or$
not$he$saw$it$as$it$had$been$rather$than$the$way$it$was$at$that$moment,$and$if$any$
ghosts$were$there$to$meet$him.$However$hard$it$was$to$reconcile$those$images$
with$the$one$I$saw$in$the$flesh,$I$knew$I$was$within$touching$distance$of$a$“Great$
Man”$and$of$greatness$itself.$$
$
$
*pavilion$–$the$main$building$at$a$cricket$ground$$
*smuts$–$small$flakes$of$sooty$dirt$
$
$
PRACTICE(PAPER(5:(QUESTIONS(
(
You$should$spend$about$1$hour$30$minutes$on$this$section.$
$
The(following(questions(are(based(on(the(text(above:(‘The%Old%Cricketer.’%
1$From$lines$1:3,$select$two$words$or$phrases$used$to$describe$the$old$man.$
2$Look$again$at$lines$15:27.$In$your$own$words,$describe$the$interaction$
between$the$old$man$and$the$young$boys.$
3$From$lines$37:47$what$do$you$learn$about$the$experience$of$being$a$miner?$
You$may$support$your$points$with$brief$quotations.$
$
Remind(yourself(of(the(extract((in(your(anthology)(The%Explorer’s%Daughter$
4$In$what$ways$does$the$writer$use$language$and$structure$to$show$her$
conflicted$feelings$regarding$the$narwhals$and$the$hunters?$You$should$support$
your$answer$with$close$reference$to$the$extract,$including$brief$quotations.$
$
Question(5(is(based(on(both(Text(One(and(Text(Two(from(the(Extracts(
Booklet.$$
5$Compare$how$the$writers$present$their$ideas$and$perspectives$about$their$
experiences.$Support$your$answer$with$detailed$examples$from$both$texts,$
including$brief$quotations.$
$
$
$
$
$
$
 PRACTICE(PAPER(6(
• Text(One((Unseen):(Siberia!(
• Text(Two:(Beyond(the(Sky(and(the(Earth(
(
Text(One:(Siberia!(
The$writer$of$this$passage$is$an$American$who$sets$off$from$Moscow$for$a$remote$
region$of$Siberia.$
!
The!plane!was!half!empty,!the!air!inside!muggy!and!rank,!reminiscent!of!sweat!
and!toilets.!I!was!a!couple!of!hours!into!the!all:night!flight!from!Moscow!to!
Siberia,!where!I!hoped!to!find!a!car!or!truck!to!take!me!three!hundred!miles!
northeast!through!the!deep!forest!to!Ust:Kut!in!Siberia.!I!wiped!away!the!
5! condensation!and!peered!groggily!through!the!plane’s!window.!Below!the!plane!
a!darkly!verdant*!carpet!of!forest!laced!with!silver:grey!rivers!–!Siberia!–!swept!
away!to!the!horizon!under!a!pale!sky.!It!was!midnight.!
My!distress!had!begun!at!the!airport!in!Moscow,!earlier!that!hot,!humid!evening.!
I!was!jostled!by!red:faced!travellers!dragging!chequered!vinyl!sacks!and!plastic:
10! wrapped!suitcases!for!flights!to!Siberia.!I!stood,!together!with!my!wife,!on!the!
dusty!flooring!near!security!control.!Her!eyes!watering!and!wide!open,!she!
pressed!her!cheeks!to!mine.!
We!had!rushed!from!our!apartment!and!had!not!managed!to!sit!for!a!few!
moments!of!silence,!hands!clasped!and!eyes!locked,!as!Russian!custom!required!
15! for!good!luck!on!such!a!journey.!Being!Russian,!and!knowing!her!country,!
Tatyana!distrusted!everything!Russian.!I!knew!her!fears.!She!felt!she!might!be!
touching!me!for!the!last!time!before!releasing!me!into!the!semi:barbarous!
hinterland*!beginning!just!outside!Moscow!and!stretching!into!infinity.!She!
imagined!it!to!be!all!forest,!bog!and!low!mountain,!peopled!with!drunks!and!
20! thugs!who!would!love!to!get!their!hands!on!an!American.!Her!fears!were!
exaggerated,!I!knew,!but!I!no!longer!argued!with!her.!To!make!positive!
predictions!before!an!activity!in!Russia!is!to!tempt!fate.!
They!called!my!flight.!I!pulled!away!from!her,!shouldering!my!bag.!She!stood!at!
the!guardrail!and!watched!me!pass!through!security,!alarm!washing!over!her!
25! face!as!an!airport!security!guard!pointed!to!my!bag!and!asked!me!to!open!it.!He!
pulled!out!my!maps!of!Siberia.!What!would!a!foreigner!need!them!for,!if!not!for!
spying,!he!asked?!Expedition?!What!exactly!was!I!planning!to!do!in!Siberia?!
Finally!free,!I!just!made!it!to!the!bus!that!took!me!on!a!rattling!ride!over!the!heat!
warped!tarmac!and!out!to!the!plane.!
30! Now,!gazing!through!the!plane’s!window,!I!started!to!doze!off.!But!soon!the!sky!
shaded!into!sapphire!blue!and!swords!of!sunlight!from!a!point!on!the!Earth’s!
sharp!rim!stabbed!my!eyes.!Before!I!knew!it!I!was!in!a!dank!airport!terminal!in!
Siberia,!swatting!mosquitoes.!Dazed!by!the!lack!of!sleep!I!waited!next!to!a!
derelict!luggage!conveyor!for!my!backpack!and!other!gear!to!appear.!Luggage!
35! retrieved,!I!then!found!myself!haggling!outside!in!the!sun!with!the!sole!taxi!
driver:!a!shaven:headed,!pug:nosed!paunchy!man!in!his!late!forties.!With!his!
crude!face!and!scarred!hands,!he!looked!like!a!criminal,!but!then!out!here!driving!
was!a!serious!business;!vehicle!repairs!in!Siberia!often!involved!getting!your!
 bare!hands!frozen!to!steel!and!losing!strips!of!skin.!He!had!a!peasant!frankness!
40! about!him!that!I!found!reassuring.!His!taxi!was!an!ancient!grey!model!that!I!had!
only!seen!in!old!Soviet!movies.!!
“You!want!to!go!to!Ust:Kut?”!he!said.!“We’ve!had!rain!and!the!road’s!all!mucked!
up.!But,!well!…!well,!okay,!hop!in.”!!
He!introduced!himself!as!Volodya.!We!drove!off,!rocking!onto!a!narrow,!beat:up!
45! highway!running!like!an!alley!through!the!deep!forest.!The!violent!ascending!
road,!a!swerving!track!of!gravel!in!parts!and!mud!in!others,!cut!through!a!
looming!landscape!of!scraggly!larch!and!majestic!spruce!trees,!lucent!with!light!
flooding!through!broadly:spaced!boughs.!Now!and!then!we!passed!rushing!
streams!blue!with!the!sky,!glittering!with!the!sun.!!
50! “Look!at!this!mud!”!said!Volodya,!wrestling!with!his!steering!wheel.!“They!dare!
call!it!a!government!highway!!Just!this!winter,!wolves!tore!a!woman!to!pieces!out!
here.”!He!was!smiling!with!pride.!“Siberia!!I!like!the!peace!and!quiet!here.!You!
can’t!leave!Siberia!once!you!learn!to!live!here.!Here!I!have!my!peace!and!quiet.”!!
A!minor!explosion!sounded!from!the!front!of!the!car.!A!tyre!had!blown!out.!We!
55! stopped.!Volodya!continued!to!talk!as!he!wrestled!the!spare!tyre!free!from!the!
debris!in!the!back!of!the!car.!After!we!had!finished!changing!tyres,!I!stepped!
away!from!the!road!and!walked!to!the!edge!of!the!forest.!Here!it!was!all!birch!
trees,!leaves!so!green!they!seemed!to!glow,!and!trunks!gleaming!white!as!if!
freshly!painted.!Bumblebees!buzzed!around!my!ankles;!a!giant!fly!sailed!out!of!
60! the!foliage!and!took!to!circling!me.!Soon!I!was!standing!in!a!cloud!of!fat!insects,!
all!swirling!slowly!as!if!drunk!from!the!heat!and!the!sun.!!
“Hey,!get!away!from!the!woods!”!Volodya!shouted.!“You!can!get!a!disease!from!
the!grass!and!catch!encephalitis*!!You!could!be!dead!in!a!day!out!here!!Siberia!”!
!
*verdant!–!covered!with!green!plant!growth!!
*hinterland!–!the!remote!or!less:developed!part!of!a!country!!
*encephalitis!–!a!disease!of!the!brain!
 PRACTICE(PAPER(6:(QUESTIONS(
(
You!should!spend!about!1!hour!30!minutes!on!this!section.!
!
The(following(questions(are(based(on(the(text(above:(‘Siberia!’*
1!From!lines!1:2,!select!two!words!or!phrases!used!to!describe!the!plane.!
2!Look!again!at!lines!13:27.!In!your!own!words,!describe!the!problems!the!
writer!faces!before!boarding!the!plane.!
3!From!lines!44:61!what!do!you!learn!about!the!writer’s!experience!on!the!
drive?!You!may!support!your!points!with!brief!quotations.!
!
Remind(yourself(of(the(extract((in(your(anthology)(Beyond*the*Earth*and*
Sky!
4!In!what!ways!does!the!writer!use!language!and!structure!to!show!her!feelings!
about!Bhutan?!You!should!support!your!answer!with!close!reference!to!the!
extract,!including!brief!quotations.!
!
Question(5(is(based(on(both(Text(One(and(Text(Two(from(the(Extracts(
Booklet.!!
5!Compare!how!the!writers!present!their!ideas!and!perspectives!about!their!
experiences.!Support!your!answer!with!detailed!examples!from!both!texts,!
including!brief!quotations.!
!
!
!
!
!
 PRACTICE(PAPER(7((
• Text(One((Unseen):(Running(Away(
• Text(Two:(Chinese(Cinderella(
(
Text(One:(Running(Away(
(
Waris&is&a&young&girl,&living&with&her&family&in&the&desert&in&Somalia,&in&Africa.&She&
decides&to&run&away&because&her&father&arranges&a&marriage&for&her&with&a&very&old&
man.&&
&
A"slight"sound"awoke"me,"and"when"I"opened"my"eyes,"I"was"staring"into"the"face"
of"a"lion."Riveted"awake,"my"eyes"stretched"wide"–"very"wide"–"as"if"to"expand"
enough"to"contain"the"animal"in"front"of"me."I"tried"to"stand"up,"but"I"hadn’t"eaten"
for"several"days,"so"my"weak"legs"wobbled"and"folded"beneath"me."Collapsing,"I"
5" slumped"back"against"the"tree"where"I"had"been"resting,"sheltered"from"the"
African"desert"sun"that"becomes"so"merciless"at"noon."I"quietly"leaned"my"head"
back,"closed"my"eyes,"and"felt"the"rough"bark"of"the"tree"pressing"into"my"skull."
The"lion"was"so"near"I"could"smell"his"musty"scent"in"the"hot"air."I"spoke"to"God:"
“It’s"the"end"for"me,"my"God."Please"take"me"now.”""
10" My"long"journey"across"the"desert"had"come"to"an"end."I"had"no"protection,"no"
weapon."Nor"the"strength"to"run."I"knew"I"couldn’t"beat"the"lion"up"the"tree,"
because"with"their"strong"claws,"lions"are"excellent"climbers."By"the"time"I"got"
half"way"up"–"BOOM"–"one"swipe"and"I’d"be"gone."Without"any"fear,"I"opened"my"
eyes"again"and"said"to"the"lion,"“Come"and"get"me."I’m"ready"for"you.”""
15" He"was"a"beautiful"male"with"a"mane"of"golden"hair"and"a"long"tail"switching"back"
and"forth"to"flick"the"flies"away."He"was"five"or"six"years"old,"young"and"healthy."I"
knew"he"could"crush"me"instantly;"he"was"the"king."All"my"life"I’d"watched"those"
paws"take"down"wildebeest"and"zebras"weighing"hundreds"of"pounds"more"than"
me.""
20" The"lion"stared"at"me"and"slowly"blinked"his"honeyTcoloured"eyes."My"brown"
eyes"stared"back,"locked"on"his."“Go"on."Take"me"now.”"He"looked"at"me"again,"
then"looked"away."He"licked"his"lips"and"sat"down"on"his"haunches*."Then"the"
lion"rose"and"paced"back"and"forth"in"front"of"me"elegantly."Finally,"he"turned"…"
************************************************"
25" This"nightmare"journey"began"because"I"was"running"away"from"my"father."I"was"
about"thirteen"at"the"time"and"living"with"my"family"in"the"Somalian"desert,"when"
my"father"announced"he"had"arranged"my"marriage"to"an"old"man."While"my"
father"and"the"rest"of"the"family"were"still"sleeping,"my"mother"woke"me"and"
said,"“Go"now.”"Immediately"I"was"jolted"awake,"then"flooded"with"the"sick"
30" sensation"of"what"I"had"to"do."
I"shivered"and"walked"away"from"our"hut"with"my"mother."In"the"gloomy"light"I"
struggled"to"see"her"face,"trying"to"memorise"its"features,"because"I"wouldn’t"see"
that"face"again"for"a"long"time."I"had"planned"to"be"strong,"but"instead"choked"on"
my"tears"and"hugged"her"hard."“Go"–"go"before"he"wakes"up,”"she"said"softly"into"
35" my"ear."I"felt"her"arms"tighten"around"me."“You"just"be"very"careful."Careful!”"I"
ran"off"into"the"black"desert"night."
By"midday"I’d"travelled"deep"into"the"red"sand,"and"deep"into"my"own"thoughts."
Where"on"earth"was"I"going?"The"landscape"stretched"on"to"eternity,"the"sand"
broken"only"by"a"thorn"tree;"I"could"see"for"miles"and"miles."Hungry,"thirsty"and"
40" tired,"I"slowed"down"and"walked."What"was"going"to"happen"next?"
As"I"pondered"this"question,"I"thought"I"heard"a"voice:"“WTATRTITS"…"WTATRTITS"…"
.”"My"father"was"calling"me!"I"was"not"hearing"things;"it"was"my"father,"and"he"
was"getting"closer."He’d"tracked"me"down"by"following"my"footprints"through"the"
sand."Suddenly"I"looked"back"and"saw"him"coming"over"the"hill"behind"me."He’d"
45" spotted"me"too."Terrified"I"ran"faster."And"faster."It"was"as"if"we"were"surfing"
waves"of"sand;"I"flew"up"one"hill"and"he"glided"down"the"one"behind"me."On"and"
on"we"continued"for"hours.""
My"heart"pounding,"finally"I"stopped,"hiding"behind"a"bush,"and"looked"around."
Nothing."I"listened"closely."No"sound."Papa,"I"reasoned,"had"turned"around"to"try"
50" to"make"it"back"home,"because"now"the"sun"was"setting."He’d"have"to"run"back"
through"the"darkness,"listening"for"the"nightTtime"sounds"of"our"family,"tracing"
his"path"by"the"voices"of"children"screaming,"laughing,"the"animal"noises"of"the"
herds"mooing,"bleating."The"wind"carries"sounds"great"distances"across"the"
desert,"so"these"noises"acted"as"a"lighthouse"when"we"were"lost"in"the"night."
55" I"kept"running"until"the"sun"set,"the"light"was"gone,"and"the"night"was"so"black"I"
couldn’t"see."In"the"morning,"the"sun"burning"my"face"woke"me."I"got"up"and"
continued"to"run;"for"days"I"managed"to"keep"it"up."How"many"days?"I’m"not"sure."
All"I"know"is"that"for"me,"there"was"no"time;"there"was"only"hunger,"thirst,"fear,"
pain."At"midday"when"the"sun"was"at"its"hottest,"I"would"sit"under"a"tree"and"rest."
60" It"was"during"one"of"these"rests"that"I"fell"asleep"and"the"lion"woke"me"…"By"this"
point"I"no"longer"cared"about"my"freedom;"I"just"wanted"to"go"back"home"to"
Mama."
(
*haunches"–"the"hind"parts"of"an"animal"
(
(
 PRACTICE(PAPER(7:(QUESTIONS(
(
You"should"spend"about"1"hour"30"minutes"on"this"section."
"
The(following(questions(are(based(on(the(text(above:(‘Running'Away.’'
1"From"lines"11T13,"select"two"words"or"phrases"used"to"describe"the"lion"and"
its"strength."
2"Look"again"at"lines"25T36."In"your"own"words,"describe"what"had"happened"to"
make"the"writer"run"away."
3"From"lines"41T56"what"do"you"learn"about"the"writer’s"experience"of"running"
away?"You"may"support"your"points"with"brief"quotations."
"
Remind(yourself(of(the(extract((in(your(anthology)(Chinese'Cinderella"
4"In"what"ways"does"the"writer"use"language"and"structure"to"show"her"feelings"
about"future?"You"should"support"your"answer"with"close"reference"to"the"
extract,"including"brief"quotations."
"
Question(5(is(based(on(both(Text(One(and(Text(Two(from(the(Extracts(
Booklet.""
5"Compare"how"the"writers"present"their"ideas"and"perspectives"about"their"
experiences."Support"your"answer"with"detailed"examples"from"both"texts,"
including"brief"quotations."
(
"
 PRACTICE(PAPER(8(
• Text(One((Unseen):(Why(did(Daddy(always(have(to(
be(late?(
• Text(Two:(A(Game(of(Polo(with(a(Headless(Goat(
(
Text(One:(Why(did(Daddy(always(have(to(be(late?(
The$writer,$Ashley,$is$a$young$girl$living$in$Iran.$Her$father$is$driving$Ashley$and$her$
brother,$Cameron,$to$pick$up$their$mother$at$Tehran$airport.$Their$journey$begins$
on$a$dangerous$mountain$road.$
!
“Get!a!move!on,!you!donkeys!”!my!father!yelled,!leaning!on!the!car’s!horn.!!
All!over!the!road!lay!watermelons!that!had!fallen!out!of!the!back!of!a!van.!The!
driver!struggled!to!gather!them!up!as!the!sound!of!horns!grew!louder.!Behind!us,!
I!could!see!cars!and!trucks!strung!like!colourful!beads!around!the!mountain.!
5! Realising!it!was!futile,!the!driver!stuck!his!head!in!the!window!of!each!car,!urging!
us!to!take!some!of!the!melons.!Cameron!and!I!scampered!out!and!each!lugged!
one!back.!People!stopped!to!stretch!and!gossip!as!they!picked!up!their!melons,!
laughing!and!joking,!glad!to!take!a!break!from!driving.!
But!my!father!screamed!from!the!window!and!waved!his!fist.!“Let’s!go!”!
10! With!a!scowl,!the!driver!hurled!the!remaining!melons!down!the!slope!where!they!
burst!in!a!ragged!explosion!of!scarlet.!Cameron!and!I!were!happy!because!we!
both!had!a!melon!rolling!around!under!our!feet,!and!after!weeks!of!not!knowing!
when!or!if!we!would!see!our!mother!again,!we!were!on!our!way!to!pick!her!up!at!
the!airport.!
15! My!father!wrestled!our!old!grey!Rover!car!around!one!hairpin!bend!after!
another,!trying!to!make!up!for!lost!time.!Even!without!the!delay!of!the!melons!we!
were!hard!pressed.!We!were!on!the!dangerous!Chaloos!road,!making!our!way!to!
the!airport!at!Tehran.!Cameron!and!I!counted!the!lorry!skeletons!and!car!
carcasses!that!littered!the!slopes.!After!a!while!we!rolled!up!the!windows.!It!had!
20! grown!chilly!once!the!fiery!sun!plummeted!behind!the!peaks.!Cameron!fell!asleep!
and!I!chattered!away,!terrified!my!father!would!go!too!fast!and!get!us!killed.!He!
hardly!braked!at!each!blind!corner.!As!usual,!my!father!had!left!too!late.!I!lay!on!
the!seat!next!to!Cameron!and!wondered!what!it!would!be!like!to!see!Mummy!
again.!I!wondered!whether!she!would!be!happier,!whether!she!and!Daddy!would!
25! still!fight!all!the!time,!whether!we!would!finally!be!able!to!go!back!to!school!and!
live!in!our!flat!with!our!dog.!
I!awoke!to!the!honks!and!cries!of!Tehran.!Dawn!fought!its!way!through!the!dust!
and!diesel!exhaust,!pausing!briefly!before!the!attack!of!the!desert!sun.!Men!on!
bicycles!veered!in!front!of!our!car.!A!flock!of!fatRtailed!sheep!and!longReared!
30! goats,!bells!around!their!necks!clinking!and!clanking,!were!shooed!through!the!
traffic!by!a!barefoot!boy.!The!jangled!lullaby!of!the!city!soothed!me:!we!really!
were!on!our!way!to!the!airport!to!pick!up!our!mother.!!
But!then!suddenly!the!car!slammed!to!a!stop,!tipping!at!a!crazy!angle.!Craning!
out!of!the!window,!I!could!see!the!back!of!the!car!sunk!in!a!hole!in!the!road.!After!
35! having!successfully!negotiated!the!Chaloos!road,!my!father!hadn’t!seen,!in!the!
halfRlight!of!dawn,!the!deep!pit!in!the!middle!of!the!road.!He!rested!his!head!
against!the!steering!wheel,!his!eyes!closed,!breathing!heavily.!After!some!time,!he!
opened!the!door!and!peered!under!the!car.!Weaving!his!way!through!the!earlyR
morning!traffic!to!the!centre!of!the!roundabout,!he!waved!to!the!passing!cars,!his!
40! arms!flailing*.!His!face!looked!baggy,!his!shirt!stenciled!with!dust.!Finally!he!
flagged!down!an!army!jeep!and!a!group!of!laughing!young!soldiers!leaped!out.!
“Ashley,”!he!said,!“take!Cameron!over!to!the!side!until!we!get!the!car!out.”!We!
dodged!between!the!rushing!cars!and!watched!as!they!tied!the!rope!to!the!back!
of!the!jeep!and!front!of!our!car.!Then,!with!one!soldier!driving!the!jeep,!the!
45! others!pushed!the!back!of!the!Rover.!My!father!lay!on!the!road,!practically!under!
the!car,!trying!to!lever!the!wheel!out!of!the!hole.!I!felt!my!back!grow!warmer!and!
then!finally!hot!as!the!sun!rose!behind!us.!Over!and!over!the!soldiers!grunted!and!
pushed,!and!my!father!threw!himself!at!the!job!until,!after!what!seemed!like!
hours,!I!saw!the!tyre!roll!towards!his!face.!I!squeezed!my!eyes!shut!and!wiggled!
50! my!fingers!in!my!ears,!humming!softly,!“Don’t!run!him!over,!don’t!run!him!over.”!
“It’s!out!”!Cameron!shouted.!My!father!dusted!off!his!trousers!and!we!were!off!
again.!!
********************************!!
Over!the!next!few!days,!when!we!were!all!settled!back!into!our!flat,!happy!to!see!
55! Mummy!and!the!dog,!I!tried!to!explain!to!my!mother!how!hard!we!had!tried,!how!
fast!we!had!driven,!how!much!time!the!watermelons!had!taken,!how!we!had!not!
eaten!on!that!long!overnight!drive,!how!brave!Daddy!had!been,!lying!under!the!
wheel!of!the!car.!How!it!was!all!down!to!bad!luck.!!
She!just!pressed!her!lips!together.!“It’s!always!something!with!your!father,!isn’t!
60! it?”!she!said!finally.!!
That!made!me!think:!why!hadn’t!we!left!a!day!earlier?!Why!hadn’t!we!stocked!
the!fridge!and!bought!flowers!and!then!met!her!at!the!airport!and!taken!her!
home?!Why!did!Daddy!always!have!to!be!late!when!it!came!to!Mummy?!
!
!
*flailing:!waving!wildly!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
 PRACTICE(PAPER(8:(QUESTIONS(
(
You!should!spend!about!1!hour!30!minutes!on!this!section.!
!
The(following(questions(are(based(on(the(text(above:(‘Why%did%Daddy%
always%have%to%be%late?’%
1!From!lines!6R8,!select!two!words!or!phrases!used!to!describe!the!mood!of!
everyone!as!they!select!their!melons.!
2!Look!again!at!lines!33R41.!In!your!own!words,!describe!what!happens!when!
the!car!stops.!
3!From!lines!15R32,!what!do!you!learn!about!the!writer’s!feelings!about!going!to!
pick!up!her!mother?!You!may!support!your!points!with!brief!quotations.!
!
Remind(yourself(of(the(extract((in(your(anthology)(A%Game%of%Polo%with%a%
Headless%Goat!
4!In!what!ways!does!the!writer!use!language!and!structure!to!show!the!
excitement!of!the!race?!You!should!support!your!answer!with!close!reference!to!
the!extract,!including!brief!quotations.!
!
Question(5(is(based(on(both(Text(One(and(Text(Two(from(the(Extracts(
Booklet.!!
5!Compare!how!the!writers!present!their!ideas!and!perspectives!about!their!
experiences.!Support!your!answer!with!detailed!examples!from!both!texts,!
including!brief!quotations.!
(
!
!
!
 PRACTICE(PAPER(9(
• Text(One((Unseen):(A(Sad(Farewell(
• Text(Two:(A(Passage(to(Africa(
(
Text(One:(A(Sad(Farewell(
The$writer$is$a$young$boy$who$is$taken$to$the$railway$station$to$see$soldiers$
departing$for$the$Second$World$War.$$
$
It#was#still#early#in#the#morning#when#I#left#the#house#with#my#mother#and#
grandmother.#The#sky#was#just#beginning#to#grow#light.#It#was#cold#with#white#
frost#covering#the#roads#and#pavements,#and#I#stuck#my#hands#in#the#pockets#of#
my#coat#to#keep#warm.##
5# “Where#are#we#going?”#I#asked#my#mother.#
“You’ll#see#soon#enough,”#was#all#the#reply#I#received.#
Still#curious,#I#asked#my#grandmother#the#same#question.#
“We’re#going#to#the#railway#station#to#see#the#soldiers#off.”#
“But#where#are#the#soldiers#going?”#I#persisted.#
10# “They’re#going#across#the#sea#to#fight,”#my#grandmother#answered.#
As#we#drew#near#the#railway#station#we#became#part#of#a#large#crowd#queuing#to#
go#inside.#Everybody#was#trying#to#get#to#the#front#of#the#barriers#the#police#had#
put#on#the#platforms.#The#soldiers#were#now#lining#up#on#the#other#side#of#the#
barriers#awaiting#the#arrival#of#the#trains.#We#were#pushed#about#and#I#held#on#
15# tight#to#my#grandmother’s#hand#as#the#crowd#shoved#their#way#around#us.#Then#
by#a#stroke#of#luck#we#found#ourselves#on#the#bridge#that#spanned#the#railtracks#
and#joined#the#two#platforms.#I#felt#a#little#bit#crushed#but#now#I#had#an#excellent#
view#of#everything#that#was#happening.#
By#this#stage#both#platforms#were#packed#with#soldiers#milling#around,#waving#
20# and#sometimes#calling#to#someone#they#knew#in#the#crowd.#I#gripped#the#cold#
iron#railings#so#I#wouldn’t#lose#my#place.#I#passed#the#time#by#watching#people’s#
breath#making#small#clouds#of#steam#in#the#freezing#air.#It#wasn’t#long#before#
there#was#a#tremendous#rumbling.#The#earth#shook#and#the#bridge#trembled#in#
protest#at#the#roaring#blast#of#a#monstrous#steamNpowered#railway#engine#as#it#
25# thundered#into#view.#It#belched#clouds#of#steam#and#groaned#and#hissed#its#way#
into#the#station#like#a#giant#living#thing.#Then#a#hush#descended#over#the#crowd#of#
public#onlookers#and#soldiers#alike.#Next,#there#came#the#sound#of#many#carriage#
doors#slamming#as#the#soldiers#began#to#embark.#Somewhere#in#the#midst#of#all#
the#noise#a#baby#could#be#heard#crying.##
30# As#the#hush#of#expectancy#was#broken#there#was#a#feverish#onset#of#talking#again#
within#the#crowd.#Some#people#on#the#platform#started#shouting#messages#to#
loved#ones#they#thought#they#might#never#see#again#and#the#station#was#filled#
with#an#anguish#that#was#tangible:#the#air#itself#seemed#to#vibrate#with#emotions#
of#imminent#separation#and#desperation#at#the#going#of#the#soldiers.#Tension#
35# wracked#the#atmosphere#of#the#station#and#impassioned#the#crowd.#
 One#soldier#was#suddenly#singled#out#for#everyone’s#attention.#I#could#see#him#
talking#to#some#of#the#officers#who#nodded#at#him#and#then#I#knew#that#
something#special#was#about#to#happen.#
Suddenly#he#drew#himself#up,#standing#alone#on#the#platform#and#in#a#clear#tenor#
40# voice#that#carried#all#over#the#station#he#began#to#sing.#At#the#sound#of#his#voice#
all#the#other#sounds#slowly#stopped#and#all#talking#was#hushed.#A#wave#of#
emotion#swept#through#the#assembled#throng.#Then#the#waiting#crowd#gradually#
began#to#join#in.#The#songs#they#sang#seemed#to#be#cheerful#and#yet#had#a#deep#
and#pervading#sadness#about#them#as#mothers,#wives#and#children#became#
45# aware#what#it#would#be#like#to#lose#a#loved#one#in#this#hateful#war.#
Finally#all#the#soldiers#had#boarded#the#train.#Some#of#them#leant#out#of#the#
carriage#windows,#still#singing,#whilst#the#train,#in#contrast#to#its#noisy#arrival,#
started#to#pull#away#almost#in#silence#as#if#in#deference#to#the#heartache#of#the#
sad#situation.#The#tune#they#sang#rang#out#loudly#through#the#station#in#a#defiant#
50# as#well#as#hopeful#tone:#“We’ll#meet#again,#don’t#know#where,#don’t#know#when,#
but#I#know#we’ll#meet#again#some#sunny#day#…”##
As#the#train#gathered#momentum#and#finally#disappeared#into#the#grey#light#of#a#
bleak#winter’s#day,#the#singing#gradually#petered#out.#Handkerchiefs#that#had#
been#used#to#wave#goodbye#were#now#pressed#into#service#to#wipe#away#tears#as#
55# the#crowd#slowly#and#quietly#left#the#station#in#a#kind#of#reverential#calm.#Gone#
was#the#excited#babble#of#the#last#two#hours#replaced#by#looks#of#grimNfaced#
reality#as,#alone#with#their#thoughts,#everyone#made#their#way#home.
 PRACTICE(PAPER(9:(QUESTIONS(
(
You#should#spend#about#1#hour#30#minutes#on#this#section.#
#
The(following(questions(are(based(on(the(text(above:(‘A#Sad#Farewell.’#
1#From#lines#1N4,#select#two#words#or#phrases#used#to#describe#the#time#of#day#
and#the#weather.#
2#Look#again#at#lines#11N18.#In#your#own#words,#describe#the#writer’s#
experiences#when#they#arrive#at#the#railway#station.#
3#From#lines#30N45#what#do#you#learn#about#the#mood#of#the#people#in#the#
station?#You#may#support#your#points#with#brief#quotations.#
#
Remind(yourself(of(the(extract((in(your(anthology)(A#Passage#to#Africa#
4#In#what#ways#does#the#writer#use#language#and#structure#to#makes#the#reader#
feel#pity#and#sympthy?#You#should#support#your#answer#with#close#reference#to#
the#extract,#including#brief#quotations.#
#
Question(5(is(based(on(both(Text(One(and(Text(Two(from(the(Extracts(
Booklet.#5#Compare#how#the#writers#present#their#ideas#and#perspectives#about#
their#experiences.#Support#your#answer#with#detailed#examples#from#both#texts,#
including#brief#quotations.#
(
#
#
 PRACTICE(PAPER(10(
• Text(One((Unseen):(He(for(She(
• Text(Two:(The(Danger(of(a(Single(Story(
(
Text(One:(He(For(She(
Speech by UN Women Goodwill Ambassador Emma Watson at a special event
for the He For She campaign, United Nations Headquarters, New York, 20
September 2014
(
Today&we&are&launching&a&campaign&called&“He&For&She.”&I&am&reaching&out&to&you&
because&I&need&your&help.&We&want&to&end&gender&inequality—and&to&do&that&we&
need&everyone&to&be&involved.&
This&is&the&first&campaign&of&its&kind&at&the&UN:&we&want&to&try&and&galvanize&as&
5& many&men&and&boys&as&possible&to&be&advocates&for&gender&equality.&And&we&
don’t&just&want&to&talk&about&it,&but&make&sure&it&is&tangible.&
I&was&appointed&six&months&ago&and&the&more&I&have&spoken&about&feminism&the&
more&I&have&realized&that&fighting&for&women’s&rights&has&too&often&become&
synonymous&with&manMhating.&If&there&is&one&thing&I&know&for&certain,&it&is&that&
10& this&has&to&stop.&
For&the&record,&feminism&by&definition&is:&“The&belief&that&men&and&women&should&
have&equal&rights&and&opportunities.&It&is&the&theory&of&the&political,&economic&and&
social&equality&of&the&sexes.”&
I&started&questioning&genderMbased&assumptions&when&at&eight&I&was&confused&at&
15& being&called&“bossy,”&because&I&wanted&to&direct&the&plays&we&would&put&on&for&
our&parents—but&the&boys&were&not.&
When&at&14&I&started&being&sexualized&by&certain&elements&of&the&press.&When&at&
15&my&girlfriends&started&dropping&out&of&their&sports&teams&because&they&didn’t&
want&to&appear&“muscly.”&When&at&18&my&male&friends&were&unable&to&express&
20& their&feelings.&
I&decided&I&was&a&feminist&and&this&seemed&uncomplicated&to&me.&But&my&recent&
research&has&shown&me&that&feminism&has&become&an&unpopular&word.&
Apparently&I&am&among&the&ranks&of&women&whose&expressions&are&seen&as&too&
strong,&too&aggressive,&isolating,&antiMmen&and,&unattractive.&
25& Why&is&the&word&such&an&uncomfortable&one?&
I&am&from&Britain&and&think&it&is&right&that&as&a&woman&I&am&paid&the&same&as&my&
male&counterparts.&I&think&it&is&right&that&I&should&be&able&to&make&decisions&about&
my&own&body.&I&think&it&is&right&that&women&be&involved&on&my&behalf&in&the&
policies&and&decisionMmaking&of&my&country.&I&think&it&is&right&that&socially&I&am&
30& afforded&the&same&respect&as&men.&But&sadly&I&can&say&that&there&is&no&one&
country&in&the&world&where&all&women&can&expect&to&receive&these&rights.&
No&country&in&the&world&can&yet&say&they&have&achieved&gender&equality.&
In&1995,&Hilary&Clinton&made&a&famous&speech&in&Beijing&about&women’s&rights.&
Sadly&many&of&the&things&she&wanted&to&change&are&still&a&reality&today.&
35& But&what&stood&out&for&me&the&most&was&that&only&30&per&cent&of&her&audience&
were&male.&How&can&we&affect&change&in&the&world&when&only&half&of&it&is&invited&
or&feel&welcome&to&participate&in&the&conversation?&
Men—I&would&like&to&take&this&opportunity&to&extend&your&formal&invitation.&
Gender&equality&is&your&issue&too.&
40& Because&to&date,&I’ve&seen&my&father’s&role&as&a&parent&being&valued&less&by&
society&despite&my&needing&his&presence&as&a&child&as&much&as&my&mother’s.&
I’ve&seen&young&men&suffering&from&mental&illness&unable&to&ask&for&help&for&fear&
it&would&make&them&look&less&“macho”—in&fact&in&the&UK&suicide&is&the&biggest&
killer&of&men&between&20M49&years&of&age;&eclipsing&road&accidents,&cancer&and&
45& coronary&heart&disease.&I’ve&seen&men&made&fragile&and&insecure&by&a&distorted&
sense&of&what&constitutes&male&success.&Men&don’t&have&the&benefits&of&equality&
either.&&&
We&don’t&often&talk&about&men&being&imprisoned&by&gender&stereotypes&but&I&can&
see&that&that&they&are&and&that&when&they&are&free,&things&will&change&for&women&
50& as&a&natural&consequence.&If&men&don’t&have&to&be&aggressive&in&order&to&be&
accepted&women&won’t&feel&compelled&to&be&submissive.&If&men&don’t&have&to&
control,&women&won’t&have&to&be&controlled.&Both&men&and&women&should&feel&
free&to&be&sensitive.&Both&men&and&women&should&feel&free&to&be&strong…&It&is&
time&that&we&all&perceive&gender&on&a&spectrum&not&as&two&opposing&sets&of&
55& ideals.&
If&we&stop&defining&each&other&by&what&we&are&not&and&start&defining&ourselves&by&
what&we&are—we&can&all&be&freer&and&this&is&what&He&For&She&is&about.&It’s&about&
freedom.&&
I&want&men&to&take&up&this&mantle.&So&their&daughters,&sisters&and&mothers&can&be&
60& free&from&prejudice&but&also&so&that&their&sons&have&permission&to&be&vulnerable&
and&human&too—reclaim&those&parts&of&themselves&they&abandoned&and&in&doing&
so&be&a&more&true&and&complete&version&of&themselves.&
You&might&be&thinking&who&is&this&Harry&Potter&girl?&And&what&is&she&doing&up&on&
stage&at&the&UN.&It’s&a&good&question&and&trust&me,&I&have&been&asking&myself&the&
65& same&thing.&I&don’t&know&if&I&am&qualified&to&be&here.&All&I&know&is&that&I&care&
about&this&problem.&And&I&want&to&make&it&better.&
And&having&seen&what&I’ve&seen—and&given&the&chance—I&feel&it&is&my&duty&to&say&
something.&English&Statesman&Edmund&Burke&said:&“All&that&is&needed&for&the&
forces&of&evil&to&triumph&is&for&enough&good&men&and&women&to&do&nothing.”&
70& In&my&nervousness&for&this&speech&and&in&my&moments&of&doubt&I’ve&told&myself&
firmly—if&not&me,&who,&if&not&now,&when.&If&you&have&similar&doubts&when&
opportunities&are&presented&to&you&I&hope&those&words&might&be&helpful.&
Because&the&reality&is&that&if&we&do&nothing&it&will&take&75&years,&or&for&me&to&be&
nearly&a&hundred&before&women&can&expect&to&be&paid&the&same&as&men&for&the&
75& same&work.&15.5&million&girls&will&be&married&in&the&next&16&years&as&children.&
And&at&current&rates&it&won’t&be&until&2086&before&all&rural&African&girls&will&be&
able&to&receive&a&secondary&education.&
 If&you&believe&in&equality,&you&might&be&one&of&those&inadvertent&feminists&I&spoke&
of&earlier.&
80& And&for&this&I&applaud&you.&
We&are&struggling&for&a&uniting&word&but&the&good&news&is&we&have&a&uniting&
movement.&It&is&called&He&For&She.&I&am&inviting&you&to&step&forward,&to&be&seen&to&
speak&up,&to&be&the&"he"&for&"she".&And&to&ask&yourself&if&not&me,&who?&If&not&now,&
when?&
&
&
PRACTICE(PAPER(10:(QUESTIONS(
(
You&should&spend&about&1&hour&30&minutes&on&this&section.&
&
The(following(questions(are(based(on(the(text(above:(‘He$for$She’$
1&From&lines&21M24,&select&two&words&or&phrases&associated&with&the&word&
‘feminism’.&
2&Look&again&at&lines&26M31.&In&your&own&words,&describe&the&rights&that&Watson&
thinks&every&woman&should&be&entitled&to.&
3&From&lines&40M62&what&do&you&learn&about&the&issues&of&gender&equality&for&
men?&You&should&support&your&answer&with&close&reference&to&the&extract,&
including&brief&quotations.&
&
Remind(yourself(of(the(extract((in(your(anthology)(The$Danger$of$a$Single$
Story?&
4&In&what&ways&does&the&writer&use&language&and&structure&to&persuade&the&
reader?&You&should&support&your&answer&with&close&reference&to&the&extract,&
including&brief&quotations.&
&
Question(5(is(based(on(both(Text(One(and(Text(Two(from(the(Extracts(
Booklet.&&
5&Compare&how&the&writers&present&their&ideas&and&perspectives&about&the&
experiences.&Support&your&answer&with&detailed&examples&from&both&texts,&
including&brief&quotation.