CHAPTER 27- Clutch Clutch is a machine element for connection and disconnection of shafts in equipment drives, especially while running. Types of Clutches 1. Friction Clutch Plate or Disk Clutch Cone Clutch Band Clutch Block Clutch Expanding — Ring Clutch f. Centrifugal Clutch 2. Jaw Clutch 3. Hydraulic Clutch 4, Electromagnetic Clutch a. Plate of Disk Clutch o20cD For Uniform Pressure Disk Clutch 1.Total Torque T Fale n = number of pairs of identical mating friction surfaces. f = coefficient of friction Fa= applied force, N or Ib ee280 Chapter 27 — Clutches = tT To i noon frictional radius, mm or in. outside radius, mm or in. inside radius, mm or in. 2.Total Applied Force where: Pp F, To fj noun a pressure between friction surfaces, Mpa or psi applied force, N or Ib outside radius, mrt or in. inside radius, mm or in. For Uniform Wear Disk Clutch 1. Total Torque 2. Total Applied Torque where: n =number of pairs of identical mating friction surfaces. coefficient of friction applied force, N or Ib frictional radius, mm or in. outside radius, mm or in. inside radius, mm or in torque, N-mm or in-Ib MACHINE DESIGN FORMULAS axial force, N or Ib t; = frictional radius, mm or in. f = coefficient of friction a =cone angle, deg. 2. Axial Force However, if engagement takes place when one member is rotating and other is stationary, the axial force is ; where: F,= axial force, N or ib F, = normal force, N or /b a =cone angle, deg. Note: The typical values of a is from 7¥2° to 30°. | Tea a a ai Oa ain282 Chapter 27 — Clutches * ® MACHINE DESIGN FORMULAS 283 c. Block Clutch t = radius of drum, mm or in. : ® = angle of contact between the drum ee Lister iec and the block, deg. T = torque, N-m or lb-in. F, = radial force, N or/b wee rigte #fcantacl ekneet tne dary 3. Engagement force needed at stationary condition _and the block, deg. Tt = radius ofthe drum, mm or in. P, = uniform normal pressure between the when block and the drum, Mpa or psi f= coefficient of friction F,, = normal force, N or ib w= width of the block parallel to the axis of F., = engagement force, N or Ib rotation of the drum, mm or in. @ = angle of contact, deg. T=torque, N-m or lb-in. f = coefficient of friction 2. Total Radial Force 4. Maximum pressure where: P, = uniform normal pressure between the wher: block andthe drum, Mpa orpsi _ F,= normal force, Nor Ib W = width of the block parallel to the axis of 6 = angle of contact, deg. rotation of the drum, mm or in. Prax = maximum pressure, Mpa or psi L = chord length of the arc of contact of the fo= outside radius, mm or in. block, mm or in. fj = inside radius, mm or in. F, = radial force, N-or Ib Expanding Ring Clutch For very large @ and P, is not constant. : whey cig j The total frictional torque T where: f = coefficient of friction 6 = angle of contact, deg. : P = pressure, Mpa or psi where: t = radius, mm or in. Pex = Maximum pressure, Mpa or psi F, = applied force, N or Ib w = width of block, mm or in. w = width of block, mm or in.hla, 4 Ae a CP ee RC 284 _ e. Band Clutch 1. Torque Transmitted where: T= torque, N-m or Ib-in. F, = force on the tight side, N or /b F2 = force on the slack side, N or Ib D = drum diameter, mm or in- 2. Maximum normal pressure where: Pimax = maximum pressure, Mpa or /b-in. F, = force on the tight side, N or Ib w= band width, mm or in. . R= radius of the drum, mm or in. 3. Tension ratio where: F, = force on the tight side, V or Ib Fz = force on the slack side, N or Ib ® = angle of contact, deg. e = constant 4. Maximum Stress whe Ei = force on the tight side, N or /b Chapter 27 — Clutches * ® MACHINE DESIGN FORMULAS w = band width, mm or in. t = band thickness, mm or in. Smax = maximum stress, Mpa or psi Centrifugal Clutch 1. Torque Transmitted = = o 3B inu une seo NZ Wow 2. Radial number of identical inertial weights radius of friction surface of the drum, in. coefficient of friction weight of each inertial weight, /b centroid of each inertial weight, in. rotative speed, rpm radial spring force on each inertial weight, fb spring force on each inertial weights a. For radial springs b. For garter spring radial distance, in. weight of each inertial weight, /b number of identical inertial weighs tadial spring force on each inertial weight, Ib tadial spring force, /b © radial distance from center driving shaft to mass rotational speed to effect an engagement, rom = -_—aa = = =o . oe eee