Deductions

We use can’t /couldn’t for impossibilities =%0

We use may be or might be for possibilities but we aren’t sure =%

50

⁕ May be is a positive form of can’t be ( both are the same )

We use must be when we are sure about them but we need the prove =

% 90

It is a museum = %100

So these are called deductions

Now we are using some modals

Could have + pp

In the past we had a chance for sth but we didn’t use that chance and we

are talking about that chance right now.

• I could have answered all the questions in the exam. (-) negative result of

that situation
• If I did it I should write: I could answer all the questions in the exam.

(+)

• He could have survived in that accident, but nobody helped him. (-)

Should have + pp

Normally we use should to giving advice but we use this form for there

was a necessary thing in the past and someone disobeyed this rule & the

necessity is gone so we are warning that person you should have done this.

Why didn’t you do that. You are a little bit angry, disappointed…

You should have told me that you were bringing your friends for dinner.

(But you didn’t tell)so I’m angry right now.

If we want to make it negative, we are giving more regretful meanings:

I’m sorry. I shouldn’t have hurt your feelings. (But I hurt you)

Must / must not (% 90 certainty)

We have strong evidence & we are pretty sure about sth but we don’t see

with our eyes and nobody said this and we are using must and must not.

• Ann came yesterday. She must be exhausted after a long flight. (Now)