Madhav Institute of Technology and Science, Gwalior

(A Govt. Aided UGC Autonomous Institute, affiliated to R.G.P.V, Bhopal, M.P)

Department of Computer Science & Engineering and

Information Technology

A
Practical File
On

Critical Problem Solving

(Subject Code:160703 )

Session: July. – Dec 2021

Submitted To: Submitted By:

Prof. Punit Johari Ankit Mishra

Prof. Sanjiv Sharma IT 4th year
0901IT171023
 INDEX

S.NO PROBLEM STATEMENT: REMARK:

1. Computer Viruses: The Problem:
Help! I think I have a virus on my
network!
2. Unable to Connect to the Internet the
Problem: The wireless network shows
a signal, but my device won’t connect

3. Duplicated IP Address: The Problem: I

got an error message that says that the
IP address is already in use.

4. Slow Performance: Problem: My

applications are responding very
slowly.
5. Input format: through text or voice
input (Like Alexa).
Output: launch the application
6. Experiment with different algorithms
to learn first-hand what works well
and how techniques compare.
 1.Computer Viruses
The Problem: Help! I think I have a virus on my network!
Network viruses can completely disable a computer network, so this is the first
issue we’re going to tackle. There can be a number of causes of computer
viruses. Viruses can come from a wide range of sources, such as e-mail
attachments, malicious software, online advertisements, and yes, even social
media.
What are some signs of computer viruses? While remediating an infection on a
single computer can be daunting, removing a virus from an infected network is
a real challenge since it can hide on any computer. So, here’s how you can fix
it:
Solution
Threat Evaluation
Step 1: To effectively counteract the threat posed by network viruses, evaluate
the severity of the infection using licensed antivirus software. Perform a
complete network scan to identify suspicious files and programs. The scan
displays results depending upon the level and extent of infection.

Step 2: Your antivirus and anti-malware software must be kept up to date.

Enable automatic updates and check to see if updates are available (then install
them) checking for an infection. As hundreds of new instances of malware and
viruses are created daily, your software's virus database will likely become
obsolete even in just few days.

Step 3: Understanding what the infected file does and how it affects the
network system is essential to clean the virus effectively. The system or file
could be infected with a virus, a Trojan or a keylogger--the most common types
of network threats. Configure the antivirus so it also scans hidden files, the root
directory, and running programs. Depending on the results, check the vendor's
website to know more about the threat the network is exposed to.
Counterstrike
Step 1: Back up all your system files and the registry using relevant tools.
Many infections spread to files vital for running the system, and cleaning or
deleting them might render your system unstable. With a Mac or a conventional
PC, backing up integral files ensures data isn't lost and the network remains
stable. The "system restore" option available in all modern versions of Windows
allows the administrator to set a restore point to which the operating system can
revert in emergencies.
Step 2: Quarantine all suspicious files. Options available in antivirus software
allow isolation of infected files and prevent all their exchanges from other files
or the system registry. By altering or faking registry entries of the operating
system, some network viruses can render themselves "invisible" to an antivirus
program. A scan of the registry and subsequent isolation can pinpoint these
particular problems.
Step 3: Disinfect or clean all quarantined files. Certain antiviruses also check
mailboxes for potentially dangerous emails. Once identified by the antivirus,
such emails should be cleaned or deleted manually.
 2. Unable to Connect to the Internet
The Problem: The wireless network shows a signal, but my device won’t
connect
Using a wireless network is great for mobility, but can hinder your productivity
when it decides to malfunction. There are a few different reasons why your
wireless network is having connectivity issues, such as the wireless router or the
network card itself. This issue will require a bit of network troubleshooting to
find a solution, so let’s get to work:
Solution
Try disconnecting and reconnecting to the network
In most cases just a simple disconnect and reconnect might fix the issue. For
doing this you can turn off then on your WiFi or Airplane mode.

Make sure your router is working and able to connect to network

To check this, see if other devices connected to same network are able to
connect to internet or not. If not, it might be a router issue. The first step in this
case should be to restart the router and check weather it fixed the problem or
not.
In many cases you can also be out of reach of your router while using wireless
network and cable may not attached properly while using wired one.
Forget The Network & Reconnect to It
Forgetting network and reconnect to it can also fix the issue for this go to
settings then WiFi then manage known networks and click the forget button in
front of network which is causing the issue.
Uninstall and reinstall Drivers for Your Network Adapter
For doing this go to device manager and expand the network adapter, then select
your network adapter from the list right click on it then click uninstall device
tick the checkbox that say “Delete the driver software for this device” and click
uninstall. Then restart your computer, your computer will automatically find
and install the required drivers for your adapter.
Run Commands in CMD To Fix The Issue
The “Can’t connect to network” issue you’re facing on your Windows 10 could
be due to an IP related issue as well. In that case, Microsoft recommends you
use a command to release your IP and flush the DNS cache.
These commands can be run from the Command Prompt utility on your
computer. You don’t need to configure them or anything like that; all you need
to do is copy and paste them into your CMD window.
• Search for Command Prompt using the Cortana search and click on
the Run as administrator option.
• Type the following commands into the Command Prompt window one by
one hitting Enter after each line.
netsh winsock reset
netsh int ip reset
ipconfig /release
ipconfig /renew
ipconfig /flushdns

• Reboot your computer and your issue should likely be fixed.

Reset Your Network Settings

Sometimes an improper configuration in your network settings can lead to
errors like “Windows 10 can’t connect to this network”. The best way to resolve
the issue, without getting into much details, is to reset your network settings.
It brings your settings back to the factory defaults, and you can always
reconfigure them when needed.
• Launch the Settings app using Cortana search on your PC.
• Select Status from the left sidebar on your screen.
• Scroll down in the right-hand side pane and click on the option that
says Network reset. It should be at the very bottom of your screen.
• Click on the Reset now button to reset your settings.
Disable IPv6 On Your PC
You can try disabling IP version 6 on your computer and see if it helps fix the
connection issue on your machine. Most computers can work just fine with IPv4
and you shouldn’t have any issues at all, unless you work on something that
specifically requires IPv6.
• Right-click on the network icon in your system tray and select Open
Network & Internet settings.

• Click on Change adapter options on the following screen.

• Find your wireless adapter, right-click on it, and select Properties.

• You’ll see several options you can enable and disable for your adapter.
Untick the box that says Internet Protocol Version 6 (TCP/IPv6) to
disable IPv6. Then click on OK at the bottom.

Use The Network Troubleshooter

If you have still not been able to figure out the issue yet, you might want to take
help of the built-in network troubleshooter to find and fix the underlying
problem on your computer.
• Launch the Settings app on your PC.
• Click on Update & Security.
• Select Troubleshoot from the left sidebar.
• Find Network Adapter in the list, click on it, and choose Run the
troubleshooter.
• The troubleshooter will find and help fix the issue on your machine.

Try changing NIC (Network Interface card)

A network interface card (NIC) is a hardware component without which a
computer cannot be connected over a network. It is a circuit board installed in a
computer that provides a dedicated network connection to the computer. It is
also called network interface controller, network adapter or LAN adapter. If
NIC is damaged you have to change it and update driver accordingly. The
process may vary from devices to devices.
 3.Duplicated IP Address

The Problem: I got an error message that says that the IP address is
already in use.
• A small error window just popped up on your screen saying that your IP
address is already in use. How is this even possible and what causes this
IP address conflict? Well, there are a few reasons why this can happen:
• Your system administrator could have assigned two computers on a local
area network (LAN) the same static IP address.
• Your internet service provider accidentally assigned two people the same
IP address.
• The network’s Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server has
allowed the same dynamic address to be assigned to multiple computers
automatically.
• Your system administrator has assigned a static IP address to a computer
within the local network’s DHCP range, and the same address is
automatically given by the local DHCP server

These are just a few of the plethora of reasons why IP address conflicts take
place. Here are some ways to fix this issue:
Solution
Restart your computer
Try restarting your computer. Sometimes machines simply get “stuck” and need
a reboot, and often that will solve this issue.
Release IP and get a new one
• Click Start and select Run.
• Type “cmd” in the box and click OK. A window with a command prompt
with an old-school DOS aesthetic appears.
• Type “ipconfig /release” and press Enter. This should release your
computer’s current IP addresses.
• Type “ipconfig /renew” and press Enter. This assigns your computer a
new set of IP addresses.
 • Type Exit and press Enter to close that window.
change the TCP/IP settings. To enable your DHCP
Microsoft recommends using automated Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
(DHCP), which automatically assigns IP addresses to your network’s
computers.to use this follow step

• Select Start, select Settings > Network & Internet.

• Select Wi-Fi > Manage known networks, if you have a Wi-Fi network.
Choose the network you want to change the settings for, and select
Properties. (For an Ethernet network, select Ethernet).
• Under IP assignment, select Edit.
• Under Edit IP settings, select Automatic (DHCP) or Manual.
Set IP manually
For some reason if you want to set IP manually you can do so by following
these steps:
To specify IPv6 settings manually:
• Under Edit IP settings, choose Manual, then turn on IPv6.
• To specify an IP address, in the IP address, Subnet prefix length, and
Gateway boxes, type the IP address settings.
• To specify a DNS server address, in the Preferred DNS and Alternate
DNS boxes, type the addresses of the primary and secondary DNS
servers.
• When you select Automatic (DHCP), the IP address settings and DNS
server address setting are set automatically by your router or other
access point (recommended).
• When you select Manual, you can manually set your IP address
settings and DNS server address.
• Select Save.
To specify IPv4 settings manually:
• Under Edit IP settings, select Manual, then turn on IPv4.
 • To specify an IP address, in the IP address, Subnet prefix length, and
Gateway boxes, type the IP address settings.
• To specify a DNS server address, in the Preferred DNS and Alternate
DNS boxes, type the addresses of the primary and secondary DNS
servers.
• When you select Automatic (DHCP), the IP address settings and DNS
server address setting are set automatically by your router or other
access point (recommended).
• When you select Manual, you can manually set your IP address
settings and DNS server address.
• Select Save.

According to Microsoft, it’s best to allow Windows to install device drivers

automatically. But if Windows cannot locate your device’s driver, you can
do some digging on the manufacturer’s website.
Once you find the updated driver, follow the installation prompts. Some
devices are tricky and include drivers you’ll need to install. If you
download a driver that isn’t self-installing, try this:
1. Make sure you’re logged in as an administrator.
2. Open Device Manager. (To get there, click Start, Control Panel,
System and Security, Device Manager.)
3. In the hardware list, find the device you’d like to update.
4. Double click that device’s name.
5. Click on the Driver tab.
6. Click Update Driver, and then follow the prompts.
 4. Slow Performance
Problem: My applications are responding very slowly.
Why is my computer so slow? Slow-running applications can put a damper on
your productivity in the workplace. One of the most common network issues
that business networks fight with is slow applications. This happens especially
when a computer first turns on or connects to a network. In most cases, this is
caused by heavy bandwidth usage. In other instances, it can be caused by lack
of hard drive space, running too many applications at once, having too many
browser tabs open at one time, or even just a dusty room! The solution for this
issue depends on the root of the problem.
Once you’ve gotten rid of some of your browser’s extensions, eliminated
applications you aren’t using, or identified the application that’s eating up all of
your processing power, you should be able to see a huge difference in your
computer’s processing speed. (You can do this by using the Task Manager for
Windows or the Activity Monitor for Mac to see which applications are slowing
you down). If this solution didn’t work for you, here’s what you can do:
Solution
Disable auto-launching programs
Some programs will start automatically when your computer starts up. Again,
this feature was designed with convenience in mind, so the user doesn’t have to
start the program manually. But if you have too many programs starting when
you open your computer, it will occupy all your resources, and you won’t be
able to get anything done. Think carefully about which programs you want to
have auto start-up enable, and disable everything that isn’t necessary or
beneficial.

Uninstall unnecessary programs

Installed programs on your computer can also bog your system down. Browse
through all your current programs and uninstall anything that you haven’t used
in the past six months or so. Chances are, there will be at least a few programs
you don’t even remember installing.
Delete temporary files
Temporary files are technical files used by your system to execute functions,
and as the name implies, they’re only necessary for a temporary period of time.
After that, they take up unnecessary space and slow your computer down. There
are different ways to delete temporary files in Windows, depending on which
system you’re using, but all of them have the power to make your device run
faster—especially if you haven’t taken the step of deleting temporary files in the
past.
Have enough free space on your HDD/SSD
Your computer’s speed also relies on the amount of free space on the machine.
Go through the files on your local hard drive, and find a way to get rid of
whatever you aren’t actively using. Images and videos tend to be major space
hogs, so consider deleting them, storing them on an external hard drive, or
uploading them to a cloud storage surface.
Close out unnecessary tabs
Many modern consumers have the bad habit of constantly opening new tabs in
their browser, while never losing any of their old ones. If you open up Chrome,
you’ll see a dozen or more active tabs, none of which are currently necessary.
This may seem innocent enough, or even convenient in some cases, but all those
open tabs are running processes that slow your other computer functions down.
Make sure you close out all your tabs whenever you’re done with an online
session.
Shut down and/or restart your computer regularly
Many consumers make the mistake of leaving their computer “on” and in a
hibernating mode whenever they’re not using it, instead of shutting it down all
the way. This can be highly convenient since you won’t have to go through the
entire start-up process when you open your computer. However, shutting your
computer down completely allows it to clear temporary files and start fresh—so
you should count on doing it at least once a week.
Upgrade your hardware that create bottleneck
Much of your computer’s performance depends on its hardware. weather its
RAM, HDD/SSD or processor. For example, if you are using a device with fast
processor but an old HDD and slow RAM, HDD and RAM might create
bottleneck, you may upgrade your processor even further but it dosn’t make any
impact on performance. More RAM is generally better but extra excessive
RAM means more program run in background consuming precious processing
power, so upgrade hardware wisely.
Virus infection can create slowdown of pc
Use a reupdated antivirus software, who know some malicious file is mining
cryptocurrency on background but be cautious before choosing them because
they themselves always run-in background so choose a lighter one.
Corrupted OS can also create a slowdown of PC
Many a time in windows some crucial windows file get corrupted, which
windows trying to correct but is unable to correct, many a time windows try to
fix them continuously and using your resources and also create heating issues.
Update your computer
Updating your computer will usually help it run faster. In some cases, you may
add new features, programs, or installations that have the reverse effect, but in
others, you’ll update your operating system to have fewer bugs and run more
efficiently. Ultimately, that results in a faster running PC.
Resetting your computer
When other thing doesn’t work resetting your computer may give a new live it
alone fixes most of the issues which were cover above
Installing a light weight OS
If you know you are using low powered computer and are unable to get a new
one you may shift to any lighter distribution of Linux OS like “Linux lite”.
High temperature and dust slow down computer
If you are using a computer in direct sunlight, it become warm both externally
and internally which may cause it to thermal throttle and eventually slowing
down and also degrade life of hardware, so use pc in optimal temperature of
around 25 degrees Celsius in shaded environment. In laptops and pc cooling fan
are provided to keep the pc cool but, eventually they attract lot of dust which
block air passage and then fan can’t keep your pc internals cool which degrade
the performance.
 5.Assistant to launch apps
Idea: Now a days we are trying to develop the customer oriented and business
oriented products to ease the product utilization. Design an application (GUI) to
launch the few frequent applications that users wants.
Input format: through text or voice input (Like Alexa). Output: launch the
application (open chrome, notepad, media player etc.) Language: choose your
own
Solution
We are going to create a menu of system applications using Python3. We are
going to include the below applications in the menu:
• GOOGLE CHROME
• MS EDGE
• MS EXCEL
• MS POWERPOINT
• MS WORD
• VLC PLAYER
• NOTEPAD
• ILLUSTRATOR
• PHOTOSHOP
• TELEGRAM
You can chat with it or type number of applications to be opened or simply, you
can also type software name or its short form like “PS” for “Photoshop”.

Modules Needed
• pyttsx3: It is a text-to-speech conversion library in Python. Unlike
alternative libraries, it works offline and is compatible with both Python 2
and 3. An application invokes the pyttsx3.init() factory function to get a
reference to a pyttsx3. Engine instance. It is a very easy to use tool which
converts the entered text into speech. It can be installed using the below
command:
• pip install pyttsx3
Below code snippet showcases the use of the above module:

# create object
engine = pyttsx3.init()

# assign voice
voices = engine.getProperty('voices')

#changing index changes voices but ony 0 and 1 are working here
engine.setProperty('voice', voices[1].id)

# run tool
engine.runAndWait()

print("")

• os: The OS module in python provides functions for interacting with the
operating system. OS, comes under Python’s standard utility modules.
This module provides a portable way of using operating system
dependent functionality.

Below is the program to create an Application Menu using Python

# import required module
import pyttsx3
import os

# driver code

# create object and assign voice

engine = pyttsx3.init()
voices = engine.getProperty('voices')

# changing index changes voices but ony

# 0 and 1 are working here
engine.setProperty('voice', voices[1].id)
engine.runAndWait()
print("")
print("")

# introduction
print(" =============================================== Hello World!!
================================================")
engine.say('Hello World!!')
print("")
print(" My name is Divy Shah,I make this tool With this help of tool
you can open below things.......")

print("\n\t 1.MICROSOFT WORD \t 2.MICROSOFT POWERPOINT \n\t 3.MICROSOFT

EXCEL \t 4.GOOGLE CHROME \n\t 5.VLC PLAYER \t 6.ADOBE ILLUSTRATOR
\n\t 7.ADOBE PHOTOSHOP \t 8.MICROSOFT EDGE \n\t 9.NOTEPAD \t
10.TELEGRAM \n\n\t\t 0. FOR EXIT")

print("\n (YOU CAN USE NUMBER OR YOU CAN DO CHAT LIKE 'OPEN
NOTEBOOK' etc....)")

print("\n ============================================ Welcome To My

Tools ============================================")
pyttsx3.speak("Welcome to my tools")
print("")
print("")

pyttsx3.speak("chat with me with your requirements")

while True:
# take input
print(" CHAT WITH ME WITH YOUR REQUIREMENTS : ", end='')
p = input()
p = p.upper()
print(p)

if ("DONT" in p) or ("DON'T" in p) or ("NOT" in p):

pyttsx3.speak("Type Again")
print(".")
print(".")
continue

# assignements for diffenet applications in the menu

elif ("GOOGLE" in p) or ("SEARCH" in p) or ("WEB BROWSER" in p) or
("CHROME" in p) or ("BROWSER" in p) or ("4" in p):
pyttsx3.speak("Opening")
pyttsx3.speak("GOOGLE CHROME")
print(".")
print(".")
os.system("chrome")

elif ("IE" in p) or ("MSEDGE" in p) or ("EDGE" in p) or ("8" in p):

pyttsx3.speak("Opening")
pyttsx3.speak("MICROSOFT EDGE")
print(".")
print(".")
 os.system("msedge")

elif ("NOTE" in p) or ("NOTES" in p) or ("NOTEPAD" in p) or

("EDITOR" in p) or ("9" in p):
pyttsx3.speak("Opening")
pyttsx3.speak("NOTEPAD")
print(".")
print(".")
os.system("Notepad")

elif ("VLCPLAYER" in p) or ("PLAYER" in p) or ("VIDEO PLAYER" in p)

or ("5" in p):
pyttsx3.speak("Opening")
pyttsx3.speak("VLC PLAYER")
print(".")
print(".")
os.system("VLC")

elif ("ILLUSTRATOR" in p) or ("AI" in p) or ("6" in p):

pyttsx3.speak("Opening")
pyttsx3.speak("ADOBE ILLUSTRATOR")
print(".")
print(".")
os.system("illustrator")

elif ("PHOTOSHOP" in p) or ("PS" in p) or ("PHOTOSHOP CC" in p) or

("7" in p):
pyttsx3.speak("Opening")
pyttsx3.speak("ADOBE PHOTOSHOP")
print(".")
print(".")
os.system("photoshop")

elif ("TELEGRAM" in p) or ("TG" in p) or ("10" in p):

pyttsx3.speak("Opening")
pyttsx3.speak("TELEGRAM")
print(".")
print(".")
os.system("telegram")

elif ("EXCEL" in p) or ("MSEXCEL" in p) or ("SHEET" in p) or

("WINEXCEL" in p) or ("3" in p):
pyttsx3.speak("Opening")
pyttsx3.speak("MICROSOFT EXCEL")
print(".")
print(".")
os.system("excel")
 elif ("SLIDE" in p) or ("MSPOWERPOINT" in p) or ("PPT" in p) or
("POWERPNT" in p) or ("2" in p):
pyttsx3.speak("Opening")
pyttsx3.speak("MICROSOFT POWERPOINT")
print(".")
print(".")
os.system("powerpnt")

elif ("WORD" in p) or ("MSWORD" in p) or ("1" in p):

pyttsx3.speak("Opening")
pyttsx3.speak("MICROSOFT WORD")
print(".")
print(".")
os.system("winword")

# close the program

elif ("EXIT" in p) or ("QUIT" in p) or ("CLOSE" in p) or ("0" in p):
pyttsx3.speak("Exiting")
break

# for invalid input

else:
pyttsx3.speak(p)
print("Is Invalid,Please Try Again")
pyttsx3.speak("is Invalid,Please try again")
print(".")
print(".")
 6.Dgit Classifier
Problem : MNIST ("Modified National Institute of Standards and
Technology") is the de facto “hello world” dataset of computer vision. This
classic dataset of handwritten images has served as the basis for benchmarking
classification algorithms. As new machine learning techniques emerge, MNIST
remains a reliable resource for researchers and learners alike. Your goal is to
correctly identify digits from a dataset of tens of thousands of handwritten
images. We encourage you to experiment with different algorithms to learn
first-hand what works well and how techniques compare.
The Solution:
MNIST ("Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology") is the de
facto “hello world” dataset of computer vision. Since its release in 1999, this
classic dataset of handwritten images has served as the basis for benchmarking
classification algorithms. As new machine learning techniques emerge, MNIST
remains a reliable resource for researchers and learners alike.
In this competition, your goal is to correctly identify digits from a dataset of
tens of thousands of handwritten images. We’ve curated a set of tutorial-style
kernels which cover everything from regression to neural networks. We
encourage you to experiment with different algorithms to learn first-hand what
works well and how techniques compare.