Straight line graphs 5A

1 a (x1, y1) = (4, 2), (x2, y2) = (6, 3) g (x1, y1) = (−2, −4), (x2, y2) = (10, 2)
y2 − y1 3 − 2 y2 − y1 2 − ( −4 )
= =
x2 − x1 6 − 4 x2 − x1 10 − ( −2 )
1 6
= =
2 12
1
b (x1, y1) = (−1, 3), (x2, y2) = (5, 4) =
2
y2 − y1 4−3
=
x2 − x1 5 − ( −1) h ( x1 , y1 )
= (=
2 , 2 ) , ( x2 , y2 )
1
( 34 , 4 )
1 y2 − y1 4 − 2
= =
6 x2 − x1 43 − 12
c (x1, y1) = (−4, 5), (x2, y2) = (1, 2) =
2
y2 − y1 2−5 1
=
4

x2 − x1 1 − ( −4 ) =8
3
= −
5
i ( x1 , y1 )
= (=
4 , 2 ) , ( x2 , y2 )
1 1
( 12 , 32 )
y2 − y1 23 − 12
=
d (x1, y1) = (2, −3), (x2, y2) = (6, 5) x2 − x1 12 − 14
y2 − y1 5 − ( −3) 1
= = 6
x2 − x1 6−2 1
4
8 2
= =
4 3
=2
j (x1, y1) = (−2.4, 9.6), (x2, y2) = (0, 0)
e (x1, y1) = (−3, 4), (x2, y2) = (7, −6) y2 − y1 0 − 9.6
y2 − y1 −6 − 4 =
= x2 − x1 0 − ( −2.4 )
x2 − x1 7 − ( −3)
−9.6
−10 =
= 2.4
10 = −4
= −1
k (x1, y1) = (1.3, −2.2),
f (x1, y1) = (−12, 3), (x2, y2) = (−2, 8) (x2, y2) = (8.8, −4.7)
y2 − y1
=
8−3 y2 − y1 −4.7 − ( −2.2 )
=
x2 − x1 −2 − ( −12 ) x2 − x1 8.8 − 1.3
1
=
2

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 y2 − y1 −2.5 3 (x1, y1) = (5, b), (x2, y2) = (8, 3)
2 k =
x2 − x1 7.5 3−b
= −3
1 8−5
= − 3−b
3 = −3
3
l (x1, y1) = (0, 5a), (x2, y2) = (10a, 0) 3 − b =−9
y2 − y1 0 − 5a b = 12
=
x2 − x1 10a − 0
−5a 4 (x1, y1) = (c, 4), (x2, y2) = (7, 6)
= 6−4 3
10a =
−5 7−c 4
= 2 3
10 =
1 7−c 4
= − 3
2 = 2 (7 − c)
4
m (x1, y1) = (3b, −2b), (x2, y2) = (7b, 2b) = 8 3(7 − c)
y2 − y1 2b − ( −2b ) =
8 21 − 3c
=
x2 − x1 7b − 3b −13 = −3c
4b −13
= c=
4b −3
=1 13
=
3
n (x1, y1) = (p, p2), (x2, y2) = (q, q2)
1
y2 − y1 q 2 − p 2 =4
= 3
x2 − x1 q− p

=
( q − p )( q + p ) 5 (x1, y1) = (−1, 2d), (x2, y2) = (1, 4)
q− p 4 − 2d 1
= −
1 − ( −1) 4
= q+ p
4 − 2d 1
= −
2 (x1, y1) = (3, −5), (x2, y2) = (6, a) 2 4
y2 − y1 1
=4 2−d = −
x2 − x1 4
a − ( −5 ) 1
So =4 2 −d = 0
6−3 4
a+5 d = 2 14
⇒ = 4
3
⇒ a+5 = 12
⇒a= 7

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6 (x1, y1) = (−3, −2), (x2, y2) = (2e, 5) 9 The gradient of AB is:
5 − ( −2 ) 4−3 1
=2 =
2e − ( −3) 4−2 2
The gradient of AC is:
7
=2 7−3 4
2e + 3 =
10 − 2 8
= 7 2 ( 2e + 3)
1
=
7 4e + 6 =
2
4e = 1 The gradients are equal and there is a
e= 1 point in common between the two line
4
segments so the points can be joined by
a straight line.
7 (x1, y1) = (7, 2), (x2, y2) = (f, 3f )
3f −2
=4 10 If the points A(−2a, 5a), B(0, 4a) and
f −7 C(6a, a) are collinear, then they all lie
3 f − 2= 4 ( f − 7 ) on the same straight line.
3 f − 2 = 4 f − 28 The gradient of AB is:
−2 = f − 28 4a − 5a −a
=
28 − 2 =f 0 − (−2a ) 2a
f = 26 1
= −
2
8 (x1, y1) = (3, −4), (x2, y2) = (−g, 2g) The gradient of AC is:
2 g − ( −4 ) a − 5a −4a
= −3 =
−g − 3 6a − (−2a ) 8a
2g + 4 1
= −3 = −
−g − 3 2
2 g + 4 =−3 ( − g − 3) The gradients are both − 12 and there is
a point in common between the two
2 g + 4 = 3g + 9
line segments so the points are
4= g + 9 collinear.
g = −5

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