ANDROID BASED SMART INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION USING

BLUETOOTH TECHNOLOGY

A MINI PROJECT REPORT

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the award of the degree of
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICAL ENINEERING
Submitted by
SUDARASANAM VENKATA RUSHIVARDHAN
BRANCH:EEE
PIN NO:17551A0239
Under the Supervision of Associate Professor
Mr. RAMJI
GODAVARI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &
TECHNOLOGY(A)

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICAL

ENGINEERING

1
 ANDROID SMART INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION USING
BLUETOOTH TECHNOLOGY
A MINI PROJECT REPORT
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the award of the degree of
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
In
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICAL ENINEERING
Submitted by

S.V.RUDHIVARDHAN
PIN NO:17551A0239

Under the Supervision of

Mr. RAMJI
Associate Professor

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICAL

ENGINEERING
GODAVARI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &
TECHNOLOGY(A)
JUNE 2019

2
 GODAVARI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &
TECHNOLOGY(A)
(Autonomous)
CHAITANYA KNOWLEDGE CITY, NH-16, RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM
533296, AP
BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE
Certified that this project report “ADROID BASED SMART INDUSTRIAL
AUTOMATIONUSINBLUETOOTH TECHNOLOGY” is the bonafide work of
“S.V.RUSHIVARDHAN ,BRANCH:EEE & PIN NO:17551A0239”, who carried out the
project work under my supervision during the year 201__ to 201__, towards partial
fulfillment of the requirements of the Degree of Bachelor of Technology in Computer
Science & Engineering as administered under the Regulations of Godavari Institute of
Engineering & Technology, Rajamahendravaram, AP, India and award of the Degree from
Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Kakinada. The results embodied in this report
have not been submitted to any other University for the award of any degree.

Signature of the head of the Department Department Signature of the Supervisor

Mr.PRASAD Mr.RAMJI Associate Professor
HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT SUPERVISOR
Department of __________________ EEE DEPARTMENT

DATE;------------------------------ GODAVARI INSTITUTE OF

ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY(A)
CHHAITANYA KNOWLEDGE CITY, NH-16,
RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM 533296, AP

___________________________________________________________________________
External Viva voce conducted on _______________

Internal Examiner External Examiner

3
 GODAVARI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &
TECHNOLOGY
(Autonomous)
CHAITANYA KNOWLEDGE CITY, NH-16, RAJAMAHENDRAVARAM 533296, AP
CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION
I solemnly declare that this project report “ANDROID BASED SMART INDUSTRIAL
AUTOMATIONUSINBLUETOOTH TECHNOLOGY” ” is the bonafide work done purely by
me/us, carried out under the supervision of Prof./Dr./Mr./Ms.
________________________________________________, towards partial fulfillment of the
requirements of the Degree of _____________________________ in ___________________
______________ Engineering as administered under the Regulations of Godavari Institute of
Engineering & Technology, Rajamahendravaram during year of 20--- to 20---- .

I also declare that no part of this document has been taken up verbatim from any source
without permission from the author(s)/publisher(s). Wherever few sentences, findings,
images, diagrams or any other piece of information has been used for the sake of completion
of this work, I have adequately referred to the document source. In the event of any issue
arising hereafter about this work, I/we shall be personally responsible
.
It is further certified that this work has not been submitted, either in part of in full, to any
other department of the Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Kakinada, or any other
University, institution or elsewhere, in India or abroad or for publication in any form.

Signature of the Student(s)

Date:--------------- s.v.Rushivardhan
Pin no:17551A0239

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
It gives us immense pleasure in express our gratitude in everyone who helped us in the
successful completion of our main project titled,” ANDROID BASED SMART INDUSTRIAL
AUTOMATIONUSIN BLUETOOTH TECHNOLOGY” .

We express our sincere thanks to project Guide MR.RAMJI ,electrical & electronical
engineering, Godavari institution of engineering technology ,Rajahmundry for her
extraneous support in providing the requirements and her valuable suggestions and co-
operation in making this mini project a success.

We express our sincere thanks to MR .PRASAD head of the department of electrical

& electronical engineering, GIET college, Rajahmundry for his extraneous support in
providing the requirements and his valuable suggestions and co-operation in making this
mini project a success.

We wish to thank our respected principal sri. mr. Prasad , Godavari institution of
engineering technology, Rajahmundry for providing such a great opportunity in completion
of project. We wish to express our sincere gratitude to the management for providing
facilities in the completion of mini project successfully.

Finally ,we thank one and all who helped us directly and indirectly in completing the
mini project successfully.

Project Associates

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CONTENTS PAGE NO.

ABSTRACT 7

INTRODUCTION 8

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM 9

MAJOR COMPONENTS USED IN THIS 10

PROJECT

MAJOR COMPONENTS DESCRIPTION 10 - 20

APPLICATION OF MINI PROJECT 21

CONCLUSION 22

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 ABSTRACT
We are living in 21st century where automation of any form i.e. industrial or home plays an
important role in human life. When it comes to industrial automation the concept is applied
To large machines or robots which help in increasing the efficiency in terms of production.
Energy and time .industrial automation on the other hand involves automating the household
environment. This is possible because of the smart phones and internet that we are widely
using industrial automation can be again divide in to just controlling the appliances using a
smart phone from a remote location and another type filled with sensors and actuators which
controls the lighting, temperature, door locks, electronic gadgets, electrical appliances etc
Using a “smart” system.

The main objective of this project is to develop a industrial automation system using
an AVR microcontroller(Atmega16) with Bluetooth being remotely controlled by android Os
smart phone .As technology is advancing so industrials or houses are also getting smarter.
modern industrial are gradually shifting from conventional switches to centralized control
system. Involving remote controlled switches. Presently, conventional wall switches located
in different parts of the house makes it difficult for the user to go near them to operate. Even
more it becomes more difficult for the elderly or physically handicapped people to do so,
remote controlled or android controlled of industrial or home automation system provides a
most modern solution with smart phones. In order to achieve this a Bluetooth module is
interfaced to the AVR board at the receiver end while on the transmitter end. A java
application on the cell phone sends ON/OFF commands to the receiver where loads are
connected. by touching the specified location on the java program. the loads can be turned
ON/OFF remotely through this technology. The loads are operated by AVR board in single
channel with help of Bluetooth module

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INTRODUCTION

Android based Smart Industrial / Home Automation using

Bluetooth Technology
Automations in industrial, commercial or residential sectors mostly depend
upon the power systems, which require distant controlling and monitoring.
With the proliferation of wireless technologies, it is more efficient to
implement an appropriate technology depending upon the cost, speed and
distance requirements of the proposed system.

In this Proposed system, we have designed a wireless Single Channel AC Load

Control System for Industry or Home Automation. This System is designed
using AVR Microcontroller, Bluetooth Module, Android Application as Key
Component of entire system. User is provided with a dedicated Android
Application. This Application is connected wirelessly with the Hardware unit
using Bluetooth Technology. Using this Application user can Switch On / Off the
AC Load Wirelessly from the distance of 10 feet. Relay module is used as a
interface between Microcontroller and AC Load. Embedded C Programming
language is used to program the Logic of AVR Microcontroller. Buzzer used in
this system to alert the user on every action.

The power supply consists of a step-down transformer 230/12V, which steps

down the voltage to 12V AC. This is converted into DC using bridge rectifier.
Ripples are removed using a capacitive filter and it is then regulated to +5V
using voltage regulator 7805 which is required for operation of the
Microcontroller and other components

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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

9
MAJOR COMPONENTS USED IN THIS PROJECT

1. AVR Microcontroller – Atmega 16

2. Bluetooth Module
3. Relay Circuit
4. AC Load
5. Android Application
6. 12v Transformer
7. Voltage Regulators
8. Filter Capacitors
9. Other Misc Components

MAJOR COMPONENTS DESCRIPTION

HC-05 Bluetooth Module

HC-05 module is an easy to use Bluetooth SPP (Serial Port

Protocol) module, designed for transparent wireless serial
connection setup.

Serial port Bluetooth module is fully qualified Bluetooth

V2.0+EDR (Enhanced Data Rate) 3Mbps Modulation with
complete 2.4GHz radio transceiver and baseband. It uses CSR
Bluecore 04-External single chip Bluetooth system with CMOS technology and with
AFH(Adaptive Frequency Hopping Feature). It has the footprint as small as
12.7mmx27mm. Hope it will simplify your overall design/development cycle.

Specifications

Hardware Features

 Typical -80dBm sensitivity

 Up to +4dBm RF transmit power
 Low Power 1.8V Operation ,1.8 to 3.6V I/O
 PIO control
 UART interface with programmable baud rate
 With integrated antenna
 With edge connector

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Software Features

 Default Baud rate: 38400, Data bits:8, Stop bit:1,Parity:No parity, Data control:
has.

Supported baud rate: 9600,19200,38400,57600,115200,230400,460800.

 Given a rising pulse in PIO0, device will be disconnected.

 Status instruction port PIO1: low-disconnected, high-connected;
 PIO10 and PIO11 can be connected to red and blue led separately. When
master and slave

are paired, red and blue led blinks 1time/2s in interval, while disconnected only blue
led blinks 2times/s.

 Auto-connect to the last device on power as default.

 Permit pairing device to connect as default.
 Auto-pairing PINCODE:”0000” as default
 Auto-reconnect in 30 min when disconnected as a result of beyond the range
of connection.

BUZZER

A buzzer or beeper is an audio signaling device, which may be mechanical,

electromechanical, or piezoelectric. Typical uses of buzzers and beepers include
alarm devices, timers and confirmation of user input such as a mouse click or
keystroke.

Type of buzzers

Electromechanical

Early devices were based on an electromechanical system identical to an electric bell

without the metal gong. Similarly, a relay may be connected to interrupt its own
actuating current, causing the contacts to buzz. Often these units were anchored to a
wall or ceiling to use it as a sounding board. The word "buzzer" comes from the
rasping noise that electromechanical buzzers made.

Mechanical

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A joy buzzer is an example of a purely mechanical buzzer. They require drivers.

Piezoelectric

Piezoelectric disk beeper

A piezoelectric element may be driven by an oscillating electronic circuit or other

audio signal source, driven with a piezoelectric audio amplifier. Sounds commonly
used to indicate that a button has been pressed are a click, a ring or a beep.

Modern applications

While technological advancements have caused buzzers to be impractical and

undesirable, there are still instances in which buzzers and similar circuits may be
used. Present day applications include:

 Novelty uses
 Educational purposes

 Annunciator panels
 Electronic metronomes
 Game show lock-out device
 Microwave ovens and other household appliances
 Sporting events such as basketball games
 Electrical alarms
 Joy buzzer- a mechanical buzzer used for pranks

Atmega 16 Microcontroller

The AVR is a modified Harvard architecture 8-bit RISC single-chip microcontroller,

which was developed by Atmel in 1996. The AVR was one of the first microcontroller
families to use on-chip flash memory for program storage, as opposed to one-time
programmable ROM, EPROM, or EEPROM used by other microcontrollers at the time.

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megaAVR chips became popular after they were designed into the 8-bit Arduino
platform.

Atmega16 is an 8-bit high performance microcontroller of Atmel’s Mega AVR family

with low power consumption. Atmega16 is based on enhanced RISC (Reduced
Instruction Set Computing, Know more about RISC and CISC Architecture)
architecture with 131 powerful instructions. Most of the instructions execute in one
machine cycle. Atmega16 can work on a maximum frequency of 16MHz.
 
Atmega16 has 16 KB programmable flash memory, static RAM of 1 KB and EEPROM
of 512 Bytes. The endurance cycle of flash memory and EEPROM is 10,000 and
100,000, respectively.
 
Atmega16 is a 40 pin microcontroller. There are 32 I/O (input/output) lines which are
divided into four 8-bit ports designated as PORTA, PORTB, PORTC and PORTD.
 
Atmega16 has various in-built peripherals like USART, ADC, Analog Comparator, SPI,
JTAG etc. Each I/O pin has an alternative task related to in-built peripherals. The
following table shows the pin description of Atmega16.

PIN CONFIGURATION ATMEGA 16

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Features of AVR Microcontroller

 Multifunction, bi-directional general-purpose I/O ports with configurable,

built-in pull-up resistors
 Multiple internal oscillators, including RC oscillator without external parts
 Internal, self-programmable instruction flash memory up to 256 kB (384 kB on
XMega)
o In-system programmable using serial/parallel low-voltage proprietary
interfaces or JTAG
o Optional boot code section with independent lock bits for protection
 On-chip debugging (OCD) support through JTAG or debug WIRE on most
devices
o The JTAG signals (TMS, TDI, TDO, and TCK) are multiplexed on GPIOs.
These pins can be configured to function as JTAG or GPIO depending on
the setting of a fuse bit, which can be programmed via ISP or HVSP. By
default, AVRs with JTAG come with the JTAG interface enabled.
o debug WIRE uses the /RESET pin as a bi-directional communication
channel to access on-chip debug circuitry. It is present on devices with
lower pin counts, as it only requires one pin.
 Internal data EEPROM up to 4 kB
 Internal SRAM up to 16 kB (32 kB on XMega)
 External 64 kB little endian data space on certain models, including the
Mega8515 and Mega162.
o The external data space is overlaid with the internal data space, such
that the full 64 kB address space does not appear on the external bus
and accesses to e.g. address 010016 will access internal RAM, not the
external bus.
o In certain members of the XMega series, the external data space has
been enhanced to support both SRAM and SDRAM. As well, the data
addressing modes have been expanded to allow up to 16 MB of data
memory to be directly addressed.
o AVRs generally do not support executing code from external memory.
Some ASSPs using the AVR core do support external program memory.
 8-bit and 16-bit timers
o PWM output (some devices have an enhanced PWM peripheral which
includes a dead-time generator)
o Input capture that record a time stamp triggered by a signal edge
 Analog comparator
 10 or 12-bit A/D converters, with multiplex of up to 16 channels
 12-bit D/A converters

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  A variety of serial interfaces, including
o I²C compatible Two-Wire Interface (TWI)
o Synchronous/asynchronous serial peripherals (UART/USART) (used with
RS-232, RS-485, and more)
o Serial Peripheral Interface Bus (SPI)
o Universal Serial Interface (USI): a multi-purpose hardware
communication module that can be used to implement an SPI, I2C or
UART interface.
 Brownout detection
 Watchdog timer (WDT)
 Multiple power-saving sleep modes
 Lighting and motor control (PWM-specific) controller models
 CAN controller support
 USB controller support
o Proper full-speed (12 Mbit/s)
hardware & Hub controller with
embedded AVR.
o Also freely available low-speed (1.5
Mbit/s) (HID) bitbanging software
emulations
 Ethernet controller support
 LCD controller support
 Low-voltage devices operating down to 1.8 V
(to 0.7 V for parts with built-in DC–DC
upconverter)
 picoPower devices
 DMA controllers and "event system" peripheral communication.
 Fast cryptography support for AES and DES

TRANSFORMER

A transformer is an electrical device that transfers electrical energy between two or

more circuits through electromagnetic induction. Electromagnetic induction
produces an electromotive force across a conductor which is exposed to time varying
magnetic fields. Commonly, transformers are used to increase or decrease the
voltages of alternating current in electric power applications.

A varying current in the transformer's primary winding creates a varying magnetic

flux in the transformer core and a varying magnetic field impinging on the
transformer's secondary winding. This varying magnetic field at the secondary

15
winding induces a varying electromotive force (EMF) or voltage in the secondary
winding due to electromagnetic induction.

A Transformer takes in electricity at a higher voltage and lets it run through lots of
coils wound around an iron core. “. A single-phase Transformer can operate to either
increase or decrease the voltage applied to the primary winding. Because the current
is alternating, the magnetism in the core is also alternating. Also around the core is
an output wire with fewer coils. The magnetism changing back and forth makes a
current in the wire. Having fewer coils means less voltage. When it is used to
“decrease” the voltage on the secondary winding with respect to the primary it is
called a Step-down Transformer. When a Transformer is used to “increase” the
voltage on its secondary winding with respect to the primary, it is called a Step-up
Transformer.

However, a third condition exists in which a transformer produces the same voltage
on its secondary as is applied to its primary winding. In other words, its output is
identical with respect to input. This type of Transformer is called an “Impedance
Transformer” and is mainly used for impedance matching or the isolation of
adjoining electrical circuits.

Types

Various specific electrical application designs require a variety of transformer types.

Although they all share the basic characteristic transformer principles, they are
customize in construction or electrical properties for certain installation
requirements or circuit conditions.

 Autotransformer: Transformer in which part of the winding is common to both

primary and secondary circuits.[88]
 Capacitor voltage transformer: Transformer in which capacitor divider is used
to reduce high voltage before application to the primary winding.
 Distribution transformer, power transformer: International standards make a
distinction in terms of distribution transformers being used to distribute
energy from transmission lines and networks for local consumption and
power transformers being used to transfer electric energy between the
generator and distribution primary circuits.[88][89][q]
 Phase angle regulating transformer: A specialised transformer used to control
the flow of real power on three-phase electricity transmission networks.
 Scott-T transformer: Transformer used for phase transformation from three-
phase to two-phase and vice versa.[88]

Applications

Transformers are used to increase (or step-up) voltage before transmitting electrical
energy over long distances through wires. Wires have resistance which loses energy

16
through joule heating at a rate corresponding to square of the current. By
transforming power to a higher voltage transformers enable economical
transmission of power and distribution. Consequently, transformers have shaped the
electricity supply industry, permitting generation to be located remotely from points
of demand.[92] All but a tiny fraction of the world's electrical power has passed
through a series of transformers by the time it reaches the consumer. [44]

Transformers are also used extensively in electronic products to decrease (or step-
down) the supply voltage to a level suitable for the low voltage circuits they contain.
The transformer also electrically isolates the end user from contact with the supply
voltage.

Signal and audio transformers are used to couple stages of amplifiers and to match
devices such as microphones and record players to the input of amplifiers. Audio
transformers allowed telephone circuits to carry on a two-way conversation over a
single pair of wires. A balun transformer converts a signal that is referenced to
ground to a signal that has balanced voltages to ground, such as between external
cables and internal circuits.

RELAY

A relay is an electrically operated switch. Many relays use an electromagnet to

mechanically

Operate a switch, but other operating principles are also used, such as
solid-state relays. Relays are used where it is necessary to control a
circuit by a low-power signal (with complete electrical isolation
between control and controlled circuits), or where several circuits must
be controlled by one signal. The first relays were used in long distance
telegraph circuits as amplifiers: they repeated the signal coming in from
one circuit and re-transmitted it on another circuit. Relays were used
extensively in telephone exchanges and early computers to perform
logical operations.

A type of relay that can handle the high power required to directly control an electric
motor or other loads is called a contactor. Solid-state relays control power circuits
with no moving parts, instead using a semiconductor device to perform switching.
Relays with calibrated operating characteristics and sometimes multiple operating
coils are used to protect electrical circuits from overload or faults; in modern electric
power systems these functions are performed by digital instruments still called
"protective relays".

Basic design and Operation

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A simple electromagnetic relay consists of a coil of wire wrapped around a soft iron
core, an iron yoke which provides a low reluctance path for magnetic flux, a movable
iron armature, and one or more sets of contacts (there are two in the relay pictured).
The armature is hinged to the yoke and mechanically linked to one or more sets of
moving contacts. It is held in place by a spring so that when the relay is de-energized
there is an air gap in the magnetic circuit. In this condition, one of the two sets of
contacts in the relay pictured is closed, and the other set is open. Other relays may
have more or fewer sets of contacts depending on their function. The relay in the
picture also has a wire connecting the armature to the yoke. This ensures continuity
of the circuit between the moving contacts on the armature, and the circuit track on
the printed circuit board (PCB) via the yoke, which is soldered to the PCB.

When an electric current is passed through the coil it generates a magnetic field that
activates the armature, and the consequent movement of the movable contact(s)
either makes or breaks (depending upon construction) a connection with a fixed
contact. If the set of contacts was closed when the relay was de-energized, then the
movement opens the contacts and breaks the connection, and vice versa if the
contacts were open. When the current to the coil is switched off, the armature is
returned by a force, approximately half as strong as the magnetic force, to its relaxed
position. Usually this force is provided by a spring, but gravity is also used commonly
in industrial motor starters. Most relays are manufactured to operate quickly. In a
low-voltage application this reduces noise; in a high voltage or current application it
reduces arcing.

When the coil is energized with direct current, a diode is often placed across the coil
to dissipate the energy from the collapsing magnetic field at deactivation, which
would otherwise generate a voltage spike dangerous to semiconductor circuit
components. Such diodes were not widely used before the application of transistors
as relay drivers, but soon became ubiquitous as early germanium transistors were
easily destroyed by this surge. Some automotive relays include a diode inside the
relay case.

If the relay is driving a large, or especially a reactive load, there may be a similar
problem of surge currents around the relay output contacts. In this case a snubber
circuit (a capacitor and resistor in series) across the contacts may absorb the surge.
Suitably rated capacitors and the associated resistor are sold as a single packaged
component for this commonplace use.

If the coil is designed to be energized with alternating current (AC), some method is
used to split the flux into two out-of-phase components which add together,
increasing the minimum pull on the armature during the AC cycle. Typically this is
done with a small copper "shading ring" crimped around a portion of the core that
creates the delayed, out-of-phase component, [9] which holds the contacts during the
zero crossings of the control voltage.

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Pole and Throw

Relays have the exact working of a switch. So, the same concept is also applied. A
relay is said to switch one or more poles. Each pole has contacts that can be thrown
in mainly three ways. They are

 Normally Open Contact (NO) – NO contact is also called a make contact. It

closes the circuit when the relay is activated. It disconnects the circuit when
the relay is inactive.
 Normally Closed Contact (NC) – NC contact is also known as break contact.
This is opposite to the NO contact. When the relay is activated, the circuit
disconnects. When the relay is deactivated, the circuit connects.
 Change-over (CO) / Double-throw (DT) Contacts – This type of contacts are
used to control two types of circuits. They are used to control a NO contact
and also a NC contact with a common terminal. According to their type they
are called by the names break before make and make before break contacts.

Relay Applications

 Relays are used to realize logic functions. They play a very important role in
providing safety critical logic.
 Relays are used to provide time delay functions. They are used to time the
delay open and delay close of contacts.
 Relays are used to control high voltage circuits with the help of low voltage
signals. Similarly they are used to control high current circuits with the help of
low current signals.
 They are also used as protective relays. By this function all the faults during
transmission and reception can be detected and isolated.

VOLTAGE REGULATORS

A voltage regulator is designed to automatically

maintain a constant voltage level. A voltage
regulator may be a simple "feed-forward" design
or may include negative feedback control loops. It
may use an electromechanical mechanism, or
electronic components. Depending on the design,
it may be used to regulate one or more AC or DC
voltages.

Electronic voltage regulators are found in devices such as computer power supplies
where they stabilize the DC voltages used by the processor and other elements. In
automobile alternators and central power station generator plants, voltage

19
regulators control the output of the plant. In an electric power distribution system,
voltage regulators may be installed at a substation or along distribution lines so that
all customers receive steady voltage independent of how much power is drawn from
the line.

The 78xx (sometimes L78xx, LM78xx, MC78xx...) is a family of self-contained fixed

linear voltage regulator integrated circuits. The 78xx family is commonly used in
electronic circuits requiring a regulated power supply due to their ease-of-use and
low cost. For ICs within the family, the xx is replaced with two digits, indicating the
output voltage (for example, the 7805 has a 5-volt output, while the 7812 produces
12 volts). The 78xx line are positive voltage regulators: they produce a voltage that is
positive relative to a common ground. There is a related line of 79xx devices which
are complementary negative voltage regulators. 78xx and 79xx ICs can be used in
combination to provide positive and negative supply voltages in the same circuit.

78xx ICs have three terminals and are commonly found in the TO-220 form factor,
although they are available in surface-mount, TO-92, and TO-3 packages. These
devices support an input voltage anywhere from around 2.5 volts over the intended
output voltage up to a maximum of 35 to 40 volts depending on the model, and
typically provide 1 or 1.5 amperes of current (though smaller or larger packages may
have a lower or higher current rating).

Advantages

 78xx series ICs do not require additional components to provide a constant,

regulated source of power, making them easy to use, as well as economical
and efficient uses of space. Other voltage regulators may require additional
components to set the output voltage level, or to assist in the regulation
process. Some other designs (such as a switched-mode power supply) may
need substantial engineering expertise to implement.
 78xx series ICs have built-in protection against a circuit drawing too much
current. They have protection against overheating and short-circuits, making
them quite robust in most applications. In some cases, the current-limiting
features of the 78xx devices can provide protection not only for the 78xx
itself, but also for other parts of the circuit.

7805 is a voltage regulator integrated circuit. It is a member of 78xx series of fixed

linear voltage regulator ICs. The voltage source in a circuit may have fluctuations and
would not give the fixed voltage output. The voltage regulator IC maintains the
output voltage at a constant value. The xx in 78xx indicates the fixed output voltage
it is designed to provide. 7805 provides +5V regulated power supply. Capacitors of
suitable values can be connected at input and output pins depending upon the
respective voltage levels.

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 APPLICATION OF MINI PROJECT

1) Using this project we can turn ON or OFF appliances remotely or Android I.e using
a phone or tablet

2) The project can be further expanded to a smart home or industrial automation

system by including some sensors like light sensors, temperature sensors, safety
sensors etc, and automatically adjust different parameters like room lighting, air
conditioning (room temperature), door locks etc, and transmit the information to our
phone.

3) Additionally, we can connect to internet and controller the home or industrial

from remote location over internet and also monitor safely. For the development of
the project.

4) AVR Micro controller based device control using Bluetooth on smart phone project
can be enhanced to control the load ( Ex: light , fan, motor’s etc )

5) Industrial OR Home Automation’s and device controlling can be done using

internet of thing (IOT)

6) We can replace Bluetooth by GSM Modem so that we can achieve device

controlling by sending SMS using GSM modem .

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CONCLUSION

The industrial automation system has been experimentally proven to

work satisfactorily by connecting sample appliances to it and
appliances were successfully controlled wireless mobile device .We
learn many skills such as soldering , wiring the circuit and other tools
that we used for this project and was able to work together as a
team during this project . The Bluetooth client was successfully
tested on a multitude of different mobile phones from different
manufactures , thus proving its portability and wide comparability.
Thus a low cost home automation system was successfully designed ,
implemented and tested .

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