‘nm thickness of noulation sith R= 019 Wri ss added on the inade. The furnace wall operotureand the surrounding temperature ancl sanction cofistn! pemain schanged Determine the reaction in heat flow and reduction inthe outside sutface temperature. Also {ind the overall heat trensercefiient andthe tompertare gradient ineach ler. Solutions Case Fig P20) kop wme ewe ‘oars ( -zrm’s ou pose e-serm we 3 aa a ig P21. Friem nose: To find the outside wall temperature: Consider usit arn aad convection on the outnde Q= AAAI, 2500-277, —20) F122Case 2 Fig. P2106) Wat, —30)= 1080.1 7,=7045°C, 1082. Rorok WEL us a7 *27 pe Wi Dav OSSIS Oe TERE Check: (Q= UA(AT) =1.126 x 14000 -30)= 10922 0 Thetemperatare gradient i the frst ayer is 1000-45995 _ Pees = _7260.67°Cim Thetemperatare gradient inthe second layer is 45395-7045 -042.86°Cin, ‘0557 Problem 2.2: A composite slab is made of 75 mm thick loser of material uith thermal conductivity 019 W/mK and 0.97 m thick layer of materit of thermal conductivity 1.7 W/ ‘mE The inner surface ia maintained at 1000°C while the eater urface as cxponed ia comection {air ct 30°Cuwith convection coefficient of 27 W/mK. The heat flow was megnured os 1080 (20 agcinet the calculated vabue of 1.092 HW. It 2 presumed that this may be due fo contact ressatence Determine the contact resistance and th temperature drop atthe rater. Somation: oso. R=0S9ECR =0.90g = 2075 , 0597 | 1 R=0.508= O01 O38Problem 2.3: double glaced window ia made of2glase panes of 6 mm thick cach with on air (gop of 6 mm between them. Assuming thatthe cit layer is stagnant ond only conduction {nvolued. determine the thermal resistance and overall heat tranaercoefiient. The inside fs ‘exposed to coneection with h= 13 W/miK and the ouside to 9 Wim. Compare the valuco ‘with thot of «single elas of 12 mm thickness, The conductivity of the glass = 1.4 W/m and ‘hal for air a 0.085 W/m. aye 18 0043+ 0.11=0.426'Cmiw Problem 24: A composite wall is made wp of 3 layers of thickness 25 em. 10cm and 15cm with thermal conductivities of 17, hy and 93 Wm The outside surface s exposed fo ei at 20°C with convection coeficient of 13 W/m'K and the inside i exposed to gases at 1200°C with “aconvection coefficient of 28 W/m! Kand the inside surface iat 10S0°C Determine the unkncten ‘thermal conductivity. all surface temperatures. resistances ofeach layer and the over all heat transfer coefficient. Compare the temperature gradients inthe three layers. ‘Solution: As the gas temperature, inside surface temperature and convection coulGicienta are ‘knows, che heat fow can be ound Assuming unit area, (@=28 1200 1080) = aa80W ‘The heat flow is the same allthrough and is equal to Total temperature deep Totalcae the ree! (a) 30 soo 5 1028 on 28 Toalredaame = 20228494, 218. 1 -osircnsnt Ove heat wan cofcens= = = 2.86 Wha? To determine the oucface temperature, the heat flow is equated to the Ceamperature ophresicrance) ofeach layer 1080-7, - mt 1, = 555.00 = Ran 9960-16 BT _281-T = 2a. 9900- is7as- gisias ~ T3280 (Chock using outside convection 24895 —20 9: BS - aaso2sw Resistance of layers including convection are: 0.0357, 0.147, 0.086, 0.0156, 0.007°C = Temperature gradient st layer = 585.9 1080=—4941°C. gradient = a ar vi a =19764°Chmcomposite wall is made of 12 mm and 18mm layers of materials of thermal conduetiity 12.5 and 22.5 W/mK. The contact resistance betwen eurface 23. 10%'m=°C)W. ‘The hot side exposed to flud oi 400°C with h= 13 W/mK and the cld vide i expeced to Mesds af 60°C with h~ 400 W/mK. Determine the heal flow, temperature drop af various resistances ond overall hea transfer cefficieat. Comment on the contribution of contact revstance. Solution: The specified data exe shown in Fig. P. 25, Ascaming anit area se nerswate PNET Eg ame 2) RS ee SEVEN EME EM\AE oo RON ON . Fig. P. 2.5. Problem model ‘Tocalnesisance sf __ 100-60 5 “R Tareaaas STL W Temperatare drop Asteonvectioa layer: Q= hyT_—T,) T.=14944rc wbubo-T) at, =280.858°CProblem 26:4 composite slab is made of thre: layers 15cm, 10cm and 12cm thickness The {rst layer of materal uith thermal eonductity 143 jor 60% ofthe area and the reat 2f Imaterialwithconductity of 25 mK The second layerie made ofmaterial aath conductivity 0125 W/m fr 50% area and of material with conductivity 18.3 W/mK ie used for the other 130%. The third layer is of smgle material of thermal conductivity 0.76 W/mK. The slab is ‘exposed on ene sideto warm ait at 20°C and! cold air at~20°C ox the other ide The convection Sreffctents are 15 amd 20 W/mK on the inode and oulide respectively. Determine the heat {flow and inierfuce temperatures Solution: Tee sherml resistances of the five material section are found assuming a totalarea cfm? Refer Bg P26 SNe Se Ra Re Re Re a © ons, 045 is = 008867. R= Tas x05 -Ro= Tan35 oa. oa ox Fo=qas08 Bo Gesn0s B= Trea 1 Ry E x10 282 75x 108 = x10 282 75x10ect B18 a cgor(tesea0 “x 22=I5888) 7150 2 OL 232.08 W, checks 7 Q sors = u Taide surfice —-R=0007 (+ 15» 10* +260) =0.0978 Wank 2nx 04