Start up lookat the picturesand listof sports Which ones are popularin your country?Are there any sportsthatare orly playediin your region or country? ‘Traditional sports Action sports volleyball surfing rugby skiing baseball snowboarding running inline skating aerobics mountain biking fencing windsurfing football canoeing basketball skateboarding tennis mountain dimbing judo BMX racing ‘boxing Listening 1 1. Glisten tothe people talking about their favor sports. Write thenames ofthe sports. 1 2 Glisten again. Why do they enjoy these sports? 3 Workin pairs, Askand answer the questions about you and sport. i Dee nt sd Do you wear any special clothes Ed DL ee Reed DE err Pa eared Maru rentReading ‘Work in groups. Think about all the industries and jobs, associated with sport. Makea list. EXAMPLE teams and chabs personaltrainers journals Read thearticle Add industries and jobs to your list. Read thearticle again and match the headings with the paragraphs. Sponsorship Themedia Eventorganization and tickets Location. Clothing and equipment ___ Education and training. Have you ever thought that you could transform your: passion for sport into a career? Sports big business around the world and there are many career ‘opportunities. Inthe UK the sport sector employs half a million people, and 3% of spending is on sport. It's growing market with jobs tesuit everyone. ||, Manyyoung people stutyfor 1 degreesin sports science, sport teaching.or sport business. They can then go on tochoase froma wide range of careers, from management and administration to more hands- on)obssuchas trainers or medical experts. 2 Sports a majorleisure industry = needinggyms sports centres, swimming pools, stadiums, and sports grounds These require substantial investment andemploy managers. and maintenanceand catering staff. 2}, Erentonganization andticket salesreatesignificant ) fnusiness too, fiom local foatball matches to-events like the olympics, A special sector ~ the sport tourism industry ~organ izeshotels, travel. anc tickets for fans. SLO)RATS sale SB) GE BUS) SEE ESS in this unit talking about experiences and ski © Present Perfect v Past Simple © making polite requests © writing asimple letter of application 4 The article contains expressionsabout size and ‘quantity. Find what is beingdescribed. agrowing market awide anajor substantial significant. ‘enormous 5 Workin pairs. What are the main employment possibilities in sport in your tawn orcity? TRAMPLES There are three big gyms. There’sa city Football lub Ss INE Soi From: facturing to retail oder ay tab sista fo thing aStne a equipment, Farexample. Nike's soccer sales are fe eee eee Language spot Present Perfect Read and complete the rules with these words and expressions: result indetail ingeneral When we talk often use the Present Perfect. I've studied managementand sport psychology. aboutexperiences we © We also use it to talk about things that happened in ‘the past thathave a inthe present. Our business has sold hundreds of tickets for today’s match, Present Perfect v Past Simple © Weuse the Past Simple when we talk about an experience, especially with time expressions such as ago,last week, tn 2003, Istudied sports at university and left in 2004. ‘When we ask people about their lives we often use Have youever... ? > Goto Grammar reference p.117 1 Answer these questions. ‘¢ Have you ever been toabig sports event? Yes Ihave. No, [haven't When did you go? Didyou enjoyit? © Have youever met a famous sportsperson? ‘Yes (have. No, Thaven’t 0 ‘Who was it? Did you speak tohim /her? ‘© Have youever played in an important competition? ‘Yes Ihave. No, I haven't 0 ‘What was itlike? How did you do? 3. Write questions and answers, EXAMPLE Has your computer ever got a virus? Yes, it has.lt got onelast year. 1 your computer /geta virus? Yes /last year 2. you/sendanemailtothe wrongperson? No 3 you/ travel to foreigncountry on business? Yes/ Kenya / six months ago 4 your company / send you on atraining course? Ne 5 you/booka flight online? Yes/ yesterday 6 you/ attend aconference? Yes / Tokyo /2005 4 Completethe email with the verbs in brackets, Use either the Present Perfect or the Past Simple Ee eon eves tee Tee eee |S \k mena th eee ) —€ Si [Emi Wi SF Dear Josh I'm wnting this before | go home for the weekend. ve had (have) a terrible week. | aserious mstake, | and | What a disaster! 4(make) 2 (miss) ameeting 3 lose) some really important things, (On Monday! * (pe) ate foran important meeting. On Tuesday | 5 (forget) to send ‘an emailto a clientin New York. On Wednesday Il ¢ (download) a virus ontomy computer Yesterday we 7 (have) a working lunch in alocal restaurant. youever__* (eat) jellyfish? | 9 (feel) terrible all afternocn. And today Ican't find my tickets for tonight's match. So that means I'm in big trouble with Steve. ‘© Have youever injured yourself playing sport? ‘Yes Thave. No, Ihaven’t 0 ‘Whatdid you do? Wasit serious? 2 Now work in pairs. Ask and answerthe questions. you ever. 9(have) sucha: bad week? EmilyQuestions Short answers Didtheygototheairport? —_Yes, they did. ‘No, they didn’t. = Did + subject + infinitive He didn’t arrive. Did he arrive? NoT He didn't areved /Did he areived? Did you travel by train? Yes, did. /No, Ididn't. Not Yes,itravelled. We use the Past Simple to talk about anaction orevent which happened in the past. I waited at the airport for five hours. Note that many of the most common verbs have irregular Past Simple forms. All these verbs, except be, form the Past Simple negatives and questions in the same way as regular verbs. They include: Infinitive PastSimple Infinitive Past Simple be was/were give gave buy bought go went come came have had do did make made find found see saw get got take took Ididn’t see him there, Not Ididn'tsaw him there, Did you see him there? Nov Did you saw him there? Iwasn’tat the station. Not Ididn'theat thestation, Were they there? wot Bid they betheta? In Past Simple sentences, we often use time expressions such as yesterday, last week, a month ago, ten years ago, in 1965,0n Tuesday. Last year, we went on several business trips. She collected her visa on Tuesday afternoon. Isaw Isabelon the train yesterday. 4 Present Perfect v Past Simple Present Perfect Positive Thave (I've) studied management. = subject + have / has + past participle Negative ‘We have not (haven't) finished the report. = subject + have / has + not + past participle Short answers Yes, she has. = Have / Has + subject + past participle The past participle is formed in the same way asthe Past Simnple form. However, many common verbs have an irregular past participle form These include Past participle been have had do done go been/gone see seen We use the Present Perfect to talk about general experiences that have happened in the past up tonow. Itis not important when these happened. ’ve met several famous people. We often use Have / Has + subject + ever to ask about someone's experiences. Have youever sent an email to the wrong person? Has the company ever sent you on a training course? Past Simple ‘We use the Past Simple to talk about experiences that happened at a particular pointin the past. Imet an old friend on the flight. ‘We often use past time expressions with the Past Simple, such as yesterday, (two days) ago, last week / Sunday / month /year. Note that we can answera Present Perfect question with the Past Simple, to give specific information about an experience in the past. Have you ever been abroad on business? Yes, Iwent to a conference in Paris three months ago. 5 Present Continuous v be going to Present Continuous We can use the Present Continuous to talk about future arrangements Note thatit is common to use. future time expression, such as: tomorrow, this afternoon / week, next Friday / month /year, on Thursday, at 3.00. I'm meeting the new Sales Manager tomorrow.