1a.

Null Hypothesis: There is no difference between the knowledge score before and after the
training programme.
Alternative Hypothesis: The training programme is effective and the post score is higher than the
pre score before the training programme. /
There is a difference between the knowledge score before and after the
training programme.
1b. Paired-Sample T Test
1c. Conclusion
p = 0.000, p < 0.05, we reject the null hypothesis and conclude that there is a difference between
the knowledge score before and after the training programme.

2a. Null Hypothesis: Place of origin and academic performance are independent
Alternative Hypothesis: Place of origin and academic performance are not independent

2b. chi-square value

2c. There is a significant relationship between place of origin and academic performance.

x 2= 18.409, p =0.000
Since p < 0.005, so we reject the null hypothesis and conclude that place of origin does

affect the academic performance. /we reject null hypothesis and conclude that place of

origin and academic performance are not independent

2c. Conclusion
There is a significant relationship between place of origin and academic performance

x 2= 18.409,p = 0.000
Since the p value = 0.000 which is less than 0.05, we reject the null hypothesis and conclude
that place of origin and academic performance are not independent.

3a. Null Hypothesis: The population means are all the same
Alternative Hypothesis: Not all population means are the same

Education Engineering Arts

1 2.3 2.5 3.1
2 2.2 2.7 3.3
3 2.4 2.7 3.2
4 2.3 2.9 2.9
5 2.5 2.6 3.0
Sum 11.7 13.4 15.5 40.6
Mean, 2.34 2.68 3.1 2.7067
x́

∑ X 2 = 111.58 N = 15

Statistical Mean, x́ = 2.3 + 2.2 + 2.4 + 2.3 + 2.5 + 2.5 + 2.7 + 2.7 + 2.9 + 2.6 +3.1 + 3.3 +3.2 +2.9 + 3.0

15
= 40.6
15

= 2.7067

2 (Σx)2
3b. Total Sum of Square, SST =∑ X -
N

(40.6)2
= 111.58 -
15
 = 111.58 – 109.89

= 1.69

2
T 2 (Σx)
3c. Between groups sum of square (SSB) = Σ -
N N
2
=(
11.72 13.4 2 15.52 (40.6)
+ + ¿−
5 5 5 15

= ( 27.378 + 35.912 + 48.05) – 109.89

= 111.34 – 109.89

= 1.45

SSB
Between groups means square, MSB =
K−1

1.45
= = 0.725
3−1

3d. within grous sum of square (SSW)

SSW = SST – SSB

= 1.69 – 1.45

= 0.24

SSW
Within group means square, MSW =
N −K

0.24
=
15−3

= 0.02

3e. ANOVA Summary Table

Anova: Single
Factor

SUMMARY
Varianc
Groups Count Sum Average e
Education 5 11.7 2.34 0.013
Engineering 5 13.4 2.68 0.022
Arts 5 15.5 3.1 0.025
ANOVA
Source of
Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
1.44933 0.72466 36.2333 8.22E- 3.88529
Between Groups 3 2 7 3 06 4
Within Groups 0.24 12 0.02

1.68933
Total 3 14        

3f. One Way Analysis of Variance using SPSS

Variable View

Data View
Aanlyze Compare Means One Way Anova
Decision: p = 0.000, since p < 0.05, we reject null hypothesis and conclude that not all population
means are the same

3g. Post Hoc Test