Module 4.

Facing the Future as a New Nation

INTRODUCTION.
This module will talk about the aftermath of our country after World War II. The years after the
World War II was of crucial importance in relation to the development or success of our country. Freedom
and independence which were very much anticipated for so many years of waiting and eagerness would blend
with the loss of lives and property due to the impact of the war. Massive reconstruction and rehabilitation
were the main focus and business and it seemed that while the country was officially free, it did not entirely
detached itself from it old colonial master- the Americans. The Philippine government this time is trying to
stand on its own two feet yet burdened by its ties with the United States of America. Different administrations
has its own set of policies, a repressive one –man rule and Martial Law, a non violent uprising that echoed
worldwide attention and all the challenges for establishing a strong and progressive country are the
centrepiece of the post war presidential administrations.

COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the end of this module, the students are expected to learn the following:

1. To enumerate the challenges the Filipinos face after Philippine Independence was granted by the
United States of America.
2. To analyze how the Filipino nation respond to these challenges.
3. To discuss the issues and challenges did each presidential administration have to deal with.
4. To understand the general condition of our country after the war.
5. To analyze why it American intervention was necessary to solve some problems of our
government and the impact of such intervention.
6. To analyze the true intentions of the Americans in keeping its military bases here in our country
7. To enumerate the accomplishments of each administrations.
8. To discuss the reason why President Marcos declared Martial Law .
9. To describe the Philippines situation under Martial Law in terms of its positive and negative
effects.
10. To discuss the People Power Revolution and the events that led to the same
11. To specify on the role of the Catholic Church in the success of the EDSA Revolution
12. To recall the importance and significance of the EDSA Revolution and the lessons the Filipinos
showed to the world

CONTENTS OF THIS MODULE

 This module contains the following lessons.
Lesson 1. The Third Republic ( 1946 – 1969)
Lesson 2. From the First Quarter Storm to the Declaration of Martial Law
Lesson 3. From Martial Law to People Power
Lesson 4. Post EDSA to the Present

Directions on How to Use this Module Properly

In order to gain benefit from this module, you should follow all points carefully.
1. This module contains four ( 4 ) lessons. Each lesson is explained substantially. Read
explanations thoroughly so that you could understand the lesson fully.
2. On the first page of each lesson, you will find the specific learning outcomes (SLOs) of each
lesson. SLOs are knowledge and skills you are expected to acquire at the end of the lesson. Read
them heartily.
3. You must answer the Learning Activities/ Exercises (LAE’s) . The LAEs are designed to help
you acquire the SLOs.
4. Feel free to chat, text, call or send an email message to me if you have questions, reactions about
the contents or activities in the module.
5. The Practice task/Assessment and the Assignment / Project will be checked by me.

Each lesson contains the following:

- A summary of each and every chapter.
- Suggested Learning Activities/ Exercises
- Assignment / Project
- Examination of lessons

References:
Agoncillo, Teodoro. (2012). History of the Filipino People. 8 th edition. Quezon City: C & E
Publishing, Inc
Constantino, Renato. (1975). The Philippines: A Past Revisited. Quezon City
Constantino, Renato and Letizia Constantino. (1978). The Philippines: The Continuing Past. Quezon
City: The Foundation for Nationalist Studies.
Velasco, Rheno A. ( 1996 ). The Presidents, Republic of the Philippines: Biographies & Pictures.
Loacan Publishing House.
Bananal, Eduardo. (1986 ). The Presidents of the Philippines. National Bookstore.

Lesson 1. The Third Republic ( 1946 – 1969)

Specific Learning Outcomes

1. To describe the conditions of our country immediately after World War II.
2. To enumerate the aid the United States of America extended to our country.
3. To understand the concept of “parity rights” and its significance to Filipinos and to the
Americans.
4. To discuss and enumerate the problems and accomplishments of the presidents of the Third
Republic.

Discussion
Read the summary of Lesson 1 – The Third Republic ( 1946 – 1969) contained in this lesson.
After reading the summary, answer the Learning Activities / Exercises found after this section.

Learning Activities/Exercises

I. Identification. Write your correct answers on the lines provided. If names are called for,
complete names is required in answering.

1. He was the first President of the Third Republic of the Philippines. ( complete name )
__________________________________
2. The president who was successful in his campaign against the Huks and caused the
surrender of Luis Taruc, the Huk Supremo. _______________________________________
3. These are the two (2) Philippine presidents who faced the Hukbalahap problems during their
administration. __________________________________________
4. ________________________________________
5. The president who tried to increase the agricultural production through a new cereal called
the “ miracle rice” and through modern irrigation systems.
__________________________________________
6. The President who changed the Independence Day celebration of the Philippines from July 4
to June 12 every year. _____________________________________________
7. He was the president who granted the US control of the military and naval bases of Clark
Airbase and the Subic Bay Naval Base in exchange of military aid.
___________________________________
8. The president whose program of government was anchored on austerity and was famous for
his “ Filipino First Policy”. __________________________________________
9. The president who was famous for his land reform code.
_____________________________________________
10. The president who stabilized the Philippine currency by setting up the Central Bank of the
Philippines. ____________________________________

11. MAPHILINDO is an organization of Malay- based countries of:

_______________________________________
12. _______________________________________
13. _______________________________________
14. The president adopted the policy of no friends or relatives would benefit from his position
as president. _____________________________________________________
 15. This law provided for the free trade relations between the Philippines and the United States
and should continue beyond Commonwealth period or up to 1954.
__________________________________________

II. True or False. Write the word True when your answer is True and the word False when your
answer is False on the lines provided.

______1. The American government gave money to the Philippines government for the purchase
of food, medicine and clothing for the Filipinos without conditions of paying back.
_______ 2. The First Republic was the Malolos Republic with President Emilio F. Aguinaldo as
president.
_______ 3. Under the Bell Trade Act, Philippine products entering the United States will be taxed at
10% each year until the full 100% be reached in 1974.
_______ 4. It was Ramon P. Magsaysay who believed that a country could not be truly independent
unless it had achieved economic stability.
_______ 5. Under the Parity Rights to the Americans, it provided that like the Filipinos, they will be
given the right to dispose, exploit , develop and utilize all agricultural, timber and
mineral lands in the Philippines.

Assignment / Project
Instructions:
1. This will be a handwritten assignment / project.
2. Copy all of Lesson 1 – The Third Republic ( 1946 – 1969)
3. It must be written in a long bond paper and follow how it is formatted in the printout.
That is, two (2) columns in a page.
4. It will be handwritten by the student himself/ herself.
5. I will check it one by one. If I see a penmanship other than by the student himself/
herself, it will be tantamount as no assignment / project submitted at all.
6. This will hold true even if only a page was written by somebody other than the
student.
( Please exercise caution in buying bond papers. Wear mask and observe health
protocols)
7. Wait for instructions on when I will collect or where you will submit your assignment /
projects.
8. Just be ready with it.

Lesson 2. From the First Quarter Storm to the Declaration of Martial Law

Specific Learning Outcomes

1. To describe the economic and political conditions of our country to justify the declaration
of Martial Law.
2. To enumerate the positive and negative effects of Martial Law.
3. To assess whether Pres. Marcos administer our country well.
4. To discuss the lessons the Filipinos learned from Martial Law.
 Discussion
Read the summary of Lesson 2 – From the First Quarter Storm to the Declaration of Martial
Law contained in this lesson. After reading the summary, answer the Learning Activities / Exercises
found after this section.

Learning Activities/Exercises

I. True or False. Write the word True when your answer is True and the word False when your
answer is False on the lines provided.

_________ 1. The First Quarter Storm was a period of civil unrest in the Philippines which took
place during the "first quarter of the year 1970." It included a series of
demonstrations, protests, and marches against the administration of President
Marcos .
_________ 2. It was during the administration of Pres. Marcos that professionals joined in
demonstrations to replace the 1935 Constitution which they described as colonial
being a product of US dictation.
_________ 3. When Martial Law was declared, Pres Marcos suspended the Writ of Habeas Corpus to
enable the government to frustrate guerrilla warfare in Metro Manila.
_________ 4. PD 1801 was the formal declaration of Martial Law in the Philippines .
_________ 5. It was dated September 21, 1973.

II. Cite three (3) events that led to the declaration of Martial Law.
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________

Assignment / Project
Instructions:
1. This will be a handwritten assignment / project.
2. Copy all of Lesson 2 - From the First Quarter Storm to the Declaration of Martial Law
3. It must be written in a long bond paper and follow how it is formatted in the printout.
That is, two (2) columns in a page.
4. It will be handwritten by the student himself/ herself.
5. I will check it one by one. If I see a penmanship other than by the student himself/
herself, it will be tantamount as no assignment / project submitted at all.
 6. This will hold true even if only a page was written by somebody other than the
student.

( Please exercise caution in buying bond papers. Wear mask and observe health
protocols)

7. Wait for instructions on when I will collect or where you will submit your assignment /
projects.
8. Just be ready with it.

Lesson 3. From Martial Law to People Power ( 1972 – 1986)

Specific Learning Outcomes

1. To describe the economic crisis in our country in the 1980s.
2. To discuss why the assassination of Ninoy Aquino give way to more protests against the
Marcos regime.
3. To assess why Marcos call for a snap election in 1986
4. To elaborate on the People Power Revolution
5. To enumerate the events that led to the People Power Revolution.
 Discussion
Read the summary of Lesson 3 – From Martial Law to People Power ( 1972 – 1986)
contained in this lesson. After reading the summary, answer the Learning Activities / Exercises
found after this section.

Learning Activities/Exercises

I. Identification. Write your correct answers on the lines provided.

1. The agency of the government created by Pres Marcos that has the function of planning and
supervising the national development program of our country.
__________________________________________________________________________
2. He was the Archbishop of Manila who asked the parishioners to vote according to their conscience
in the snap elections of 1986. _______________________________________________
3. The name given to the legislative body during the Marcos regime.
_________________________________________________
4. This is the agency of the government with the function of stabilizing grain supply and price.
__________________________________________________________________________
5. An alliance of elite and big companies who was accused of trying to end the Marcos’ Martial rule
even through violent means. ________________________________________________________
6. The name given to the new wave of protest rallies of 1983.
_________________________________________________________
7. The only president of the Fourth Republic. ________________________________________
8. The specific date of the People Power I Revolution where the Marcos and his family were finally
offered help by the US government to flee to Hawaii.
________________________________________
9. This group was led by Raul Manglapus who accused Marcos of dictatorship, graft and corruption that
caused capital flight and unproductivity, excessive taxes and deterioration of our economy.
_________________________________________________________
10. This was the assumed name of Ninoy Aquino when he decided to return to the Philippines.
_______________________________________________

Assignment / Project
Instructions:
1. This will be a handwritten assignment / project.
2. Copy all of Lesson 3 - From Martial Law to People Power ( 1972 – 1986)
3. It must be written in a long bond paper and follow how it is formatted in the printout.
That is, two (2) columns in a page.
4. It will be handwritten by the student himself/ herself.
5. I will check it one by one. If I see a penmanship other than by the student himself/
herself, it will be tantamount as no assignment / project submitted at all.
6. This will hold true even if only a page was written by somebody other than the
student.
 ( Please exercise caution in buying bond papers. Wear mask and observe health
protocols)

7. Wait for instructions on when I will collect or where you will submit your assignment /
projects.
8. Just be ready with it.

Lesson 4. Post EDSA to the Present ( 1986 – 2016)

Specific Learning Outcomes

1. To discuss the changes that the 1986 People Power Revolution has brought about in the
country and the Filipino People.
2. To discuss how the administration of Pres Corazon Aquino and Fidel Ramos face the
challenges of governance after the overthrow of Marcos dictatorship.
3. To enumerate the factors that contributed to President Estrada’s victory in 1998 presidential
elections
4. To enumerate the issues and events that led to the downfall of Pres Estrada
5. To identify the historical context when Gloria Macapagal – Arroyo assumed the presidency.
6. To enumerate the challenges and controversies of Pres Arroyo presidency .
 7. To explain the vision of Pres Benigno Aquino for the government which he calls “ Daang
Matuwid”.
8. To enumerate the things that Pres Ninoy Aquino has been criticized for.

Discussion
Read the summary of Lesson 4 – Post EDSA to the Present ( 1986 – 2016)
contained in this lesson. After reading the summary, answer the Learning Activities / Exercises
found after this section.

Learning Activities/Exercises

I. Identification. Write your correct answer on the lines provided.

1. The new 1987 Constitution fixed the single term of the president to how many years?
___________________________________
2. And the term for senators is limited to _________ terms.
3. And members of the House of Representatives limited to _________ terms.
4. The president who supported and signed into law RA 7432 which grants privileges to senior citizens.
______________________________________________
5. Who was the president after Marcos who hold the position for more than six (6) years allowed by the
1987 Constitution. ___________________________________________________________
6. He was the president who organized the Presidential Anti- Organized Crime Task Force ( PAOCTF).
_____________________________________________
7. The president who pushed for the implementation of the K to 12 program of the Dept of Education.
________________________________________
8. The president who was famous for his “Daang Matuwid “ program.
______________________________________________________
9. He was the president who suspended the release of the P37 billion “pork barrel” allocations for pet
projects of congressmen. ______________________________________________

10. The president who was famous for the “Hello Garci scandal”.
________________________________________________

Assignment / Project
Instructions:
1. This will be a handwritten assignment / project.
2. Copy all of Lesson 4 – Post EDSA to the Present ( 1986 – 2016)
3. It must be written in a long bond paper and follow how it is formatted in the printout.
That is, two (2) columns in a page.
4. It will be handwritten by the student himself/ herself.
5. I will check it one by one. If I see a penmanship other than by the student himself/
herself, it will be tantamount as no assignment / project submitted at all.
6. This will hold true even if only a page was written by somebody other than the
student.
 ( Please exercise caution in buying bond papers. Wear mask and observe health
protocols)

7. Wait for instructions on when I will collect or where you will submit your assignment /
projects.
8. Just be ready with it.