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    8 views17 pages

    US20100071634

    Uploaded by

    tarek ali ahmed

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    (2) Patent Application Publication KIM cu») United States ‘US 2010007163441 ao) Pub. No.: US 2010/0071634 Al (43) Pub. Date: Mar. 25, 2010 (54) FURNACE OF BOILER FOR POWER STATION (76) Inventor: Byung-Doo KIM, Seoul (KR) Comespondence Address: LARA, 3550 WILSHIRE BLVD. 171 FLOOR LOS ANGELES, CA 90010 (US) (21) Appl.No: — 121868,569 (22) Filed Sep.23, 2009) G0) Forcign Application Priority Data Sep.23,2008 (KR) 10-2008-0093199 Sep. 23,2008 (KR) 10-2008-0003201 ‘Sep.3,2009 (KR) 10.2009.0083113, Publication Classification (SH Ince. F2B 2124 (2006.01) F228 2304 (2006.01), F228 25/00 (2006.01) FRD V2 (2006.01), FRB 3726 (2006.01), F2G 74 (2006.01), (2) US.CL 122/238.14; 122/285.23; 1221332; 1224406.1; 122/468; 122/488 on ABSTRACT A furnace of boiler forapower plantincludesan outer water tube section adapted 19 receive water from the outside and Dat the water ino hot water (including steam); and an inner water tube section adapted to receive water from the outside and heat the water into hot water including steam) while allowing the water to be moved upwardly. The outer water tube section is formed in a shape gradually increasing or substantially uniform in diamcter from the bottom toward the le portion M, and gradually dereasing, increasing and resing atin in diameter from the middle portion M ‘owand the top, and the inner water tube section is formed in shape gradually deerewsing and increasing in diameter from the Dotiom toward the middle portion M, and gradually ‘decreasing, increasing and decreasing again in diameter from the middle portion M toward the to. ‘US 2010/0071634 AL Patent Application Publication Mar. 25,2010 Sheet 2 of 7 FIG. 2 Patent Application Publication Mar. 25, 2010 Sheet 3 of 7 US 2010/0071634 AI FIG. 3 Patent Application Publication Mar. 25,2010 Sheet 4 of 7 ‘US 2010/0071634 AL FIG. 4 FIG. 5 Patent Application Publication Mar. 25,2010 Sheet 5 of 7 ‘US 2010/0071634 AL Patent Application Publication Mar. 25,2010 Sheet 7 of 7 ‘US 2010/0071634 AL US 2010/0071634 AI FURNACE OF BOILER FOR POWER STATION (CROSS REFERENC! [0001] This application claims foreign priority under Pris Convention to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2008 (0093199 fed 28 Sep. 2008, Korean Patent Application No, 10-2008-0093301 filed 23 Sep. 2008, and Korean Patent Applicaton No, 10-2009-0083113 fled 3 Sep. 2009, with the Korean Intellectual Property Office, where the entire contents are incorporated berein by reference. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 10002] 1. Field ofthe Invention {0003} The presentinventonreltesto a fumaee of boiler for a power plant in which combustion space dened between an oter water tube seton anda inner water tube section is formed in shape closest othe mitral shape of flame so thatthe contact atea between the water tube sections andthe flame is increased to increasing the temperature of water heated nthe water tube sections the Furnace, thereby ‘cahancing te thermal efiieny. {0004} Also, the present invention rates wo a fumaee of ¢ boiler fora powerplant in which water fe to the farnace is ‘gain fedioan ner water tube section viaanouter water tube Section 30 tht a load of fod water pomp is greatly rio, thereby increasing th thermal ficiency othe entre sytem, nln inner water tobe wal prevents formation of fireball ‘and act superheater so 98 fo abort heat genre roa flames ina large amon, therchy preventing the thermal NOx Formation caused by high-temperature fie bl and prevente ing an ash combustion residue from being molten by the hib-temperacre ire ball form slg. 10005) Inadktion, the present invention relates toa furnace ‘ofaboilerfors power plat, in which water fe the farnace is primarily heated tobe separated into hot water and steam in an outer water tube scton and only the separate scam is secondarily heated in an inner water tube Section S03 fo produe ssupedhcated sicass more rpidy than in te ease ‘whe water and steam ae ated 10006} 2. Bockuround Ar 10007} in general oiler widely used ina thermoelectic powerplant is larly divide into a oa ire boiler, a Fired boiler and gos fired boiler. Among them, the coal red boiler occupies the majors of theamount of electctyaen- ‘eration, ands roughly classified ian pulverized coal-ied boiler and fui bed ile {0008} Since te pulverized coal-fired boiler burns pul ‘rized (or powdered) oat shows high combustion ef= enc) Bat prodicesnitogen oxides (NOx) hana to the mmospherie environment dt high-emperaure combos tion Tins, the pulverized coal-fired blr is adopted in @ large-scale power plant which s equipped witha ltge-sized dst collector capable of treating te nitrogen oxides (NON). Since the fuze he boiler barns coarse coal particles itis inhibits production ofthe nitrogen oxides (NOx) due (the low combustion tempest. Ths in ose to improve the heat transfor effect in which the heat of the flame tans fern to water tubes, the sized bed boiler fats allows sand granules to be biosn upwardly from the bottom of the mace to Beat the snd grams and allows the thie ested sand granules to be moved downwardly along water tbe Mar. 25, 2010 section disposed at the outside of the furnace, thereby improving the thermal elfciacy. [0009] For this reason, in ease of the pulverized coal-fired boiler having shigh combustion elliciency the researches are actively in progress to inhibit production of the nitrogen oxides (NOx). Meanwhile, incase of the Muidized bed boiler, attempts are being made to expand the scale a the furnace to Jmprove the themal efficieney. [0010] In the present inveniion, an example of the pulver= Jed coal-fired boiler occupying the majority ofthe coal burn ‘ng thermal power generation will be deserbed. [0011] conventional pulverized coal-fired boiler is con- structed such that a waler tube measuring 7 kilometers in length is aranged in a zigzag pattern in the vertical and horizontal directions so as to maximally absorb the heat rom ‘lame erupting upwardly. 0012} Since such a conventional pulverized coal-fired boiler adopts method in which a plurality of water tubes are densely arranged vertically to increase the heat absomption elfcieney from the fume, a load of a feed water pump is Abnormally increased which circulates water while forcibly ‘evering the natural ow direction ofthe scum so that the ‘water flows an elongated small-diameter water tube having a Jane low resistance [0013] A motor driving this feed water pump consumes 30-40% of the power plant internal consumption. Als, the ‘conventional pulverized coal-fired boiler entails a disadvan- ‘age in that it exhausts the nitrogen oxides (NOx) ina large amount, melts the ash to form sticky slag to thereby produce ‘large amount of elinker, and fouls the filter, whieh makes Jmpossible tose an inexpensive low-rank coal [0014] Inorder to solve sucha problem, asshown inFIG. 1, there is proposed a constrection ofa furnace ofa pulverized coal-fired boiler of Korean Registration Patent No. 10-0764903, ia which aa inner water tube wall consisting of plurality of water tubes is installed vertically at heceaterot ‘an outer water tube wall 6 disposed vertically adjacent wo the inner circumference of the furnace so that the fuel injected {om fel injection nozzles mounted onthe outer water ube wall 6s mt while rotating along the outer circumference of the inner water tube wall 8 to create a tubular pillar offre between the inner and outer water tube walls 8 andl 6 thereby preventing a phenomenon in which the lame is concentrated none spot tobe raised an ultra-high temperature aswell as so that ai lower in temperature than the Mame is inroduced {ntocombustion space S defined between te inter and outer Water tube walls 8 and 6 trough air injetion holes formes ia the inner water tube wall 8 sos to prevent the flame (F) rom being excessively usd toa ultra-high temperature, thereby reducing the amount of nitogen oxides (NOx) generated ‘upon the burning of nitrogen in the ae by the high-tempera- ture flame. However, the Korean Registration Patent No. 10.0764903 still invoives a problem in that aot oF heat of the convective gas generated in the furnace is not transtered 19 and absorbed by a water tbe section ofthe furnace, but is ‘moved upwardly to absorb the remained heat while passing through a superheater and a reheater, resulting in a great ‘increase inthe height of an upper layer of the furnace. ‘SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0018] Accordingly the present invention has been made in ‘anelfort to solve the aforementioned problems occurring ia the prior art, and itis an object ofthe present invention to provide a furnace of a boiler for a power plant, in which a US 2010/0071634 AI ‘combustion space defined between an outer Water tube see tion and an inner water tbe section is formed in a shape ‘closest tothe natural shape ofa flame so thatthe contact area between the water tube sections and the Ham is increased t0 improve the temperature of water heated in the Water tube sections ofthe furnace, thereby improving the heat absorption ‘ellcieney atthe botiom ofthe boiler. 10016] Another abject ofthe present invention ito provide ‘furnace ofa boiler fora power plant, in which bent portions fare formed at water tue ssctions above the flame 80 83 #0 allow a convective gas having convective heat to pass there- through so thatthe water te sections ofthe fumace actively absorb the convective heat of the convective gas, thereby ‘urtherimproving the heat absorption efficiency atthe bottom of the boiler 10017] Yet another object of the present invention is 10 provide afumace ofa boiler Fora power plat, in which water fad to the furnace is again fed wo an inner water tube section Viaan outer water ube section so that an inner wate tube Wall disposed at a low position acts as © supetheater so 98 10 ‘decrease the height of both the entire water bes and the boiler thereby reducing the construction cost, and the lngth ‘of the water tubes are greatly reduced 30 as to significantly ‘decrease a load of feed water pump, thereby increasing the thermal eficeney ofthe entire systen 10018] Sill another object of the present invention is 10 provide a furnace of boiler fora power plant, in which an Inner water ube wall prevents formation of fireball nd act sa superheatrso ast absor heat generated from Maes in ‘large amount thereby preventing the thermal NOx form tion eaused by a high-temperature ie ball and preventing an ash combustion residue from being molten by the high-fem- perature fire ball to form slag [0019] A further object of the present invention is to pro- Vide furnace ofa boiler fora power plan, in which water fed to the fumace is primarily heated 19 be separated into hot ‘water and steam in an outer water tube section, and only the separated steam is secondarily heated in an inner water tube section so as to produce a superheated steam more rapidly than in the ease Where Waler and steam are heated. [0020] | Toaccomplish theabove objects, according ta fst ‘embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a umaceof aboilerforapower plant, including: an outer water tue section adapted ta receive water from the outside and heat the water intohot wate including steam) whileallowing the water to be moved upwardly; and an ioner water tube section disposed within theouler water tube section, the inner Water tube section being adapted to receive water from the ‘ouside and heat the water into hot water Gncluding steam) ‘while allowing the water to be moved upwardly, The ovter Water tube section is formed in a shape which gradually ‘increases or is substantially uniform in diameter from the bottom thereof toward the middle portion M thereof, and sradually decreases, increase and decreases again in diameter trom the middle portion M thereof ward the top thereof, and the inner water tube section is formed in 2 shape which aradually decreases and increases in diameter fro the bot- tom thereof toward the middle portion M thereof, and grodi- ally dacreases, increase and decreases again in diametee fom the middle porion M thereof tard the top thereof. eom- bustion space defined between the outer and inner water tube sections is formed in a shape which gradually increases and decreases in diameter from the bottom thereof towand the Mar. 25, 2010 [021] To accomplish the shove objects, according to 2 second embodiment of the present invention, there #8 pro- vided a furnace of a boiler fora power plant, including: an ‘outer water tube section adapted to allow a bottom portion thereol to receive water from the outside and heat the water into hot water (inluding steam) while allowing the water t0 be moved upwardly, an inner water tube section disposed within the outer water tube section, the inner water tube section being adapted to allow a bottom portion thereof 10 receive the hot water and steam from the outer water tube section and heat the hot water ato steam while allowing the bot water to be moved upwardly: a downcomer tube adapted ‘to supply hot water (including steam) moved toa top portion of the otier water tube section tothe bottom portion of the inner Water tube section; and steam collecting chamber adapted to receive the heated steam moved toa tp portion oF the inner water te section along the inner water tube see- [0022] To accomplish the above objects, according to a ‘third embodiment ofthe present invention, there is provided ‘a Tamace ofa boiler fora poster plan, including: an outer ‘water tube sction adapted to allot a bottom portion thereof to receive water from the outside and heat the water ito hot ‘water including steam) while allowing the water to bemoved ‘upwardly: steam and water separator adapted to receive the ‘hot water (including seam) Irom the outer water tube Section ‘and separate the hot water iato water ad steams aa ianer Water tube section adapted to allow a botiom portion thereof ‘o receive the seam separated in the steam and water separa- torand hea he team into superheated steam while allowing the steam to be moved upwardly; and a steam collecting chamber adapted to receive the bested steam moved to op portion of the nner water tube section along the inner water fube section. The water separated in the steam and water separator again supplied to the bottom portion ofthe outer water tube section, BRIEE DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS. [0023] The above and other objects, features and advan- tages of the present invention will be apparent from the fl- lowing detailed deseription ofthe prefered embadiments of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying draw ings, in which: [0024] FIG. Lisa panally cut perspective view illustrating ‘conventional fimaceofa boiler fora power plant according to the prio at, [02S] FIG. 2isapanially cut perspective view illustrating a Tumee of a boiler for a power plant acconing (0a fi ‘embodiment of the present invention; [0026] FIG. 3isacrose-setional view lusting farnace ‘ofa boiler fora power plant according toa fist embodiment ofthe preset invention: [0027] FIG. 4isatop plan view illustrating the arrangement fof the outer and inner water tube scctions installed in a com- bastion chamber of a boiler for a power plant according to 3 first embodiment of the presen invention: [0028] FIG. 5 isa vertical cross-sectional view illustrating air injection holes formed in an inner water tube section installed in a combustion chamber of a oiler for a poser plant according t a first embodiment of the present inven- ions US 2010/0071634 AI 10029] FIG. 636 partially eu perspective view illustrating 8 furnace ofa boiler fora power plant according to a second ‘embodiment ofthe present invention; [0030] FIG. 7 isa top perspective view illustrating an inner ‘water tobe wal installed in @ combustion chamber ofa boiler Tora power plant according to second embodiment of the present inventions and [0031] FIG. 882 parially cut perspective view illstrating a fumace ofa boiler fora power plant sccording to third ‘embodiment ofthe present invention, DETAILED DESCRIPTION 10032] Reference will now be made in detail w the pre- fored embodiment of the present invention, examples of ‘which are illstated in the deawings attached hercinafer, wherein like reference numerals refer to like clements throughout. In the following description, a variety of devices such ae steam and water separator and the like are the same ‘a those of conventional boiler, and thus will be omitted 10 ‘Noid redundancy. 10033] FIG. 238 parially cut perspective view illustrating ‘8 Fumace of « boiler fora power plant according to a fist ‘embosiiment ofthe present invention, FIG. ¥is a erosssoe= tional view illustrating a mace ofa boiler fora powerplant according to first embodiment ofthepresent invention, FIG. ‘fis top plan view illustrating the armingemeat ofthe ovter and inner Water tube soctons installed in combustion cham- ber ofa buier for a power plat according oa fist embodi- ment ofthe present invention, and FIG. 8 is vertical eross- sectional view illusiating air injection holes formed in ua nner wate tube setion installed ina combustion chamber af “boiler fora power plant according to first embodinent of the present invention. 10034) "As shown in FIGS. 2108, furnace 1 ofa boiler for power plant according toa first embodiment of the present invention inclodes a outer water tube section 10 disposed at the inner cireumiference thereof and consisting of «plurality ‘of water tubes connectingly extending along a furnace wall 2 thereof, and an inner water tube section 20 disposed within the outer water the section Wand consisting oF a plurality of ‘water tubes connectingly extending. [0035] -Theouter water be section Winchadesa firs loser header 11 disposed ata lower portion thereof and adapted 10 receive water from the ouside, an outer water tube Wall 12 adapted to receive the water introduced into the first lower hheadee 11 from the frst lower header 11 and heat the itro- ‘duced water into hot water (inching steam) while allowing the water to be moved upwanly along a plurality of water tubes. and first upper header 13 disposed stan upper portion thereof and adapteto collect the hot water (ineluding steam) ‘moved upwardly along the outer water tube wall 12 0036] The inner water tube section 20 includes a second Tower header 21 disposed at a lower portion thereof and adapted to receive water fom the outside, an inner water tube ‘wall 22 adapted to receive the wate introdiveed into the soe> ‘ond lower header 21 from the second lower header 21 and heat the introdueed water into hot water (including steam) while allowing the water lo be moved upwardly slong # phuclity of water tubes, and a second upper head 23 dis: posed a an upper portion thereof and adzpied to collect dhe hot water (including steam) moved upwarly along the inner ster tube wall 12 10037] A space define between the outer fumace wall and the outer water tube section 10s filled with a heat insulating Mar. 25, 2010 vateial 3, and each ofthe outer water tube wall 12 and the inner water tube wall 22 is constructed such tht a stip- shaped connecting lamella, i. membrane 14 is disposed between two adjacent water tubes, respectively, in such a fashion that a plurality of membranes is eireumferentially ‘arranged in parillel with one another, so that the membranes and he respective water tubes are jointly connected with each ther by parallel welding so as to form a circular wall to thereby support the outer water tube wall 12 and the ianer water tube wall 22 [0038] Also, the frst upper header 13 and the second upper header 23 are connected to a superhester (aot shown) nounted on the top ofthe fuace 1 0039} Meanwhile the outer water tube wall 12 is formed ina shape which gradually increases or is substantially uni- ‘orm in diameter from the bortom thereat toward the middle portion M thereof, and gradually decreases, increase and Seereases again in diameter from the middle portion. M toward the top thereof. Also the inner water tube wall 22 is isposed within the outer water tube wall 12. Theinner water tube wall 2 is formed ina shape which pradually decreases and increases in diameter from the bottom thereo toward the ‘middle porion M thereof, and gradually decreases, increase ‘nd decreases again in diameter from the midale portion M ‘owandthe top thereof relative to the outer water tube wall 12. Inthiscase, the shapes ofthe outer and inner water tbe walls 10.nd20 from the middle portion Mito the top thereof may be repeated in a vigzag patter, [0040] Thus, a combustion space S defined between the ‘outer and inner water tube sections 10 and 20 is formed in a shape which gradually increases and decreases in diameter from the bottom thereof toward the middle portion M thereof, ‘and is formed in a serpentine shape which is substantially ‘uniform in wid from the middle portion M thereof toward the top thereof. That i, lower portion of the combustion space S bulges outwardiy atthe center thereof like an eath- cenware jar, and an upper portion of the combustion space Sis ormed ina serpentine shape which is uniform in width while ‘being smaller in width than the lower portion of the combus- tion space, so that acandle-shaped fame generated between thelr and inner Water tube walls escapes upsvatdl. Ia this cease, the radiation heat of the flame emitted in all directions heats a large surface area suerounded by the top and the bottom of the fumaoe, and the convective heat ofthe flame ‘comes into elose contact with more water tubes while passing through the middle portion and the serpentine portion ofthe combustion space $, thereby increasing the heat transfer effet of the lame [0041] In addition, the outer water tube wall 12 includes 2 plurality of fel injection nozzles 18 formed thereon in sueh «fashion as fo be arranged spaced apart from one another at repulse intervals along a circumferential direction and a Jengthwise direction. The fuel injected fom the fuel injection nozzles 15 is injected into the combustion space 8 dein ‘between the outer and inner water tube walls 12 and 22 10 orm a lage eurved tubular Name F so as to heat the water flowing in the outer and inner water tube walls 12 and 22, The ‘outer surfaces ofthe outer and inner water tube walls 12 and 22 are preferably subjected to a corrosion-resistant costing and a high temperature and corrosion resistant coating so ast0 prevent high-lemperature corrosion and thermal damage. [042] As shown in FIG. 8, the inner water tube wall 22 includes a plurality of air injection holes 24 formed in a brane thereof, The ar injection holes 24 serves to drop US 2010/0071634 AI the temperature ofthe fame F generated upon the burning of the fuel injected into the combustion spoce between the inner Water tube Wall 22 and the outer water tube wall 12 with aie supplied form an ir pump connected with the inner space of the inner water tube wall 22 so a8 to provent the Water from being heated to an ullrs-high temperature, [0043] The opemtion of the furnace of a boiler fora power plant according to fist embodiment ofthe present invention as consructed above will be described hereinafter in detail, (0044) Firs, afer all the water tubes are filled with water ‘and the interior ofthe furnace 1 is heated by erupting the ‘lame with an oil bumer, when the fuel i injected into the ‘lame ofthe oil burner With air trough the plurality of fuel injction navies 14 mounted on the outer water tube wall 12 ‘or a pulverized (or povsdered) coal from: the bottom of the Jumace i injected into the lame othe oil Bumer, the pulver- Jed coal i ignited ina state where the fumace 1 is heated by the lame ofthe oil burner. Then, when the pulverized eoal stars to be burt, a user extinguishes the ofl bumer 10045] ‘The outer water tube section 10 and the inner water tube section 20 allow the fis lower header 11 and the second lower header 21 to receive water from the outside, heat the Water into hot water (including steam) while allowing the ‘ater to be moved upwardly along the outer water tube wall, 12 and the inaer water tube wall 22. Thea, the hot water and steam are supplied to andeollectedin he firs upperheader 13 ‘and the second upper header 2. [0046] | When pulverized coal flame F grows ands shaken Turously, the air is injected into the combustion space S betwoen the inner water tube wall 22nd the outer water tube wall 12 through the ar injection holes 24 of the inner water the wall 22 [0047] Tn the meantime, the fuel injection nozzles 18 ‘mounted on the onter water tube wall 12 are oriented in 2 tangential direction with respect to the inner water tbe wall 22 so that the Name F generated upon the burning ofthe fuel injected from the fuel injection nozles 1S is captured in the ‘combustion space Sin sucha fashion ast collide against and to be reflected from the inner water tube section 20, and thea ‘o again collide against the outer water tube seetion to thereby ‘ereate a tuba pillar of ire. [0048] Thus, siace the flame F rotates ina tangential dire: tionof theinner water tube wall 2 in thecombustion space S between the outer and inner water tube walls 10 aud 20, 9 phenomenon does not oecur in which the flame generated ‘upon the burning of the fuel injected from the fue injection nozzles 15 is concentrated in one spot. Therefore, the tem- perature ofthe flame F is not raised to the temperatre at ‘whic nitrogen is oxidized as well 9s cool aris injected fom, the outside through the ai injection holes 24 of the inner water tube wall 2, if necessary, so that the temperature ofthe flame is lowered. Therefore, le Name F generated upon the bbuming ofthe fel injected fron the fuel injection nozzles 1S in the combustion space § is not boosted to an ult-high temperature of 1304" C. 10049] In the meantime, the combustion space S defined between the outer and inner water tube walls 10 and 20 is Jormed ina shape which gradually increases and decreases in

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