Faculty tof tComputing, tEngineering tand tScience

Module tCode: Module tTitle: Module tTeam:

tNG2S111 Mechanics tof tMaterials tand tDr tJ. tBai

tStructures

Assessment tTitle tand tTasks: Assessment tNo.

See tsection tAssessment tDetails 1 tof t2

Date tSet: Submission tDate: Return tDate:

12-Oct-21 06-Dec-21 24-Jan-22

Assessment tCover tSheet t2021-22

IT tIS tYOUR tRESPONSIBILITY tTO tKEEP tRECORDS tOF tALL tWORK

tSUBMITTED

Marking tand
tAssessment

This tassignment twill tbe tmarked tout tof t100%

This tassignment tcontributes tto t40% tof tthe ttotal tmodule tmarks.

Learning tOutcomes tto tbe tassessed t(as tspecified tin tthe tvalidated
tmodule tdescriptor thttps://icis.southwales.ac.uk/ t):

As tdescribed tin tthe tdescriptor tat tabove tlink

Marking tCriteria/Marking tScheme

See tsection tAssessment tDetails

Feedback tMethod

Online tthrough tBlackboard

Provisional tmark tonly: tsubject tto tchange tand t/ tor tconfirmation tby tthe
tAssessment tBoard
ASSESSMENT tDETAILS

Structural tMechanics tand tDesign

In tthis tcoursework, tyou tare trequired tto tcomplete tthe tfollowing ttasks.

PART t1: tEXPERIMENTAL tWORK tAND tSTRUCTURAL tANALYSIS tOF tA tPROPPED tCANTILEVER
 Students tare trequired tto tcarry tout tan texperimental twork ton ta tpropped tcantilever tto
tobtain treactions tat tpropped tsupport tunder ttwo-point tloads.
 Carry tout tstructural tanalysis ton tthe tabove tcantilever tusing tMohr tI tand tII ttheorems tto
tget tcalculated tvalues tbased ton texperimental tload tarrangement
 Compare tthe texperimental tresults twith tcalculated tvalues tand tdiscuss tthe toutcomes
 Based ton tcalculated tvalues twith tyour tload tarrangement tto tdraw tshear tforce tand
tbending tmoment tdiagrams tfor tthe tcantilever

Introduction
When ta tstructure tis tsubjected tto tthe taction tof tapplied tloads teach tmember tundergoes
tdeformation tdue tto twhich tthe taxis tof tstructure tis tdeflected tfrom tits toriginal tposition. tThe
tdeflections talso toccur tdue tto ttemperature tvariations tand tlack-of-fit tof tmembers. tThe
tdeflections tof tstructures tare timportant tfor tensuring tthat tthe tdesigned tstructure tis tnot
texcessively tflexible. tThe tlarge tdeformations tin tthe tstructures tcan tcause tdamage tor tcracking
tof tnon-structural telements. tThe tdeflection tin tbeams tis tdependent ton tthe tacting tbending
tmoments tand tits tflexural tstiffness. tThe tcomputation t of tdeflections tin tstructures tis talso
trequired tfor tsolving tthe tstatically tindeterminate tstructures.

As ta tsupport tis tfixed tsupport. tTherefore twe thave tto tuse tan timaginary tspan tnear tthe tfixed
tend tas tshown tin tfig
1) tFree tbending tmoment
For tSpan tAB tBM tat tC=wL28=5×(4)28=10kN.mwL28=5×(4)28=10kN.m
2) tFree tBending tMoment tdiagram

3) tApplying ttheorem tof tthree tmoments tor telapeyron's ttheorem

For tSpan tA1−A−BA1−A−B
MA1l1+2MA(l1+l2)+MBl2+6A1x1l1+6A2x2l2=0MA1l1+2MA(l1+l2)+MBl2+6A1x1l1+6A2x2l2=0
As tA1A1 tis tan timaginary tSpan
MA1=0 tl1=0MA1=0 tl1=0
0+2MA(0+4)+0+0+6×26.67×24=00+2MA(0+4)+0+0+6×26.67×24=0
8MA=80.018MA=80.01
MA=80.018=−10kN.mMA=80.018=−10kN.m
MA=−10kN.mMA=−10kN.m
 4) tFind tReaction tat tSupport

∑mB=0∑mB=0
−RB×4+5×4×42−10=0−RB×4+5×4×42−10=0
RB=7.5kN t∑Fy=0(+ve)RB=7.5kN t∑Fy=0(+ve)
−(5×4)+7.5+RB=0−(5×4)+7.5+RB=0
RA=12.5kN−−−−−−−−−−−RA=12.5kN_
5)B.M.D t6) tS.F.D

Moment tArea tMethod

 Substituting tR tfrom tEq. t(4.2) tin tEq. t(4.1)

The ttotal tangle tchange t can tbe tobtained tby tintegrating tEq. t(4.3) tbetween
tpoints tA tand tB twhich tis texpressed tas

Area tof tM t/ tEI tdiagram tbetween tA tand tB t

(b)

The t difference t of t slope t between t any t two t points t on t a t continuous t elastic t curve t of t a
tbeam tis tequal tto tthe tarea tunder tthe tM t/ tEI tcurve tbetween tthese tpoints.

The tdistance tdt talong tthe tvertical tline tthrough tpoint tB tis tnearly tequal tto.
 Integration tof tdt tbetween tpoints tA tand tB tyield tthe tvertical tdistance t between tthe tpoint
tB tand tthe ttangent tfrom tpoint tA ton tthe telastic tcurve.
tThus,

since tthe tquantity tM /EI t represents tan tinfinitesimal tarea tunder tthe tM t/EI tdiagram t and
t distance t from t that tarea tto tpoint tB, tthe tintegral ton tright thand tside tof tEq. t(4.6) tcan tbe
tinterpreted tas tmoment tof tthe tarea tunder tthe tM/EI tdiagram tbetween tpoints tA tand tB tabout
tpoint tB t. tThis tis tthe tsecond tmoment tarea ttheorem.

If tA tand tB tare ttwo tpoints ton tthe tdeflected tshape tof ta tbeam, tthe tvertical tdistance tof
tpoint tB tfrom tthe ttangent tdrawn tto tthe telastic tcurve tat tpoint tA tis tequal tto tthe tmoment
tof tbending tmoment tdiagram tarea tbetween tthe tpoints tA tand tB tabout tthe tvertical tline
tfrom tpoint tB t, tdivided tby tEI t.

Sign tconvention tused there tcan tbe tremembered tkeeping tthe tsimply tsupported tbeam tof tFigure
t4.1 tin tmind. tA tsagging tmoment tis tthe tpositive tbending tmoment tdiagram tand thas t positive
t area. t Slopes tare tpositive tif tmeasured tin tthe tanti-clockwise tdirection. tPositive tdeviation t
indicates tthat tthe tpoint tB tlies tabove tthe ttangent tfrom tthe tpoint tA t.

PART t2: tSTRUCTURAL tDESIGN

Figure t1 tshows tpart tof ta tstructural tsteelwork tframing tplan tfor tthe tfirst tfloor tof ta tfour-
storey tbuilding.

Figure t1
The tcharacteristic tactions tare tas tfollows:
Floor: t self-weight tof tprecast tconcrete tslab tis t‘x’ tkN/m2
tWeight tof tfinishes t‘y’ tkN/m2
Imposed tload t‘z’ tkN/m2
Individual tvalues tof t'a', t'b', t'x', t'y', tand t'z' tare tgiven tby temail tor tin tclass.
Main ttasks tfor tPart t2
You tare trequired tto tproduce tdesign tcalculations tfor tthe tprimary tbeam tB t- tB twhich tis
tlaterally trestrained tonly tat tthe tsupports tand taction tpoints t(where tsecondary tbeams tA-A
tare tconnected).

Determine tthe tend tslope tand tdeflection tof tthe tmid-point tC tin tthe tbeam t

The tM t/ tEI tdiagram tof tthe tbeam tis tshown tin tFigure(a). tThe tslope tat tA t, t can t be
tobtained t by tcomputing tthe t using tthe tsecond tmoment tarea ttheorem ti.e.

(clockwise tdirection)

The tslope tat tB tcan tbe tobtained tby tusing tthe tfirst tmoment tarea ttheorem tbetween tpoints tA
tand tB ti.e.
 (anti-clockwise)

. tThe tnegative tsign tis

direction. tAs tper tsign tconvention ta tpositive tslope tis tin tthe tanti-clockwise tdirection)
The t deflection t at t the t centre t of t the t beam t can t be t obtained t with tthe thelp tof tthe

(downward tdirection)

tsecond tmoment tarea ttheorem tbetween tpoints tA tand tC ti.e.

Using tthe tmoment tarea tmethod, tdetermine tthe tslope tat tB tand tC tand tdeflection
tat tC tof tthe tcantilever tbeam tas tshown tin tFigure tThe tbeam tis tsubjected tto
tuniformly tdistributed tload tover tentire tlength tand tpoint tload tat tthe tfree tend.
tThe tmoment tcurves tproduced tby tthe tconcentrated tload, tW tand tthe tuniformly tdistributed
tload,w tare tplotted t separately tand tdivided tby tEI t(refer tFigures t4.3(b) tand t(c)). tThis tresults tin
tthe tsimple tgeometric tshapes tin twhich tthe tarea tand tlocations tof ttheir tcentroids tare tknown.

Since tthe tend tA tis tfixed, ttherefore, t . tApplying tthe tfirst tmoment-area ttheorem tbetween
tpoints tA tand tC

(negative tsign tis tdue tto thogging

tmoment)

(clockwise tdirection)

The tslope tat tB tcan tbe tobtained tby tapplying tthe tfirst tmoment tarea ttheorem tbetween tpoints tB
tand tC ti.e.

(clockwise tdirection)
 The tdeflection tat tC tis tequal tto tthe ttangential tdeviation tof tpoint tC tfrom tthe ttangent tto tthe
telastic tcurve tat tA t(see tFigure t4.3(d)).

= tmoment tof tareas tunder tM t/ tEI tcurves tbetween tA tand tC tin tFigures t4.3(b) tand t(c)
tabout tC

(downward
tdirection)

Determine tthe tend-slopes tand tdeflection tat tthe tcenter tof ta tnon-prismatic tsimply
tsupported tbeam. tThe tbeam tis tsubjected tto ta tconcentrated tload tat tthe tcenter.

tThe tM/EI tdiagram tof tthe tbeam tis tshown tin tFigure
Applying tsecond tmoment-area ttheorem tbetween tpoints tA tand tB t,

(clockwise tdirection)

Applying tfirst tmoment tarea ttheorem tbetween tA tand tC t.

(anti-clockwise tdirection)

Applying tsecond tmoment tarea ttheorem tbetween tA tand tC

t.
(downward tdirection)

Determine tthe tslope tand tdeflection tat tthe thinge tof tthe tbeam tshown tin tthe tFigure
(a).

Solution: tThe tbending tmoment tdiagram tis tshown tin tFigure t4.5(b).

Since tthe tend tA tis tfixed, ttherefore, t . t Applying tthe tfirst tmoment-area ttheorem
tbetween tpoints tA tand tB
(refer tFigure t4.5(c))

(clockwise tdirection)

Applying tsecond tmoment tarea ttheorem tbetween tpoints tA tand tB t,

(downward tdirection)

Applying tsecond tmoment tarea ttheorem tbetween tpoints tB tand tD t,

(anti-clockwise tdirection)

From tthe tfirst tmoment tarea ttheorem tbetween tpoints tB tand tD

t(clockwise tdirection)