PESTEL Analysis

Political:
 The Ministry of Labor and Employment is the government ministry of Bangladesh
responsible for the employment, to protect and safeguard the interest of workers and
human resource development.

 The foreign relations share the Bangladeshi government's policies in its external relations
with the international community. The country pursues a moderate foreign policy that
places heavy reliance on multinational diplomacy, especially at the United Nations and
World Trade Organization (WTO). Since independence in 1971, the country has stressed
its principle of "Friendship towards all, malice towards none" in dictating its diplomacy.
As a member of the Non-Aligned Movement, Bangladesh has tended to not take sides

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with major powers. Since the end of the Cold War, the country has pursued better

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relations

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 It was found that many employers were ignoring employment law. Some companies were

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not paying their workers the minimum wage, while others forced workers to work longer
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than legally permitted under the working time directive. It can be very difficult for
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migrant workers to get legal advice when they have problems at work. This is partly due
to language barriers. Many also fear losing their jobs if they complain. Like other low-
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paid workers, they rely on legal advice, paid for by the government through legal aid.
Reduced funding for legal aid and for immigration advice in particular has resulted in
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fewer solicitors taking on legal aid cases. Many migrant workers seeking help have been
turned away.
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 Some countries like Japan have shown interest in hiring trained workers from Bangladesh
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andwithin a matter of days an MOU will be signed between Bangladesh and Japan. If the
workers have a good chance of becoming qualified through the assistance of the governm
ent in Bangladesh, then they the go to Japan as a skilled worker with regional neighbors.
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 political changes that limit the access of Bangladeshi migrants to overseas labor markets,
such as the restriction of male labor migrants in the United Arab Emirates (in 2012)
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 Since Migrant workers are given or they work for far less payment than the permanent or
country workers, the migrants are accused of under cutting the pay level. The British
workers are not happy with the migrants since they tend to steal all their work for a little
compensation. But if there was a fair negotiated pay rates then this type of misfortune
would not arise.

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 Economical:
 Remittances now form an important part of household livelihood strategies. The
remittances sent by the migrant workers have grown over time. It has increase from US$
1217.06 million (1995-96) to US$ 1097.00 million (2009-2010). The cumulative receives
from Bangladeshi migrants during 1976-2010 stood at around US$ 78.67 billion.

 Bangladesh maintained a healthy growth in remittances through the formal channel. The
trend of remittance has accelerated in recent years from $2.07 billion in 2001 to $11.00
billion in 2010, an average growth of 43 percent per annum, even in the global financial
meltdown. The oil-rich Middle Eastern countries with more than 80 percent of the total
stock of Bangladesh migrants accounts for a lion’s share of remittances.

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 Remittances in Bangladesh arise as a poverty alleviating policy tool. It contributes

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directly in broadening the opportunities to increase incomes. It allows households to

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increase their consumption of local goods and services. At the community level,

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remittances generate multiplier effects in the local economy, creating jobs and spurring

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new economic and social infrastructure and services. At the national level, remittances
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provide foreign currency and contribute significantly to GDP.
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 The remittance has significant microeconomic impact at household level. The
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macroeconomic impact of remittances at household level partially depends on the 1 Crore

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is a local counting slab equal to 10 million whether they constitute the rural poor, or the
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more educated sectors of the population generally residing in urban areas.

 According to a news article from the website Mashable released in 2015, it stated that
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reported that 26% of the Bangladeshi American community lived under the poverty line.
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This is much higher than the USA average of 16% according to data released by the
Economic Policy Institute in 2011. Many of these Bangladeshis were taxicab drivers,
while others had white-collar occupations. In Atlantic City s some got into casinos
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 The migration cost for women workers to go to Saudi Arab is now zero, said the
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expatriates’ welfare and overseas employment minister of Bangladesh has sent 2, 49,528
workers overseas and received $4,530.46 million as remittance till 2018.
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 Gradually more women are migrating on their own as principal wage-earners. They tend
to take jobs in what are familiar to the female occupations so their experience is gendered
as well. Many women who migrate find themselves at risk of gender-based violence and
exploitation.

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  Human development includes construction and development of schools, colleges, health
centers, water supply and sanitation, rural electrification etc. Migration also helps
development or strengthening of family values and social norms and traditions which
have a positive trend on human development. A study shows that the higher the skill and
education level of the expatriates the lower their ties with the host country and incidence
of sending remittances back home. About 97 percent of the Bangladeshi overseas workers
are outside professional categories; they have strong ties with home and tend to send a
significant portion of their remittance back to Bangladesh.
 During migration the total income of migrant households increased by 119 percent. A
significant portion of remittance is used for purchase of land and home construction.
While going abroad a migrant worker usually manages the fund for his migration either
by selling land or mortgaging land. So to retrieve the sold or mortgaged land some
portion of remittance is used.

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Social

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 For workers working abroad, life is not so easy. It's lonely and sad by leaving their
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families and others occasionally. For the people in the Middle East, in particular. Around
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1,500 Bangladeshi, who have not been paying to Saudi Ogre in the past eight months,
have recently increased efforts to evacuate or arrange for the workers in their strands who
suffer from a food shortage and deteriorating conditions. The latter is the case with many
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migrant workers' countries of origin.

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 A great majority of immigrants are living under poverty line. It does not necessarily mean
that they were poor for their whole lives before being immigrants either. Since many of
them could not take most of their belongings due to the emergence of the conflict,
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immigrants left their assets in the source countries. Bangladesh nationals in foreign
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countries usually lived immediately across the Turkish borders and those cities are in
ruins now. Home and workplace owners have lost them. Immigration of Syrians and
Iraqis is different from this perspective where other nationalities generally are in Turkey
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because of employment opportunities or travelling to bordering European Union

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countries.

 According to the 2015 website news report from Mashable, 26% of the American
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population in Bangladesh lived under poverty line. According to data released by the
Economic Policy Institute in 2011, this is much higher than the USA average of 16%.
Many of these Bangladeshi drivers were taxis while others had occupations of white
collars. Some have entered casinos in Atlantic City.

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  Bangladesh Migrant workers have difficulty communicating in different languages. This
creates problems with understanding important documents such as contracts of
employment, company rules and notices. Migrant workers are often unaware of their
rights in the workplace. The language barrier also affects the migrants outside the
workplace. It causes difficulties in shops, accessing housing and education and
understanding the welfare system.

 Not being able to understand cultural issues such as behavior and customs is another big
factor. Together these problems make many migrant workers feel socially excluded from
English-speaking co-workers.

 Human development includes construction and development of schools, colleges, health

centers, water supply and sanitation, rural electrification etc. Migration also helps
development or strengthening of family values and social norms and traditions which

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have a positive trend on human development.

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 At the micro level, the contribution of migration to poverty reduction is notable, with

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remittances boosting household consumption and savings significantly. The World Bank

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(2012), using the Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2010, showed that the
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monthly income, consumption, and savings were on average 82%, 38% and 107% higher,
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respectively, for remittance receiving households than households not receiving.
Technological
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 Bangladeshi Americans are well represented in the fields of medicine, engineering,

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business, finance and information technology. Bangladeshi Americans have brought

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Bengali cuisine to the United States, and Bengali cuisine has been established as one of
the most popular cuisines in the country with hundreds of Bengali restaurants in each
major city. Almost 40% of Bangladeshis over the age of 25 had at least a bachelor's
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degree as compared to less than 25% of the United States population

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 Technologically Bangladesh has a lot of success in foreign countries. As an example we

can talk about Jawad Karm, Md. Zahid Hasan, Irene Khan and many more who has very
good success rate in medical, entrepreneurship or engineering sector working in the
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foreign.
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 The migrant workers who go to abroad for job or work, they also represent the country as
a citizen of Bangladesh. Their skillful working, responsibility, honesty and sincerity help
them to achieve the praise and admiralty from the job owner and at the same time as they
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also make us proud to be a Bangladeshi.

 Government is now providing emphasis on labors who want to work abroad. They are
being getting trained be taught at different particular skill. Digitalization of them are now
getting importance as the world is getting ahead and depending on technology. So,
demand well engineer or technicians from Bangladesh are rising gradually.

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  The internet has opened up a need for information processing in purchasing and data
management areas, for example, in online shopping. Many migrant graduates have come
to fill these more specialized vacancies.
 Improvements in telecommunications have made it easier for potential migrant’s todiscov
erwhat job opportunities are available. Through online chat rooms, they gaininformation
and advice from other migrants from their own country and can keep in contact with
friends and family in their home countries.
Environmental:
 Bangladesh Migrant workers are less likely to have a permanent job contract than are
native-born workers, and studies have shown greater reporting of poorer health to be
associated with the lack of a permanent job contract
 Many of the health risks for immigrant workers are due to environmental hazards
inherent in the occupational setting. Migrant workers tend to be employed in jobs that

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carry increased exposure to environmental toxins, including extreme temperatures,

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pesticides, and chemicals.

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 Immigrant workers employed in natural resources, construction, and maintenance often

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work outside and are subject to extreme weather exposure, which can increase their risk
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of lightning strikes, sun exposure, heat-related illness and death, snake bites, and tick-
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borne diseases
 In Middle East countries (kuet, Saudi Arab) an estimated three-quarters of the workforce
is made up of immigrants. These workers experience high rates of injury related to High
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temperatures and frequent contact with ice cold water

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 Heat-related illness is a common result of high ambient temperatures for workers in

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agriculture where farmworkers are four times more likely than workers in other industries
to experience heat-related illnesses. Agriculture has a mortality rate from heat illness that
is 20 times that of all other occupations. In the Center for Disease Control and Prevention
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analysis of heat-related deaths among agricultural workers, all the deaths for whom a
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place of birth was known were among immigrant workers

 Exposure to dangerous chemicals is common in many of the industries in which
immigrants work. For example, workers employed as housekeepers in residences or in
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hotels are exposed to chemicals in cleaning agents that can lead to dermatitis, respiratory
diseases, and cancer
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 Occupational sectors that employ immigrant workers tend to include work that is
physically demanding. These demands increase the risk of injuries and fatalities because
working conditions may be unsafe or unregulated. In addition, the precarious position of
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immigrants prevents them from making changes to their working conditions when an
unsafe or hazardous condition is identified.
Legal:
 Deregulation of economy and labor market entry, internal market rules, labor law,
changes in occupational health and safety legislation, changes in environmental

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 protection legislation are the common legislation problems of Bangladeshi migrant
workers.
 In most of the countries like Malaysia, Dubai, Kuwait etc. countries return back many of
our employees all of a sudden and this situation makes them unemployed, so there must
be a rules so that migrating labors can’t be sacked without any reason.
 Sometimes many labors face some major accidents in that time migrated countries should
ensure proper treatments to ensure their early recovery.
 Migrant workers are still not aware of their right. Including this they are also deprived of
it. Government need to put emphasis on it.
 The government kept the power to control the migration cost, but it should also need to
monitor the activities regarding this matter of the recruiting agencies and they should be
bound to provide signed and sealed money receipts to migrants.
 Most of the Bangladeshis working abroad only have access to the labor market for
unskilled or low-skilled workers and are trapped in low-paid jobs – often under

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exploitative conditions .Decent work in terms of better access to employment – both at

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home and abroad the recognition of fundamental rights at work, and higher incomes with

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which workers can better meet their families’ basic needs, is now high on the political

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agenda of international organizations.
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