1. Constitution is defined as the fundamental law of the nation or state.

-It establishes the character and basic principles of

the government. -It is these same principles that makes clear the rights of the individuals and the limitations to government
power. It is described as the highest expression of the law. As we all know that the Constitution of any country is the
supreme and fundamental law of the land. Any act contradicted with the constitution will ipso facto be void. The
Constitution is a document that includes guidelines for the government, protects the fundamental rights of a citizen, and
encapsulates society’s aspirational goals.

The constitution is known as the supreme law of the land because no central, state or local government can intervene with
the rights, duties, privileges, laws, and regulations as mentioned in the Constitution. The constitution is the source of law.
All laws passed will have to articulate and comply with the required principle set out in the Constitution. No legislation can
make a law and no government agency can act contrary to the constitution. The Constitution coordinates the whole
government process in the country. The judiciary is obligated to see that the provisions of the constitution are not violated
by any government organ.

Hence, The constitution is the main source of all law, no can the law be enacted, implemented being contradicted with the
Constitution. Constitution is the fundamental and Supreme Law. If any act is done against the constitution, it shall ipso facto
be void or null.

2. The Malolos constitution is the first important Filipino document ever produced by the people's representatives. It is
anchored in democratic traditions that ultimately had their roots in American soil. It created a Filipino state whose
government was "popular, representative and responsible" with three distinct branches -- the executive, the legislative and
the judicial. The constitution specifically provided for safeguards against abuses, and enumerated the national and
individual rights not only of the Filipinos and of the aliens.

The legislative powers were exercised by the Assembly of Representatives composed of delegates elected according to law.
To make the function of Congress continuous, the document provided for a Permanent Commission which would sit as a
law-making body when Congress was not in session. The assembly elected the President of the Republic. The Cabinet,
composed of the Secretaries of the different Departments of the government, was responsible not to the President, but to
the Assembly. The administration of justice was vested in the Supreme Court and in inferior courts to be established
according to law. The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court was to be elected by the Assembly with the concurrence of the
President and the Cabinet.

The constitution as a whole is a monument to the capacity of the Filipinos to chart their own course along democratic lines.
In a period of storm and stress, it symbolized the ideals of a people who had emerged from the Dark Ages into the Light of
Reason. It is essential because it gives way to the launching of the first Philippine Republic. It established the three distinct
branches- the Executive, Legislative and Judicial branches. The Malolos constitution also recognized the freedom of religion
and the separation of the Church and State.

3. In my honest opinion the separation of state and church in the Philippines is never been observed. Mostly the Catholic
Church is the culprit, they do not inhibit their priests in participating in social protest that are of little bearings to their
Christian teachings. The most popular is the unabated population growth where the church hierarchy opposed the
implementations of government programs to mitigate poor constituents to stop unplanned birth that they don’t have the
capacity to support which the church itself do not have the means to help such a large and neglected children mostly
roaming in busy and narrow dirty streets. Some catholic priest and nuns are also seen supporting communist terrorist that
the government wants to eradicate and whose ideologies differs from that of their religious ethics yet the church hierarchy
seems to be blinded by it. Some catholic bishops continues asking corrupt government high ranking officials for donations in
order to support building or renovating churches and their missionary works in remote places of the country knowing that
those money comes from illegal sources. The catholic hierarchy don’t seem to mind that there are more non practicing
Catholics neglected by the church who are slowly enriching themselves by creating their own religious cult and enticing
more people to join them.