| Gis end Remote Sensing Lab 1 Lab 1: Introduction to ArcGIS (4rcCatalag and ArcMap) Lesson Desc This exercise introduces you to ArcCatalog and ArcMap. Youwill prepare a folder structure to store data files and map products, You will explore GIS data layers about Africa while learning about the varioustoolsand capabilities of ArcCatalog and ArcMap whichare integral components of ArcGIS. Objectives The student will he able to: 1) Manage and organize data in ArcCatelog. 2) Becomefamiliar with the interface of ArcMap. 3) Exploreatiribute tables. 4) Create anew data layer fromexisting data 5) Create alayout. 6) Create metadata and understand its importance in GIS. Key Words: ArcGIS, ArcCatalog, ArcMap, shapefile, attribute table, map layout, metadata Resources Required: ArcCatalog 10.5 and ArcMap 10.5 Data Used: + Afr countries pop.shp: Thisis a vector (polygon) shapefile of the countries of Africa and includes population estimates for 2013. + AddisAbabashp:Thisis avector (point) file of the location of Addis Ababa. Background Information: Geographic Information Systems (GIS) enable us to gather, view, manage, analyze and display information in a spatial context. GIS allows for multiple layers of data to overlay each other and to relate to one another based on location. ArcGIS is GIS software that is comprised of many components, including ArcCatalog and ArcMap. ArcCatalog is where data is managed and stored, ArcMap is where we use that data to create maps and conduct spatial analyses. In this lesson, you will learn how to manage data in ArcCatalog and how to make your irst maps using ArcMap 10.5 Laboratory: This lab will introduce you to the two main components of ArcGIS: ArcCatalog andArcMap. To get started, create a new folder on your computer called Lab_1. 1. Exploring ArcMap Open ArcMap (either from an icon on your Desktop Q or from the Windows Start menu: Start > All Programs > ArcGIS > ArcMap 10.5. 1.1. Adialog appears providingthe option toopen a new map.a templateoran existing map (Fig. 1). ‘+ ABlank Map option is used if youhave existing data layers to be viewed + ATemplatets used ifyou want to use a layout or base mapthat has already been created. + The Existing Map option is used if you have a map file that has been previously created in ArcMap Prepared By Yidnekachew K. WKU-CCI 1GIS and Remote Sensing Lab 1 a Select Blank Map and) Click OK Fig 1 Creating biank map. 1.2. Data Frames. When you first start ArcMap, it automatically creates a working area, or Data Frame, called Lavers (Fig. 2). ArcGIS can have several Data Frames in a project. Different data can be represented by each data frame. The display area, symbology, and coordinato systoms can also be different for each data frame NOTE: As new layers are added, the coordinate system will default to the firstlayer added to the data frame. All layers will be on-the-fly projectedto the same coordinate system; however, this does notchangethe coordinate system ofthe newlyadded layer. We'll discuss projections. later. Dawe sren < EaBeO ry Bi nen amy This isthe Table of Thisis the Data View window. Contents. it contains deta frames, which contain data layers. Fig. 2 ArcMap working area Prepared By Vidnekachew K. WKU-CCI 2| Gis and Remote Sensing Lab 1 2. Exploring ArcCatalog Using ArcCatalog is the best way to manage your GIS data, ArcCatalog may look similar to the file management system in Windows, butis specifically designed to handle GIS data, 2.1. Start ArcCatalog by double-clickingon its iconin ArcMap (or Windows > Catalog onthe top menu). Take a look around the ArcCatalog window. When you click on Folder Connections, a Catalog tree will appear that shows the folders from your computer that ArcCatalog is connected te. Toa new felder, you select the Connect to Folder icon (Fig. 3). Fig. 3 Connect to Folder. 2.2. You will want to access the data for this lab that is in the folder called Lab_1_Data Ifyou dont see the Lab_1_Data folder, youwill need to connectto it using the Connect to Folder icon, In the Connect to Folder window, navigate to the location where you downloaded the Lab_1_Data folderand click OK. You should now be able to sae and access yourLab_1 Data folder from tho Catalog Tree in ArcCatalog. Repeat this step to connect to the Lab_1 folder you created earlier (Fig. 4 Catalog -o eG 2G B-\ a) 3 cater: [F5 0 Vcndamc\ii\SS\GIS ab vide GIS Lab Materile © GJ Home -Documents\AreGis © Ed Folder Connections © EE D:\dcadamic\Wla\GIS\GIS Lab\Vidne GIS Lab Materials B Addisabeveshp GW At counties pop.shp Resdme dats source tt Fig, 4 Copying dou ftesfortab 1 Prepared By Yidnekachew K. WKU-CCI 33. Adding Data GIS and Remote Sensing Lab 1 2.3. Copy the data files you will neod to complete Lab 1. From your download file open the Lab_4_Data folder by double-clicking on the folder name or clicking the! button next to the folder name. The datasets you will need are: + Afr countries popshpand AddisAbabashp Select both files (control-click on AddisAbabashp and then Afr-countries.shp). With both files selected, right-click and select Copy (orpress Ctrl-Conyour keyboard). In the Catalog ‘Tree, navigate to the Lab_1 folderyou created earlier and Paste (CtrI-V) these files to this, folder. You should now have the datasets you need to start Lesson 1 inyour Lab_1 folder. |ArcCatalog. Do not copy/delete/rename data using Windows Explorer. When using ArcCatalog, you | xml) oryour data will be unreadable. [IOTE: When copying and moving data, itisagoodrule of thumb to ALWAYS copy or move datawithin| automatically capture all the data files associated with each shapefile (Ifyou copy shapefiles from Windows Explorer, you must be sure to copy all files that belong with a shapefile (.shx, sho, bf, .pri, 3.1. Use the Add Data button *™ to add the data forthis lab to ArcMap (Fig, 5). In the Add Data ‘window that appears, navigate to your Lab_1 folder which contains the data, and first add the Afr_ countries pop.shp, thenthe AddisAbabashp files. nea 4\DGBSO Hy OSS A808, The Add Data button. Fig, 5 The Add Dota button ‘You can change the order of the data layers in the Table of Contents by clicking and dragging the data layer up or down. ArcGIS draws from the bottom up. Data layers should be organized with points at the top of the Table of Contents and lines, polygons and raster's at the bottom of the list. Use the Zoom In and Zoom Out buttons * © to examine the map. Use the other tools on the standard toolbar to identify, pan or point to data. Use the Identity burton ( © jand ciickon featureson the map to see their attributes. Prepared By Yidnekachew K. WKU-CCIGIS and Remote Sensing Lab 1 3.2, Attribute Tables. The shapefiles on the mapcontain attribute tables, which contain a record (row) for each feature in the layer and a field (column) for each attribute (Fig. 6). Right-click on the Afr_countries pop layer and select Open Attribute Table. Notice there are attribute values for each country. Scroll across the table and examine the attributes, When a record is highlighted in the atiribute table (by clicking once on any row or rows), its corresponding feature is highlighted on the map. Explore this data table. To sort records (alphabetically or numerically), you can double-click on any column, or field, name, Row: Record or Features Column: Field or attribute Feneet er Fig, 6en Attribute Table 3.3. Properties of Data Layers. One thing you will need to do often in ArcMap is access the properties of a data layer. To view the properties of a data layer, right-click on the layer name and select Properties to open the Layer Properties window (Fig. 7). Youcan view and modify the display properties of the map including symbology and labeling options. Review of the tabs in the Layer Properties window: General: allows changing the name of the layer, adding description and credits, and making the layer invisible ata certain scale. Source: allows viewing the motadata and editing the data source of the layer. Selection: allows customizing selection symbology. Display: allows changing transparency of the layer. Symbology: allowscustomizingand importing symbology of the layer via Features, Categories, Quantities, Charts and Multiple Attributes. Fields: allows displaying fields. Definition Query: allows writing scripts to query the data via Query Builder. Labels: allows displaying, changing symbology,and defining placement, scale and style of the labels, Join& Relates: allowsjoining and relating various datasets. Time: allows animation of data with time attributes. HTML Popup: allows showing the content of the layer using HTML Popup tool Prepared By Yidnekachew K. WKU-CCL 5GIS and Remote Sensing Lab 1 3.4, Labeling Features, Open the Properties window of the Afr_countries poplayer. (Right-click on Its name in the Table of Contents and select Properties) (Fg 7). 1. Select the Labels tab. This is where you can Indicate how you want your map layersto be labeled. 2. Inthis case, clickto check the box in the upper left corner to tum on the Label features inthislayer option. 3, Inthe“Label Field:” dropdown menu, select COUNTRY _NA. Thisisthe fleld that includes ‘the name of the country, as listed in the attribute table, Experiment with different fonts, sizes, and placement properties to label yourmap of African countries. Cred ere ech Snb Ps Di Oiny SS ea Toe Fig. 7Loyer Properties window (Labeling Features.) 4, GreatingNew Data In this section, you will create a new dataset (shapefile) of Ethiopia by selecting the single polygon “feature” of Ethiopia from the Africa countries shapefile, This will be done using the Select By Attributestool. 4.1.From the menu bar at the top, clickon Selection > Select By Attributes... (Fig.8). File Edt View Gockmarts Inset [ Selection | Geoprocessing Customize Windows Beas 1 0 [Bln Select By Attributes. less QQMO 28) eo Seeceyte Select By Attributes L The Select by Attributes window will appear (Fig.9). In the “Layer” dropdown field, select Afr- countries pop.Noticethatall of the fieldnames of that shapefile are now listed. Youwillmake a query expression to select from the “COUNTRY NA" fieldonly the country named “Ethiopia’.To cteate this expression, do the following (Beware! These expressions are very picky about spaces and punctuation): Prepared By Yidnekachew K. WKU-CCI 6fee eo GIS and Remote Sensing Lab 1 Double-clickon “COUNTRY_NA’. Single-lick on the equalsbutton L= J Single-click on Get Unique Values. Thiswill generate the list of all possible values in that field. Scroll down to ‘Ethiopia’ (ortype the name into the “Go To:” box). Double-click on ‘Ethiopia’. Once yourexpression appeers like the one here, click OK. ae = Fig. 9 The Select dy Atebutes window Go back to your data view (where you can see the map) and the country of Ethiopia should be highlighted in blue (Fig. 10). Similarly, if you open the attribute table of the Afr_countries pop shapefile, the row that corresponds to the Ethiopia feature will also be highlighted in blue, and it will be indicated at the bottom of the Table window that “1 out of 59” features are selected, Fig, 10 Dota view withEthiopa highlighted in blue 4.2. To create a new shapefile from this selected set (in this case, just the country of Ethiopia), right click on Afrcountries_pop inthe Table of Contents and select Data-> Export Data. Notice Prepared By Yidnekachew K. WKU-CCI 7GIS and Remote Sensing Lab 1 that the “Export.” dropdown field says “Selected features"; there are other options, but this is the cneyou wantfor this process (Fig. 11).In the “Output feature class:" field, click the folder button and navigate to your Lab_1 folder. In the “Save as type:’ field, select Shapefile. Give this new shapeflle the nameEthfopia (the shp extension willbe added automatically). Click Saveand OK. exces [iced eaties Was yers marc deta (ouput featre dase ( endanc WG\GIS La We IS Lab Mama iC SP Coe) [ioe Fig, 11 Export Dote window. ‘When you click on OK a dialog box with a message “Doyou want to add the exported data to the mapas a layer?” appears and just clickon Yes! ‘You should now see that a new shapefile has been added, and that It represents the country of Ethiopia. Clear the selection in your Afr countries pop layer. To do this, single click on Afr_countries_pop, thenclick Selection > Clear Selected Features. Save yourmap by clicking File > Save As... Inthe Save As window, navigate to the Lab_1 folder that you created earlier. In the “File name” field, name your map Lab_1_Ajr_countries (the mexwillbe added automatically). 5. Working with symbology Symbolizingfeatures on a mapis animportant part of communicatingyour GIS information to others, Inthis section, we willexplore a variety of ways to change the colors,symbols, and fonts. 5.1. Right-click on Afr countries_pop, select Properties and then choose the Symbology tab (Fig 112). In the “Show.” field on the left, select Categories and then Unique Values. In the “Value Field” dropdown menu, make sure COUNTRY NA is selected. Click on Add All Values. You should see a list of all the country names in Africa. Youcan change the “Color Ramp” if you wish, Click OK and this will create symbols (colors) for each unique value (country) (Fig. 12 Inset map). Prepared By Yidnekachew K. WKU-CCI 8GIS and Remote Sensing Lab 1 Fig, 12 Symbology tab and countries a: urique calor values (inset map) 5.2. Start in the same way as described above: Right-click on Afr_countries pop, select Properties and then choose the Symbology tab. In the “Show.” field on the left, thistime select Quantities and Graduated Colors. In the “Value:” dropdown field, select PopEst2013. Click OK and look at your map. (Ifit’s in the way, tum the Ethiopia layer off by unchecking the check-marked box next to the Ethiopia layer name.) You should now have a map of the total estimated population of African countries for 2013. 6. CreatingaMap Layout Since our focus is Ethiopia, let's create a Map Layout that highlights Ethiopia as part of the African continent. 6.4, Clear the symbology fromyourpopulation map. Right-click Afr countries pop > Properties > Symbology, then in the “Show.” field select Features > Single Symbol. You canchange the “fill’ to anything you want, or make it hollow, sothat only the outlines (boundaries) are visible. ‘Turn on the Addis Ababa and the Ethiopia layers by clicking and check-marking the boxes next to the layer names (Fig. 13). Prepared By Yidnekachew i. WKU-CCI 9GIS and Remote Sensing Lab 1 ‘ig, 13 Adats Ababa and einiogia Layers tured on. From the Viewmenu, select Layout View (Fig. 14). File Edit | View | Bookmarks Insert Selection Geoprocessing Custom [irae Fig, 14 Selecting Layout View. Layout View is where you can add your map as well as other cartographic elements so that you can print outa finished product. Note that it is still very closely connected to your data; that is, what you change In the Data View will be visible In the Layout View and vice versa. 6.2. Map Elements. Map elements are the extra features that are placed on a map to help makeit more understandable. You can insert whichever elements you choose, but as a general rule, you should usually include a title legend, north arrow, and scale. All of these can be added from the Insert menu in the Layout View. Play around with these elements and makethe map your own. You should also label the features in. your map (refer to saction 3.4 above). Decide whether you want all African countries labeled, or perhaps just Ethiopia, Youcan also label Addis Ababa and change the style of ts point symbol. 6.3. Save your now “map document” ky going to File > Save... Navigate to your Lab_t foldor and cab, 1_Intro (the amzxd file extension will appear automaticaly give your map document the nam and stands for "Map Document’). NOTE: Naming conventions are veryimportantin GIS. In order to easilylocate and identify files, make sure the names youcreate are descriptiveand relevantto the contained files or map. Now you can open this map document for Lab 2 quickly and save your work as you finish new sections of the lesson. Prepared By Vidnekachew K. WKU-CCI 10GIS and Remote Sensing Lab 1 rigins Ethiopia The Land of Fig. 15 Output of the lab_1 Exercises: Create a different map layout of Africausing the datasets that youhave. Keep in mind youcan change ‘the focus, scale and extent of your maps. You could choose to highlight a country other than Ethiopia, or show population of a selected set of countries Have fun with it and print out your results, if possible. Prepared By Yidnexachew &. WKU-CCL uw