CIGRE UK AGM - Centenary Event

Nano-Materials for the Power Industry

CIGRE UK SC D1 / D2 – 16th November 2021

Presented by:
Thomas Andritsch – on behalf of CIGRE SC D1 UK Regular Member
 Nano-Materials for the
Power Industry
D1 – Materials and Emerging Test Techniques

CIGRE UK AGM - Centenary Event – 16th November 2021

 Ancient Nanomaterials
Damascus Steel Lycurgus Cup
Developed in India 300 BC 4th Century Roman Empire
Carbon nanotubes from plant fibres dispersed in steel Gold & Silver NP in colloidal form in the glass

G. J. M L Wayman, 'Crucible steelmaking in Sri Lanka', Historical Metallurgy 33 (1999), 26-42

Industrial Use
▪ In 1910 Silvertown Co. (London) and later B.F. Goodrich (US) introduced carbon black
into rubber tyres to improve their performance and durability

▪ Nano-scale particles can also be found in sunscreen, toothpaste, fires…

Nanometric Dielectrics – “Nanodielectrics”
▪ Nanometric dielectrics, later popularised as “Nanodielectrics”, have
been investigated since 1994 in electrical power engineering.
▪ Small amounts of nano-filler can have a big influence on properties

• Left: DC breakdown results for epoxy NC with 10 wt.% BN filler sizes

between 70 nm and 5 µm (dashed line – unfilled epoxy reference)
• Right: PD erosion resistance improvement due to addition of nanoscale Sources: Andritsch et al 2010 (left)
titania to epoxy resin at 6 kV/mm. Tanaka, Ohki, Shimizu et al 2006 (right)
Example: HVDC Cable Systems
▪ Magnesium Oxide nano-additives have been found efficient in suppressing space charge
accumulation, making them suitable for extruded HVDC cable systems.
▪ Reduced space charge means less issues during polarity reversal (interchange between
positive and negative voltages (polarity) applied to a cable depending on the operating
conditions of an interconnected DC power line)

Image source: https://www.cabletechnologynews.co.uk/sumitomo-electric-connects-nemo-link-cable-between-

uk-and-belgium/
Press release: https://www.eliagroup.eu/en/news/press-releases/2021/02/20210203_two-years-of-
outstanding-performance-for-nemo-link-the-uk-belgium-interconnector
D1 Activities on Nano-materials
Currently active working
group:
▪ D1.73 – Nanostructured
dielectrics: Multi-functionality
at the service of the electric
power industry
▪ Testing of polypropylene,
polyethylene and epoxy-
based composites with hBN
platelets
▪ 2D-nanomaterials that allow
improved thermal
conductivity while retaining
good dielectric properties
CIGRE UK AGM - Centenary Event

Information and Communications Technology

CIGRE UK SC D1 / D2 – 16th November 2021

Presented by:
Samuel Jupe – CIGRE SC C6 UK Regular Member
 Overview
Study Committees D1-D2 – IT and Telecommunications SC RM

Growth of Communications C6 Samuel Jupe

Past
Growth of Information Technology D2 Gareth Taylor

Managing Cyber Security and Data D2 Gareth Taylor

Future
Convergence of Network Intelligence C6 Samuel Jupe

CIGRE UK AGM - Centenary Event – 16th November 2021

CIGRE UK AGM - Centenary Event

The Growth of Communications

CIGRE UK SC D1 / D2 – 16th November 2021

Presented by:
Samuel Jupe – CIGRE SC C6 UK Regular Member
 PAST: 1921-2021
The Growth of Communications

CIGRE UK AGM - Centenary Event – 16th November 2021

Communications Carriers and Protocols
Legacy Systems (still used today!)

Fax

Telephony

Long wave radio

Communications Protocols and Carriers

➢ 4-20mA
➢ Mechanical-Analogue-Digital ➢ I/O V
➢ Proprietary (FLAG) ➢ Modbus
➢ IEC 61107 ➢ DNP3
➢ OSGP / IEC 14908 ➢ IEC 61850
➢ OCPP / OSCP
➢ Hardwired I/O
➢ WiFi ➢ Ethernet
➢ Zigbee ➢ RS-485 / RS-232
➢ Cellular Radio ➢ USB
➢ NarrowBand / BroadBand over Power
Line (overseas)
➢ WiFi / Bluetooth

(Smart) Metering Intra-Substation

Communications Protocols and Carriers

➢ DNP3 ➢ ICCP
➢ IEC 60870 ➢ DNP3
➢ MQTT ➢ IEC 60870
➢ IEEE C37.118-2 (PMUs) ➢ Kafka
➢ OPC DA / UA
➢ Fibre ➢ HTTPS
➢ Cellular Radio (GPRS/2G/3G/4G)
➢ Meshed Radio
➢ LoRaWAN ➢ Serial
➢ Satellite ➢ Fibre
➢ Ethernet
➢ 5G ➢ Radio/Satellite
➢ Narrowband IoT ➢ IP-based

Wide Area Networks Peer-to-Peer Systems

CIGRE UK AGM - Centenary Event

Big Data and Cyber Security

CIGRE UK SC D2 – 16th November 2021

Presented by:
Gareth Taylor – CIGRE SC D2 UK Regular Member
 FUTURE: 2021-2121
Big Data and Cyber
Security

CIGRE UK AGM - Centenary Event – 16th November 2021

17

UK Case Study - GB Power System Operation

Transmission Owners

14,000 4,000 5,000

400, 275kV 400, 275, 132kV 400, 275, 132kV

340 80 40

54.3 4.39 1.65

NGESO Balancing View GB Interconnectors

Winter Peak Demand ~ 60 GW France 1 2 GW

Generation Capacity ~ 80 GW N. Ireland 0.5 GW
Wind - 25-30 GW Ireland 0.5 GW
Netherlands 1 GW
France 2 1 GW
Belgium 1 GW
Norway 1 GW
18

NGESO Wide Area Monitoring System (WAMS)

• 0.5Hz between Scotland and E&W since
late 1970’s, involving the whole system

• PMU based monitoring (early warning)

live in control room since 2011
Approximate
• Analysis of Active Power measurements locations

• No or low visibility of Scottish system

• Transfer reduced for unstable oscillations

0
Power transfer (MW)
Power Flow (MW)

-300

-600

-900

-1200
0 100 200 300 400 500
Time (seconds)
19

Evolving NGESO WAMS Architecture

Bottom-up approach part of business as usual

Upgraded DFRs
uncoordinated poor data quality

SD-WAN
Steaming Data
Initial BLAN
unsuitable
20

The Future – Big Data and Cyber Security

In future power systems the secure availability and analytics of big data will
be essential in order to fully enable smart grid operation and control

Key technological approaches and D2 WG activity going forward

• Big Data – Volume; Velocity; Veracity; Variety; Value

• Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS), Software Defined - WAN (SD-WAN),

Streaming Protocols, Inherent Cyber Security, 5G and beyond

• Standardisation, Smart Grid Architecture Model (SGAM), IEC 61850, IEC

Common Information Model (CIM)

• Digital Twins, Real-time simulation, Hardware-in-the-Loop

CIGRE UK AGM - Centenary Event

The Convergence of Network Intelligence

CIGRE UK SC D1 / D2 – 16th November 2021

Presented by:
Samuel Jupe – CIGRE SC C6 UK Regular Member
 FUTURE: 2021-2121
The Convergence of Network
Intelligence

CIGRE UK AGM - Centenary Event – 16th November 2021

The Convergence of Network Intelligence
Whole-System Approach
Underpinned by Machine Learning and AI

Electricity Water and Gas

Buildings and Heat Transport

 The Convergence of Network Intelligence

Monitoring and Control Decision-making will

related to Services will become much more
become much more decentralised
autonomous

Electricity will become an essential service on

which all other sectors rely
 Summary
Study Committees D1-D2 – IT and Telecommunications SC RM

Growth of Communications C6 Samuel Jupe

Past
Growth of Information Technology D2 Gareth Taylor

Managing Cyber Security and Data D2 Gareth Taylor

Future
Convergence of Network Intelligence C6 Samuel Jupe

CIGRE UK AGM - Centenary Event – 16th November 2021


Thank You!
Copyright &
Disclaimer notice
For more information:
samuel.jupe@nortechonline.co.uk
Samuel Jupe
Network Innovation Manager, Nortech
CIGRE SC C6 UK Regular Member
Copyright © 2021
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