ASAS PEMBUDAYAAN Topic 1:

Introduction to
KEUSAHAWANAN (MPU 32092) Entrepreneurship
WHY YOU HAVE TO
LEARN
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
?
CURRENT PERFORMANCE & ISSUES MALAYSIA
ENTREPRENEURSHIP PERFORMANCE IN MALAYSIA
ENTREPRENEURSHIP PERFORMANCE IN MALAYSIA
UNEMPLOYMENT RATE
CURRENT ISSUES

Source: EAP-HEIs
2021-2025
MISSION Malaysia
 Datuk Seri
Dr. Noraini
Ahmad
Minister of Higher
Education
Malaysia
• EAP-HEIs 2021-2025 aims to enrich the
implementation of entrepreneurship agenda in
Malaysian HEIs

• The implementation is accomplished by cultivating

entrepreneurial mindsets among graduates and
producing graduate entrepreneurs with the right
attributes, knowledge, and skills to become
sustainable, competitive entrepreneurs. W

Source: EAP-HEIs
2021-2025
DEFINITION OF ENTREPRENEUR Someone who established a
new entity to offer a new/
existing product/service into a
new/existing market, whether it
is for a profitable/non-
profitable outcome (Sarimah et
Individual who organizes,
al., 2018)
manages, and assumes
the risks of a business
(Kuratko & Hodgetts,
2001)
Thompson (1999) views
an entrepreneur as
someone who is able to
identify unexploited
business opportunities.
DEFINITION OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Entrepreneurship refers to the
concept of developing and
managing a business venture in
order to gain profit by taking
several risks in the corporate
world. Simply put,
entrepreneurship is the
willingness to start a new
business. Entrepreneurship has
played a vital role in the
economic development of the
expanding global marketplace.
According to Low and McMillan
(1988), entrepreneurship is the
creation of new enterprises.
Bruyat and Julien (2000),
entrepreneurship is seen as a
change process, that results in
the creation of new values and
entrepreneur as business
founder.
ENTREPRENEUR VS BUSINESSMAN
EXAMPLES OF SUCCESSFUL ENTREPRENEUR
 TYPES OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP

https://youtu.be/Lrm2pD0qofM

Specifically, we define social innovation as

new ideas (products, services and
models) that simultaneously meet social
needs and create new social relationships or
collaborations. In other words, they are
innovations that are both good for society
and enhance society’s capacity to act.”
WHAT IS THE MEANING OF ENTREPRENEURIAL
COMPETENCIES?
▪ Competence is defined by Stoof (2005) as a combination of knowledge, skills and
attitudes which required by employees in their jobs or tasks

▪ Entrepreneurial Competencies refer to key characteristics possessed by successful

entrepreneurs in performing entrepreneurial function effectively.
 COMPETENCIES OF SUCCESSFUL ENTREPRENEURS
No. Competencies Definition
1 Risk assumption Ability to tolerate ambiguity and uncertain situations and make sound decisions in
this situation, while being able to control own emotions.

2 Autonomy / self- Capacity for making independent decisions based on a clear understanding of the
determination possibilities and the responsibility that it entails.

3 Search and analysis of Ability to find and share useful business information for problem-solving using the
information full potential of the company.

4 Quality of work Ability to work intensively and tenaciously to achieve the objectives, seeking
continuous improvement.

5 Communication Ability to listen, ask questions, express ideas and concepts effectively
 COMPETENCIES OF SUCCESSFUL ENTREPRENEURS
No Competencies Definition
6 Self-confidence Ability to address new challenges with an attitude of confidence in their own
possibilities, decisions or views.

7 Develop social Ability to create and maintain a network of contacts with agents that are or will be
networks/ generation of useful in achieving the goals.
support networks
8 Dynamism Ability to work hard and continuously in changing situations, with many different
partners.

9 Change management Ability to adapt to different contexts, situations, people and media quickly and
appropriately.

10 Initiative Willingness to take action, create opportunities and improve outcomes without an
external requirement.
 COMPETENCIES OF SUCCESSFUL ENTREPRENEURS
No Competencies Definition
11 Innovation Ability to produce an original, unexpected and appropriate (timely, useful) new
work according to the needs of the context.

12 Integrity Ability to act in accordance with what is said or considered important.

13 Leadership Ability to guide the action of human groups in a certain direction by creating an
atmosphere of energy and commitment, setting goals, following up these goals and
giving feedback that integrates the views of others.

14 Self-control Ability to control themselves and know their own limitations.

15 Results orientation Ability to promote, guide and select behaviour in order to achieve the goals.
 COMPETENCIES OF SUCCESSFUL ENTREPRENEURS
No Competencies Definition
16 Social mobility Ability to raise or lower position in the scale of economic well-being.

17 Negotiation Ability to lead or control a discussion creating an environment for collaboration and
making lasting commitments to strengthen the relationship.

18 Troubleshooting Ability to flexibly assume boundary situations and overcome them and ability to
handle contradictions.

19 Responsibility Ability to maintain consistency between actions, behaviours and words, taking
responsibility for their own mistakes.

20 Teamwork Ability to actively participate in the achievement of a common goal, subordinating

personal interests to team objectives.

Pereira (2007) Borjas (2003) Sarasvanthy (2001) Kirby (2004) Gibb & Hannon (2006) Vainrub (2004) Shumpeter (1934) Begley & Boyd (1988)
Pleitner (1986) Shapero (1982