vanarat, 1149 AM Introduction to FRP Pipes (With POF) - Whal Is Pising = = = IS PIPING A B05 FOR PPING ENGINEERS Introduction to FRP Pipes (With PDF) The full form of FRP is fiberglass reinforced plastic that is a composite material consisting of a polymer matrix reinforced with fibers. So, an FRP pipe is a pipe manufactured of FRP material by contact molding or filament winding method. Various types of resins like thermosetting polyester, epoxy, phenolic resin, etc are used to get specific FRP pipe properties in the final product. The most widely used reinforcement is the glass fiber “E-glass”. As a corrosion- resistant alternative to metallic piping, the FRP piping system has found worldwide application By selecting FRP as the pipe material, the need for internal lining, external coating, and cathodic protection can easily be eliminated. FRP piping system is available in a wide range of sizes starting from 1 inch to 144 inches. Applications of FRP Pipes Due to its high durability, corrosion resistance, and moderate strength, the use of FRP pipes is increasing day by day. FRP piping systems are used in various industries like: + Potable Water and desalination industries * Chemical, Petrochemical, Oil & Gas industries. * Ducting and Vent piping + Irrigation and Sanitary services + Water distribution and transmission * Slurry piping + Power plants, etc. Properties of FRP Piping hitpsiwhatispiping.corvirp-pipes! wevanarat, 1149 AM Introduction to FRP Pipes (With POF) - Whal Is Pising The main properties that make FRP Pipes an ideal selection for various industries worldwide are + Excellent corrosion resistance + Excellent strength to weight ratio. Note that, the strength to weight ratio of FRP pipes are higher than steel or other metallic pipes. + Light weight which makes easy for handling and transportation, + Dimensional stability + Non-toxicity + Low coefficient of friction (»25% better than steel) that ensures excellent flow characteristics. * Good abrasion resistance * Suitable for both aboveground and buried piping + Resistance to biological attacks like bacteria + Non-conductive to electricity and + Low maintenance cost Typical mechanical properties of FRP piping system are provided in the table below: Mechanical Properties of FRP Pipe Typical Range Tensile Strength 14 to 550 Mpa Tensile Modulus 3.5 to 34.5 Gpa Flexural Strength 28-480 Mpa Flexural Modulus 6.9 to 34.5 Gpa Poisson's Ratio 0.3 Thermal Co-efficient 14 to 54 mm/mmP'C Specific gravity 1.21023 Compressive Strength 69-275 Table 1: Range of Mechanical Properties for FRP Pipe hitpsiwhatispiping.corvirp-pipes! anavanarat, 1149 AM Introduction to FRP Pipes (With POF) - Whal Is Pising Joining of FRP Pipes As the FRP pipe lengths are limited by transportation and handling, they are required to be joined. Also, various FRP Pipe fittings need to be joined as per the requirement. The joining system of the FRP pipe should be such that it does not leak for the intended service condition at the operating pressure. Depending on the specific joint configuration and design conditions, the FRP pipe joints may be restrained or unrestrained. Unrestrained FRP Pipe Joints Joints that can withstand the internal pressure but can not withstand the longitudinal tensile loads are known as Unrestrained FRP Pipe joints. Examples of such joints are Coupling joints, bell and spigot joints, mechanical coupling joints with elastomeric seals, flanged joints, butt joints with laminated overlay, ete. Restrained FRP Pipe joints Such pipe joints are capable of withstanding both the internal pressure and longitudinal tensile loads. For these joints, supplemental restraining elements are added to restrict the longitudinal loads. Threaded joints, bell, and spigot joints with laminated overlay or adhesive bonds are examples of Restrained FRP pipe joints. Note that FRP pipe joint tightness must be ensured following ASTM D4161 FRP Pipe Fittings Various FRP pipe fittings are available for proper piping layout needs. Common FRP pipe fittings are * Long radius and short radius FRP Pipe Elbows (22.5 Degree, 30 Degree, 45 Degree, 60 Degree, 90 Degree, 180 Degree) + Tee Connections (Equal Tee and reducing Tee) + FRP Pipe flanges * Steel backing flanges * Flanged elbows + Smooth flow reducing elbow * Special radius bend hitpsiwhatispiping.corvirp-pipes! anavanarat, 1149 AM Introduction to FRP Pipes (With POF) - Whal Is Pising + Lateral connection * Cross connections * Wye Connections + Reducers (Eccentric and Concentric) * Flanged reducers Codes and Standards for FRP Pipes Frequently used Codes and Standards that govern the FRP piping details are + ISO 7370 * ANSI/AWWA C950 + AWWA M45, + ISO 14692 + AWWACS590 + ISO 10467 + BS 5480 + ISO 10639 + ASTM D2996, ASTM D2997, ASTM D5421, ASTM D4024, ASTM D5685 Specification of FRP Pipes While ordering FRP pipes the following data need to be provided to the vendor: * Pipe Diameter + Design and Operating temperature of the service fluid + Design, operating, Surge, vacuum, test pressures. * Live loads in case of buried piping. + Maximum/minimum buried depth and trench Widths. * Details of Soil properties and trench preparation. Supporting of FRP Piping System FRP piping systems must be supported properly to avoid excessive sagging. Maximum acceptable sagging is the lower of 12.5 mm or 0.5% of span length. Manufacturer's guidelines hitpsiwhatispiping.corvirp-pipes! anasama, 1149 AM Inroduction to FRP Pipes (With POF) ~ What I ising with respect to the supporting shall be followed. Usually, clamped supports with an elastomeric pad are used for support. ——_— Fig. 1: FRP Pipe Supporting Drawbacks of FRP Piping The main drawbacks of FRP piping systems are + FRP pipe is not recommended for carrying fluid with temperature more than 100° C + Slight degradation from UV rays is found to occur which can be reduced by using pigments, dyes, UV stabilizers, fillers, etc in the resin system, FRP vs GRP: Difference between FRP and GRP FRP stands for fiber-reinforced plastic while GRP stands for Glass reinforced plastic. So, from the name, itis clear that there is a change in the reinforcing fiber. But, both FRP and GRP are normally used to indicate the same plastic piping products. FRP vs Steel: Differences between FRP and Steel As FRP Pipes have superior corrosion resistance capabilities and over t! economic, Steel pipes are replaced by FRP pipes. So, in this section, it differences between FRP and Steel. * Steel pipes are isotropic while FRP pipes are anisotropic and the properties changes with respect to direction. hitpsiwhatispiping.corvirp-pipes! sievanarat, 1149 AM Introduction to FRP Pipes (With POF) - Whal Is Pising + FRP pipes are more flexible than Steel pipes due to the lower modulus of elasticity. + FRP piping systems are designed considering a higher factor of safety than steel piping. Usual factor of safety in the design of FRP pipes varies in the range of 5 to 10. Other major differences between FRP and Steel pipes are provided in Table 2 below: Property Density Co-eff of thermal expansion Modulus: Tensile Strength Yield Strength Allowable Stress Corrosion resistance Joints FRP 1850 kg/cum 27X 10% mmimm °C * This value may change from vendor to vendor Axial= 12000 Nisq.mm Shear= 11400 Nisq.mm 80-135 MPa 70-135 MPa 4,000 PS! to 20,000 PS! Superior Threaded or hitpsiwhatispiping.corvirppipes! cs 7800 kglcu.m 11X10" mmimm °c Elastic= 211365 Nisq.mm 456 MPa 227 MPa 20,000 Psi Inferior Welded Remarks Loads on support is less in the case of FRP pipe as compared to Steel. Handling and transportation of FRP are easier than Steel pipes. Expansion is almost 2.5 times of Carbon Steel Pipe. So more thermal growth in case of FRP Piping system Considerable difference in the strength of FRP & CS, Anchor loads are less in FRP Pipes as compared to steel pipes. Mechanical Strength is higher for Stee! material as compared to FRP. The yield strength of FRP is lesser than that of Steel The strength of GRE varies drastically and The corrosion resistance of carbon steel is much lower than that of FRP pipes. FRP joints are to be checked for higher axial anavanarat, 1149 AM glued Table 2: FRP vs Steel Introduction to FRP Pipes (With POF) - Whal Is Pising loads and pressure FRP vs HDPE: Differences between FRP and HDPE Pipes The main differences between FRP and HDPE pipes are listed in Table 3 below: FRP Pipe FRP is Orthotropic composite material The cost of FRP pipe is very high Lower thermal expansion co-efficient FRP pipes have a comparatively higher temperature range than HDPE Pipes Fabrication time is comparatively longer Strength and Elastic modulus for FRP pipes are higher than HDPE Easy installation at site Highly skilled professionals are required for site work of FRP piping systems Much lighter in weight due to lower all thickness even though the density of FRP is normally higher than HDPE A fire retardant version of FRP pipes can be made. Table 3: FRP vs HDPE hitpsiwhatispiping.corvirp-pipes! HDPE Pipe HDPE is isotropic material The cost of HDPE pipe is considerably lower than FRP Pipes. The thermal expansion coefficients of HDPE pipes is extensively higher as compared to FRP pipes. Lowe temperature range Quicker fabrication. Lower strength and elastic modulus. Costly complex equipment is required for installation. HDPE pipe works can be done by semi- skilled operators. Heavier due to higher wall thickness. “ors peer oe ee) masama, 1149 AM Inroduction to FRP Pipes (With POF) ~ What I ising The initial cost of FRP pipes is normally higher than the metallic piping systems. But when comparing the total cost over the complete service life FRP Pipes come as a winner due to their long service life. Anup Kumar Dey 1am a Mechanical Engineer turned into a Piping Engineer. Currently, I work in a reputed MNC as a Senior Piping Stress Engineer. | am very much passionate about blogging and always tried to do unique things. This website is my first venture into the world of blogging with the aim of connecting with other piping engineers around the world 6 thoughts on “Introduction to FRP Pipes (With PDF)” © ‘Arun Kumar Tiwari says: April 21, 2021 at 2:42 pm Very useful information aly, © 11058 says: April 23, 2021 at 9:18 am Could you please include Inspection, examination and testing requirements Reply © se =D April24, 2021 at 8:31 am Thank you very much for this informative Mr. Anup. Beply. hitpsiwhatispiping.corvirp-pipes! anevanarat, 1149 AM Introduction to FRP Pipes (With POF) - Whal Is Pising Swapneel Indapurkar says: ‘September 19,2021 at 4:11 pm what should be the FRP pipes thickness for different pressure ratings Reply Vijayalakshmi Gadepalli says: ‘September 26, 2021 at 10:51 am Well compiled. Thank you for sharing Reply Nick Randles says: November 17, 2021 at 1:58 am Have you ever heard of transitioning from HDPE to Fiberglass? | currently have a underground HDPE water system that will enter the bottom of a Fiberglass tank. Currently, the design is to stub up the HDPE into the fiberglass tank and resign/wrap the HDPE pipe as a seal for the bottom of the tank. | cannot find much information on transitioning from HDPE to fiberglass without a flange. Do you have any thoughts on this connection? Reply Leave a Reply Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked * Comment : Join u ) Name Cai Email * O Save my name and email in this browser for the next time | comment. hitpsiwhatispiping.corvirp-pipes! snavanarat, 1149 AM Introduction to FRP Pipes (With POF) - Whal Is Pising OST COMMENT Recent Posts Allowable Stress for Pressure Relieving Reaction Load vs Occasional load Piping systems be protected against over-pressuring by Pressure-relieving devices like pressure safety valve, pressure relief valve, ... by realizing extra pressure (popping up) according to the... CONN ROI Cc Isolation Philosophy: Equipment, Instruments, and Utilities Isolation Methods (PDF) tps JAahetispiping comity pipes! sonevanarat, 1149 AM Introduction to FRP Pipes (With POF) - Whal Is Pising Isolation philosophy or positive isolation philosophy is a standard procedure that describes a method for isolating a section of a plant to permit safe operation & provide access for Creat ABOUT ME maintenance... Hi There! 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