Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CH04JJ
CH04JJ
One firm possesses a competitive advantage over other firms when it earns or has the potential to
earn a persistently higher profit margin.
@Pages and References: Page 123
a. T
*b. F
3. The extent to which external change creates competitive advantage depends on the magnitude of
the change and the extent of firms’ strategic differences.
@Pages and References: Pages 124
*a. T
b. F
4. Entrepreneurship can be defined as the ability to identify and rapidly respond to opportunities in
the environment.
@Pages and References: Pages 124-125
*a. T
b. F
5. For some firms, speed of new product development appears to be the only real source of
competitive advantage in today’s economy.
@Pages and References: Pages 124-125
*a. T
b. F
6. The concept of “time-based” competition refers to the entry of emergence of new competitors
over time
@Pages and References: Pages 124-125
a. T
*b. F
8. Isolating mechanisms are forces tending to equalize profit rates among firms, i.e. phenomena that
erode a firm’s competitive advantages.
@Pages and References: Pages 127-128
a. T
*b. F
9. For a firm to imitate the strategy of another firm, it must do four things: identify the target firm,
incentivize the rival, diagnose the sources of competitive advantage, and acquire the resources
needed.
@Pages and References: Pages 127-129
a. T
10. Starting a price war immediately a firm enters your industry is an entry deterrent tactic that may
dissuade other potential entrants for years to come.
@Pages and References: Pages 127-129
*a. T
b. F
11. To “pre-empt” an entrant, a firm can occupy existing and potential strategic niches to reduce the
range of opportunities open to potential entrants.
@Pages and References: Pages 127-129
*a. T
b. F
12. “Causal ambiguity” is the failure to clearly understand the source of a rival’s competitive
advantages – in particular which of the rival’s distinctive features are causes and which are effects of
another feature.
@Pages and References: Pages 129-130
*a. T
b. F
13. Because some resources are valuable and not perfectly uniform (they are unique, not
homogenous) acquiring or developing these can take years before a firm achieves and sustains
higher profitability.
@Pages and References: Pages 130-131
*a. T
b. F
14. In the airline industry where genuinely unique resources or capabilities are hard to find and
imitation is fast, sustainable competitive advantage is hard to achieve and often depends on
corporate culture.
@Pages and References: Page 131
*a. T
b. F
15. Firms can achieve competitive advantage by supplying a product at lower cost than competitors
or by effectively differentiating their product so that the customer is willing to pay a higher price.
@Pages and References: Pages 131-132
*a. T
b. F
16. The two main sources of competitive advantage are cost leadership and differentiation.
@Pages and References: Pages 131-132
*a. T
b. F
17. A firm has a differentiation advantage when it offers many product features that distinguish its
product from everyone else’s.
@Pages and References: Pages 131-132
a. T
*b. F
19. If scale economies are a key cost driver, increasing sales volume provides an opportunity for cost
reduction
@Pages and References: Page 134
*a. T
b. F
20. The objective of differentiation is to yield cost savings for the firm
@Pages and References: Page 138
a. T
*b. F
23. A firm with a competitive advantage that is not manifest in higher profitability may have?
@Pages and References: Page 123
a. A rising market share
b. Strong and rising customer loyalty, or good executive perks, or both
c. Invested in new technologies its rivals do not have
*d. Some or all of the above
25. If an industry has a stable environment and firms pursue similar strategies:
@Pages and References: Pages 123-25
*a. Firms with similar resources and capabilities should have similar profit rates
b. Firms with similar resources and capabilities should have similar structures
c. Firms without similar resources and capabilities will have left the industry
26. A firm’s ability to turn change in its external environment into profit:
@Pages and References: Pages 123-125
a. Requires just one key resource: information
*b. Depends on its ability to respond by changing its capabilities appropriately
c. Is the test of a Sustained Focus strategy
d. Is always measured by its market share
36. Rivals can be pre-empted from entering a firm’s markets only if:
@Pages and References: Page 129
a. The market is small relative to the minimum efficient scale of production
b. There are significant first-mover advantage available to the firm
c. Brand names matter to consumers in this industry
*d. Answers a and b
37. To imitate the competitive advantage of another company, a firm must first:
@Pages and References: Page 129
*a. Understand the basis of its rival’s success
b. Collect comprehensive information about its rival
c. Analyse its rival’s marketing strategy
d. None of the above
38. Is it easy for Sears Holdings (Kmart) to understand Wal-Mart’s competitive advantages?
@Pages and References: Page 130
*a. No, it is not that easy
b. Yes: just walk into any Wal-Mart store
c. Any professional retailer could
d. Answers b and c
41. The fundamental choice for capability acquisitions is the decision to either:
@Pages and References: Pages 130-131
a. Buy them or sell them
b. Develop them or maintain them
*c. Buy them or build them
d. Buy them or copy them
42. According to Porter and Siggelkow, Urban Outfitters was successful because:
@Pages and References: Page 130
a. it developed a set of management practices that were distinctive
b. It tailored its retail environment to target customers
c. It developed a highly integrated strategy
*d. All of the above
46. When using value chain analysis to analyse a firm’s competitive strategy, the main aim is to:
@Pages and References: Pages 133-135
*a. compare costs with those of competitors
b. identify where costs have increased over time
c. identify opportunities for reducing costs
d. a and c
47. The value chain analysis of Singapore Airlines, illustrated in Case Insight 4.3, is :
@Pages and References: Page 135
a. sufficiently comprehensive to guide strategic decision-making
b. irrelevant because Singapore Airlines doesn’t have a cost leadership strategy
*c. is a reasonable start on analysis but now needs to be followed up with hard figures of cost
comparisons between SA and its rivals
d. of little practical value
49. Increasing flight reliability at Singapore Airlines, alluded to in Case Insight 4.4:
@Pages and References: Page 139
*a. Is likely to be the outcome of several linked activities
b. Is basically down to the age of the planes
c. Depends on the incentives given to ground and air crew for planes to take off on time
d. Answers b and c
51. Porter (1980) in his early work suggests that combining cost leadership and differentiation
strategies:
@Pages and References: Pages 192-197
a. is relatively easy. Successful firms can pursue both strategies at the same time
b. can be accomplished by focussing on a narrow market segment
*c. is likely to result in a firm becoming ‘stuck in the middle’
d. is likely to result in above average performance
57. Porter says that firms get stuck in the middle because:
@Pages and References: Pages 140-141
a. The mindsets of cost-minimization and differentiation are culturally opposed, and firms cannot
optimize the investments needed for both at once
*b. As a above and firms need very different organizational processes to achieve the lowest costs or
effective differentiation in the industry
c. Mid-market positions are unattractive to consumers
d. Many firms have had several different CEOs, each determined to pursue different strategies