RENAISSANCE A,B,C’s PROJECT

By: DeCorya Coulter

 Filippo Brunelleschi was the first to develop a
true Renaissance architecture. The Renaissance
Architecture in was very important era for architecture because
the during the Renaissance, architecture became so
much more than just building. The front of
Renaissance facade of the building. The front of facade of
the buildings were generally symmetrical
shapes.
 Loved by the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood and an
important influence on art nouveau, he was part of
Botticelli the late 15th-century. By his farties, Botticelli was
himself a master and contributed to the decoration
the Sistine Chapel.
Counter-Refor There was little significant papal reaction
to the Protestants or to demands for reform
mation to the Roman Catholic Church before
mid-century. The power of popes was
unquestioned after Trent-this was good if
they were pro-reform.
 Diet of Worms a meeting of the Holy Roman
emperor Charles V’s imperial diet at worms
Diet of Worms in 1521, at which Martin Luther was
summoned to appear. Luther committed
himself there to the cause of Protestant
reform, and is teaching was formally
condemned in the Edict of Worms. It was
convened to determine how both political and
religious should respond to Martin Luther’s
teachings.
 El Greco is best known for his religious
paintings. He came with a letter of
El-Greco recommendation from the Croatian
miniaturist, and this secured him a place to
stay and work while in Rome. There he set
about mastering the elements of
Renaissance Art, including perspective,
figural construction, and the ability to stage
elaborate narratives.
Florence,Italy Florence is often named as the birthplace
of the Renaissance. The early writers and
artists of the period sprung from the city in
the northern hills of Italy. AS a center for
the European wool trade, the political
power of the wealthy merchants who
dominated the industry.
Johannes Johannes Gutenberg was a German
blacksmith known for inventing the
Gutenberg mechanical movable type printing press.
His printing press has been widely
considered the most important invention of
the modern era because it profoundly
impacted the transmission of knowledge.
The 42-line Gutenberg Bible printed
around 1455, was Gutenberg’s most well
known printed them.
Huguenots Huguenots were French Protestants who
were active in the 16th and 17th centuries.
Forced to flee France due to religious and
political persecution by the Catholic
Church. The Crown many settled in what is
now the United States of America.
Persecuted by the French Catholic
government during a violent period,
Huguenots fled the country in the 17th
century, creating Huguenot settlements all
over Europe, in the United States and
Africa.
 Ignatius de Loyola founded the Jesuits
Ignatius de Loyola
(the Society of Jesus). The Jesuits
were one of the major spearheads of
the Counter-Reformation. The work
done by Ignatius Loyola was seen as
an important counter to Martin Luther
and John Calvin.
 John Calvin was a famous French
John Calvin
theologian and a major leader of the
Protestant Reformation. As Calvin’s beliefs
spread and gained strength, his impact
upon the city of Geneva grew even
stronger. Other leaders and followers of the
Protestant Reformation came to Geneva for
protection from persecution, for training in
the protestant doctrines, and to prepare for
travels to convert others to the Protestant
.
faith.

.
 Johannes Kepler was a German
Johannes Kepler
astronomer and mathematician who
lived from December the 27th 1521 to
November the 15th 1630. Kepler played
a key role in the scientific revolution
that occured in the 17th century.
Contributing a number of scientific
breakthroughs including his famous
laws of planetary.
 His natural genius crossed so many
Leonardo da Vinci
disciplines that he epitomizes the term
“Renaissance man”. Today he remains best
known for his art, including two paintings
that remains among the world’s most
famous and admired, Mona Lisa and The
Last Supper. Art, da Vinci believed, was
indisputably connected with science and
nature.
 Martin Luther is one of the most
Martin Luther influential figures in Western history.
His writings were responsible for
fractionalizing the Catholic Church and
sparking the Protestant Reformation.
 English physicist and mathematician
Isaac Newton
Sir Isaac Newton, most famous for his
law of gravitation. Besides his work on
universal gravitation (gravity), Newton
developed the three laws of motion
which form the basic principles of
modern physics. His discovery of
calculus led the way to more powerful
methods of solving mathematical
problems.
 William of Ockham is known for Occam’s
William of Ockham
bears his name and also produced
significant works on logis, physics, and
theology. The principle of simplicity os the
central theme of Ockham’s approach, so
much sp that this principle has come to be
known as “Ockham’s Razor.” Ockham uses
the razor to eliminate unnecessary
hypotheses.
 The protestant reformation was a major in
Protestants
16th century European movement aimed
initially at reforming the beliefs and
practices of the Roman Catholic Church.
Its religious aspects were supplemented by
ambitious political rulers who wanted to
extend their power and control at the
expense of the Church.
 Isabella was queen of Castile from 1474 to
1505, and she had to fight a civil war to
Queen Isabella of secure her thorne. Together with her
Castile husband, Ferdinand the 2nd of Aragon, their
turning point for the Iberian Peninsula. She
and her husband regained the final
Muslim-ruled territories, completing the
reconquest of Spain.
 Raphael is considered to be one of the most
Raphael
important artists in the High Renaissance.
He is compared with many of the most
famous artists of his time. Raphael is
considered so great because he changed the
way people viewed art.
Sistine Chapel The Sistine Chapel is a large chapel in the
Vatican City. It is renowned for i s
Renaissance art, especially the ceiling
painted by Michelangelo, and attracts more
than 5 million visitors each year. The
Sistine Chapel stands on the foundation of
an older chapel called the Cappella Magna.
 Thomas More is known for his 1516 book
Thomas More
Utopia and for his untimely death in 1535,
after refusing to acknowledge King Henry
Viii as head of the Church of England. He
was canonized by the Catholic Church as a
saint in 1935. He was also a counsellor to
Henry Vll and Lord High Chancellor of
England from October 1529 to 16 May
1532.
 The concept of Utopia as a literary from
Utopia
originated with Sir Thomas More’s
depiction of a fictional commonwealth in
Utopia. That inspired many imaginary
societies of the sixteenth and seventeenth
centuries and influenced efforts at social
reform extending into the twentieth
century.
 The battle of Bosworth is one of the most
War of the Roses important battles in English history. It led
to the War of the Roses,and planted the
Tudor house on the throne of England.
Henry Tudor, (Henry Vii), earl of
Richmond and a Lancastrian, defeated
King Richard lll, a Yorkist, a battle of
Bosworth Field on 22 August 1485.
Pope Leo X He made Rome a cultural centre and a
political power, but he depleted the papal
treasury, and by falling to take the
developing Reformation seriously. Pope
Leo X contributed to the dissolution of the
Western church. Leo excommunicated
Martin Luther in 1521.
 Hans Holbein the Younger was a German
Hans Holbein the
artist and printmaker who worked in a
Younger Northern Renaissance style. He is best
known as one of the greatest portraits of
the 16th century. Holbein’s work iBasel
during the decade of 1515-25 was
extremely varied, if also sometimes
derivative.
 He was the most important reformer in the
Huldrych Zwingli
Swiss Protestant Reformation and the only
major reformer of the16th century whose
movement did not evolve into a church. He
attended universities at Basel and Vienna
and served as a parish priest in Glarus,
Switzerland.