IMPACT OF SOCIAL , POLITICAL , ECONOMICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL

CHANGES ON EDUCATION

INTRODUCTION

The idea of education is not merely to impart knowledge to the people in

some subjects but to develop in him those habits and attitudes with which he may
successfully face the future . In narrow or technical sense , education stands for deliberate
instruction or training providing to the child by the society through it various institutions
during a particular time in order to modify his behavior .

DEFINITION

According to Jones
“ Social changes is a term used to describe variatio9n in or modification of any aspect of
social process , social pattern , social inter-action or social organization”.
According to B. Kuppuswami
“Social changes in social behavior and in social structure”.
According to Maclver
“Social changes in a simply a change in the human relationship”.

MEANING

It means replacing the old with the new society . It can be a modification of the old also if
not total replacement . there are also change in the field of economics.

CONCEPT OF SOCIAL CHANGES

• Social changes may be used in a collective sense to include both cultural and social
ways.
• Social changes are a continuous which may be very slow or rapid.
• Social changes imply changes in the social structure and function of various units
which form society.
FACTORS OF SOCIAL CHANGES

Social changes in a complex and multi factorial

phenomenon social changes due to various factors , some of these factors are.

● Endogenous:- Internal factors of social changes occur due to alteration and

conflict caused by differential values of the old and the young , the literates
the urban and the rural.
● Exogenous:- External factor of change emphasize on the impact of such
forces in a society which are beyond human control like natural disasters and
unexpected development in technology. Some factors of social changes are.
Technological changes , cultural changes , educational changes etc…..

TYPES OF SOCIAL CHANGES

There are three types of social changes:- cultural changes , civilization change , change in
social relationship .

• Civilization changes
It refers to the dress , food habits , production technologies communication etc.

• Cultural changes
It is associated with new knowledge . Religion , rituals, arts , literature etc.

• Changes in social relation

It is the relationship between the father and son , teacher and student , husband and wife ,
etc.

NATURE OF SOCIAL CHANGES

1 Social change is universal:- According to sociologist , social changes means

variation and modification in any aspects of social process . Changes is the
characteristics of every culture and all the society .
2 Social changes is not uniform:- Although social changes occurs in all societies but
its rate varies from place and time to time . social changes , in fact depend upon the
nature of society .

3 Social changes cover the whole community:- Social change does not refer to the
change in the life of an individual or the life patterns of several individuals. It is a
change which occurs in the life of the entire community.
 4 .Duration of change varies:- It implies change can be rapid or gradual ,
continuous or abrupt , long or short. Whereas , spread of female education and
change in the information technology has brought rapid changes.

5 .Nature and speed of social changes is affected by and related to time factor:- The
speed of social change is not uniform in each age or period in the same society . In modern
times the speed of social change is faster today than before 1947. Thus , the speed of social
change differs from age to age .

6. Social changes is an essential law and it becomes as a necessity:- The changes is

unavoidable . It is one of the nature of law . Changes can occur in two ways , one is
unplanned and another is planned.

7. Definite prediction of social change is not possible:- it is difficult to make any

prediction about the exact forms of social change. There is no inherent law of social change
according to which it would assume definite forms.

8. Social change is network:- It occurs as a chine reaction . All aspects of social life
are interrelated , so the changes occurring in one aspect can lead to change in another aspect
of social life.

9. Social change occurs in the form of modification or of replacement:-

Social changes may be broadly categorized as modifications or replacement . It may
be modification of physical goods or social relationships . For example , the form of
our breakfast food has changed.

TEACHER’S ROLE IN SOCIAL CHANGES

Teacher is an agent of positive social changes.

• A believe is social changes

• He should expose himself to mass media and be encouraged to use mass media to
increase their own knowledge
• He has to give positive and constructive suggestion for social changes.
• He should encourage adult education, women education and education of back ward
classes.
• Remove obstacles in the way of social change.
• The teacher present things before public.
• A teacher has to welcome social change and should narrow minded.X
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EDUCATION AND SOCIAL CHANGES
OR
IMPACT OF SOCIAL CHANGES ON EDUCATION

According to V.R Tanuja

Education and social changes is a two way traffic , while education preserves
transmits and disseminates the whole culture . Social changes is the instrument and pre
conditional of educational thoughts.
Education as a condition of social changes:-
It is noted that social changes in impossible without education . education
make the people aware of the inadequacies of the existing system and create a craze for
social reform.
a. Education as an instrument of social change:- Education is considered
as powerful instrument for social change, because it deals mainly with the
thought patterns and behavior patterns of younger generation.
b. Education as an effect of social change:- In the wake of social change ,
people become aware of the need for educational progress. In India the
enrolment in educational institutions has increased enormously since
independence.
c. We can summarize the following relationship between education and
social change in the following way:
● Education initiates the social change and gives them direction and
purpose.
● Education creates the social reformers and leaders who
consciously make all the efforts to bring about social changes.
● Education prepares the individual for social changes . It brings a
change in the need – dispositions and also creates frustrations with
the status .
● Education determines the nature of social changes, which ought
to be brought about

FACTORS INFLUENCING FOR SOCIAL CHANGE

● Geographical factors
● Natural disaster – migration of people , climatic changes.
● Psychological factors
● Sociological factors
● Environmental factors
● Scientific and technological factors
ECONOMICAL CHANGES

DEFINITION

Economic changes is a shift in the structure of an economic system. This results in

changes to societies, cultures and everyday life on global or national basis.

● Economic condition ,policies, system are important external factor that constitute of
educational environment in a country.
● Income of people and their purchasing power influences that demands for education.
● Education the up of collaboration with foreign universities, exchange of student and
faculty members from one country to another country also influences of education
environment.
● Education Loan facilities available for students from public sector banks for higher
studies , its also available for educational institutions also.
● In India education system it find that the dropout of children was increased.
● Reason for dropout of children’s from school includes -
1. High cost of schooling
2. Lack of interest in study
3. They were needed to work and contribute to the family income
● The importance income growth deserves emphasis.
● The adverse impact of economic reforms reflects upon various revenue
diversification measures such as student fees, student loan programs. operated by
commercial banks and privatization .
● Various majors take place in the form of:
a. Racing tuition fees as a significant source of revenue for the support of
instructional cost.
b. Other fees with regards to fees for admission and examination fees.
c. Full cost recovery of other fees such as institutionally provided hostel and
mess fees.
d. It may included cost of transport phone, postage and stationery, photocopy
typing etc.
● On the other side, the needs of other higher education system have been
growing rapidly such as:
a. Increase poverty.
b. 40-50 percent of Indian leave under threshold of poverty .
c. Increase prize for the needed product.
IMPACT OF POLITICAL CHANGES ON EDUCATION

DEFINITION:

Political changes occurs when the rulers in a country lose power or the type of
governance in the country changes . Governance is the type of system used to rule a country.

● Political environment consist of local , regional, national parties are there.

● Election are held at different level in India, the two major election level are at
national level.
● The national government is established and at state level after which state
government is established .
● The problem that become across on a daily basis and in large scale in political
corruption in education system.
● The picture of education was changed after independence the constitution
directive principles in articles 45, directed the state to ensure free and
compulsory education for all national education policy in 1986.
● Government policy in education are based on prevailing environment .
● Dual degree course , job oriented course, vocational course, short term course
related to information technology.
● Uniformity of conducting exam.
● Uniform curriculum.
● Financial support.
● Conducting some schemes helped to improved education in India includes:
a. Operation blackboard it was introduce in 1986
b. Providing primary setting with necessary institutional equipments and
instructional material to facilitate education.

IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES ON EDUCATION

MEANING
A technological changes is a term used in economics to describe a change in the amount of
output produced from the same amount of inputs.

DEFINITION
● According to B.C Mathis
Education technology refers to the development of set systemic
methods, practical knowledge for the designing, operating and testing in
schools.
 ● According to Deceoco
Education technology is in the form of detailed application of the
psychology of learning to practical teaching problems.

NATURE AND CHARACETIRISTICS OD EDUCATIONAl

TECHNOLOGY

● It is the application of scientific principles of education.

● It lays stress on development of methods and techniques for effective
teaching.
● It stresses the organization of learning situation for effective realization of
the goal of education.
● It emphasizes the designing and measuring equipment for testing learning
outcomes.
● Involve input , output and process aspects of education .
● It is not confined to the use of electronic media in education, it includes
system approach also.
● It is important media of communication.
● It is very comprehensive term and is not to be viewed in term of its parts or
process.

OBJECTIVES OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY

1. Transmitting information
2. Serving as role
3. Assisting the practice of specific skills
4. Contributing to the provision of feedback
5. The need to reach more student
6. To reach them within improve range of learning material.
7. To offer greater opportunities for independent study.
8. To permit at least a limited student response.

IMPORTANT AND USES OF TECHNOLOGY IN EDUCATION

1. Technology is a teaching aids: In a educational technology computer offer

interactive audio visual medium, power point presentation and animation software
can be used to present information in a interactive way.
2. Technology has made student life easy: Student can used much more than just
pen and paper to express themselves are present what they have learned. They can
 used software to make presentation and projects. Its easier for student to carry a
PDA than carrying big fat books to schools.
3. Technology easier to store information: Computer enable better more robust
storage of information digital libraries require no physical space and students and
teachers sitting in different parts of the world can access the same at the same time.
4. Information is easily accessible: It can be used as in a as in effective tools for
acquiring knowledge. All a web user needs to do is to key in queries to search
engines.
5. Technology has eliminated space and time constraints: Online education and
distance learning have given a new dimension to education and higher learning
.Even if students are geographically far away from each other, they can be a part of
one classroom.

SCOPE OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY

1. Technology related to general educational administration and management.

2. Technology related to general educational testing.
3. Technology related to instructional .

POSITIVE EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY ON EDUCATION

The prevalence of technology drastically affects many areas of society in positive

ways, including education. Modern-day students not only have computers to help them with
their schoolwork, they also use the Internet for research while teachers use technology to
enhance their lessons.

1. Research: If a school’s library is outdated in a selection of titles, a student might find it

to difficult to compile the necessary research for an essay or research paper. As long as
the school has a computer lab, students are able to use the Internet and digital
encyclopedias to obtain the research they need.
2. Globalization: When school in different parts of the state, country or world connect,
student can “meet” their counterparts through video conferencing without leaving the
classroom.
3. Educational games: In younger grades, teachers expose children to computers through
educational games. Instead of playing board games that focus on education, students can
learn the basis of spelling, counting and other early educational lessons through computer
games that make learning fun.
4. Distance education: In the past, students could take distance or continuing education
classes, also called “correspondence courses”, at community colleges and universities.
After enrolling in a course of this style, a student would receive course document in the
mail and would be required to mail assignment to his teacher at the educational
institution. The process would be long and complicated. Thanks to technology,
continuing education students can take courses over the internet at their convenience .
5. Web seminars: Not every school has the resources and the budget to send its students
on field trips related to the course of study. When this is the case, the students education
can suffer. But thanks to technology student can use the Internet to virtually attend Web
seminars put on by museums and other educational institutions. NASA, for instance
offers a program that allows students to talk to astronauts in space.

TEACHERS ROLE IN EDUCATION

● Instructional activities with the realization of specific and clear cut the learning
outcomes has inevitably to a reassessment.
● The model of teacher as the pivotal and dominate figure in education, presenting a
variety of information to peoples has practically disappeared.
● Dictator to friend.
● To prepare student for learning by enabling them to actively participate in teaching
learning process rather than simply soon feeding.
● Creation of environment.

CONCLUSION

Such a result lead to some improvement in educational quality as measured, for

example, by test scores. We do not find convincing evidence that lower fertility will result in
faster growth in enrollment ratios(apart from within family effects).

SUMMARY

Education is a purposefull process aimed at the development of humanbeigns . It is

concerned with directing the child in the matter of bringing out of his hidden talents.
Educative process is best considered as multipolar process.

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