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STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT ENVIRONMENTAL/ CONTEXT-A CASE ANALYSIS OF

JORDAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
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Question one

Use the frameworks and concepts you have learnt in B873 to critically evaluate the context
(environment) in which the chosen PSO operates and identify the main dimensions of the
context
History context

Jordan Chamber of Commerce was established in 1955. The main responsibilities of this

organization is to cooperate through communication with various public and private sectors in

Jordan. It advises the government and the parliament regarding business interests in the

community. Its aim is to encourage foreign investment, promote international trade, and

promoting market information and statistics. The name then was changed to Jordan Chamber of

Commerce on June 12th in the year 2003 following the Provisional Law, number 70 of the year

2003, which was effected under the prime name, Chambers of Commerce (Halaweh 2011).

The Jordan Chamber of Commerce, together with the Business Council of Mexico, signed

an agreement to enhance the levels of technology amongst the countries. So is the enhancement

of the good economic relations between Mexico and Jordan. The private sectors within the two

countries have also developed stronger for a good and healthy economic growth in the land. This

shows the operation environment and partnership dimension to help Jordan Chamber of

Commerce achieve one of its main objectives which is to promote foreign investment

(Government of Jordan, 2021). Partnering with Mexico helps the organization achieve its

strategic management plan through collaboration, team work, and exchanges of ideas.

Operation/ processual context

Processual environment context is one of the concept that I learnt in B873. Jordan

Chamber of Commerce indulges in different processes to enhances effective performance of the

organization. This occurs through conduction of different activities to promote local and
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international trade. Jordan Chamber of Commerce has assisted several enterprises in Jordan to

indulge in activities such buying, selling, and even exchanging information suppliers and the TPs

online though income support. The organization works in collaboration with the government to

offer subsidies and reduce taxes on traders as a motivation to indulge in more business activities.

In addition, the organization plays the role of monitoring business information and advising the

government on techniques to use to promote industrial growth. Through this process, the

organization has been of help in promoting local and international trade in Jordan. In addition,

Jordan Chamber of Commerce looks forward to optimize ICT usage due to problems like

illiteracy in the digital world, the inadequacy of awareness, and the dim internet penetration into

the market fields (Alhawawsha & Anisimov 2019). Having noticed that it has been nine years

that Jordan has taken to redeem its picture, it therefore in the recent past was ranked in the sixth

position in the Middle East, and so does Africa in the ICT scopes, connectivity, information

security, leadership and even e-businesses that was in the year 2012.

It has recently been noted that Jordan is drastically recording increasing rates of online

transactions, more so the SMEs (Alhawawsha & Anisimov 2019). This has been achieved

through the help of public organization services from various ministry one of which is the Jordan

Chamber of Commerce. Jordan Chamber of Commerce has been cooperating with Arab and

foreign Chambers of e-commerce to ensure that online businesses perform efficiently and

effectively. Although, there are challenges involved in these environments, such as cybercrime,

the organization has been working in cohesion with local and foreign chambers to commerce to

adopt mitigation strategies to boost security issues. In the recent past, it has been realized that

level of knowledge in ICT in the Middle East is in constant rise, which is triggered by the drastic

transformation in the historical shift that has enabled leaders to have divergent and diversified
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economic solid strengths. With the anticipation in the ICT field of the global world, including the

5G network system, the society is exceedingly getting to the techniques required during the

revolution that is anticipated globally, that is, the vision 2030.

Factual Context

Another context learnt in B873 is the “factual context” which are part of public

administration as social reality. Dimensions in this context include security issue, operation

difficulties, and technical knowhow. Security is a major issue challenging the performance,

management, and operation of the Jordan Chamber of Commerce. According to Halaweh

(2011), the implementation of eCommerce by business owners in Jordan and even the

organizations interested conducting trade in the country face challenges especially in online

sales. Although Jordan Chamber of Commerce has been implementing mitigation

approaches to reduce the risks associated with hacking, and other cybercrime issues that

affects online businesses, the organization has not yet developed an approach that could

eradicate this problem. The existing security barrier hinders the development of eCommerce

in Jordan as customers and trade organizations fear the losses that may be accompanied by

the effects (Halaweh 2011). The major social problem encountered alongside the success is

the fear of the security issues that made the customers and local and foreign investors in

Jordan. The security issues in the organization is due to low levels of literacy in the ICT

which interferes with international trade.

Cultural context and its dimensions

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Another context that I learnt form B873 relating to public organization sectors is the

“cultural environment/ context. Organizational culture is categorized as a key pillar that

facilitates the success of any business in operation (Ferlie and Ongaro, 2015). It involves an

organization's prospects, experiences, attitude, and values that govern member behavior, and it

demonstrates itself in member self-perception, relations with the outside world, and future

expectations ( Bussmann & Niemeczek, 2019). Culture is built up of common values, principles,

customs, and written and unwritten regulations that have evolved over time and are accepted as

valid by the party members’ involved. One of the main principles in Jordan Chamber of

commerce is to maintain its principles and cultural values.

Some of the values include integrity, loyalty, respect, and promoting civic programs

(Halaweh,2021). All these values are maintained to help Jordan Chamber of Commerce achieve

its main goal which is to increase values and functioning of the community through business

expansion (The Government of Jordan, 2021). It is a culture for this organization to work in

collaboration to maintain trust and transparency in the organization. The highest percentage of

shareholders in Jordan Chamber of Commerce are Muslims. Although language and religion

does not really matter in how the organization operates, the values in in religion doctrine are

adopted in the organization to enhance togetherness, effective communication, and building trust

among the members (The Government of Jordan, 2021). It is also a culture in Jordan Chamber of

Commerce to engage its members before making ultimate decisions. For example, all

stakeholders are constantly informed about upcoming meetings and main agendas. This helps in

motivating the members and encouraging them to work together to reach the set goals and

objectives. The culture has been making it possible for Jordan Chamber of Commerce to

integrate successfully with other international chambers of commerce.

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Question two: Using the above evaluation to critically analyze how each contextual dimension

shapes the strategic space of the chosen PSO.

Cultural governance context

Jordan Chamber of Commerce has a behavior/ culture of protecting all human rights and

has positive response to climatic change. Cultural dimension is crucial in enhancing efficient

strategic management in the organization. The culture can help the company to maintain its

strategy on enhancing resilience and earnings growth through diversifications ( Ferlie & Ongare,

2015). The management has a belief that the organization can only flourish where human rights

are protected. The strategy has enabled the organisation retain staffs/employees which has played

a rampant role in performance sustainability. Additionally, Jordan Chamber of Commerce adhere

to the regulations in the international Bills of Rights which help to protect its stakeholders

including customers, worker, people in the society, and board of government. Respecting the law

on human rights helps in conflict resolution among the employees, not defaulting in payment,

and providing fair remuneration for all for all its workers. Jordan Chamber of Commerce

identifies severe climatic changes and it’s included among the top ten strategies in the

organization. The behavior helps in maintaining sustainable environment through taking serious

measures such as development of climatic position statements that can help in assessment and

articulation of climatic related risks to the shareholders ( Ferlie & Ongare, 2015). Moreover, the

organization helps members of the public in investing in entrepreneurial businesses, stocks,

shares, and bonds to enable them make benefits despite harsh climatic conditions.

It is a regulation policy in Jordan Chamber of Commerce to create cyber-crime resilience

due to the advancement in technology. To ensure that the organization is not susceptible to
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cybercrime issues such as hacking that could directly endanger the firm through leaking their

confidential information, employees get constant training on measures to maintain

confidentiality at work ( Al-Shboul et al., 2014). In addition, the organization uses computers

based system to store data. To maintain high security in the organization, strategic measures such

as creating unique passwords for the organization computer systems has always been

recommended (Zeng et al., 2011). Additionally, Jordan Chamber of Commerce focuses to

provide effective services through innovation and adoption of financial solutions from

government agencies. This has been of help in educating the public on important of investing and

conducting trade to enhance economic growth.

Legal/ law/ regulation context/dimension

Zero tolerance to unlawful conduct in the Jordan Chamber of Commerce has played a

rampant role in enhancing its success. The policy on zero tolerance on unlawful misconduct is

still continuing in all regions. Any issue to do with financial crimes is dealt with using the

financial crime combating policy. There is also the policy on anti-money laundering that deals

with terrorism policy. The policies help to protect the organisation from financial crimes and

cyber-security issues. There is the hope that with the emerging global tax changes, the

organisation will manage to continuously monitor and review government taxes in different

geographical areas where the company operates.

Jordan Chamber of Commerce has adhered to the ethical conduct and behavior whereby,

the member groups in different regions have adopted to high ethical standards. The behavior is

non-negotiable which give no room for bargaining or indulging in unethical behaviors (JT,

2021). The ethical code of conduct gives the company the ability to develop good relationship
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with the shareholders. It is also a rule/ principle that all the directors, leaders, employees, agents,

and independent contractors from different regions must observe ethic code of conduct ( Ferlie

and Ongare, 2015). For example, punctuality at work must be observed by all the shareholders

regarding of the region, position, race, and ethnicity. Therefore, every team member in Jordan

Chamber of Ecommerce must bide to the tight principles. Dealing with the culture on ethic code

of conduct strictly has enabled Jordan Chamber of Commerce deliver its services diligently

resulting in effective performances.

Cooperation, Team-Building Competencies and accountability context

Jordan Chamber of Commerce plan for the leaders in enhancing their team-building

competencies involves the development of teams. In the coming years, theses leaders should

ensure that the environment around the organization is built on collaboration and cohesiveness.

The leadership style used in this organization encourages collaboration by involving every

member of the organization ( Ferlie & Ongare, 2015). The leaders should allow free flow of

communication where every member is made to feel important and valued at the organization.

The minister in for ministry of planning and international partnership acts as a role model by

collaborating with other leaders in the similar organisations in Mexico and within the middle

East nations.

Team-building strategy and corporation has resulted in achievement of economic growth

through promotion of trade in the country. JCE encourages the community to penetrate deep in

businesses. The aim of the organization is to expand the potential income of all entrepreneurs to

encourage economic growth. In addition, the organization have been indulging in financial and

revenue dimensions to enhance effectiveness of business performances in the community. In a

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meeting that was held in August 10, 2021, the minister for planning and international

Cooperation Nasser Shraideh, said that the government of Jordan is seeking to implement and

enhance partnerships that will help in improving economic sectors (JT,2021). It was Jordan

Chamber of Ecommerce will play a role in enhancing effective trade policies to encourage

investors. In that meet, Sharideh said that there have been difficulties in improving the economic

activity as one the dimensions in Jordan. However, the corporation will help with realizing more

growth, creation of more employment, and stimulate private sectors to provide more jobs (JT,

2021).

Operation mechanism, process, and contextual influences

Shareholders play a rampant role in enhancing the success of Jordan Chamber of E-

commerce. The stakeholders include the working partners, visitors, subordinate staffs that clean

the organizations’ working premises, the government, and the community, among others.

Treating staffs with distaste and not responding to their grievances will contribute to significant

adverse effects which might affect the organization’s performance ( Suen, 2016). This can affect

the rate in which the members attend meeting or give their opinions on important matters such as

trade difficulties or international relations.

To enhance effective performance, Jordan Chamber of Commerce has been giving its

members a day off during holidays and worship day. This acts a motivational strategy which can

boost their performances resulting in coordination in the public sector (Sanford & Moore, 2015).

Jordan Chamber of Commerce has been trying its best to solve the issue of discrimination among

its members. All members receive equal treatment regardless of the gender, age, and ethnicity.

As a result, the organization has been promoting transparency among its members which gives
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them a sense of belonging. This help the workers learn that there is transparency in the

organization and thus, increase their morale while at work (Suen, 2016). It helps to avoid issues

like strike, boycotting, among others, which might affect the performance of the company.

Management Strategy

Based on environmental analysis, corruption should be keenly investigated in Jordan

Chamber of Commerce and those caught with fraud should face the law; misusing of resource

for own self-gain. The organization should also impellent the 'porter's five forces analysis, which

would help in ensuring that the firm creates conducive micro-environment, which would assist

the firm to have a better image (Thomas, 2016). More recommendations should be given on

training of the members in the organisation and attending seminars which would help in creating

empowerment in the solving online issues with the use of computers (Peterson, 2015). For

example, all members should understand about the use of webinars for video conferencing.

Technological makes it easier to resolve ongoing issues online and through video conferences

rather than regular meetings in the Chamber. Jordan Chamber of Commerce play a role in

ensuring that information technology is widely spread in the students' studies in Jordan. The

organization realized the importance of including information and communications technology

tutoring and has been tested to be a valid score in the program. It, therefore, recognized the need

for education in the development of IS and Information the ICT, this is, therefore, an indication

the introduction of the e-learning should be kept in the study linear for not one will be futile once

the business booms (Al-Shbiel, & Ahmad 2016). On many occasions, Jordan is characterized by

the engagement of the many enterprises and selling and buying activities was. Therefore, the

onset of computers stands out as the citizens interact with the customers and any other project

owners hence enhancing the effectiveness in their operations.

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References

Al-Bakri, A. A., & Katsioloudes, M. I. (2015). The factors affecting e-commerce adoption by
Jordanian SMEs. Management Research Review.
Alhawawsha, M., & Anisimov, A. (2019). THE CURRENT STATUS OF THE E-
GOVERNMENT PROJECT IN JORDAN AND ITS BENEFITS AND
ADVANTAGES. Technology transfer: fundamental principles and innovative technical
solutions, 3-5.
Al-Shboul, M., Rababah, O., Ghnemat, R., & Al-Saqqa, S. (2014). Challenges and factors
affecting the implementation of e-government in Jordan. Journal of Software
Engineering and Applications, 7(13), 1111.
Al-Shbiel, S. O., & Ahmad, M. A. (2016). A theoretical discussion of electronic banking in
Jordan by integrating technology acceptance model and theory of planned behaviour.
International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management
Sciences, 6(3), 272-284.
Bussmann, K. D., & Niemeczek, A. (2019). Compliance through company culture and values:
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Business Ethics, 157(3), 797-811.

Ferlie, E., & Ongaro, E. (2015). Strategic management in public services organizations:

Concepts, schools and contemporary issues. Routledge.
Government of Jordan. (2021). Jordan Chamber of Commerce. Retrieved from
https://portal.jordan.gov.jo/wps/portal/Home/GovernmentEntities/Agencies/Agency/Jordan
%20Chamber%20of%20Commerce/!
ut/p/z0/04_Sj9CPykssy0xPLMnMz0vMAfIjo8ziHU1cQ0wN3B09PcOMzAwcXRwt_JwD3I0N3I30g1
Pz9L30o_ArAppiVOTr7JuuH1WQWJKhm5mXlq8f4ZVflJKYp-CckZiblFqkkJ-m4

Halaweh, M. (2011). Adoption of e‐commerce in Jordan: Understanding the security

challenge. The Electronic Journal of Information Systems in Developing
Countries, 47(1), 1-13.
JT. (2021). Gov’t, JCC discuss strategies for economic growth, recovery. Retrieved from
https://www.jordantimes.com/news/local/govt-jcc-discuss-strategies-economic-growth-
recovery
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Patterson, J. (2015). The five most important aspects of effecive communication. UK: Paperback.

Sanford, K., & Moore, S. L. ,. (2015). Dyad leadership in businesses: when one plus one is
greater than two. Wolters Kluwer.

Suen. (2016). The structure of Economics. LOndon: mcgraw hill 181.

Thomas. (20 January 2016). Measuring business model innovation: conceptualization, scale
development, and proof of performance. Journal of R & D and management , Volume 25
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Zeng, S. X., Meng, X. H., Zeng, R. C., Tam, C. M., Tam, V. W., & Jin, T. (2011). How
environmental management driving forces affect environmental and economic
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