STUDENT PROFILE

NAME OF THE STUDENTS : PRIYADHARSHINI. B

COURSE : M.Sc., NURSING ( I – YEAR )

SUBJECTS : MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING

TOPIC : “ BLOOD TRANSFUSION ”

LEVEL OF STUDENTS : I – YEAR M.Sc., NURSING STUDENTS

PLACE : GENERAL WARD

METHOD OF TEACHING : CLINICAL TEACHING

A.V. AIDS USED : PPT

DATE & TIME : 12-07-17 AND A.M TO AM

NAME OF THE EVALUATOR : Mrs. POONGODI .V

ASSOCIATE PROF,
DEPT OF MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING HEALTH NURSING
,KGNC
 CENTRAL OBJECTIVES

At the end of the class teaching , the student will gain adequate knowledge on “ BLOOD TRANSFUSION ” and they will
develop the desirable skill and attitude on blood transfusion and applying this knowledge in their daily life

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES

At the end of the class the student will be able to

 define blood transfusion

 list out the purpose of blood transfusion
 enlist the indication of blood transfusion
 describe the blood groups and Rh typing of blood
 state the selection of blood groups for the patients
 point out the per test need for the blood transfusion
 list out the articles need for blood transfusion
 enumerate the pre preparation of patient for blood transfusion
 explain about the procedure of blood transfusion
 enlist the complication of blood transfusion
S. SPECIFIC TEACHER’S LEARNER’S EVALUATIO
NO
TIME
OBJECTIVE
CONTENT ACTIVITY ACTIVITY
A.V.AIDS
N
1 2mints define blood DEFINITION :
transfusion Explaining Listening PPT Define
Blood transfusion is the intravenous administration of Blood
the whole blood or a component such as plasma packed red transfusion ?
blood cells or platelets to patients

2 3mints list out the PURPOSE : Explaining Listening PPT Could you
purpose of able to list
 To increase circulation / circulating blood volume out the
blood
 To increase the number of red blood cells and to purposes of
transfusion maintained the HB level blood
 To provide plasma clothing factors to help in transfusion
controlling bleeding
 To combat infection due to decreased or defective white
cells or antibodies
 To correct deficiencies such as anaemia and bleeding
disorders.

3 3 mints enlist the INDICATION : Explaining Listening PPT Can you tell
indication of indication
blood  Before and After surgery for blood
transfusion  Severe blood loss -Trauma, Surgery, Haemorrhage transfusion?
 Severe anaemia
 Blood disorders such as Thalassemia and
Agranulocytosis Haemophilia

4 5mints describe the BLOOD GROUP Explaining Listening PPT What are the
blood groups
blood groups
Human blood is classified in to four main groups (A, B, available ?
and Rh typing AB and O) on the basic of polysaccharide antigen on the
of blood erythrocyte surface. These antigens type A and Type B,
commonly cause antibody reaction and are called
agglutinogens. In other words group A blood contain type A
 agglutinogen, group B blood contain type B agglutinogen,
group AB contain both A & B agglutinogens, and group O
blood contain neither agglutinogen.
S. SPECIFIC TEACHER’S LEARNER’S EVALUATIO
NO
TIME
OBJECTIVE CONTENT ACTIVITY ACTIVITY
A.V.AIDS
N
RHESUS (RH) TYPING :

Rh antigen also on the surface of erythrocytes are present

in about 85% of the population are can be a mayor cause of
heamolytic reaction. Persons who possess the Rh factor are
referred to as Rh positive those who do not are referred to as
Rh negative.

5 5mints state the SELECTION OF BLOOD Explaining Listening Chart Do you

understand
selection of the selection
blood groups Blood must be selected to suit the need of each individual
of blood
patient.
for the groups for
patients ?
patients Following points to be kept in mind while selecting .

1. Use of ABO & Rh specific blood and components for the

recipient

2. When group specific not available use alternate ABO

compatible blood.

Patient Blood First Choice Second Choice

Group
O None None
A O None
A2 with AntiA1 O None
B O None
A1 B A or B O
A2B A or B O
A2 B with Anti A1 A2 or B O
S. SPECIFIC TEACHER’S LEARNER’S EVALUATIO
NO
TIME
OBJECTIVE CONTENT ACTIVITY ACTIVITY
A.V.AIDS
N
6 5mints point out the PRE TRANSFUSION TESTING Explaining Listening PPT What are the
per test need 1) Identification of recipient’s blood sample. Check name, pre test need
for blood
for the blood age, sex, Hospital No. and H/o Previous transfusion.
transfusion?
transfusion 2) ABO and Rh (D) grouping of the recipient.
3) Select ABO and Rh compatible screened donor blood.
4) Compatibility testing (Cross matching) of the recipients
serum against donor’s cell.
5) Proper labeling of cross matched blood.
SCREENING TESTS FOR TRANSFUSION
TRANSMITTED DISEASES
Viral Bacterial Parasitic
Hepatitis B virus Malaria Syphilis
(HBV)
Hepatitis C virus
(HCV)
HIV

ARTICLES
 Tray with tray lining with Mackintosh A Tourniquet
7  Kidney tray Explaining Listening SAMPLE Did you
5mints  Cotton swabs with antiseptic solution S know the
list out the  Sterile disposable gloves. articles for
articles need  IV fluid containing normal saline solution. blood
for blood  A blood transfusion set. transfusion ?
transfusion  Prescribed unit of blood or blood product.
 IV dressing.
 Venue puncture set containing a 18 gauge needle or
catheter (or if blood is to be administered quickly 16
gauge needle or a larger).
 Tape to secure tubing.
S. SPECIFIC TEACHER’S LEARNER’S EVALUATIO
NO
TIME
OBJECTIVE CONTENT ACTIVITY ACTIVITY
A.V.AIDS
N
8 5mints enumerate the PRE PREPARATION : Explaining Listening PPT Did you
pre understand
 Obtain consent from the patient or relative. the pre
preparation of
 Verify the physician’s prescription preparation
patient for  Check the patient’s blood record and the blood bag patient for
blood labelling. blood
transfusion  Complete documentation as required by the blood bank. transfusion
 Ensure transfusion starts within 30 min of blood being
taken out of storage.
 Patient’s name and identification number.
 Blood component blood type and Rh factor.
 Expiration date of blood.
 Obtain vital signs of the patient before the transfusion
begins
 Put on gloves and provide for privacy

9 10mints PROCEDURE
explain about
Explaining Listening PPT Did you
the procedure  Wash the hand and wear the gloves understand
of blood the
 Identify the assessable veins . select a large veins which
transfusion procedures
allows the patients mobility of blood
transfusion ?
 Check the Label the blood bag grouping, Rh typing , bag
no, expiry date, and assess for the colour changes,
cloudiness, clot and excess air
 Label the tubing with the date and time of transfusion.
 Close all the clamps on the tube.
 Place the blood administration set into the port of the blood
bag and open the roller clamp closest to the blood bag.
 Inspect the tubing for air.
S. SPECIFIC TEACHER’S LEARNER’S EVALUATIO
NO
TIME
OBJECTIVE CONTENT ACTIVITY ACTIVITY
A.V.AIDS
N
15mints explain about  Gently move the blood bag several times to mix blood Explaining Listening PPT Did you
the procedure understand
components.
the
of blood
 The needle number should be 18 or 16 gauge and the procedures
transfusion of blood
normal saline connect
transfusion ?
 Place tourniquet 10 – 12 cm above the site
 After that connect the normal saline with the line to check
the flow and patency of vein
 Aseptically attach blood bag to I.V set to cannula
connected to the patient. (see Venipuncture)
 Adjust the rate to 2ml / mints for first 15 mints and remain
the same to the patient
 Check the side effects, reaction , allergy ect,.
 Remain with the patient during that time every 5 mints
once check the vital signs for first 15 minutes & take every
one hours once check the vital signs.
 After the unit is empty, close the roller clamp
 Disconnect the blood administration set from the IV
catheter.
 Discard the empty blood container in the proper waste bin
 Record administration of blood, date and time ( starting
time and ending time ) bold group , bag no, amount of
blood , initial vital signs and ending vial signs and if any
remarks that should be mention
 S. SPECIFIC TEACHER’S LEARNER’S EVALUATIO
NO
TIME
OBJECTIVE CONTENT ACTIVITY ACTIVITY
A.V.AIDS
N
9 5mints COMPLICATION : Explaining Listening PPT Did you
enlist the  Anxiety complication
 Allergic reaction of blood
complication
 Circulatory over lode transfusion ?
of blood  Chest or back pain
transfusion  Trouble breathing
 Fever, chills, flushing, and sticky/sweaty skin
 A quick pulse or low blood pressure

SUMMARY

So for we have discussed about the definition, purposes , indication ,blood groups, Rh typing, selection of blood groups , per testing ,
articles need , pre preparation of patient, procedures and complication of blood transfusion.

CONCLUSION

Blood transfusions are fairly common procedures that save and enhance life. The risks of serious side effects are low as
the blood is thoroughly tested and matched for compatibility. Nurses play a vital role in proper blood transfusion

BIBLIOGRAPHY

 “POTER AND PERRY” , “TEXT BOOK OF FUNDAMENTAL OF NURSING ” 6TH Edition, 2010, Publisher Bhanot publication Jabalpur

 “TNAI ”, “ FUNDAMENTAL OF NURSING A PROCEDURE MANUAL” 2nd Edition, 2010,Published by Kumar Publishing House Delhi

 “ B.T. Basavanthappa ”, “NURSING FOUNADATION ”, 2nd Edition, 2011, Published by Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., Delhi
 NET REFERENCES

 www.google weblight.com.
 www.papermaster.com