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Date: Obtained Marks:

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Effect of what?

1. Authors may use this essay style to change the way the reader considers a particular
word or idea.

2. This technique can make a complex subject easier to understand by breaking it down.

3. __________is often used at the beginning of an essay to subtly demonstrate the

claim’s validity before the actual thesis statement has been introduced.

4. This device is used to strengthen the credibility of the author’s claim.

5. This technique can give perspective and reveal the big picture by grouping elements
together.

6. An author uses this technique to build causal relationships or links between things to
argue a position.

7. This essay style provides context for its arguments and emphasizes its position in
relation to that context.
 8. This technique is used as a kind of shortcut to recall existing knowledge in order to
reinforce the author’s point.

9. The reader can grasp the new idea more easily.

Example of what:

1. Cross divides time into different categories based on how she sees people making use
of their leisure hours: Busy Time, Leisure Time, and Travel Time.

2. Since the refrigerator was practically empty, we had to go to the store.

3. Ted Gup uses the ______ of watching his son do his homework to support his claim
that the use of the internet for research has narrowed society’s field of learning.

4. Rampant suicide rates on Indian reservations in northern Canada as a phenomenon

“deadlier than any epidemic since the smallpox and tuberculosis eras.”

5. Her smile was as bright as the sunshine.

6. Nerenberg suggests that global warming can be explained by imagining the Earth
experiencing a fever.

7. How a doctor diagnoses diseases is like how a detective investigates crimes.

8. When we think of “the ghetto”, we imagine scenes of urban misery, poverty and
despair. Yet these so-called ghettos are often rich cultural hubs that inspire their
residents with a sense of identity, pride and belonging.

9. The rise in poverty will unlock the Pandora’s box of crimes.

10. A little boy says that his friends should not go swimming in a river because his Mama
said there were germs in the river.

11. Cholera is an intestinal infection that can be described according to its cause,
symptoms, and treatment.

12. You know, when I was a kid, my dog was my best friend. My childhood was better
because of him.

13. The moon has gravitational pull, consequently the oceans have tides.

14. The leaves fell like bright copper coins.

15. I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a state sweltering with the
heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be transformed into an
oasis of freedom and justice.
16. The widespread adoption of the automobile in modern urban centers has brought
older people, infirm people, poor people and children into a worse situation than they
were a hundred years ago.

17. The author refers to noted urban planner, J.H. Crawford’s belief that “Medieval urban
forms are superior to everything that came before or has come since” to support his
claim that we should develop car free cities

18. A commercial claim that a specific brand of cereal is the best way to start the day
because athlete Michael Jordan says that it is what he eats every day for breakfast.

19. Canada like other post-industrial societies, enjoys high literacy rates and a high
average life expectancy. However, unlike France, Germany, and Japan, Canada’s
average real income is expected to drop by ten percent over the next five years

20. Just as a sword is the weapon of a warrior, a pen is the weapon of a writer.