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Fluidization XVI - Impact of Column Geometry and Internals on Gas and

Particle Flows in a Fluidized Bed with Downward Solids Circulation

Poster · May 2019

DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.19764.71047/1

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5 authors, including:

Yohann Cochet Cedric Briens

ICFAR (Western University) The University of Western Ontario
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Franco Berruti Francisco Javier Sanchez Careaga

The University of Western Ontario The University of Western Ontario
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 Impact of Column Geometry and Internals on Gas and Particle Flows in a Fluidized
Bed with Downward Solids Circulation
Yohann Cochet, Cedric Briens,
Jennifer McMillan
Franco Berruti, Francisco J. Sanchez Careaga
Agglomerate formation
1- Fluid CokingTM Technology Hydrocarbons products 2-
condensates Main
Fluid Cokers in concept Increase t10
Canada: % of liquid from initial
- 400 000 bbl/day agglomerate reaching the
- 15-20 % of Canada’s stripper in bypassing
oil sands production
agglomerate
REACTOR Less liquid reaches stripper
Agglomerate fully dried

Coke t10: time for the fastest 10% of the 𝑏𝑒𝑑 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠
(Modified from Syncrude, 2014) (500 – 550 °C) 𝝉=
agglomerates 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑑 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒
BURNER 3 - How to reduce wet solids reaching
Formation of the stripper in industrial Fluid Cokers?
Bitumen agglomerates
(350 °C)

Use ring baffles Change bitumen feeding

Hot Coke
profile
Steam
Fouling
(Modified from Stripper issue
Possible unit
Murray R. Gray, 2014) Cold Coke modifications
Liquid losses
(ExxonMobil , 11th
to burner
International BBTC
Conference, 2013)
Objective: ↓ liquid losses & fouling
by changing the solids residence time Fouling Shed
distribution
(Modified from Syncrude, 2009)

4 - Equipment 5 - Formation- Cold Coke Cold Coke

Mean residence to-stripper 7 - Axial

time: 2 min time tracer
1.8
Injection level, E
velocity
1.6 top view One time distribution per
formation zone (jet tip) Impact of
1.4 Dhigh = D
redistribution
25 cm
1.2 Bed height: on solids
C
Height (m)

1.25m Formation-to-stripper time distribution hydrodynamics

1 1.0
Air: as Bank A
Formation-to-stripper cumulative time

0.9 B
0.8 Air simulated 0.8 Overall bed m.s-1

0.6 injections 0.7

A
distribution

0.6
Bank B
0.4 0.5
0.4 Short tail =negative
0.2 Dlow = 0.3 bypassing of Bank C
20 cm 0.2
agglomerates
0 0.1
Bank D
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 Air: as 0.0
Bank E 0.87 m.s-1
Velocity (m/s) fluidisation gas 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10
Fluid Coke: t’10 = t10/τ t/τ
- dpm = 140 μm 𝑏𝑒𝑑 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠
- ρpart = 1480 kg/m3 𝝉=
𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑑 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒

6 - Reduction of short formation-to-stripper 8 - Liquid reaching stripper

times = reduction of bypassing Baffle + Baffle +
Larger is 55% Agglomerate redistribution redistribution
better Adding ring positive detrimental
Changing bitumen 50% (L/S)0 = 0.3
trapped reaching the stripper

Adding ring baffles baffle(s) &

Proportion of liquid initially

feeding profile
changing bitumen 45%
20
feeding profile 40%
Baffle Baffle
t'10/(t’10)BASELINE

35%
10 9 positive detrimental
8 30%
7
6 25%
5 LIGHT Tracer Stronger
4 20% upward flow
3 after
15%
modification
Baseline 2 10% Redistribution (Bubble flow)
0.87 m.s-1 HEAVY Tracer 5% positive
11
0.87 m.s-1 0.87 m.s-1 0.87 m.s-1 0%
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 0.87 m.s-1
Agglomerate diameter (mm)

• Wet agglomerates (1080-1240 kg/m3)

Conclusion: Redistribution reduces liquid losses for all
View publication stats
• Solids & micro-agglomerates (880-970 kg/m3) agglomerate size vs. only for small agglomerates with baffle