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RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES MINERAL OIL

Conference Paper · June 2011

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 ANNALS OF “DUNAREA DE JOS” UNIVERSITY OF GALATI – FASCICLE II
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ANNALS OF “DUNAREA DE JOS” UNIVERSITY OF GALATI

MATHEMATICS, PHYSICS, THEORETICAL MECHANICS
FASCICLE II, YEAR III (XXXIV) 2011

RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES MINERAL OIL

Ioana Stanciu

University of Bucharest, Faculty of Chemistry, Bd. Regina Elisabeta 4-12, 030018 Bucureşti, Romania

Abstract
Rheological behavior of this article presents mineral oil. Apparent viscosity of both oils was
determined at temperatures between 400C-900C and shear rates ranging from 3.3-120s-1. This study
is to find a polynomial dependence on temperature and oil viscosity shear rate. I used to study oil
modified Andrade equation. Constants A, B, C and correlation coefficient were determined by
correlating a characteristic polynomial equation of each curve.

Keywords: mineral oil, properties, rheological

1. INTRODUCTION

Interest to researchers and manufacturers of oil on the effect of temperature on viscosity

increased in recent years [1, 2]. Although the issue seems simple, the contribution is very signifier.
This is because the viscosity is an important physical property for the design of hydraulic systems.
However, the lack of a precise model which is valid for all liquids is difficult to predict the effect of
temperature on viscosity. Known some commonly used mathematical models developed and
expanded Vogel-Fulcher, Arrhenius and Andrade [3-5]. Models are developed using empirical data to
predict the dependence of viscosity for a wide range of temperatures.
The object of this paper is to determine the rheological behaviour for mineral oils at shear
rates ranging between 3 and 120 s-1 and temperatures between 40 and 90oC. This study is to find a
polynomial dependence on temperature and oil viscosity shear rate for mineral oil. I used to study oil
modified Andrade equation. Constants A, B, C and correlation coefficient were determined by
correlating a characteristic polynomial equation of each curve for mineral oil [6-8].

2. EXPERIMENTAL

The mineral oil used in this work is provided by a company in Bucharest, Romania. In this paper we
studied mineral oil no additives.
Mineral oil have investigated using a Haake VT 550 Viscotester developing shear rates
ranging between 3 and 120s-1 and measuring viscosities from 104 to 106 mPa.s when the HV1
viscosity sensor is used. The temperature ranged between 40 and 900C and the measurements were
made from 10 to 100C. The accuracy of the temperature was ± 0.10C.

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 ANNALS OF “DUNAREA DE JOS” UNIVERSITY OF GALATI – FASCICLE II
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3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Fig. 1 show the dynamic viscosity temperature dependence for studied mineral oil. Behavior
of oil sample is that the viscosity decreases with increasing temperature.

50
B
45 C
D
40 E
F
Dynamic viscosity, Pa.s

35
G
H
30
I
25

20

15

10

310 320 330 340 350 360 370

Temperature, K

Fig. 1. The viscosities of investigated oils as a function of temperature at shear rate: B – 3.3s-1; C
– 6s-1 , D – 10.6s-1, E – 17.87s-1 , F – 30s-1, G – 52.95s-1, H – 80s-1, I – 120s-1

1.7 B
C
1.6 D
E
1.5
F
1.4
G
H
log viscosity

1.3 I

1.2

1.1

1.0

0.9

0.8

1/313 1/323 1/333 1/343 1/353 1/363

-1
1/T, K

Fig. 2.Dependence log viscosity on the 1/T at shear rate: B – 3.3s-1; C – 6s-1 ,
D – 10.6s-1, E – 17.87s-1 , F – 30s-1, G – 52.95s-1, H – 80s-1, I – 120s-1

Vegetable oils have been proposed several empirical relationships describing the temperature
dependent dynamic viscosity. The more important of these is the Andrade [4, 5] equation (1):

ln η = A + B/T + C/T2 (1)

Oil viscosity is a function of temperature. In addition, the parameters A, B and C change with
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 ANNALS OF “DUNAREA DE JOS” UNIVERSITY OF GALATI – FASCICLE II
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shear rate. Therefore, by imposing constant shear rate, the parameters can be determined. In order to
determine the equation constants, the following steps were performed using the Origin 6.0 software: load
the non-linear regression package, input experimental data, title x-label, y-label and set the required
equation, perform non-linear regression and plot experimental data and best fitted curve, calculate the mean
square error and coefficient of determination and show the best fitted equation constant, mean square error
and coefficient of determination.
Tables 1 show the rheological constants mineral oil. As shown in Tables 1 the software found it
polynomial equations applied shear rate curves of different oils. The root mean square error means that
experimental data is spread equation. Remains the same temperature range, where the Andrade equation
was fitted other experimental data.
From the results of the regression tabulated in tables 1 the lowest coefficient of determination and
the highest mean square error were 0.9850 and 1.0000, respectively.

Table1. The shear rate, constant Andrade’s equation, coefficient correlation and range
temperatures for mineral oil

Shear Constants Andrade’s equation R2 Temp.

rate, s-1 Range (0C)
A B C

3.3 4.2812 -0.5174 0.0314 0.9850 40-90

6.0 3.9410 -0.3532 0.0106 0.9957 40-90
10.6 3.9145 -0.3794 0.0149 0.9970 40-90
17.87 3.8603 -0.3771 0.0148 0.9990 40-90
30.0 3.8521 -0.4110 0.0186 0.9991 40-90
52.95 3.8772 -0.4465 0.0227 0.9999 40-90
80.0 3.8794 -0.4548 0.0223 0.9999 40-90
120.0 3.8508 -0.4408 0.0197 1.0000 40-90

4. CONCLUSIONS

The mineral oil was examined with modified Andrade equation. There was no need to use a
higher order polynomial function of 1 / T, because most coefficients were determined higher values of
0.9999. The viscosity curve model showed a good fitting for mineral oil. Representation of
temperature dependence of viscosity to determine a mean square error approaches 1 at almost all
shear rates. In the present study was possible to obtain the correct value of viscosity at different
temperatures by placing the constant changing Andrade equation at different shear rates.

References

1. Igwe O. I., Industrial Crop and Products, 19, p.185-190, 2004.

2. Kerschbaum S., Rike G., Fuel 83, p. 287-291, 2004.
3. Cameron A., Basic Lubrication Theory, Ellis Horwood Ltd. Chichester, 3rd ed., 1981.
4. Buckley P. C., Jones D. C., Polymer, 36, p.3301-3312, 1995.
5. Mahiuddin S., Oprea S., Fluid Phase Equilibria, 123, p. 231-234, 1996.
6. Vlad H., Oprea S., European Polymer Journal, 37, p. 2461-2464, 2001.
7. Gerpen J. H. V., Tat M. E., Journal of American Oil Chemists’Society, JAOCS, 76, p. 1511-
1513, 1999.
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