A

Study

On

Health and safety.

Ravi Pharmaceutical Pvt .Ltd. (Ravi Pharma).

Ravi Pharmaceutical Pvt. Ltd.

SUBMMITED TO

IN PARTICULAR FULFILLMENT OF

THE REQUIREMENT OF AWARD FOR THE DEGREE

OF BACHELER OF BUSINESS ADDMINISTRATION.

IN

SARDAR PATEL UNIVERSITY UNDER

THE GUIDANCE OF FACULTY GUIDE

Prof. N.M.Bhatia

&

Prof.D.B.Trivedi.

SUBMITTED

Mr. Viralkumar sunilbhai Rana

Roll no –362

Exam Seat No - 36

[Batch: 2019-2020]

BBA , SEMESTER -6

Anand Commerce College (ACC) BBA PROGRAMME

 Preface
B.B.A. means Bachelor of Business Administration is an intensive three years fill
time bachelor degree programme. The practical training at the level of 6thsemester of
BBA is helpful to develop student ability and get familiarize with the corporate
environment. Theoretical studies give enough back ground for career. At this stage
we are realising that “EXPERIENCE IS THE BEST TEACHER” is true wording.
I feel great pleasure to submit my report on industrial Programme conducted by
Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidhiyanagar and which is adopted by Anand
Commerce Collage, (ACC-BBA) ANAND. Practical training will also be helpful to us in
future to get jobs in reputed company to make our bright future programme.
Practical training related to different areas like finance management, provide
efficient knowledge about ratio analysis, cost of capital etc. Human Resource
Management provide knowledge about the how recruitment, and selection process,
training and development motivate people and their health and safety of employee,
workers, etc. Marketing Management, provide knowledge about how to launch new
advertising about our product in a market, personal selling, direct marketing etc.
I had completed my practical at Ravi pharmaceutical Pvt.ltd. in Cambay. It is a
private organisation which is discovering.
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am also very thankful to the authorities of the companies. Which we have visited and
supported as a lot affection as to visit their company spending their valuable job works
hours. Without expecting my monetary or non monetary rewards.

I experess my obligations to our principal Dr. V.M.Varner. Sir who had given us opportunity I
express my senses of gratitude to the Sardar Patel University for including the subject
comprehensive report is study to provide practical knowledge of industrial field.

I would like to express towards the my project faculty N.M.Bhatia sir and D.B. Trivadi sir for
the kind of co-operation encouragement which help me completing of this project. Iwould
to express my special gratitude and thank to industry persons for giving me such attention
and time.
 Table of content:-
SR.NO PARTICULAR Page no

1 Preface

2 Acknowledgement

3 Certificate

4 Part-1 Human resource management

● Introduction

● Concept

● Function of HRM

5 Part-2 General information about Ravi pharma

● Introduction of company

● Profile of ravi pharma

6 Literature review

7 Research methodology

8 Data collection
 What is safety?
9  Types of accidents
 Needs of safety
 Health and Safety at work
 Building and health and safety
management system
 Statutory provision of safety in India
 What is health?
  Identify hazard at workplace
 Importance of management committee
on health and safety
 Statutory provision of health and safety
in India
 Health and safety programme

10 Data analysis and Interpretation

11 Recommendation and conclusion

12 Biography

13 Questionnaire
 INTRODUCTION

Part:- 1 Human resource

management

Part:- 2 General information

about the RAVI FARMA LTD.
Part:-1 Human Resource Management

INTRODUCTION:-

Human resource management (HRM) is an approach to the management of people, based

on four fundamental principles. First, human resources are the most important assets an
organisation has and their effective management is the key to its success. Second, this
success is most likely to be achieved if the personnel policies and procedures of the
enterprise are closely linked with, and make a major contribution to, the achievement of
corporate objectives and strategic plans. Third, the corporate culture and the values,
organisational climate and managerial behaviour that emanate from that culture will exert a
major influence on the achievement of excellence. This culture must, therefore, be
managed which means that organisational values may need to be changed or reinforced,
and that continuous effort, starting from the top, will be required to get them accepted and
acted upon. Finally, HRM is concerned with integration - getting all the members of the
organisation involved and working together with a sense of common purpose.

CONCEPT:-

HRM is a strategic approach to the acquisition, motivation, development and management

of the organisation’s human resources. It is a specialised field that attempts to deed .ng an
appropriate corporate culture, and introducing programmes which reflect and support the
core values of the enterprise and ensure its success.HRM is proactive rather than reactive,
i.e., always looking forward to what needs to be done and then doing it, rather than waiting
to be told what to do about recruiting, paying or training people, or dealing with employee
relations problems as they arise. The techniques for the application of HRM will include
many familiar functions of personnel managers, such as manpower planning, selection,
performance appraisal, salary administration, training and management development.
Functions of HRM:-

There are two types of managerial functions of H.R.M.-

●Managerial function.
●Operation function.

1) Managerial functions:-
 Planning
 Organisation
 Directing
 Controlling

2) Operating function:-
 Employment
 Development
 Compensation
 Maintenance
 Personal records
 Industrial relations
 Separation
1. Managerial functions:-

 Planning:-
One of the primary functions where number & type of employees needed to
accomplish organizational goals is determined. Research forms core HRM planning
which also helps management to collect analyze and identify current plus future
needs within the organization.

 Organizing:-
Organization of the task is another important step. Task is allocated to every
member as per their skills and activities are integrated towards a common goal.

 Directing:-
This includes activating employees at different levels and making them contribute
maximum towards organizational goal. Tapping maximum potentialities of an
employee via constant motivation and command is a prime focus.

 Controlling:-
Post planning, organizing and directing, performance of an employee is checked,
verified and compared with goals. If actual performance is found deviated from the
plan, control measures are taken.
Operative Function Includes:-

 Recruitment/Hiring:-
Hiring is a process which brings pool of prospective candidates who can help organization
achieve their goals and allows managements to select right candidates from the given
pool.

 Job Analysis & Design:-

Describing nature of the job like qualification, skill, work experience required for specific
job position is another important operative task. Whereas, job design includes outlining
tasks, duties and responsibilities into a single work unit to achieve certain goal.

 Performance Appraisal:-
Checking and analyzing employee performance is another important function that human
resource management has to perform.

 Training & Development:-

This function allows employees to acquire new skills and knowledge to perform their job
effectively. Training and development also prepares employees for higher level
responsibilities.

 Salary Administration:-
Human Resource Department also determines pays for different job types and incudes
compensations, incentives, bonus, benefits etc. related with a job function.

 Employee Welfare:-
This function takes care of numerous services, benefits and facilities provided to an
employee for their well-being.
  Maintenance:-
Minimizing employee turnover and sustaining best performing employees within the
organization is the key. Minimizing ROI within HR department is also a key goal for Human
resource management team.

 Labour Relations:-
Labour relation is regards to the workforce who work within a trade union. Employees in
such domain form a union/group to voice their decisions affectively to the higher
management.

 Personal Research:-
Research is a vital part of human resource management. It is performed to keep a check on
employee opinion about wages, promotions, work condition, welfare activities, leadership,
employee satisfaction and other key issues.

 Personal Record:-
This function involves recording, maintaining and retrieving employee related information
including employment history, work hours, earning history etc.
Part:-2 General information about the
company

INTRODUCTION OF COMPANY:-

From 1995, Ravi pharmaceutical Pvt. Ltd is under the management of dynamic and
foresighted shri.Piyush.H.Patel and Mrs.Nayanaben.v.Patel with a single-minded
devotion to constantly systems, knowledge and technology.

At Ravi Pharmaceutical Pvt. Ltd, We have one factor common to all our activities,
— single minded pursuit of excellence. This purist manifests itself our commitment
to achieve Quality Excellence.

A reflection of the extent of Ravi Pharmaceuticals Pvt. Ltds expertise is the wide
ranges of products which are presently begin with great success. Product innovation
is the keystone to a companys progress and Ravi pharmaceutical Pvt. Ltd. Is
particularly well placed to take advantage of new product opportunities.

The company’s knowledge of raw materials and their behaviour is first brought to
bear on new formulations, then extensive testing is carried out ensure that product
specification s can meet the rigorous demand of regulatory authorities.

A highly sophisticated, quality control system, providing, accurate results,

records and statistic, ensure accuracy and speed in cheeking products all stages
during and after manufacturing, process documentation is specially designed to
ensure that quality and compliance are maintained during manufacturing from the
receipts of raw material and packing materials to shipment finished products.
 We have ambitious, plan of our product range, which consists of full range of
Anaesthetics, Analgesic, Antispasmodic, Ant malarial, and Antihistamines.
Antibiotics, Diuretics, Tranquillizer, and vitamins and ointment section internal &
External of both dental &skin very shortly.
Company profile :-

 Name of company:-
 Ravi Pharmaceutical Privet Ltd.

 Register office :-
69/1 GIDC KANSARI
Khambhat-388620, Anand,
Gujarat,India.

 Address:-
Ravi Pharmaceutical Pvt. Ltd.
GIDC Kansari, Post kansari
Cambay-388620.

 Year of establishment :-
26/09/1980

 Registration No:-
003955

 Ownerships type:-
Private.

 Category :-
Company limited by share

 Sub-category:-
Indian Non-government Company.

 Main language:-
English

 Corporate identification No.:-

 (CIN) U2431GJ1980 PTC003955

 Age of company:-
38 years.

 Registration Authorise:-
ROC- Ahmadabad.

 Registration for activity:-

24231

 Size of organisation and form of organisation:-

Ravi Pharmaceutical Pvt. Ltd.

 Bank of company:-
Kalupur

 Main Products:-
S.V.P, External Preparation and ointment &Dry powder(Beta-Lactum)
Product
Organisation structure:-
 Literature review:-

WHAT IS A LITERATURE REVIEW?

 A place to make connections between what you are investigating and what has
already been investigated in your subject area.

 A place to engage in a type of conversation with other researchers in your subject

Area.

 A place to identify previous research on the topic.

 A place to show there is a gap in the literature which your study can fill.

 A place from which to begin your own investigation.

Meaning of literature review:-

A literature review is a comprehensive summary of previous research on a topic. The

literature review surveys scholarly articles, books, and other sources relevant to a particular
area of research. ... It should give a theoretical base for the research and help you (the
author) determine the nature of your research.
Literature review of RAVI PHHARMA Company:-

1. TOMPA, E Mile, PHD, OLIVERA (2009)

general data based existing systematic review and study identify by contain export
we found strong evidence that identify by contain exports we found strong evidence
that organic and other injury prevention intervention in manufacturing and where
housing are worth undertaking of their financial merits. The economics evaluation of
intervention in this literature warrants further explanation. The review also providing
insights into how the metrology quality of economic evaluation in this literature could
be improved.

2. Johansson B:Risk:stenber M(2010)

This study was carried out a board survey and analysis of relevant research articles
about piece related wages and their effect on health and safety. A total of 75
research articles were examined extensively and 31 of these were found relevant
and had sufficient quality to serve the purpose of this study. The findings of these
relevant articles are summarising and analyse in survey. The fact that 27bof 31
studied articles found negative effect of piece rate on different aspect of health and
safety does not provide casually, but together they give very strong support that in
most situation piece rates have negative Effect on health and safety.

Jones et al. (2006):

Jones ET. Al. (2006) suggested that examples of recruitment policies in the
healthcare, business or industrial sector may offer insights into the processes
involved in establishing recruitment policies and defining managerial objectives.
Successful recruitment techniques involve an incisive analysis of the job, the
labourmarket scenario/ conditionsand interviews, and psychometric tests in order to
find out the potentialities of job seekers. Furthermore, small and medium sized
enterprises lay their hands on interviews and assessment with main concern related
to job analysis, emotional intelligence in inexperienced job seekers, and corporate
social responsibility. Other approaches to selection outlined by Jones et al. (2006)
include several types of interviews, role play, group discussions and group tasks, and
so on.

Alan Price (2007):

Price (2007), in his work Human Resources Management in a Business Context,
formally defines recruitment and selection as the process of retrieving and attracting
able applications for the purpose of employment. He states that the process of
recruitment is not a simple selection process, while it needs management decision
making and broad planning in order to appoint the most appropriate manpower.
Their existing competition among business enterprise for recruiting the most
potential workers in on the pathway towards creating innovations, with the
management decision making and employees attempting to hire only the best
applicants who would be the best fit for the corporate culture and ethics specific to
the company(Price 2007).

Jackson et al. (2009):

As discussed by Jackson et al. (2009), Human resource management approaches in
any business organisation are developed to meet corporate objectives and
materialisation of strategic plans via training and development of personnel to attain
the ultimate goal of improving organisational performance as well as profits. The
nature of recruitment and selection for a company that is pursuing HRM approach is
influenced by the state of the labour and their strength within it. Furthermore, it is
necessary for such companies to monitor how the state of labour market connects
with potential recruits via the projection of an image which all have an effect on and
reinforce applicant expectations.
 RESEARCH AND METHODOLOGY.

 Introduction to research and methodology.

The design of any research project required considerable attention to the research
method and the proposal data analysis with in this selection we have attain top
provide some information about how the produce the research design we offer a
basic review of the research method portion of a research proposal and then some
data analysis different types of design our goal is not to answer every questions but
provide a head start.

 Research
Research is carefully investigation inquiry especially through search for new facts in
any branch of knowledge the project systematic operational of the problem
collected sets of data analyze facts and proposed conclusion recommendation.

 Methodology.
Descriptive research also known as statistical research describe data and
characteristic about the population phenomena being studied describe research
answer the question who, what , where and how.

 Simple unit.
This is a element or set of elements or set of elements consideration for selection in
some stages of sampling here the sampling units and middle level employees.

 Simple size.
No of sampling units selected from the population is caused the size of sample of
sample 15 responds where obtain from the population.
 DATA COLLECTION.

There are two types of data:-

1. Primary data
2. Secondary data

1. Primary data
Primary data can be collected either trough experiment or through survey is
secondary data is conducted as an experiment he observes songs quantitative
measurement with the heal Pf examine that truth contain in this hypothesises but in
the cause of survey data can be collected by an one more of following ways.

 By observation
 Through personal interview
 By milling questions
 Through schedule

2. Secondary data.
Secondary data refers to existing primer data that was collected by someone else or
for purpose of the other than current one this types of data can be collected in following
ways.

 Books
 Journals
 Magazines
 Newspaper
 Websites
 WHAT IS SAFETY ?

Safety refers the absence of accidents. Stated differently, safety to the

protection of workers from the dangers of accidents, in simple terms, means
freedom from the occurrence or risk of journey or loss. Industrial safety refers to the
protection of workers from dangers of industrial accidents. An accident, then an
unplanned and uncontrollable event in which an actions or reaction of a substance, a
perso radiation result in personal injury.
 TYPES OF ACCIDENTS

Accidents are different types. They may be classified as major and major ones,
depending upon the severity of the injury. A accidents which ends in a death, or which result
in a prolonged disability to the injured is a major one.

A scratch or which does not seriously disable him/her is a major accident, but an
accident nevertheless. A mere incision or a deep scratch, say the leg or the shoulder, may or
may not immediately disable the worker. But he or she may develop disability latter. Again,
a wound which may disable once worker may not disable another whereceives a similar
injury.

Types of accidents
Accidents may be of different types depending upon the severity, durability and degree
of the injury. An accident causing death or permanent or prolonged disability to the injured
employee is called major accident. A cut that does not render the employee disabled is
termed as minor accident. When an employee gets injury with external signs of it, it is
external injury.

Injury without showing external signs such as a fractured bone is called an internal one.
When an injury renders an injured employee disabled for a short period, say, a day or a
week, it is a temporary accident. On the contrary, making injured employee disabled for
ever is called permanent accident. Disability caused by accident may be partial or total, fatal
or non-fatal.

The various types of accidents are now shown in below. Types of Accident No accident
occurs automatically. Instead, certain factors cause accidents. It has been noticed that an
accident does not have a single cause but a multiplicity of causes, which are often closely
related. The same is discussed subsequently .
Causes of Accidents:-

The industrial safety experts have classified the various causes of accidents into three broad
categories:
1. Unsafe Conditions
2. Unsafe Acts
3. Other Causes

These are discussed, in brief.

1. Unsafe Conditions (work-related):-

Unsafe working conditions are the biggest cause of accidents. These are associated with
detective plants, tools, equipment, machines, and materials. Such causes are known as
technical causes. They arise when there are improper guarded equipments, defective
equipments, faulty layout and location of plant, inadequate lighting arrangements and
ventilation, unsafe storage, inadequate safety devices, etc. Besides, the psychological
reasons such as working over time, monotony, fatigue, tiredness, frustration and anxiety are
also some other causes that cause accidents. Safety experts identify that there are some
high danger zones in an industry. These are, for example, hand lift trucks, wheel-barrows,
gears and pulleys, saws and hand rails, chisels and screw drivers, electric drop lights, etc.,
where about one-third of industrial accidents occur.

2. Unsafe Acts:-
Industrial accidents occur due to certain acts on the part of workers. These acts may be the
result of lack of knowledge or skill on the part of the worker, certain bodily defects and
wrong attitude.
Examples of these acts are:
1. Operating without authority.
2. Failure to use safe attire or personal protective equipments,
3. Careless throwing of material at the work place.
4. Working at unsafe speed, i.e., too fast or too low.
5. Using unsafe equipment, or using equipments unsafely.
6. Removing safety devices.
7. Taking unsafe position under suspended loads.
8. Distracting, teasing, abusing, quarrelling, day-dreaming, horseplay
9. Ones own accident prone personality and behaviour.

3. Other Causes:-
These causes arise out of unsafe situational and climatic conditions and variations.
These may include excessive noise, very high temperature, humid conditions, bad
working conditions, unhealthy environment, slippery floors, excessive glare, dust and
fume, arrogant behaviour of domineering supervisors, etc. Of late, industrial
accidents have become common happening in our country. A brief catalogue of
major accidents in the recent past in India is produced here:
NEED FOR SAFETY:-

1. Cost saving:-

Two types of cost are incurred by the management when a

accidents occurs. There are three direct costs, in the form of compensation
payable to the management when an accident occurs. There are the different
costs, in the form of compensation payable to the departments of the victim if
the accident is fatal , and medical expenses incurred in training the patient if
the accident is non fatal. The management, however, not liable to meet direct
costs if the victim is insured under the ESI scheme. When the victim is un
interested, compensation and medical expenses are the responsibility of the
management.

More serious than the direct are the indirect or hidden costs which the
management cannot avoid. In fact, indirect cost is three to four times higher than
the direct costs. Hidden cost include loss on account of down —time of operators,
slowed-up production rate of other workers , material spoiled and labour for
cleaning and damages to equipment.

2. Increased productivity:-

Safety planed a efficient plants. To a large extend promoters productivity,

employees in safe plan can devote more time improving the quality and quantity of
their output and spend less time worrying about their safety and well-being.

3. Moral:-

Safety is an important on human ground s too. Managers must undertake

accident preservation measure to minimise the pain and suffering the injured
workers and his /her family is often exposed to as a result of the accident. An
employee is a worker in the factory and the bread-winner for his/her family. The
happiness of his/her family depends upon health and well-being of the worker.
 4. Legal:-

There are legal rezones too for undertaking safety measures, there are laws
covering occupational health & safety, and penalties for non-compliances havs
become quite server. The responsibility expense to the safety and health
surrounding community, too.
HEALTH AND SAFETY AT WORK :

According to cole(2002), employer has a common law due to provide a safe

place of work for his or her employees and is liable at common low of accidents
encounter by his or her employee in the course of their employment. The duties
(regarding health and safety) which employer Owens his or her employees
basically include following:

 The provision of a safe place of safe employment.

 The provision of a safe means of assess to work.
 The provision of safe system of working.
 The provision of adequate equipment, materials and clothing
to enable employees to carry out their work safely.
 The provision of compliment co-workers.
 The duty of care to ensure that employees are not subjected
o any unreasonable risk in the work place.
BUILDING AN EFFECTIVE HEALTH & SAFETY
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM:-

The components of effective health and safety are briefly management systems are
briefly explained below:

 Management leadership& organisational commitment:

For this system to be effective, management must show leadership and

commitment to the program. To achieve this, should put the organisations
expectation around the health and safety into writing by developing a health and
safety policy. Employees who forms part of the health and safety committee,should
be involved in writing the policy and too be signed by senior operation offer,
to indicate the commitment of management.

 Roles and responsibility:

Clearly define and well communicated health and safety roles and
responsibilities
for all level of organisation will create an expectation of a sander level of
performance and accountability among employees, contractor, and visitors. All
level must be aware of their individual roles and responsibilities under both state
law and company standards.
  Management commitment:

For a health and safety management system to be effective, management at all

levels, should demonstrate their support of the health and safety program. This
may be demonstrated through management, participation in health and safety
leadership training meetings, facility inspection incidents investigations etc.

 Employee participation:

It is important for workers to be involved in the development of the system in

order to create ownership as well as help a better fit with the culture of the
organisation.

 Hazard identification & assessment process:

Employers are reburied to assess a work site for existing and potential hazard
before work beings. Hazard assessment data could be used to determine what
worker- training needs to be done, and to build the content of employee
orientations and job training and hazard assessment data could be used can be used
as the basis of inspection cheklist.

 Determine control:

Address indentified by assigning method of control to eliminate or the hazard.

The most effective controls can be determined based on legal requirement,
manufacturers specifications, company rules, industry best practices, and worker
inputs.

 Hazard control:

Once the hazard assessments are completed, the next step in the development of
the health and safety management system id the implementation of control
measure to eliminate or reduce the risk of hrm to work.

 Enforcement of control:

To enforce control methods, develop a constrictive enforcement policy, and

communicate the consequence to employees and the steps that will be taken
if noncompliance occurs.
  Enforcement of control:

To ensure control methods, develop a constructive enforcement policy

communicate the consequence to employees and the steps that will be taken if
noncompliance occurs.

 Emergency response plan:

A serious emergency (such as explosion, fire, or flood) could seriously affect the
operation of a business and put the health, safety, and livelihood of many
employees in jeopardy. The best health and safety management system cannot
protect your company from all natural or unexpected disasters; however, having a
good emergency response emergency response plan (ERP) in place can reduce the
severity and risk of loos. Knowing what to do and who to contract can save lives
and reduce costs if should disaster should strike.
STATUTORY PROVISION OF SAFETY IN INDIA

Important legal provisions for industrial safety:

Sec. 21. Fencing of machinery

It is obligatory on the part of the management of a factory to fence with guards of a
substantial construction every dangerous part of any machinery such as moving parts of
prime movers and flywheels connected to it, head race and tail race of each water wheel
and water turbine, every part of electric generator, rotary convertor and transmission
machinery.

Sec. 22. Work on or near machinery in motion

A specially trained adult male worker should examine, adjust and lubricate any part of a
machine while in operation. He should wear tight fitting clothing. He should not handle a
belt on a moving pulley more than 15 centimetres in width. Women and children are not
permitted to lubricate, adjust or clean any part of the prime mover or of transmission
machinery while it is in motion.

Sec. 23. Employment of adolescents on dangerous machines

No young person shall be allowed to work on any machine unless he has been fully
instructed to beware of the dangers arising from the machines, to observe precautions and
has received training in work under the supervision of a person who has a thorough
knowledge and experience of working on that machine.

Sec. 24. Striking gear or device for cutting off power

In every factory, suitable striking gear or other efficient mechanical appliance shall be
provided and maintained and driving belts when not in use shall not be allowed A suitable
device for cutting off power in emergency be provided and maintained in every workroom.
When a device which is to be inadvertently shifted from off to the on position, is provided in
a factory to cut-off power. Adequate arrangements shall be provided for locking the device
in safe position to prevent any accidental starting of the transmission machinery to which
the device is fitted.
Sec.25. Self-acting machine
No traversing part of a self-acting machine and no material carried thereon shall be allowed
to run on its outward or inward traverse within a distance of 18 inches from any fixed
structure which is not a part of the machine.

Sec. 26. Casting of new machinery

In all machinery driven by power, every set screw, bolt or key, revolving shaft, spindle wheel
shall be sunk or encased or securely guarded to prevent any danger. Also all spur, worm and
toothed or friction gearing while in operation shall be completely encased.

Sec. 27. Prohibition of employment of women and children near cotton

openers
No woman or child shall be employed in any part of a factory for pressing cotton when
cotton opener is at work. But women and children may be employed in the part of the room
in which feed end is situated under the condition that the feed end of a cotton opener is
separated from the delivery end by a partition extending to the room.

Sec. 28. Hoists and Lifts

In every factory, every hoist and lift shall be of good mechanical construction, sound
material and of adequate strength, maintained properly and examined by a competent
authority once in six months. Every hoist way and lift way shall be protected and enclosed
with gates .

Sec. 29. Lifting machines, Tackles, Chains and Ropes

In every factory the lifting machines (other than hoists and lifts), chains,, ropes and lifting
tackles for the purpose of raising or lowering of persons, goods or materials, shall be of
good construction and shall be free from defects and shall be strong enough to carry the
necessary loads.

Sec. 30. Revolving machinery

In every room where grinding work is going on, a notice indicating the maximum safe
working peripherals speed of the machine shall be fixed near it.
Sec. 31. Pressure plant
In any factory, if manufacturing process is operated at a pressure higher than the
atmospheric pressure and effective measures erring that the safe working pressure would
not exceed, should not be taken.

Sec. 32. Floors, stairs and other means of access

All floors, stairs, passages and gangways shall be made of sound construction and properly
maintained and shall be kept free from obstructions to ensure safety.

Sec. 33. Pits and openings in floors

Every fixed vessel, sump, tank, pit or opening in a floor which may be a source of danger
shall be securely fenced or covered.

.Sec 34. Excessive weights

No person shall be employed in any factory to lift, carry or move any load so heavy that will
call injury to him

Sec. 35. Protection of eyes

In respect of any such manufacturing process carried on in any factory being a process
causing injury to the eyes from particles or fragments thrown off in the course of the
process or exposure to excessive light, the State Govt. may by rules required that effective
screens or suitable goggles shall be provided to the persons employed.

Sec. 36. Precautions against dangerous fumes

In any factory, no person shall be allowed to enter any chamber, tank, pit, vat, pipe, flue or
such other confined place in which dangerous fumes are likely to be present to such an
extent as to involve risk of a hazard unless it is provided with manhole of adequate size.

Sec. 36A. Precautions against the use of portable electric lights

In any factory (i) no portable electric light or any other electric appliance of voltage
exceeding 24 volts shall be allowed for use inside any chamber, tank, vat, pit, flue or other
confined place (ii) if any inflammable gas, fume or dust is likely to be present in such
chamber, tank, vat, pit, flue or confined place, no lamp or light other than that of flame
proof shall be permitted to be used therein.
Sec. 37. Explosive or inflammable gas or dust
In any factory where manufacturing process produces dust, gas or vapour of such nature
that is likely to explode on ignition, all practical measures shall be taken to prevent such
explosion by (i) an effective enclosure of the plant or machinery used in the process; (ii)
removal or prevention of accumulated dust, gas or fume; (iii) exclusion or effective
enclosure of all possible sources of ignition.

Sec. 38. Precautions in case of fire

The following precautions shall have to be taken:
(a) Exit door to escape in case of fire shall be provided;
(b) Exit door shall not be locked or fastened so that they could be easily opened and they
shall be constructed to open outwards;
(c) Every door, window or other exit, a means of escape in case of fire shall be marked in a
language understood by majority of workers;
(d) Adequate arrangement shall be made to raise an alarm in case of fire and that too clearly
audible and preferably a siren.

Sec. 39. Power to require specification of defective part or tests or Stability

the condition of any building or any part thereof is in such a condition that it is dangerous to
human life, the inspector may ask the occupier or manager to furnish drawings,
specifications and other particulars to determine whether the building or plant is being used
with safety.

Sec. 40. Safety of building and machinery

If the inspector is satisfied that the building or machinery poses a danger to the human life,
then he may ask the occupier or manager to repair it suitably.

Sec. 41. Power to make rules

The State Govt, is empowered to make rules requiring the provision in any factory or in any
class or description of factories of such further devices and measures for securing safety of
persons employed.
 WHAT IS HEALTH?

Health is a measure of quality of life that is difficult to define and measure. In the
1940s, the world health organization defined health as a “state of complete physical,
mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.”

A resource of everyday life with not objective of leaving health is positive concept
impressing social and personal resources as well as physical capacities. World health
organisation occupational health deals with all aspect of health and safety in the workplace
and has a strong focus on primary preservation of hazards.

Types of helth :-

 Physical health.
 Mental health.
1 ) Physical health
The health of employees results in a reduces productivity high unsafe acts and increases
absentees. A healthy worker on the other hand in the other words healthy employees are
more productive safe conscious and more regular to work. The worker who is healthy is
always cheerful confident looking and is an individual asset to the organisation.
2 ) Mental health.
Mental health is refers to persons emotional social and physiological well being mental
health is as importance as physical health to a full active life style. It is define mental health
as physical health because in many cause on the individual perception of their experience
with improvement in testing however some sings types of mental illness how becoming
visible in scans and genetic testing.
Identify hazard at work place.

Every workplace has hazards. As an employer, you have a legal responsibility to look after
your employees safety and protect them against health and safety hazards at work. In order
to manage workplace health and safety and help prevent accidents and sickness absence, its
important to identify, monitor and reduce the risk associated with workplace hazards.

What are workplace hazards?

Simply put, workplace hazards are any aspect of work that cause health and safety risks and
have the potential to harm.
Some hazards are more likely to be present in some workplaces than others, and depending
on the work that you do; there will be hazards that are more or less relevant to your busines

What are the most common workplace hazards?

There are many types of workplace hazards, which tend to come under four main
categories:

Physical hazards — the most common workplace hazards, including vibration, noise and
slips, trips and falls;

Ergonomic hazards — physical factors that harm the musculoskeletal system, such as
repetitive movement, manual handling and poor body positioning;

Chemical hazards — any hazardous substance that can cause harm to your employees;

Biological hazards — bacteria and viruses that can cause health effects, such as hepatitis,
hiv/aids and legionnaires disease.
Common health risks
Some of the most common health risks associated with workplace hazards include:

 Breathing problems;
 Skin irritation;
 Damage to muscles, bones and joints;
 Hearing damage;
 Reduced wellbeing.

How to prevent workplace hazards

The best way to protect yourself and your employees from workplace hazards is to
identify and manage them and take reasonable steps to prevent their potential to harm.
In order to control workplace hazards and eliminate or reduce the risk, you should take
the following steps

 Identify the hazard by carrying out a workplace risk assessment;

 Determine how employees might be at risk;
 Evaluate the risks;
 Record and review hazards at least annually, or earlier if something changes
Importance of management committee on health and safety.

 The Importance of Having an Internal Health and Safety Officer

Employers covered by theOSH Act must provide employees with “jobs and a place of
employment free from recognized hazards causing, or are likely to cause, death or serious
physical harm.” This includes compliance with OSHA statutes, standards, regulations, and
others.
Businesses that do not show theyve taken reasonable precautions to prevent workplace
injuries and illness can be found negligent. This can result in costly workers compensation
claims, higher premiums, hefty fines, a damaged reputation, and injuries, illnesses, or death.

 Ensuring Compliance
An internal health and safety officerfocuses on accident and illness prevention and
implements the latestregulations and guidelines, including those ofthe Department of
Labor, OSHA, and the Environmental Protection Act. Health and safety is a highly specialized
and regulated field and a company health and safety officer must have the expertise to do it
well. A good health and safety officerlooks beyond managing the basics and instead actively
manages risk.

 Actively Managing Risk

By performing mandatory and optionaltesting, random spot checks, evaluating worksites
and offices, and polling management and employees, the business is more likely to comply
and avoid unnecessary fines and frustration.

A health and safety officer often creates and updates the safety policy, required for all
businesses with five or more employees. They also disseminate this vital safety information
to employees and carry out risk assessment the inspection to identify and rectify potential
risk .

 Investigates Incidents
Anotherimportantrole ofthe health and safety officeris the investigation of any incidents
that occur in the workplace. They record and maintain an accident book, review possible
causes, and recommend changes when required.
Alternatively, the health and safety officer may serve the safety committee to apourthe
demands of the companys safety program. The committee relies on the officers expertise
and the officerreports progress on safety issues.

 Provides Trainin

The scope of a health and safety officer varies depending on the size and complexity ofthe
company. It can include training employees in the proper use ofPersonalProtective
Equipment(PPE), fire safety, emergency procedures, using machinery properly, handling
hazardous materials, and other safety- related issues.

The health and safety officer may also address issues of concern to the public. Sound
environmental and sustainability policies and procedures can improve public relations,
reduce a companys carbon footprint, and improve profitability. A knowledgeable,
personable health and safety officeris the ideal candidate to interact with outside parties to
ease concerns and bolster company reputation.

 Principal Contact
Since a health and safety officer stays abreast of current regulations, theyre the logical
choice to advise management and the go-to contact for workers. They are also the principal
contact for safety inspectors and union representatives.

A skilled health and safety officer promotes healthy relations and can make doing business
less cumbersome, since they understand whats required and put health and safety first.

Gilberts Risk Solutions provides insurance, risk management, and workers compensation
expertise so you can minimize premiums and risk and maximize coverage. Were local,
reliable, and weve served businesses like yours for over 160 years. Why not let us help you,
too?
Health and Safety Provisions under Factories Act, 1948.

NOVEMBER 19, 2017

(xxiv) HEALTH
There are various measures under Factories Act 1948 which are taken by factories for
health, safety and welfare of their workers. Such measures are provided under Chapters III,
IV and V of the Act which are as follows:

Chapter III of the Act deals with the following aspects.

(xxiv) Section 11 ensures the cleanliness in the factory. It must be seen that a factory is
kept clean and it is free from effluvia arising from any drain, privy or other nuisance. The
Act has laid down following
provisions in this respect :

All the accumulated dirt and refuse on floors, staircases and passages in the factory shall be
removed daily by sweeping or by any other effective method. Suitable arrangements should
also be made for the disposal of such dirt or refuse. Once in every week, the floor should be
thoroughly cleaned by washing with disinfectant or by some other effective method [Section
11(1)(b)]. Effective method of drainage shall be made and maintained for removing water,
to the extent possible, which may collect on the floor due to some manufacturing process.

To ensure that interior walls and roofs, etc. are kept clean, it is laid down that: (i) white
wash or colour wash should be carried at least once in every period of 14 months; (ii) where
surface has been painted or varnished, repair or revanish should be carried out once in
every five years, if washable then once in every period of six months; (iii) where they are
painted or varnished or where they have smooth impervious surface, it should be cleaned
once in every period of 14 months by such method as may be prescribed.

All doors, windows and other framework which are of wooden or metallic shall be kept
painted or varnished at least once in every period of five years.
The dates on which such processes are carried out shall be entered in the prescribed
register. If the State Government finds that a particular factory cannot comply with the
above requirements due to its nature of manufacturing process, it may exempt the factory
from the compliance of these provisions and suggest some alternative method for keeping
the factory clean. [Section 11(2)]

(ii) Disposal of waste and effluents

Every occupier of a factory shall make effective arrangements for the treatment of wastes
and effluents due to the manufacturing process carried on in the factory so as to render
them innocuous and for their disposal. Such arrangements should be in accordance with the
rules, if any, laid down by the State Government. If the State Government has not laid down
any rules in this respect, arrangements made by the occupier should be approved by the
prescribed authority if required by the State Government. (Section 12)

(iii) Ventilation and temperature

Section 13 provides that every factory should make suitable and effective
provisions for securing and maintaining:-

Adequate ventilation by the circulation of fresh air; and such a temperature as will secure to
the workers reasonable conditions of comfort and prevent injury to health. What is
reasonable temperature depends upon the circumstances of each case. The State
Government has been empowered to lay down the standard of adequate ventilation and
reasonable temperature for any factory or class or description of factories or parts thereof.
It may direct that proper measure instruments at such places and in such position as may be
specified shall be provided and prescribed records shall be maintained.

Measures to reduce excessively high temperature: To prevent excessive heating of

any workroom following measures shall be adopted:
Walls and roofs shall be of such materials and so designed that reasonable temperature
does not exceed but kept as low as possible.

Where the nature of work carried on in the factory generates excessively high temperature,
following measures should be adopted to protect the workers .
( a ) by separating such process from the workroom; or
(b ) insulating the hot parts; or
I adopting any other effective method which will protect the workers.

The Chief Inspector is empowered to direct any factory to adopt such methods which will
reduce the excessively high temperature. In this regard, he can specify the measures which
in his opinion should be adopted. (Section 13)

(iv) Dust and fume

There are certain manufacturing processes like chemical, textile or jute, etc., which
generates lot of dust, fume or other impurities. It is injurious to the health of workers
employed in such manufacturing process. Following measures should be adopted in this
respect:

Effective measures should be taken to prevent the inhalation and accumulation of dust,
fumes etc., in the work-rooms.

Wherever necessary, exhaust appliances should be fitted, as far as possible, to the point of
origin of dust fumes or other impurities. Such point shall also be enclosed as far as possible.

In stationery internal combustion engine and exhaust should be connected into the open
air.

In cases of other internal combustion engine, effective measures should be taken to prevent
the accumulation of fumes there from. (Section 14) It may be pointed that the evidence of
actual injury to health is not necessary. If the dust or fume by reason of manufacturing
process is given off in such quantity that it is injurious or offensive to the health of the
workers employed therein, the offence is committed under this Section. Lastly the offence
committed is a continuing offence. If it is an offence on a particular date is does not cease to
be an offence on the next day and so on until the defiance is testify.
(v) Artificial humidification
Humidity means the presence of moisture in the air. In certain industries like cotton, textile,
cigarette, etc., higher degree of humidity is required for carrying out the manufacturing
process. For this purpose, humidity of the air is artificially increased. This increase or
decrease in humidity adversely affects the health of workers.

Section 15(1) empowers the State Government to make rules (i) prescribing the standards of
humidification, (ii) regulating methods to be adopted for artificially increasing the humidity
of the air, (iii) directing prescribed tests for determining the humidity of the air to be
correctly carried out, and recorded, and (iv) prescribing methods to be adopted for securing
adequate ventilation and cooling of the air in the work-room.

Section 15(2) lays down that water used for artificial humidification should be either purified
before use or obtained from a public supply or other source of drinking water.

Where the water is not purified as stated above. Section 15(3) empowers the Inspector to
order, in writing, the manager of the factory to carry out specified measures, before a
specified date, for purification of the water.

(vi) Overcrowding

Overcrowding in the work-room not only affect the workers in their efficient Discharge of
duties but their health also. Section 16 has been enacted with a view to provide sufficient air
space to the workers.

Section 16(1) prohibits the overcrowding in the work-rooms to the extent it is injurious to
the health of the workers.

Apart from this general prohibition Section 16(2) lays down minimum working space for
each worker as 14.2 cubic meters of space per worker in every workroom. For calculating
the work area, the space more than 4.2 meters above the level of the floor, will not be taken
into consideration.
Posting of notice: Section 16(3) empowers the Chief Inspector who may direct in writing the
display of a notice in the work-room, specifying the maximum number of workers which can
be employed in that room. According to Section 108, notice should be in English and in a
language understood by the majority of the workers. It should be displayed at some
conspicuous and convenient place at or near, the entrance. It should be maintained in clean
and legible conditions.

Exemptions : The chief Inspector may by order in writing, exempt any work-room from the
provisions of this section, subject to such conditions as he may think fit to impose, if he is
satisfied that non-compliance of such provision will have no adverse effect on the health of
the workers employed in such work-room.

(vii) Lighting

Section 17 of the Factories Act makes following provisions in this respect:

every factory must provide and maintain sufficient and suitable lighting, natural, artificial or
both, in every part of the factory where workers are working or passing

all the glazed windows and sky lights should be kept clean on both sides;

effective provisions should be made for the prevention of glare from a source of light or by
reflection from a smooth or polished surface;

formation of shadows to such an extent causing eye-strain or the risk of accident to any
work should be prevent and the state government is empowered to lay down standard of
sufficient and suitable lighting for factories for any class or description of factories or for any
worker and manufacturing process.

(viii) Drinking wate

Section 18 makes following provisions with regard to drinking water.

Every factory should make effective arrangements for sufficient supply of drinking water for
all workers in the factory;
Water should be wholesome, i.e., free from impurities;

Water should be supplied at suitable points convenient for all workers;

no such points should be situated within six meters of any washing place, urinals, latrine,
spittoon, open drain carrying silage or effluent or any other source of contamination, unless
otherwise approved in writing by the Chief Inspector;

all such points should be legible marked Drinking Water in a language understood by
majority of the workers;

in case where more than 250 workers are ordinarily employed, effective arrangements
should be made for cooling drinking water during hot weather. In such cases, arrangements
should also be made for the distribution of water to the workers; and the State Government
is empowered to make rules for the compliance of above stated provisions and for the
examination, by prescribed authorities, of the supply and distribution of drinking water in
factories.
Latrines and urinals

Every factory shall make suitable arrangement for the provision of latrines and urinals for
the workers. These points as stated below, are subject to the provisions (8) the State
Government is empowered to make rules in respect of following: prescribing the number of
latrines and urinals to be provided to proportion to the number of male and female workers
ordinarily employed in the factory. Any additional matters in respect of sanitation in
factories; responsibility of the workers in these matters.

B. SAFETY

Chapter IV of the Act contains provisions relating to safety. These are discussed below:

(xxiv) Fencing of machinery

Fencing of machinery in use or in motion is obligatory under Section 21. This Section
requires that following types of machinery or their parts, while in use or in motion, shall be
securely fenced by safeguards of substantial construction and shall be constantly
maintained and kept in position, while the parts of machinery they are fencing are in motion
or in use. Such types of machinery or their parts are:

every moving parts of a prime-mover and flywheel connected to a prime-mover. It is

immaterial whether the prime-mover or fly-wheel is in the engine house or not;
head-race and tail-race of water wheel and water turbine;
any part of stock-bar which projects beyond the head stock of a lathe;
every part of an electric generator, a motor or rotary converter or transmission machinery
unless they are in the safe position;
every dangerous part of any other machinery unless they are in safe position.
(ii) Safety measures in case of work on or near machinery in motion

Section 22 lays down the procedure for carrying out examination of any part while it is in
motion or as a result of such examination to carry out the operations mentioned under
clause (i) or (ii) of the proviso to Section 21(1). Such examination or operation shall be
carried out only by specially trained adult male worker wearing tight fitting clothing (which
shall be supplied by the occupier) whose name has been recorded in the register prescribed
in this behalf and who has been furnished with a certificate of appointment and while he is
so engaged.

No woman or young person shall be allowed to clean, lubricate or adjust any part of a
prime-mover or any transmission machinery while the prime-mover or transmission
machinery is in motion or to clean, lubricate or adjust any part of any machine if the
cleaning, lubrication and adjustment thereof would expose the woman or the young person
to risk of injury from any moving part either of that machine or of any adjacent machinery
[Section 22(2)].

(iii) Employment of young persons on dangerous machines

Section 23 provides that no young person shall be required or allowed to work at any
machine to which this section applies unless he has been fully instructed as to dangers
arising in connection with the machine and the precautions to be observed and (a) has
received sufficient training in work at the machine, or (b) is under adequate supervision by a
person who has a thorough knowledge and experience of the machine.
(iv) Striking gear and devices for cutting off power

Section 24 provides that in every factory suitable striking gears or other efficient mechanical
appliances shall be provided and maintained and used to move driving belts to and from
fast and loose pulleys which form part of the transmission machinery and such gear or
appliances shall be so constructed, placed and maintained as to prevent the belt from
creeping back on the fast pulley further driving belts when not in use shall not be allowed to
rest or ride upon shafting in motion.

Suitable devices for cutting off power in emergencies from running machinery shall be
provided and maintained in every work-room in every factory. It is also provided that when
a device which can inadvertently shift from off to on position in a factory, cutoff power
arrangements shall be provided for locking the devices on safe position to prevent
accidental start of the transmission machinery or other machines to which the device is
fitted.

(v) Self-acting machines

Section 25 provides further safeguard for workers from being injured by self-acting
machines. It provides that no traverse part of self-acting machine in any factory and no
material carried thereon shall, if the space over which it runs is a space over which any
person is liable to pass whether in the course of his employment or otherwise, be allowed to
run on its outward or inward traverse within a distance of forty five apourtres from any
fixed structure which is not part of the machines.

However, Chief Inspector may permit the continued use of a machine installed before the
commencement of this Act, which does not comply with the requirement of this section, on
such conditions for ensuring safety, as he may think fit to impose.

(vi) Casing of new machinery

Section 26 provides further safeguards for casing of new machinery of

dangerous nature. In all machinery driven by power and installed in any factory.
(xxiv) every set screw, bolt or key on any revolving shaft, spindle, wheel or pinion shall be so
sunk, encased or otherwise effectively guarded as to prevent danger;

(b) all spur, worm and other toothed or friction gearing which does not require frequent
adjustment while in motion, shall be completely encased unless it is so situated as to be so
safe as it would be if it were completely encased.

The section places statutory obligation on all persons who sell or let on hire or as agent of
seller or hire to comply with the section and in default shall be liable to punishment with
imprisonment for a term which may extend to 3 months or with fine which may extend to
Rs. 500 or with both.

(vii) Prohibition of employment of woman and children near cotton openers According to
Section 27, no child or woman shall be employed in any part of factory for pressing cotton in
which a cotton opener is at work. However, if the feed- end of a cotton opener is in a room
separated from the delivery end by a partition extending to the roof or to such height as the
inspector may in any particular case specify in writing, women and children may be
employed on the side of partition where the feed -end is situated.

(viii) Hoists and lifts

Section 28 provides that in every factory:

(xxiv) every hoist and lift shall be of good mechanical construction, sound material and
adequate strength. It shall be properly maintained and thoroughly examined by a
competent person at least once in every period of six months and a register shall be kept
containing the prescribed particulars of every such examination,

(ii) every hoist way and lift way shall be sufficiently protected by an enclosure fitted with
gates and the hoist or lift and every such enclosure shall be so constructed as to prevent any
person or thing from being trapped between any part of the hoist or lift and any fixed
structure or moving part,

(iii) the maximum safe working load shall be marked on every hoist or lift and no load
greater, than such load shall be marked on every hoist or lift and no load greater than such
load shall be carried thereon,
(iv) the cage of every hoist and lift shall be fitted with a gate on each side from

which access is afforded to a landing,

(v) such gates of the hoist and lift shall be fitted with interlocking or other

efficient device to secure that the gate cannot be opened except when the cage is at the
landing and that the cage cannot be moved unless the gate is closed.

(ix) Lifting machines, chains, ropes and lifting tackles

In terms of Section 29, in any factory the following provisions shall be complied with respect
of every lifting machine (other than a hoist and lift) and every chain, rope and lifting tackle
for the purpose of raising or lowering persons, goods or materials:
(a) all parts including the working gear, whether fixed or movable, shall be
(i) of good construction, sound material and adequate strength and free
(ii) properly maintained;
(iìi) thoroughly examined — by a competent person at least once in every period of 12
months or at such intervals as Chief Inspector may specify in writing and a register shall be
kept containing the prescribed particulars of every such examination;

(b) no lifting machine or no chain, rope or lifting tackle, shall, except for the purpose of test,
be loaded beyond the safe working load which shall be plainly marked thereon together
with an identification mark and duly entered in the prescribed register and where it is not
practicable, a table showing the safe working loads of every kind and size of lifting machine
or chain, rope or lifting tackle in use shall be displayed in prominent positions on that
premises;

I while any person is employed or working on or near the wheel track of a travelling crane in
any place where he would be liable to be struck by the crane, effective measures shall be
taken to ensure that the crane does not approach within 6 meters of that place.
(x) Safety measures in case of use of revolving machinery

Section 30 of the Act prescribes for permanently affixing or placing a notice in every factory
in which process of grinding is carried on. Such notice shall indicate maximum safe working
peripheral speed of every grindstone or abrasive wheel, the speed of the shaft or spindle
upon such shaft or spindle necessary to secure such. safe working peripheral-speed. Speed
indicated in the notice shall not be exceeded and effective measures in this regard shall be
taken .

(xi) Pressure plant

Section 31 provides for taking effective measures to ensure that safe working pressure of
any plant and machinery, used in manufacturing process operated at pressure above
atmospheric pressure, does not exceed the limits. The State Government may make rules to
regulate such pressures or working and may also exempt any part of any plant or machinery
from the compliance of this section.

(xii) Floor, stairs and means of access

Section 32 provides that in every factory (xxiv)

all floors, steps, stairs passages and gangways shall be of sound construction and properly
maintained and shall be kept free from obstruction and substances likely to cause persons
to slip and where it is necessary to ensure safety, steps, stairs passages and gangways shall
be provided with substantial handrails,

(b) there shall, be so far as is reasonably practicable, be provided, and maintained safe
means of access of every place at which any person is at any time required to work;

I when any person has to work at a height from where he is likely to fall, provision shall be
made, so far as is reasonably, practicable, by fencing or otherwise, to ensure the safety of
the person so working.
(xiii) Pits, openings in floors etc.

Section 33 requires that in every factory every fixed vessel, sump, tank, pit or opening in the
ground or in a floor which, by reason of its depth, situation, construction, or contents is or
may be source of danger shall be either securely covered or securely fence. The State
Government may exempt any factory from the compliance of the provisions of this Section
subject to such conditions as it may prescribe

(xiv) Excessive weights

Section 34 provides that no person shall be employed in any factory to lift, carry or make
any load so heavy as to be likely to cause him injury. The State Government may make rules
prescribing the maximum weights which may be lifted, carried or moved by adult men, adult
women, adolescents and children employed in factories or in any class or description of
factories or in carrying on any specified process.

(xv) Protection of eyes

Section 35 requires the State Government to make rules and require for providing the
effective screens or suitable goggles for the protection of persons employed on or in
immediate vicinity of any such manufacturing process carried on in any factory which
involves (i) risk of injury to the eyes from particles or fragments thrown off in the course of
the process or; (ii) risk to the eyes by reason of exposure to excessive light.

(xvi) Precautions against dangerous fumes, gases etc.

Section 36 provides (1) that no person shall be required or allowed to enter any chamber,
tank, vat, pit, pipe, flu or other confined space in any factory in which any gas, fume, apour
or dust is likely to be present to such an extent as to involve risk to persons being overcome
thereby, unless it is provided with a manhole of adequate size or other effective means of
egress.
(2) No person shall be required or allowed to enter any confined space as is referred to in
sub-section (1), until all practicable measures have been taken to remove any gas, fume,
apour or dust, which may be present so as to bring its level within the permissible limits and
to prevent any ingress of such gas, fume, apour and unless.
( a ) a certificate in writing has been given by a competent person, based on a test carried
out by himself that the space is reasonably free from dangerous gas, fume, apour or dust; or
( b ) such person is wearing suitable breathing apparatus and a belt securely attached to a
rope, the free end of which is held by a person outside the confined space.

(xvii) Precautions regarding the use of portable electric light

Section 36A of the Act provides that in any factory (1) no portable electric light or any other
electric appliance of voltage exceeding 24 volts shall be permitted for use inside any
chamber, tank, vat, pit, pipe, flu or other confined space unless adequate safety devices are
provided; and (2) if any inflammable gas, fume or dust is likely to be present in such
chamber, tank, vat, pit, pipe, flu or other confined space unless adequate safety devices are
provided, no lamp or light other than that of flame proof construction shall be permitted to
be used therein.

(xviii) Explosive or inflammable dust gas, etc.

Sub-section (1) of section 37 of the Act provides that in every factory where any
manufacturing process produces dust, gas, fume or apour of such character and to such
extent to be likely to explode on ignition, all practicable measures shall be taken to prevent
any such explosion by (a) effective enclosure of the plant or machinery used in the process
(b) removal or prevention of the accumulation of such dust, gas fume or apour, and (c)
exclusion or effective enclosure of all possible sources of ignition.

(xix) Precautions in case of fire

Section 38 provides that in every factory all practicable measures shall be taken to outbreak
of fire and its spread, both internally and externally and to provide and maintain (a) safe
means of escape for all persons in the event of fire, and (b) the necessary equipment and
facilities for extinguishing fire. Effective measures shall be taken to ensure that in every
factory all the workers are familiar with the means of escape in case of fire and have been
adequately trained in the outline to be followed in such case.
(xx) Power to require specification of defective parts or test to stability

Section 39 states that when the inspector feels that the conditions in the factory are
dangerous to human life or safety he may serve on the occupier or manager or both notice
in writing requiring him before the specified date to furnish such drawings, specifications
and other particulars as may be necessary to determine whether such building, machinery
or plant can be used with safety or to carry out such test in such a manner as may be
specified in the order and to inform the inspector of the results thereof.

(xxi) Safety of buildings or machinery

Section 40 provides that the inspectors in case of dangerous conditions of building or any
part of ways, machinery or plant requires the manager or occupier or both to take such
measures which in his opinion should be adopted and require them to be carried out before
a specified date. In case the danger to human life is immediate and imminent from such
usage of building, ways of machinery he may order prohibiting the use of the same unless it
is repaired or altered.

(xxii) Maintenance of buildings

Section 40-A provides that if it appears to the inspector that any building or part of ,it is in
such a state of disrepair which may lead to conditions detrimental to the health and welfare
of workers he may serve on the manager or occupier or both, an order in writing specifying
the measures to be carried out before a specified date.

( xxiii ) Safety officers

Section 40-B provides that in every factory (i) where 1,000 or more workers are ordinarily
employed or (ii) where the manufacturing process or operation involves risk of bodily injury,
poisoning or disease or any other hazard to health of the persons employed therein, the
occupier shall employ such number of safety officers as may be specified in the notification
with such duties and qualifications and conditions of service as may be prescribed by State
Government.
Power to make rules to supplement this Chapter.

This is vested in the State Government under Section 41 for such devices and measures to
secure the safety of the workers employed in the factory.
 Health and safety program

What is health and safety program

A health and safety program is a definite plan of action designed to prevent accidents and
occupational diseases. Some form of a program is required under occupational health and
wsafety legislation in most Canadian jurisdictions. A health and safety program must include
the elements required by the health and safety legislation as a minimum.
 Corporate Social Responsibility Of Ravi Pharma.

 Community welfare
 Disaster relief
 Education
 Environment
 Girl child
 Health care
 Heritage
 conservation
 Sports

CSR Activity
There are three main CSR activities of Ravi Pharma.
 Community welfare
 Environment
 Women empowerment
 Data Analysis and Interpretation

1)How many workers and employees are working in your organisation?

NO Percentage

Worker 36.85 %
Employees 63.15 %

Total 100 %

INTERPRETATION
This is the chart of how many workers and employers are work in the organisation. The
table shows that 63.11% employees 36.85% are working in the Organisation . A blue part
are derived to workers are work in the organisation and a red part are derived to operate
are work in the organisation. The ratio of ravi pharma pvt.ltd. is high of employees.
Employees ratio is high as compare to worker .worker only 36.85 % work in the organisation
and as compare employees are 63.15 % work in the organisation.
2)Do you provide sufficient fund for health and safety management?

Yes :- 95 %
No :- 5 %

Interpretation

This chart is show as do you provide sufficient fund for health and safety management .as
per the chart show a 95 % have provide sufficient the lent and safety and 5% have not
provide and safety management . The blue part are show to how many fund are provided
for helth and safety management. The chart is show to organisation are more serious and
more thinking about the health and safety of employees.
 3) Do you have a written policy?

Yes: 90%
No: 10%

Interpretation

Interpretation

This chart is show as written policy of the organisation. Out of 100 % in 90%have written
policy and 10% have not not policy not polity at work. Blue part is show to written policy
and red part is show as to not written policy . 90 % of positive reviews of writing policy and
10 % negative writing policy .
4)Please provide information about the operators and employees gender vies:

Interpretation

This chart is show as what types of employees and workers are work in the organisation like
how many Male workers and employees are works and how many female employees and
workers are work in the organisation. There are 89.35% male and only 10.65%female
working in the organisation. The blue part is show as the Male employees and red part is
show as the female employees and workers. The total percentage 100 % out of 10 femal
employees and workers are work in the organisation and 90 % Male workers and employees
are work in the organisation.
5)Stage the group of employees and operators .

Interpretation

The chart is show to stage the group of employees and operators .There are 3.27% workers
and employees in the group20 to 30.49.18% in the age group at 31 to 40. 34.42% age group
of 41 to 50and 13.13% in the age group of 51 To 60 . The blue chart is show to 20-30 age
group, the red part is show to 31-40 age group, the pink part is show to 41-50 age group,
the purple part is show to 50-60 age group. The chart is show to 31 to 40 age group are
highest work in the company after 41 to 50 age group are work in the company the 50 to 60
age group are lowest working in the company.
6)Is their equipment serviceable maintainable?

Yes: 80%
No: 20%

Interpretation

The chart is show as the equipment of serviceable maintainable. 80% equipment

serviceable condition and 20% not serviceable conditions. The blue part is derived to
equipment serviceable maintainable.
7)Do you provide safety and glass to your workers?

Interpretation

This chart is show as to provide safety and glass to the workers . 100% out of 90 % positive
opinions are safety and glass to the workers and 10 % negative opinions to safety and glass
to the workers .the red part is derived to percentages and blue part is a
They should implement new and latest technology to enhance their production capacity.

RECOMMENDATION.

 They should appreciate and try to implement innovative ideas which are suggested
by companies employees.

 They should implement new and latest technology to enhance their production
capacity.

 They should minimise communicational gap between differentThey should minimise

communicational gap between different departments of company.

 They should try to provide training to each employs at regular time interval relates
to their area of work.

 They should promote their employees to train by outside sources and importance
their knowledge for benefits of the company
 CONCLUSION

It is received from the study that the health and safety measures adopted innovative
him sons cast private limited are provides to the workers according to the provisions of the
factories act it ravels that the awareness of the accidents like electrical shocks, finger
injures, are occurring the work place suitable ideas were suggested to avoid those accident
and to improve the health and safety in the organisation is very effective.

Most of the workers were satisfied with health and safety measures adopted in the
company if the company the implements effective disciplinary procedures. It will help the
company to go with policies and also the maintain health and safety in the organisation.
 Bibliography

Books:
HUMAN RESOURCE AND PERSONAL MANAGEMENT BY K.ASWANTHHAPPA.
HUMAN RESOURCE AND PERSONAL MANAGEMENT BY L.M.PRASAD
Website:
WWW.GOOGLE.COM
WWW.RAVI PHARMACEUTICAL.COM
WWW.RAVIPHARMACAMBAY.COM
HTTP://WWW.HRFORMANAGMENT.COM
HTTP://WWW.GOOGEL.CO.IN
 Questionnaire

1)Do you implement insurance such as for your workers?

Ans: yes

2)Detail :we provide health insurance of all employees and operators. Give the department
in Ravi Pharma private limited .

Ans : 1. Human resource department.

2. Account and finance department.
3. Production department.
4. Marketing department.

3)Do you provide any health and safety information to the visitors?

Ans: yes.

4)Visitors of the company each and stage its conducted by safety officers. Do you proceed
regular for the interval at policy?
Ans : yes
Yearly interval

5)Do you provide safety glass and gloves?

Ans: YeWe
6)We provide to employees facilities to do better work their Routine. Any health infection in
your organisation?

Ans : No

7)We provide daily shop for their cleaning and safety provide to them. Are employees
trained safe use of employment to which they are exposed?

Ans: proper training before any working helps to get before performance in safe use of
equipment to which they are exposed.

8)According to you what is health and safety of the employees and workers of the
organisation?

Ans: health and safety environment here health means occupation health and
safety to control measures at hazards expose.

9)What are the special scheme programmes in your organization for women?

Ans: Restrictive working hours

10)Their canteen and washrooms all different apart to them. What is the future plan of
organisation to improve heath land safety?

Ans: We all arrange medical and safety programme for employee in quality we are
practicing running safety health environment for important health and safety at