WHY CONDUCT RESEARCH? b.

Gender causes on differences in abilities

Efficiency and Effectiveness in the profession 2.CorrelationaL- research determines the extent of a relationship between two or
The primary reason for conducting research is to foster optimum care for life. more variables using statistical data.
The scientific profession exists to provide service to society based on accurate a.Relationship between intelligence and friendliness
knowledge. The scientific method is conceived to be the most objective, systematic b.Student’s hours of study and their stress level
way of obtaining these knowledge 3.Descriptive-research provides systematic information about a phenomenon.
1.Gathers data or information on life situations or conditions about which little a.The attitudes of scientists regarding global warming
knowledge is available b.Impacts of Qatari diplomatic crisis on OFWs
2.Provides scientific knowledge from which theories emerge and develop 4.Evaluation- research provide a means to judge actions and activities in terms of
3.Helps correct, clarify and validate perceptions values, criteria and standards
4.Provides theoretical and scientific basis for scientific practice. a.Performance of newly-hired SH teachers in MMC for S.Y. 2017-2018
5.Defines the parameters of research and identifies its boundaries b.Water quality assessment of Boac River
6.Documents the social relevance and efficacy of scientific practices to people and 5.Experimental- research uses the scientific method to establish the cause-effect
environment relationship among a group of variables
7.Describes the characteristics of the phenomenon/situation about which little a.Levels of heavy metal bioaccumulation of Nypa fruticans from Boac River
knowledge is known b.Solar purification for water potability
8.Predicts probable outcomes of scientific decisions in relation to life comfort and 6.A survey is a brief interview or discussion with individuals about a specific topic
well being. a. Acceptance of Boakenos to Boac cityhood
9.Provides knowledge for purposes of problem solving and decision making b.Approval rate for Duterte Cabinet members
10.Develops and evaluates theories and concepts, and practices these for clarity Strengths
and validity of scientific actions 1.Fast speed data collection (sampling methods)
INTRODUCTION (Background of the Study)It is a brief statement of the origin of the 2.Findings can be generalized (if sample is from a population)
problem. It is an account describing the circumstances which suggested the 3.Easy to analyze data (use of statistical data)
research. It may include a justification of the selection of the study. It gives brief 4.Consistent and reliable data (use of research manipulations experiment, surveys
origin of the problem. etc)
Types of Research 5.Can be anonymous (for sensitive topic)
Qualitative- used to gain an understanding of underlying reasons, opinions, and Weaknesses
motivations. Used in social science and natural sciences 1.Requires a large number of respondents
Quantitative- deals in numbers, logic, and an objective stance. Quantitative 2.Costly and expensive
research focuses on numeric and unchanging data and detailed, convergent 3.Secondary data may be unavailable
reasoning rather than divergent reasoning. Used in psychology, marketing and 4.Many info are difficult to answer (sensitive topic)
political science 5.More structured research instruments
Characteristics of Quantitative Research Background of the Research
1.Objective- impartial, unbiased and neutral It identifies and describes the history and nature of a well-defined research problem
2.Clearly defined questions (What, Which, how much) with reference to the existing literature.
3.Structured research instruments (surveys, questionnaires, software) Statement of the Problem
4.Numerical data and statistical treatment (unbiased results) -reflected to the research title
5.Large sample size (represents a population) -The problem must not be answerable by yes or no
6.Replication (high reliability stable and consistent -must be arranged in the flow of the study
7.Future outcomes (new concepts and further studies) Research questions
Kinds of Quantitative Research (feasible,clear,significant,ethical)
1.Causal-comparative-research attempts to determine the cause or consequences Significance of the Study
of differences that already exist between or among groups of individuals. -The significance of the study will mainly focus on the question “Wh
a.Female and male employees and their job satisfaction o will benefit from the
study?”
-This states the contribution of your study and the usefulness of your study in the
society.
Scope and Delimitations of the Study
Parameters that prevent researchers from pursuing further studies due to time and
budgetary constraints
A. Scope- the coverage, range and period of the study
B.aDelimitations- weaknesses of the study beyond the control of the researcher
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH DESIGN. This allows the researcher to control
the situation. In doing so, it allows the researcher to answer the question, “What
causes something to occur?”
PRE-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN. A type of research apply to experimental
design that with least internal validity. One type of pre-experiment, the simple group,
pre-test-post-test design, measures the group two times, before and after the
intervention.
QUASI – EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN. In this design, the researcher can collect
more data, either by scheduling more observations or finding more existing
measures.
Non-Equivalent Control Group. This refers to the chance failure of random
assignment to equalize the conditions by converting a true experiment into this kind
of design, for purpose of analysis.
Interrupted Time Series Design. It employs multiple measures before and after the
experimental intervention. It differs from the single-group pre-experiment that has
only one pretest and one posttest.
TRUE-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN. It controls for both time-related and group-
related threats
NON-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN. In this kind of design, the researcher observes
the phenomena as they occur naturally and no external variables are introduced.
SURVEY. It is used to gather information from groups of people by
selecting and studying samples chosen from a population
CORRELATIONAL. It is conducted by researchers whose aim would be to find
out the direction, associations and/or relationship between different variables or
groups of respondents under study. Correlational Research has three types, these are:
Bivariate Correlational Studies – It obtains score from two variables for each
subject, and then uses them to calculate a correlation coefficient.
Prediction Studies – It uses correlation coefficient to show how one variable (the
predictor variable) predicts another (the criterion variable).
EX-POST FACTO or CAUSAL-COMPARATIVE.\
This kind of research derives conclusion from observations and manifestations that
already occurred in the past and now compared to some dependent variables.
COMPARATIVE. It involves comparing and contrasting two or more samples of
study subjects on one or more variables, often at a single point of time.
NORMATIVE. It describes the norm level of characteristics for a given behavior.
EVALUATIVE. It is a process used to determine what has happened during a given
activity or in an institution.
METHODOLOGICAL. In this approach, the implementation of a variety of
methodologies forms a critical part of achieving the goal of developing a scale-
matched approach, where data from different disciplines can be integrated.
Student’s Level of awareness of the existing School rules and regulationsof Dagohoy
National High School
-This study was conducted to know the possible reasons why thestudents violating
the school rules and regulations to determine also the relationof students
awareness on the campus rules and regulations. The students arethe representative
of the school outside the campus. They are expected to berespectful and courteous
to the teacher and costudents inside the campus or the people surrounding them
-The school rules and regulation have a big rule inside the school campusfor it
makes the school be regulated with peace and order to assure students’security
inside the school. The elements of the school rules that we consider include the
classroom rules, examination rules, and guiding interactionsbetween and among
students and interaction among the teacher and staff of the school
-The main thrust of this study is to determine the grade student’s levelof awareness
of the existing rules and regulations of Dagohoy National Highchool )DNH
Significance of the Study
The school rules and regulations have a big help to the school to alignthe curriculum
to address issues discipline among students. =earners withrelevant knowledge,
emphasi!e on maintenance of rules and regulations thatenhances discipline so as to
produce law abiding citi!ens. This study isimportant in order to determine the
perceptual effect of violating school rulesand regulation in the context of learning of
%unior and senior high students.
Data ,gathering and Procedure
The data of this study is through survey. The researchers prepared
onresearcher$made 2uestionnaire to be guided to conduct the interview to
getinformation that is helpful in studying of student level of awareness of
existingschool rules and regulations. This information will determine the key result
Instrument
To provide the data needed the researchers used a researcher made$2uestionnaire
to the study of student level of awareness existing rules andregulations. The
researcher guided the respondents in answering the2uestions
Statement of the Problem
The main thrust of this study is to determine the grade  student’s levelof
awareness of the existing rules and regulations of Dagohoy National Highchool )
DNH/.pecifically the researchers aim to answer the following 2uestions'.