1. Water is required for plants to thrive.

Farmers and plant enthusiasts must water plants

as part of their overall plant care. Because it has a direct impact on plants, watering
plants with the appropriate water amount is critical. Plants can become dry or rotting
due to a lack of water or an excessive amount of water. Watering plants can be done
manually or with the help of automated technologies. This study is focused on the
development of an automated prototype device and plant watering system. The
device's prototype emphasizes the detection of soil moisture content in order to control
water flow throughout the watering process. The goal of this study is to see if the
watering system can control the amount of water required by the plants based on soil
moisture. The automatic watering device has been discussed in various relevant studies.
2.  The application of fuzzy logic and the usage of Atmega16 microcontrollers, LM35
temperature sensors, and soil moisture sensors for celery plants were described in this
study. The Atmega8535 microcontroller and LM35 temperature sensor are used in the
research, which is used to irrigate plants in general. The study used RTC timers based on
the Atmega16 microcontroller to create an automatic sprinkler prototype for aerologic
plants. The sprinkler watering system activated by temperature and light intensity
values employing LM35 sensor, LDR, and Atmega8535 was discussed in research, which
was used on a swallow nest farm. Investigate discusses the construction of plant
sprinklers utilizing an Arduino Uno, YL-39 and YL-69 sensor, relay, water pump, and
Bluetooth connection to a devised Android application loaded on the user's smartphone
that displays the soil moisture pH value These linked studies have concentrated on the
watering device control function, however there are no features that are connected to
the internet of things platform. IoT research is evolving and being implemented in a
variety of ways. For example, the Wemos board microcontroller and PIR sensor for
motion detection were used to deploy IoT in the area of home security. The IoT platform
was utilized to record data from MQ135 air quality sensors in the monitoring system.
Another example of IoT is a gas detector prototype that uses a MQ2 sensor and a
Wemos board microcontroller with notification and monitoring functionalities, as
described in study. The application of IoT for irrigation was described in research, which
used a regression model to optimise and control water consumption. Another study
developed a smart plant monitoring system that includes a cloud-based server and
Android/iOS-based mobile devices that allow users to monitor plant moisture,
temperature, and light conditions in order to provide appropriate irrigation and
illumination. Several related studies have previously been reviewed. Each research has
its own set of characteristics that are tailored to the needs of the study. The major goal
of our automatic watering system research is to build and install a watering device that
regulates the watering process based on the soil moisture requirements of the plants.
We concentrated on two primary challenges connected to hardware construction and
integrated the system with IoT platforms for this purpose. In addition to the prototype
device, this study makes use of IoT platform capabilities such as Thingspeak and Blynk. A
soil moisture sensor, a Wemos D1 microprocessor, and other hardware and software
were utilised to create the autonomous watering system, Wemos D1 microcontroller,
relay, solenoid valve, watering pipe, Arduino IDE, Blynk apps, and Thingspeak.
3. According to the research's goals, an automatic watering system coupled with IoT
platforms Blynk and ThingSpeak might handle the functions of watering the plant.
Wemos D1 microcontroller received a signal from the soil moisture sensor, which
identified water wetness in the soil. Results from the sensor, processed by the
microcontroller to generate the CORIS Member | ISSN: 2541-2221 | E-ISSN: 2477-8079
processed by the microcontroller to generate the watering function automatically.
When the device activates or deactivates the watering function, the system sends a
notification to the Blynk apps. The system contains a monitoring capability that uses
Thing Speak to record the soil moisture value and display the data as a graph. To
perform real-time monitoring and alerting, the system needed to be connected to the
internet. When the system is disconnected from the internet, the monitoring and
alerting capabilities are disabled, but the watering device continues to work. The
starting value of soil moisture could be changed based on the amount of moisture
required by the plants. The microcontroller can be reprogrammed to accomplish this.
We set the beginning value of soil moisture in rangs for this study. When the system is
disconnected from the internet, the monitoring and alerting capabilities are disabled,
but the watering device continues to work. The starting value of soil moisture could be
changed based on the amount of moisture required by the plants. The microcontroller
can be reprogrammed to accomplish this. We set the beginning value of soil moisture in
rangs for this study. For additional investigation, more soil moisture sensors or another
sensor, such as a temperature and humidity sensor, may be added to the system, and
then different experimental settings may be run to compare the results. The watering
pipe might be adjusted to fit the region where the plants are planted on the ground.
This automatic watering system can be used for either gardening or irrigation.
4. Soil moisture is related to the amount of water in the soil, which is a component that
impacts plant growth. Regardless of the amount of water required by plants, the
procedure of watering them is usually done manually. This study looked at an
automated prototype and a system that watered plants based on soil moisture levels.
Prototyping is the method employed, and it is appropriate for the situationThe
prototype and systems were created using a microcontroller, soil moisture sensors, a
relay, and a solenoid valve, and they were combined with the Blynk applications and
Thingspeak IoT platform. The procedure begins with the sensor detecting soil moisture.
If the soil moisture value is between 30% and 35%, the device engages the watering
function by opening the solenoid valve to drain water to the drain. The device turns off
the watering operation when the soil moisture level exceeds 35 percent. The
ThingSpeak IoT platform was used to provide a graphical representation of moisture
percentage data. When the watering device is enabled or disabled, Blynk apps send
notifications to the user's smartphone. Based on the test scenario, it was discovered
that following the watering procedure, the percentage of soil moisture went from 30
percent to 35 percent to 68.2 percent. Each component of the device and system has
been thoroughly tested and proven to perform as intended, indicating that the system
has the potential to be employed in the automatic watering of plants.