Philo m2

Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human
Person
Quarter 1
Module 2: Methods of Philosophy
IV- Pre-Test
1. Knowledge
2. A fact
3. Claim
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4. Fallacy
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5. Bias
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Process Questions: rs e
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1. What is truth based on the allegory of the cave?
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 Plato demonstrates how readily humans may be duped into believing what
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they see and hear is the absolute truth. The individuals in Plato's narrative
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believe that the shadows on the cave walls are their whole existence. Plato
investigates the idea that mankind is imprisoned in a cave, veiled from the
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facts.
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2. How do we know the truth based on the allegory of the cave?

 Plato depicts a scenario in a cave in his short narrative, the Allegory of the
Cave, in which he explores our perception of reality. The individuals who are
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holding these guys captive are concealing the facts about the outside world.
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Plato demonstrates how readily humans may be duped into believing what
they see and hear is the absolute truth.
3. What is an opinion? How do we get our knowledge?
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 Opinion is a judgment of oneself based on one's own understanding.A

person's knowledge, facts, and abilities acquired via experience or
education; a person's theoretical or practical grasp of a subject.
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OPINION:
•theory
•view
•idea
•suggestion
•feeling
•own statement
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TRUTH:
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•Justice
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• Lies
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• True
•Real
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• Fact
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• Honesty
Questions: (Answer in your notebook)

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1. How can philosophy help identify things that are truthful?

• Philosophy may be able to assist by reuniting reason and actuality.
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Without abstract conceptions of Truth and Reason, people are unable

to determine what is true. They require the abstract idea in order to
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think that what is being discerned in one's phenomenal experience is

the Real Truth.
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2. What traits and values can help us in determining the truth?

• A acute sense of comprehension, the ability to accurately perceive
things, observant, conducting study before believing anything or
someone, always double-checking, and thinking about the matter first
before doing something irreversible.
3. How will knowing truth help you become more wise and discerning
individuals?
• Knowing the truth will teach us numerous things that will help us grow as
knowledgeable and discerning humans. When someone is lying and you
know the truth, for example, it causes you to assess what they are saying
and, as a result, you gain the talent of identifying the truth. If you know the
truth, you'll be able to make a sensible and decent decision.
Questions: (Answer in your module notebook)
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1. What are the merits of the opinions given?
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co
• claim to respect and praise; excellence; worth. something that
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deserves or justifies a reward or commendation; a commendable
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quality, act, etc.: The book's only merit is its sincerity
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2. Which among these is most acceptable?
• China claims "historic rights" over the South China Sea's islands
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and other nautical features. These claims are being contested by the
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Philippines because they are incompatible with the 1982 Convention

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on the Law of the Sea. It requested a declarative decision under

Annex VII of the (UNCLOS) through arbitration. China rejected the
arbitral system in part because to its 2006 Declaration, which
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exempts all such issues from the Convention's mandatory dispute

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resolution mechanism. This paper looks at the Arbitral Tribunal's

recent decision to accept jurisdiction over some of the Philippines'
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submissions. It concludes that the United Nations Convention on the

Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)
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3. How will these opinions guide your views and actions as citizens of the
Philippines?
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• It's better to think for yourself and stand on your own two feet.
"Don't be swayed by the views of others. It has nothing to do with how you
conduct your life if they think something about you."
Practice Task 2 (Answer in your module notebook)
1. What are the things that you consider real, true, and unchanging in
your life?
•My love for my family is genuine, sincere, and constant in my life
because no matter what happens in my life, the love that I provide to
my family will never change.
2. Have you experienced a situation where what you believe to be true
turned
out to be untrue? How did this experience affect you?
m
er as
• Yes, I have, and it disappoints me greatly. I used to believe that if you
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respect and trust someone, they will treat you well and protect your secrets
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or the things you've talked about, even if you haven't spoken in years or
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have misinterpreted each other. But I was mistaken; even if you both have
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the nicest memories with one other, if you both have conflicts,
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misunderstandings, and lose trust, one of you will split the tea that you both
spoke about, and that stinks. But, whether I like someone or not, and
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whether or not they have done anything wrong, I must continue to promote
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compassion.
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Practice Task 3 (Answer in your module notebook)

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1. diverting the argument to unrelated issues with a red herring.

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2. Insulting someone's character .

3. Assume the conclusion of an argument, a kind of circular reasoning,
also called " begging the question".
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4. Making jumps in logic

5. a commitment to avoid fallacies. This is the duty of the communicator.
VII-Post-test
1. Knowledge
2. Facts
3. Claims
4. Fallacies
5. Biases
6. Opinions
7. Conclusion
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8. Beliefs
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9. Explanations
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10.Argument
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Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human

2. How do we know the truth based on the allegory of the cave?

 Opinion is a judgment of oneself based on one's own understanding.A

Questions: (Answer in your notebook)

1. How can philosophy help identify things that are truthful?

Without abstract conceptions of Truth and Reason, people are unable

think that what is being discerned in one's phenomenal experience is

2. What traits and values can help us in determining the truth?

Philippines because they are incompatible with the 1982 Convention

on the Law of the Sea. It requested a declarative decision under

exempts all such issues from the Convention's mandatory dispute

resolution mechanism. This paper looks at the Arbitral Tribunal's

submissions. It concludes that the United Nations Convention on the

Practice Task 3 (Answer in your module notebook)

1. diverting the argument to unrelated issues with a red herring.

2. Insulting someone's character .

4. Making jumps in logic

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